text-book of

A text-book of veterinary anatomy

Name: A text-book of veterinary anatomy
Author: Sisson, Septimus, 1865-1924

作者：Sisson, Septimus, 1865-1924
体例：题　章数：1619
字数：1,987,413　来源：Project Gutenberg

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BY
SEPTIMUS SISSON, S.B., V.S.
COPYRIGHT, 1910, BY W. B. SAUNDERS COMPANY
Reprinted July, 1911
PRINTED IN AMERICA
TO
KATHERINE OLDHAM SISSON
BY THE AUTHOR
PREFACE
OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY, COLUMBUS, OHIO. SEPTIMUS SISSON.
CONTENTS
INDEX 783
VETERINARY ANATOMY
INTRODUCTION
1. Osteology
2. Arthrology
3. Myology
4. Splanchnology
5. Angiology
6. Neurology
7. Æsthesiology
OSTEOLOGY
THE SKELETON
STRUCTURE OF BONES[1]
FIG. 2.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF LARGE METATARSAL BONE OF HORSE.
DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH OF BONE[2]
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BONE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF BONE
DESCRIPTIVE TERMS
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
FIG. 4.—FIRST THORACIC VERTEBRÆ OF HORSE.
THE RIBS
THE COSTAL CARTILAGES
THE STERNUM
THE THORAX
THE SKULL
THE BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
THE BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
FIG. 5.—SKELETON OF HORSE, WITH OUTLINE OF CONTOUR OF BODY.
THE SKELETON OF THE HORSE
THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
THE CERVICAL VERTEBRÆ
THE ATLAS
THE AXIS
THE THORACIC VERTEBRÆ
THE LUMBAR VERTEBRÆ
THE SACRUM
FIG. 19.—SACRUM OF HORSE, DORSO-LATERAL VIEW.
THE COCCYGEAL VERTEBRÆ
THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN AS A WHOLE
THE RIBS
THE COSTAL CARTILAGES
THE STERNUM
FIG. 24.—STERNUM OF HORSE, LATERAL VIEW.
THE THORAX
THE BONES OF THE SKULL
FIG. 26.—SKULL, ATLAS, AND AXIS OF HORSE, LATERAL VIEW.
THE OCCIPITAL BONE
THE SPHENOID BONE
THE ETHMOID BONE
FIG. 30.—SKULL OF HORSE, DORSAL VIEW.
THE INTERPARIETAL BONE
THE PARIETAL BONES
THE FRONTAL BONES
THE TEMPORAL BONES
THE MAXILLAE
THE PREMAXILLAE
THE PALATINE BONES
THE PTERYGOID BONES
THE NASAL BONES
THE LACRIMAL BONES
THE MALAR BONES
THE TURBINAL BONES
THE VOMER
THE MANDIBLE
THE HYOID BONE
THE SKULL AS A WHOLE
FIG. 34.—CRANIAL CAVITY OF HORSE AS SEEN ON SAGITTAL SECTION OF SKULL.
THE CRANIAL CAVITY
FIG. 35.—FLOOR OF CRANIAL CAVITY OF HORSE.
FIG. 36.—MEDIAN SECTION OF SKULL OF HORSE WITHOUT THE MANDIBLE.
THE NASAL CAVITY
THE PARANASAL SINUSES
THE BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB THE SCAPULA
THE HUMERUS
THE RADIUS
THE ULNA
THE CARPUS
THE RADIAL CARPAL BONE
THE INTERMEDIATE CARPAL BONE
THE ULNAR CARPAL BONE
THE ACCESSORY CARPAL BONE
THE FIRST CARPAL BONE
THE SECOND CARPAL BONE
THE THIRD CARPAL BONE
THE FOURTH CARPAL BONE
THE CARPUS AS A WHOLE
THE METACARPUS
THE LARGE METACARPAL BONE
THE SMALL METACARPAL BONES
THE PHALANGES
THE FIRST PHALANX
THE SECOND PHALANX
THE THIRD PHALANX
THE SESAMOID BONES
THE BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
OS COXÆ
THE ILIUM
FIG. 60.—OSSA COXARUM OF MARE, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 61.—OSSA COXARUM OF MARE, VENTRAL VIEW.
THE ISCHIUM
THE PUBIS
THE PELVIS
THE FEMUR
FIG. 65.—RIGHT FEMUR OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 66.—FRONTAL SECTION OF LEFT FEMUR OF HORSE, ANTERIOR VIEW.
THE TIBIA
THE FIBULA
FIG. 71.—PROXIMAL EXTREMITY OF RIGHT TIBIA OF HORSE, END VIEW.
THE PATELLA
THE TARSUS
THE TIBIAL TARSAL BONE
THE FIBULAR TARSAL BONE
THE CENTRAL TARSAL BONE
FIRST AND SECOND TARSAL BONES
THE THIRD TARSAL BONE
THE FOURTH TARSAL BONE
THE METATARSUS
THE PHALANGES AND SESAMOIDS
SKELETON OF THE OX
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
FIG. 88.—SKELETON OF COW.
THE RIBS
THE THORAX
BONES OF THE SKULL
BONES OF THE CRANIUM
FIG. 89.—SKULL AND ATLAS OF OX, LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 90.—SKULL OF OX, BASAL VIEW, WITHOUT MANDIBLE.
FIG. 91.—SKULL OF OX, DORSAL VIEW (WITH MANDIBLE).
FIG. 92.—SKULL AND ATLAS OF OX, VENTRAL VIEW.
BONES OF THE FACE
FIG. 93.—MEDIAN SECTION OF SKULL OF OX, WITHOUT THE MANDIBLE.
FIG. 94.—HYOID BONE OF OX.
SKULL OF THE OX AS A WHOLE
FIG. 97.—SKULL OF OX, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 98.—SKULL OF OX, LATERAL VIEW WITHOUT MANDIBLE.
BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
FIG. 103.—FRONTAL SECTION OF LEFT TIBIA OF OX, ANTERIOR VIEW.
SKELETON OF THE PIG
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
FIG. 105.—SKELETON OF PIG, LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 106.—ATLAS OF PIG, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 107.—AXIS OF PIG, LEFT LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 108.—SACRUM OF PIG, DORSAL VIEW.
THE RIBS
THE STERNUM
FIG. 109.—SKULL OF PIG, LATERAL VIEW WITHOUT MANDIBLE.
BONES OF THE SKULL
CRANIUM
FIG. 111.—BASAL SURFACE OF SKULL OF YOUNG PIG, WITHOUT THE MANDIBLE.
FACE
FIG. 112.—MANDIBLE OF PIG.
THE SKULL AS A WHOLE
BONES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
FIG. 113.—SKELETON OF FOREARM AND MANUS OF PIG, ANTERO-EXTERNAL VIEW.
BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
FIG. 114.—COXAL BONES OF PIG, LEFT POSTERIOR VIEW.
SKELETON OF THE DOG
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
FIG. 115.—SKELETON OF DOG, LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 116.—ATLAS OF DOG, VIEWED FROM ABOVE AND BEHIND.
FIG. 117.—AXIS OF DOG, LEFT LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 118.—SIXTH CERVICAL VERTEBRA OF DOG, LEFT VIEW.
FIG. 119.—FOURTH THORACIC VERTEBRA OF DOG, LEFT VIEW.
THE RIBS
FIG. 120.—FOURTH LUMBAR VERTEBRA OF DOG, LEFT VIEW.
FIG. 121.—SACRUM OF DOG, DORSAL VIEW.
THE STERNUM
BONES OF THE SKULL
CRANIUM
FIG. 122.—BASE OF SKULL OF DOG, WITHOUT MANDIBLE.
FIG. 123.—SKULL OF DOG, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 124.—CRANIAL CAVITY OF DOG, AS SEEN ON SAGITTAL SECTION OF SKULL.
FACE
FIG. 125.—MANDIBLE OF DOG, RIGHT-ANTERIOR VIEW.
THE SKULL AS A WHOLE
BONES OF THORACIC LIMB
FIG. 128.—RIGHT SCAPULA OF DOG, EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 129.—LEFT SCAPULA OF DOG, COSTAL SURFACE.
FIG. 130.—LEFT HUMERUS OF DOG, EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 131.—LEFT RADIUS AND ULNA OF DOG, ANTERO-EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 133.—SECOND AND THIRD PHALANGES OF DOG.
BONES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
FIG. 134.—OSSA COXARUM OF DOG, LEFT POSTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 135.—LEFT FEMUR OF DOG, ANTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 136.—LEFT TIBIA AND FIBULA OF DOG, ANTERO-EXTERNAL VIEW.
ARTHROLOGY
THE ARTICULATIONS OR JOINTS
SYNARTHROSES
DIARTHROSES
FIG. 138.—DIAGRAM OF SECTION OF DIARTHROSIS.
AMPHIARTHROSES
THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE HORSE
JOINTS AND LIGAMENTS OF THE VERTEBRÆ
INTERCENTRAL ARTICULATIONS
INTERNEURAL ARTICULATIONS
FIG. 140.—LIGAMENTUM NUCHÆ OF HORSE.
INTERTRANSVERSE ARTICULATIONS
SACRAL AND COCCYGEAL ARTICULATIONS
MOVEMENTS OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN
ATLANTO-AXIAL ARTICULATION
THE ATLANTO-OCCIPITAL ARTICULATION
ARTICULATIONS OF THE THORAX
COSTO-VERTEBRAL ARTICULATIONS
COSTO-CHONDRAL ARTICULATIONS
CHONDRO-STERNAL ARTICULATIONS
INTERCHONDRAL LIGAMENTS
STERNAL ARTICULATIONS
THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE SKULL
TEMPORO-MANDIBULAR ARTICULATION
THE SYNARTHROSES OF THE SKULL
THE HYOIDEAN ARTICULATIONS
THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE THORACIC LIMB
THE SHOULDER JOINT
THE ELBOW JOINT
FIG. 144.—LEFT CARPAL JOINTS OF HORSE, EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 145.—LEFT CARPAL JOINTS OF HORSE, ANTERIOR VIEW.
THE RADIO-ULNAR ARTICULATION
THE CARPAL JOINTS
FIG. 146.—FRONTAL SECTION OF CARPAL JOINTS OF HORSE (RIGHT SIDE).
FIG. 147.—LEFT CARPAL JOINTS OF HORSE, INNER VIEW.
THE FETLOCK JOINT
FIG. 148.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF DISTAL PART OF LIMB OF HORSE.
FIG. 150.—LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS OF DISTAL PART OF LIMB OF HORSE.
THE SESAMOIDEAN LIGAMENTS
THE PASTERN JOINT
THE COFFIN JOINT
LIGAMENTS OF THE LATERAL CARTILAGES
THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE PELVIC LIMB
THE SACRO-ILIAC ARTICULATION
SYMPHYSIS PELVIS
OBTURATOR MEMBRANE
THE HIP JOINT
FIG. 154.—PELVIC LIGAMENTS AND HIP JOINT.
THE STIFLE JOINT
FIG. 156.—LEFT STIFLE JOINT OF HORSE, LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 157.—STIFLE JOINT OF HORSE, FRONT VIEW, IN EXTENSION.
TIBIO-FIBULAR ARTICULATION
FIG. 163.—LEFT HOCK JOINT OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
THE HOCK JOINT
FIG. 164.—LEFT HOCK JOINT OF HORSE, ANTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 165.—LEFT HOCK JOINT OF HORSE, POSTERIOR VIEW.
COMPARATIVE ARTHROLOGY[39]
JOINTS AND LIGAMENTS OF THE VERTEBRÆ
FIG. 167.—LIGAMENTUM NUCHÆ OF OX.
ARTICULATIONS OF THE THORAX
TEMPORO-MANDIBULAR ARTICULATION
Articulations of the Thoracic Limb
SHOULDER JOINT
ELBOW JOINT
THE CARPAL JOINTS
INTERMETACARPAL JOINTS
METACARPO-PHALANGEAL JOINTS
FIG. 169.—LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS OF DIGITS OF PIG, VOLAR VIEW.
FIG. 170.—LIGAMENTS AND TENDONS OF PAW OF DOG, HIND LIMB, VOLAR VIEW.
INTERPHALANGEAL JOINTS
ARTICULATIONS OF THE PELVIC LIMB
SACRO-ILIAC JOINT
HIP JOINT
STIFLE JOINT
TIBIO-FIBULAR JOINTS
HOCK JOINT
THE MUSCULAR SYSTEM
MYOLOGY
6. The =relations= are, of course, important on surgical grounds.
FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE HORSE
PANNICULUS CARNOSUS
THE FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE HEAD
SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE LIPS AND CHEEKS
MUSCLES OF THE NOSTRILS
1. =Levator nasolabialis.=—This has been described (p. 214).
FIG. 174.—NASAL AND SUPERIOR LABIAL MUSCLES OF HORSE.
MUSCLES OF THE EYELIDS
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
2. =Temporalis.=—This muscle occupies the temporal fossa.
THE HYOID MUSCLES
7. =Sterno-thyro-hyoideus=, and
THE FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE NECK
THE FASCIÆ OF THE NECK
VENTRAL MUSCLES
FIG. 177.—ANTERO-LATERAL VIEW OF MUSCLES AND SKELETON OF HORSE.
2. =Mastoido-humeralis.=—This is described on p. 252.
LATERAL MUSCLES
FIRST LAYER
1. =Trapezius cervicalis.=—Described on p. 250.
SECOND LAYER
2. =Rhomboideus cervicalis.=—Described on p. 251.
THIRD LAYER
FOURTH LAYER
FIG. 178.—SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF HORSE.
FIG. 179.—DEEPER MUSCLES OF HORSE.
8. =Spinalis.=—Described with the longissimus on p. 237.
FIG. 180.—DEEPEST LAYER OF MUSCLES OF NECK OF HORSE.
THE FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE BACK AND LOINS
FIRST LAYER
1. =Trapezius thoracalis.=
2. =Latissimus dorsi.=
SECOND LAYER
3. =Rhomboideus thoracalis.=
THIRD LAYER
THE FASCIA AND MUSCLES OF THE TAIL
FIG. 182.—CROSS-SECTION OF TAIL OF HORSE CLOSE TO ANUS.
FIG. 183.—MUSCLES OF PERINEUM OF HORSE.
THE MUSCLES OF THE THORAX
FIG. 185.—DIAPHRAGM OF HORSE, ABDOMINAL SURFACE.
THE ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
I. THE MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE (Figs. 177, 178, 179, 186)
A. DORSAL DIVISION
FIRST LAYER
SECOND LAYER
2. =Rhomboideus.=—This consists of two portions:
B. VENTRAL DIVISION
2. =Superficial pectoral= (M. pectoralis superficialis).
II. THE MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER
A. EXTERNAL GROUP (Figs. 178, 179)
B. INTERNAL GROUP
FIG. 187.—MUSCLES OF THORACIC LIMB OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
III. THE MUSCLES OF THE ARM
FIG. 189.—DIGIT OF HORSE, POSTERIOR VIEW.
IV. FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM AND MANUS
A. EXTENSOR DIVISION
FIG. 192.—CROSS-SECTION OF MIDDLE OF RIGHT FOREARM OF HORSE.
B. FLEXOR DIVISION
FIG. 193.—DEEPER MUSCLES OF FOREARM OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 194.—CROSS-SECTION OF PROXIMAL PART OF LEFT CARPUS OF HORSE.
FIG. 198.—DIGIT OF HORSE, LATERAL VIEW.
METACARPAL MUSCLES
FASCIÆ AND MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
THE FASCIÆ
THE MUSCLES
I. THE SUBLUMBAR MUSCLES (Figs. 450, 456)
II. THE EXTERNAL MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND THIGH
FIG. 199.—MUSCLES OF PELVIC LIMB OF HORSE, POSTERO-EXTERNAL VIEW.
IV. THE INTERNAL MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
FIRST LAYER
SECOND LAYER
3. =Semimembranosus.=—Described on p. 280.
THIRD LAYER
III. ANTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
1. =Sartorius.=—This is described on p. 281.
IV. THE MUSCLES OF THE LEG AND FOOT
A. ANTERIOR GROUP
B. POSTERIOR GROUP
FIG. 203.—MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
MUSCLES OF THE METATARSUS AND DIGIT
THE MUSCLES OF THE OX
MUSCLES OF THE FACE
FIG. 207.—MUSCLES OF HEAD OF OX, LATERAL VIEW.
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
FIG. 208.—MUSCLES OF HEAD OF OX, DORSAL VIEW.
HYOID MUSCLES
FIG. 209.—MUSCLES OF HEAD OF OX, VENTRAL VIEW.
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
A. VENTRAL GROUP
FIG. 210.—SUPERFICIAL MUSCLES OF OX, AFTER REMOVAL OF PANNICULUS.
B. LATERAL GROUP
MUSCLES OF THE THORAX
MUSCLES OF THE BACK AND LOINS
MUSCLES OF THE TAIL
ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
FIG. 211.—DEEPER MUSCLES OF NECK, SHOULDER, AND THORAX OF OX.
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
I. MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE
II. MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER
III. MUSCLES OF THE ARM
FIG. 212.—MUSCLES OF ANTIBRACHIUM AND MANUS OF OX, ANTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 213.—MUSCLES OF ANTIBRACHIUM AND MANUS OF OX, EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 214.—MUSCLES OF ANTIBRACHIUM AND MANUS OF OX, INTERNAL VIEW.
IV. MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM
A. EXTENSOR DIVISION
B. FLEXOR DIVISION
METACARPAL MUSCLES
FIG. 217.—CROSS-SECTION OF DISTAL THIRD OF METACARPUS OF OX.
THE MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
I. THE SUBLUMBAR MUSCLES
II. EXTERNAL MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND THIGH
III. ANTERIOR MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
FIG. 219.—MUSCLES OF LEFT LEG AND FOOT OF OX, ANTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 220.—MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT OF OX, EXTERNAL VIEW.
IV. INTERNAL MUSCLES OF THE THIGH
V. MUSCLES OF THE LEG AND FOOT
FIG. 223.—MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT OF OX, INNER VIEW.
B. POSTERIOR GROUP
MUSCLES OF THE PIG
MUSCLES OF HEAD
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
MUSCLES OF THE THORAX
ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE BACK AND LOINS
MUSCLES OF THE TAIL
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER GIRDLE
MUSCLES OF THE SHOULDER
MUSCLES OF THE ARM
MUSCLES OF THE FOREARM AND DIGITS
MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
SUBLUMBAR MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE HIP AND THIGH
MUSCLES OF THE LEG AND FOOT
FIG. 228.—MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT OF PIG, ANTERO-EXTERNAL VIEW.
THE MUSCLES OF THE DOG
MUSCLES OF THE FACE
FIG. 229.—MUSCLES OF HEAD OF DOG
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
HYOID MUSCLES
MUSCLES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
FIG. 231.—VENTRAL MUSCLES OF HEAD, NECK, AND THORAX OF DOG.
FIG. 233.—MUSCLES OF ANTIBRACHIUM AND MANUS OF DOG, EXTERNAL VIEW.
FIG. 234.—VOLAR MUSCLES OF FORE PAW OF DOG.
MUSCLES OF THE NECK
MUSCLES OF THE THORAX
MUSCLES OF THE BACK AND LOINS
MUSCLES OF THE TAIL
MUSCLES OF THE ABDOMEN
MUSCLES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
FIG. 235.—MUSCLES OF TAIL, ANUS, AND GENITAL ORGANS OF DOG.
FIG. 236.—MUSCLES OF PELVIC LIMB OF DOG, INTERNAL VIEW.
The soleus is absent. (It is present and large in the cat.)
FIG. 237.—MUSCLES OF LEG AND FOOT OF DOG, EXTERNAL VIEW.
THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
1. Mouth.
2. Pharynx.
3. Œsophagus.
4. Stomach.
5. Small intestine.
6. Large intestine.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE HORSE
THE MOUTH
FIG. 239.—HARD PALATE AND PART OF SOFT PALATE OF HORSE.
THE TONGUE
FIG. 242.—MUSCLES OF TONGUE, HYOID BONE, PHARYNX, ETC., OF HORSE.
FIG. 243.—MUSCLES OF TONGUE, PHARYNX, LARYNX, ETC., DEEP DISSECTION.
THE TEETH
THE TEETH OF THE HORSE
THE PERMANENT TEETH
FIG. 244.—UPPER TEETH OF HORSE, ABOUT FOUR AND ONE-HALF YEARS OLD.
FIG. 245.—LOWER TEETH OF HORSE, FOUR YEARS OF AGE.
FIG. 247.—UPPER INCISOR AND CANINE TEETH OF HORSE, FIVE YEARS OLD.
FIG. 250.—CANINE AND INCISOR TEETH OF HORSE.
FIG. 251.—SKULL OF ADULT HORSE SCULPTURED TO EMBEDDED PARTS OF TEETH.
FIG. 252.—CROSS-SECTIONS OF CHEEK TEETH OF HORSE.
THE TEMPORARY TEETH
TEETH ERUPTION
THE SALIVARY GLANDS
THE PHARYNX
4. The =hyo-pharyngeus= may consist of two portions:
THE ŒSOPHAGUS
FIG. 255.—CROSS-SECTION OF HEAD OF HORSE.
THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY
THE PERITONEUM[89]
THE PELVIC CAVITY
THE STOMACH
THE SMALL INTESTINE
FIG. 263.—TOPOGRAPHY OF VISCERA OF HORSE, LEFT VIEW.
FIG. 264.—DIAGRAM OF SECTION OF DIVERTICULUM DUODENI OF HORSE.
THE LARGE INTESTINE
THE CÆCUM
FIG. 267.—TOPOGRAPHY OF VISCERA OF HORSE, RIGHT VIEW.
THE GREAT COLON
FIG. 268.—ILEO-CÆCAL ORIFICE OF HORSE.
FIG. 269.—ABDOMINAL VISCERA OF HORSE, VENTRAL VIEW.
FIG. 270.—TOPOGRAPHY OF VISCERA OF HORSE, RIGHT SIDE, DEEPER VIEW.
FIG. 271.—TOPOGRAPHY OF VISCERA OF HORSE, LEFT DEEP VIEW.
THE SMALL COLON
THE RECTUM
THE PANCREAS
FIG. 273.—PANCREAS OF HORSE WITH CHIEF RELATIONS, VENTRAL VIEW.
THE LIVER
FIG. 275.—LIVER OF HORSE, VISCERAL SURFACE.
THE SPLEEN
THE PERITONEUM
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE OX
THE MOUTH
FIG. 280.—ANTERIOR PART OF LOWER JAW OF OX.
FIG. 282.—CROSS-SECTION OF HEAD OF OX.
FIG. 283.—TONGUE OF OX, DORSAL ASPECT.
THE TONGUE
THE TEETH
FIG. 284.—INCISOR TEETH OF OX, LINGUAL ASPECT.
FIG. 285.—INCISOR TOOTH OF OX.
THE SALIVARY GLANDS
THE PHARYNX
FIG. 287.—SALIVARY GLANDS OF OX.
THE ŒSOPHAGUS
THE ABDOMINAL CAVITY
THE PELVIC CAVITY
THE STOMACH
EXTERIOR AND RELATIONS
FIG. 288.—PROJECTION OF VISCERA OF COW ON BODY-WALL, LEFT SIDE.
INTERIOR
FIG. 290.—RETICULUM OF OX, FROM PHOTOGRAPH.
FIG. 292.—STOMACH OF NEW-BORN CALF, RIGHT VIEW.
THE INTESTINE
FIG. 294.—PROJECTION OF VISCERA OF BULL ON BODY-WALL, RIGHT SIDE.
THE LIVER
THE PANCREAS
THE SPLEEN
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE SHEEP
FIG. 301.—STOMACH OF SHEEP, LEFT VIEW.
FIG. 302.—STOMACH OF SHEEP, RIGHT VIEW.
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE PIG
THE MOUTH
FIG. 307.—TONGUE OF PIG.
FIG. 309.—SUPERFICIAL GLANDS OF HEAD OF PIG.
FIG. 310.—DISSECTION OF MOUTH AND PHARYNGEAL REGION OF PIG.
FIG. 312.—STOMACH OF PIG, PARIETAL SURFACE.
FIG. 313.—STOMACH OF PIG, VISCERAL SURFACE.
THE PHARYNX
THE ŒSOPHAGUS
FIG. 317.—ABDOMINAL VISCERA OF YOUNG PIG, VENTRAL ASPECT.
FIG. 318.—DIAGRAM OF CÆCUM AND COLON OF PIG.
THE STOMACH
THE INTESTINE
FIG. 322.—LIVER OF PIG, VISCERAL SURFACE.
THE LIVER
FIG. 323.—LIVER OF PIG, PARIETAL SURFACE.
FIG. 324.—PROJECTION OF VISCERA OF PIG ON BODY-WALL, LEFT SIDE.
FIG. 325.—PROJECTION OF VISCERA OF PIG ON BODY-WALL, RIGHT SIDE.
THE PANCREAS
THE SPLEEN
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE DOG
THE MOUTH
THE TEETH
FIG. 328.—BASE OF SKULL OF COCKER SPANIEL.
FIG. 329.—DISSECTION OF HEAD OF DOG, SHOWING SALIVARY GLANDS, ETC.
THE SALIVARY GLANDS
FIG. 330.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF PHARYNGEAL AND LARYNGEAL REGIONS OF DOG.
THE PHARYNX
THE ŒSOPHAGUS
FIG. 331.—STOMACH OF DOG. PARIETAL SURFACE.
THE STOMACH
FIG. 332.—STOMACH OF DOG, VISCERAL SURFACE.
FIG. 335.—ABDOMINAL VISCERA OF DOG.
THE INTESTINE
FIG. 336.—DEEP DISSECTION OF ABDOMINAL VISCERA OF DOG (FEMALE).
FIG. 337.—CÆCUM OF DOG.
FIG. 338.—TERMINATION OF ILEUM OF DOG.
THE LIVER
FIG. 339.—LIVER OF DOG.
FIG. 341.—SPLEEN OF DOG, VISCERAL SURFACE.
THE PANCREAS
THE SPLEEN
THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE HORSE
THE NASAL CAVITY
FIG. 344.—NOSTRILS OF HORSE.
FIG. 345.—CROSS-SECTION OF NARIAL REGION OF HORSE.
FIG. 347.—NASAL CAVITY OF HORSE, SAGITTAL SECTION WITH SEPTUM REMOVED.
THE LARYNX
CARTILAGES OF THE LARYNX
JOINTS, LIGAMENTS, AND MEMBRANES OF THE LARYNX
MUSCLES OF THE LARYNX
A. EXTRINSIC MUSCLES
B. INTRINSIC MUSCLES
CAVITY OF THE LARYNX
FIG. 356.—SECTION OF LARYNX OF HORSE.
THE TRACHEA
FIG. 357.—CROSS-SECTION OF VENTRAL PART OF NECK OF HORSE.
THE BRONCHI
THE THORACIC CAVITY
THE PLEURÆ
FIG. 358.—CROSS-SECTION OF THE THORAX OF NEW-BORN FOAL.
FIG. 359.—CROSS-SECTION OF THORAX OF NEW-BORN FOAL.
THE LUNGS
FIG. 362.—LEFT LUNG OF HORSE, MEDIASTINAL AND DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACES.
FIG. 363.—RIGHT LUNG OF HORSE, MEDIASTINAL AND DIAPHRAGMATIC SURFACES.
THE THYROID GLAND
THE THYMUS GLAND
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE OX
THE NASAL CAVITY
FIG. 364.—MUZZLE OF OX.
THE LARYNX
THE TRACHEA
FIG. 365.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF HEAD OF COW.
THE BRONCHI
THE THORACIC CAVITY AND PLEURA
THE LUNGS
FIG. 367.—RIGHT LUNG OF OX, COSTAL SURFACE.
FIG. 368.—RIGHT LUNG OF OX, MEDIASTINAL ASPECT.
FIG. 369.—LUNGS AND HEART OF SHEEP, VENTRAL VIEW.
THE THYROID GLAND
FIG. 370.—RIGHT LUNG OF SHEEP, MEDIASTINAL ASPECT.
THE THYMUS GLAND
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE PIG
THE NASAL CAVITY
THE LARYNX
TRACHEA AND BRONCHI
THE LUNGS (Figs. 324, 325)
FIG. 371.—RIGHT LUNG OF PIG, MEDIASTINAL ASPECT.
THE THYROID GLAND
THE THYMUS
RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF THE DOG
THE NASAL CAVITY
FIG. 372.—NASAL CARTILAGES OF DOG.
THE LARYNX
FIG. 373.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF NASAL REGION OF DOG.
THE TRACHEA AND BRONCHI
THE LUNGS
THE THYROID GLAND
THE THYMUS
THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM
THE URINARY ORGANS
FIG. 374.—GENERAL DORSAL VIEW OF URINARY ORGANS OF HORSE.
THE URINARY ORGANS OF THE HORSE
THE KIDNEYS
FIG. 376.—KIDNEYS AND ADRENALS OF HORSE, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 377.—KIDNEYS AND ADRENALS OF HORSE, VENTRAL VIEW.
FIG. 378.—FRONTAL (HORIZONTAL) SECTION OF KIDNEY OF HORSE.
THE URETERS
THE URINARY BLADDER
THE ADRENAL BODIES
FIG. 381.—ADRENAL BODY OF HORSE; HORIZONTAL SECTION, REDUCED.
URINARY ORGANS OF THE OX
FIG. 382.—RIGHT KIDNEY OF OX, VENTRAL FACE.
FIG. 383.—FRONTAL SECTION OF KIDNEY OF OX.
FIG. 384.—KIDNEY OF SHEEP, VENTRAL VIEW.
FIG. 385.—KIDNEY OF SHEEP, HORIZONTAL SECTION.
THE ADRENAL BODIES
URINARY ORGANS OF THE PIG
URINARY ORGANS OF THE DOG
THE ADRENALS
THE MALE GENITAL ORGANS
MALE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE HORSE
THE TESTICLES
FIG. 390.—INGUINAL REGION OF STALLION, WITH TESTICLES EXPOSED.
FIG. 392.—RIGHT TESTICLE AND SPERMATIC CORD OF HORSE, EXPOSED.
THE SCROTUM
THE VAS DEFERENS
THE SPERMATIC CORD
THE TUNICA VAGINALIS
DESCENT OF THE TESTICLES
THE VESICULAE SEMINALES
FIG. 394.—INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS OF STALLION, DORSAL VIEW.
THE PROSTATE
THE UTERUS MASCULINUS
THE BULBO-URETHRAL GLANDS
THE PENIS
MUSCLES OF THE PENIS (Figs. 183, 451, 452, 456)
THE PREPUCE
FIG. 397.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF PREPUCE AND PART OF PENIS OF HORSE.
THE MALE URETHRA
MALE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE OX
FIG. 400.—INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS OF BULL; DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 402.—CROSS-SECTION OF PELVIC URETHRA OF BULL.
FIG. 403.—ANTERIOR PART OF PENIS OF RAM.
MALE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE PIG
FIG. 404.—GENITAL ORGANS OF BOAR.
MALE GENITAL ORGANS OF THE DOG
FIG. 406.—INTERNAL GENITAL ORGANS OF MALE DOG.
THE FEMALE GENITAL ORGANS
GENITAL ORGANS OF THE MARE
THE OVARIES
FIG. 408.—RIGHT OVARY OF MARE, WITH ADJACENT STRUCTURES.
THE UTERINE OR FALLOPIAN TUBES
THE UTERUS
FIG. 410.—GENITAL ORGANS OF MARE, DORSAL VIEW.
THE VAGINA
THE VULVA
THE FEMALE URETHRA
THE MAMMARY GLANDS
GENITAL ORGANS OF THE COW
FIG. 411.—OVARY OF COW.
FIG. 412.—UTERUS OF COW, CONTRACTED, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 413.—UTERINE COTYLEDON OF COW.
FIG. 414.—GENITAL ORGANS OF COW, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 416.—CROSS-SECTION OF MAMMARY GLANDS OF COW.
GENITAL ORGANS OF THE SOW
GENITAL ORGANS OF THE BITCH
FIG. 418.—GENITAL ORGANS OF BITCH.
ANGIOLOGY: THE VASCULAR SYSTEM
BLOOD-VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE HORSE
THE PERICARDIUM[155]
THE HEART
THE RIGHT ATRIUM
THE LEFT ATRIUM
THE RIGHT VENTRICLE
FIG. 423.—SECTION OF HEART OF HORSE.
THE LEFT VENTRICLE
FIG. 425.—THE BASES OF THE VENTRICLES OF THE HEART OF THE HORSE.
STRUCTURE OF THE HEART
THE ARTERIES
THE PULMONARY ARTERY
THE SYSTEMIC ARTERIES
FIG. 426.—CARDIAC VESSELS OF HORSE, RIGHT SIDE.
BRANCHES OF THE THORACIC AORTA
1. CORONARY ARTERIES
FIG. 427.—CARDIAC VESSELS OF HORSE, LEFT SIDE.
2. COMMON BRACHIOCEPHALIC TRUNK OR ANTERIOR AORTA
FIG. 429.—TOPOGRAPHY OF THORACIC CAVITY OF HORSE, RIGHT VIEW.
THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
FIG. 431.—VESSELS AND NERVES OF NECK OF HORSE.
THE OCCIPITAL ARTERY
FIG. 433.—DEEP DISSECTION OF NECK OF HORSE.
FIG. 434.—VESSELS AND NERVES OF BASE OF BRAIN OF HORSE.
THE INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY (Figs. 434, 436, 437)
THE EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY (Figs. 436, 437)
THE SUPERFICIAL TEMPORAL ARTERY
FIG. 437.—DEEP DISSECTION OF HEAD OF HORSE.
THE INTERNAL MAXILLARY ARTERY (Figs. 437, 438, 439)
FIG. 438.—RIGHT EYE OF HORSE.
FIG. 439.—LEFT EYE OF HORSE, DEEPER DISSECTION.
ARTERIES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
THE BRACHIAL ARTERY
FIG. 441.—DISSECTION OF SHOULDER AND ARM OF HORSE, INNER SURFACE.
THE POSTERIOR RADIAL ARTERY
1. =Articular branches= for the elbow joint.
FIG. 444.—DEEP DISSECTION OF RIGHT CARPUS OF HORSE, POSTERIOR VIEW.
FIG. 445.—CROSS-SECTION OF RIGHT CARPUS OF HORSE.
FIG. 446.—CROSS-SECTION OF MIDDLE OF RIGHT METACARPUS OF HORSE.
THE COMMON DIGITAL ARTERY
THE DIGITAL ARTERIES
BRANCHES OF THE THORACIC AORTA
BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA
FIG. 448.—PLAN OF BRANCHES OF CŒLIAC ARTERY OF HORSE.
THE INTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY
FIG. 452.—DISSECTION OF PERINEUM OF HORSE (MALE).
FIG. 453.—DISSECTION OF PERINEUM OF MARE.
FIG. 454.-CROSS-SECTION OF TAIL OF HORSE.
FIG. 456.—DEEP DISSECTION OF VENTRAL WALL OF PELVIS OF HORSE (MALE).
ARTERIES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
THE EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY (Figs. 450, 451)
THE FEMORAL ARTERY (Figs. 450, 451)
THE POPLITEAL ARTERY
POSTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
1. The =nutrient artery of the tibia= (A. nutritia tibiæ).
5. Small branches (internal calcaneal) to the inner aspect of the hock.
ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
THE GREAT METATARSAL ARTERY
THE VEINS[168]
PULMONARY VEINS
SYSTEMIC VEINS
THE VEINS OF THE HEART (Figs. 426, 427)
THE ANTERIOR VENA CAVA (Fig. 429)
THE VENA AZYGOS
VEINS OF THE HEAD AND NECK
JUGULAR VEINS
FIG. 463.—DEEPER VESSELS AND NERVES OF HEAD OF HORSE.
9. =Muscular=, =tracheal=, and =œsophageal= veins.
THE SINUSES OF THE DURA MATER
THE VEINS OF THE CRANIUM
SPINAL VEINS
VEINS OF THE THORACIC LIMB
FIG. 465.—SPINAL VESSELS OF HORSE.
THE POSTERIOR VENA CAVA (Figs. 270, 450)
THE PORTAL VEIN
THE COMMON ILIAC VEINS (Fig. 456)
1. The last =lumbar vein=.
THE INTERNAL ILIAC VEINS
THE VEINS OF THE PELVIC LIMB
4. =Muscular branches= which correspond to the arteries.
The Lymphatic System
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM OF THE HORSE
THE THORACIC DUCT (Figs. 428, 429)
THE RIGHT LYMPHATIC DUCT
THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE HEAD AND NECK
THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE THORAX
THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE ABDOMEN AND PELVIS
THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE THORACIC LIMB
THE LYMPH GLANDS AND VESSELS OF THE PELVIC LIMB
THE FŒTAL CIRCULATION
THE BLOOD-VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE OX
THE PERICARDIUM AND HEART
THE ARTERIES[179]
2. The =internal thoracic artery=.
THE COMMON CAROTID ARTERY
FIG. 468.—SCHEMA OF CHIEF ARTERIES OF HEAD OF COW.
1. The =occipital artery= is relatively small. It gives off:
FIG. 469.—FLOOR OF CRANIUM AND ANTERIOR PART OF VERTEBRAL CANAL OF OX.
ARTERIES OF THE THORACIC LIMB
2. The =deep brachial artery= is small.
BRANCHES OF THE THORACIC AORTA
BRANCHES OF THE ABDOMINAL AORTA
FIG. 472.—GASTRIC ARTERIES OF OX, RIGHT VIEW (PARTLY SCHEMATIC).
FIG. 473.—GASTRIC ARTERIES OF OX, LEFT VIEW (PARTLY SCHEMATIC).
FIG. 474.—PLAN OF BRANCHES OF ANTERIOR MESENTERIC ARTERY OF OX.
FIG. 475.—PELVIC ARTERIES OF COW.
ARTERIES OF THE PELVIC LIMB
THE VEINS[182]
THE LYMPH VESSELS AND GLANDS
FIG. 479.—INTESTINE OF OX, SPREAD OUT.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF THE PIG
THE HEART
THE ARTERIES
THE VEINS
THE LYMPH VESSELS AND GLANDS
FIG. 484.—STOMACH AND PART OF INTESTINE OF PIG, SPREAD OUT.
1. =Gastric lymph glands= on the lesser curvature of the stomach.
2. Several small =hepatic lymph glands= along the portal vein.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM OF THE DOG
THE PERICARDIUM AND HEART
THE ARTERIES
FIG. 485.—ARTERIES OF THORACIC CAVITY AND PART OF NECK OF DOG.
FIG. 486.—SUPERFICIAL VESSELS OF HEAD OF DOG.
FIG. 488.—ARTERIES OF FOREARM OF DOG, INNER VIEW.
FIG. 490.
FIG. 492.—ARTERIES OF PELVIC LIMB OF DOG, INTERNAL VIEW.
THE VEINS
THE LYMPH VESSELS AND GLANDS
NEUROLOGY
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
THE MENINGES
THE DURA MATER
THE ARACHNOIDEA
PIA MATER
NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE HORSE
THE SPINAL CORD
FIG. 496.—CAUDA EQUINA.
THE BRAIN
FIG. 498.—BRAIN OF HORSE, DORSAL VIEW, ABOUT ⁵⁄₇ NATURAL SIZE.
THE RHOMBENCEPHALON
THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA
FIG. 501.—BRAIN OF HORSE, LEFT LATERAL VIEW.
THE PONS
THE CEREBELLUM
THE FOURTH VENTRICLE
FIG. 504.—BRAIN STEM AND BASAL GANGLIA OF HORSE, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 505.—BRAIN STEM AND BASAL GANGLIA OF HORSE, RIGHT VIEW.
THE MESENCEPHALON
THE DIENCEPHALON
FIG. 506.—CROSS-SECTION OF BRAIN OF HORSE, NATURAL SIZE.
THE TELENCEPHALON
THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES
FIG. 508.—MEDIAN SECTION OF BRAIN OF HORSE.
FIG. 509.—MEDIO-VENTRAL ASPECT OF RIGHT CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE OF HORSE.
FIG. 510.—LATERAL VIEW OF CAST OF CAVITIES OF BRAIN OF HORSE.
FIG. 512.—CROSS-SECTION OF BRAIN OF HORSE, ABOUT NATURAL SIZE.
FIG. 513.—SAGITTAL SECTION OF BRAIN OF HORSE.
THE CRANIAL NERVES
THE FIRST OR OLFACTORY NERVE
THE SECOND OR OPTIC NERVE
THE THIRD OR OCULOMOTOR NERVE
THE FOURTH OR TROCHLEAR NERVE
THE FIFTH, TRIGEMINAL, OR TRIFACIAL NERVE
FIG. 514.—DISSECTION OF HEAD OF HORSE.
FIG. 516.—PART OF BRANCH OF LOWER JAW OF HORSE, INTERNAL VIEW.
THE SIXTH OR ABDUCENT NERVE
THE SEVENTH OR FACIAL NERVE
THE EIGHTH OR AUDITORY NERVE
THE NINTH OR GLOSSO-PHARYNGEAL NERVE
THE TENTH, VAGUS, OR PNEUMOGASTRIC NERVE
THE ELEVENTH OR SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE
THE TWELFTH OR HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE
THE SPINAL NERVES
THE CERVICAL NERVES
PHRENIC NERVE
THE BRACHIAL PLEXUS
SUPRASCAPULAR NERVE
MUSCULO-CUTANEOUS NERVE
AXILLARY NERVE
RADIAL NERVE
FIG. 520.—CUTANEOUS NERVES OF RIGHT FORE LIMB OF HORSE, EXTERNAL FACE.
ULNAR NERVE
MEDIAN NERVE
THE THORACIC NERVES
THE LUMBAR NERVES
LUMBO-SACRAL PLEXUS
FEMORAL NERVE
OBTURATOR NERVE
ANTERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE
POSTERIOR GLUTEAL NERVE
FIG. 526.—VESSELS AND NERVES OF PELVIC WALL OF HORSE.
GREAT SCIATIC NERVE
TIBIAL NERVE
FIG. 527.—CROSS-SECTION OF DISTAL THIRD OF LEFT LEG OF HORSE.
PLANTAR NERVES
SACRAL NERVES
COCCYGEAL NERVES
THE SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM[210]
THE ABDOMINAL AND PELVIC PLEXUSES
THE SOLAR PLEXUS
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE OX[214]
FIG. 528.—BRAIN OF COW, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 529.—CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES OF OX, DORSAL VIEW.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE PIG
FIG. 534.—CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES OF PIG, DORSAL VIEW.
THE NERVOUS SYSTEM OF THE DOG
FIG. 539.—BASE OF BRAIN OF DOG.
FIG. 540.—BRAIN STEM OF DOG, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 542.—CEREBRUM OF DOG, DORSAL VIEW.
FIG. 543.—FISSURES OF LATERAL SURFACE OF CEREBRUM OF DOG, RIGHT SIDE.
FIG. 544.—RIGHT CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE OF DOG, INNER SIDE.
FIG. 546.—NERVES OF FACE OF DOG. PAROTID GLAND IS REMOVED.
ÆSTHESIOLOGY
THE SENSE ORGANS AND COMMON INTEGUMENT
THE SENSE ORGANS AND SKIN OF THE HORSE
THE EYE
FIG. 551.—LEFT EYE OF HORSE.
THE EYELIDS AND CONJUNCTIVA
FIG. 553.—PIECE OF UPPER EYELID, INNER SURFACE.
FIG. 554.—CARTILAGE OF THIRD EYELID OF HORSE, CONVEX SURFACE.
THE LACRIMAL APPARATUS
THE PERIORBITA
THE ORBITAL FASCIÆ AND OCULAR MUSCLES (Figs. 438, 439, 555)
FIG. 555.—VERTICAL, AXIAL SECTION OF ORBIT OF HORSE.
THE EYEBALL
THE FIBROUS TUNIC
FIG. 557.—VERTICAL SECTION OF EYEBALL OF HORSE, ABOUT ³⁄₂.
FIG. 558.—TAPETUM OF HORSE.
THE VASCULAR TUNIC
FIG. 559.—VASCULAR TUNIC OF EYEBALL OF HORSE, FRONT VIEW.
THE RETINA
CHAMBERS OF THE EYE AND AQUEOUS HUMOR
REFRACTIVE MEDIA OF THE EYEBALL
THE EAR
THE EXTERNAL EAR
THE AURICULAR MUSCLES
FIG. 563.—EXTERNAL EAR OF HORSE AND ITS MUSCLES, LATERAL VIEW.
FIG. 564.—MUSCLES OF EXTERNAL EAR OF HORSE, VIEWED FROM ABOVE.
THE MIDDLE EAR
FIG. 565.—RIGHT PETROUS TEMPORAL BONE OF HORSE, ANTERO-INTERNAL VIEW.
THE EUSTACHIAN TUBE
THE GUTTURAL POUCHES
FIG. 569.—CROSS-SECTION OF HEAD OF HORSE.
THE INTERNAL EAR
THE OSSEOUS LABYRINTH
THE MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH
FIG. 570.—LEFT MEMBRANOUS LABYRINTH (ENLARGED).
FIG. 571.—SCHEMATIC SECTIONAL VIEW OF LABYRINTH (ENLARGED).
THE SKIN
THE APPENDAGES OF THE SKIN
THE SKIN OF THE HORSE
THE HOOF
FIG. 577.—HOOF OF HORSE, RIGHT FORE FOOT, GROUND SURFACE.
FIG. 578.—HORIZONTAL SECTION OF HOOF OF HORSE.
THE MATRIX OF THE HOOF
ORGAN OF SMELL
THE ORGAN OF TASTE
SENSE ORGANS AND SKIN OF THE OX
THE EYE
THE EAR
COMMON INTEGUMENT
SENSE ORGANS AND INTEGUMENT OF THE PIG
THE EYE
THE EAR
THE SKIN AND APPENDAGES
SENSE ORGANS AND INTEGUMENT OF THE DOG
THE EYE
THE EAR
THE SKIN AND APPENDAGES
FIG. 587.—PADS OF PAW OF DOG.
FIG. 588.—HALF OF CLAW OF DOG, INNER SURFACE.
OLFACTORY AND GUSTATORY ORGANS
INDEX
Abducent nerve, 683
Abduction of joints, 172
Accelerator urinæ, 499
Adduction of joints, 172
Aditus laryngis of horse, 447
Æquator lentis, 746
Æsthesiology, 734
Air-cells of lungs, 457
Alæ nasi, 436
Alimentary canal, 330
Alveus, 669
Amphiarthroses, 172
Amygdaloid nucleus, 676
Anastomosis of arteries, 524
Angiology, 524
Annulus tympanicus, 753
Ansate fissure of dog, 726
Antero-external angle of ischium, 95
Antero-internal angle of ischium, 95
Antibrachial artery of dog, 635
Anticlinal vertebræ of horse, 42
Antitragicus muscle, 751
Antitragus, 748
Antrum pylori, 358
Apex cæci, 364
Apical lobe of lungs of ox, 462, 463
Aponeuroses, 211
Appendages of skin, 762
Aqueous humor, 746
Arachnoid granulations, 647
Arciform ligaments, 182
Arrectores pilorum, 763
Arthrodia, 172
Articularis genu muscle of ox, 307
Articulatio carpi of horse, 183
Arytenoideus transversus muscle of larynx of horse, 446
Astragalo-calcaneal ligaments, 202
Astragalo-scaphoid ligaments, 202
Atlantal gland of ox, 623
Auricle of horse, 747
Azygos uvulæ, muscle of, 333
Back of pig, muscles of, 313
Ball-and-socket joint, 172
Bars of hoof, 764
Basi-cornual articulation, 180
Basihyoid bone, 64
Basis pedunculi, 664
Belly of muscle, 212
Bicuspid valve, 533
Bifurcation of trachea, 449
Bipennate muscle, 212
Biventer cervicis muscle of dog, 325
Blind sacs of rumen of ox, 392
Brachia conjunctiva, 661
Brachio-radialis muscle of dog, 322
Brachium pontis, 659
Brachycephalic breed of dogs, 159
Bristles of pig, 778
Broca’s parolfactory area, 671
Broncho-œsophageal artery, 565
Brush of ox, 775
Bulbo-urethral glands of dog, 506
Burdach’s column, 652
Bursal synovial membrane, 211
Calcaneo-cuboid ligaments, 202
Calcaneo-cunean ligaments, 202
Calcaneo-metatarsal ligament, 201
Calcaneo-scaphoid ligament, 202
Caliber of great colon of horse, 367
Callosal sulcus, 669
Camera oculi, 746
Canalis centralis, 650
Canthi of eye, 735
Capillaries, 524
Capped hock, 293
Capsular ligament, 170
Caput laterale tricipitis, 261
Cariniform cartilage, 46
Carnassial teeth of dog, 426
Cartilagines tracheales of horse, 450
Caruncle, lacrimal, 735
Cauda equina of horse, 648
Cavum tympani of pig, 778
Cement of teeth, 339
Center, tendinous, of diaphragm of horse, 243
Cerebello-olivary fasciculus, 658
Cerebellospinal fasciculus, 661
Ceruminous glands, 749
Cervicalis ascendens muscle, 225
Chambers of eye, 746
Chestnut, 771
Chevron bones of dog, 152
Chiasma opticum, 666
Choanæ, posterior, of horse, 68
Chondro-pharyngeus muscle of horse, 350
Chondro-sternal articulations of horse, 178
Chorda tympani, 683, 684
Chordæ tendineæ, 531, 533
Cilia, 735
Circulus arteriosus major, 744
Circumanal glands of dog, 432
Circumduction of joints, 171
Cistern, milk, of cow, 521
Cisternæ subarachnoidales, 646
Clarke’s column, 651
Claustrum, 675
Cleido-cervicalis muscle of dog, 320
Cleido-occipitalis muscle of pig, 314
Cleido-transversarius muscle of horse, 252
Cochlear nerve, 686, 761
Cœliaco-mesenteric ganglia, 714
Columna grisea of cord, 650
Columnæ fornicis, 673
Comma-shaped tract, 652
Common bile-duct of sheep, 410
Communicating artery, posterior, 546
Compact substance of bone, 20
Compressor coccygis muscle of horse, 238
Concha of pig, 778
Conchal cartilage, 748
Conjugal ligament of horse, 177
Conjunctival sac, 736
Conus arteriosus of horse, 530
Coraco-radialis muscle of horse, 259
Cores, horn-, of ox, 118
Corrugator supercilii muscle of horse, 218
Cortex of thymus gland of horse, 458
Corticopontile fibers, 660
Costo-central articulations of horse, 177
Costo-chondral articulations of horse, 178
Costo-sternal ligament, superior, of horse, 178
Costo-transverse articulations of horse, 177
Costo-vertebral articulations of horse, 177
Cotyledons, uterine, of cow, 518
Cotyloid ligament of horse, 192
Coxal angle of ilium of horse, 94
Cranio-facial index of dog, 159
Cremasteric artery, 578
Cribriform plate of ethmoidf horse, 52
Crico-arytenoid joints of horse, 444
Crico-arytenoideus lateralis muscle of horse, 445, 446
Crico-pharyngeus muscle of horse, 350
Crico-thyroideus muscle of horse, 445
Crico-tracheal membrane of horse, 445
Crown of tooth, 339
Crureus muscle of horse, 286
Crystalline lens, 746
Cuboido-cunean ligaments of horse, 202
Cuboido-scaphoid ligament of horse, 202
Cuneate tubercle of pig, 720
Cuneiform cartilage of larynx of dog, 467
Cupola, 759
Curvator coccygis muscle of horse, 239
Cuticular ridge of stomach, 360
Cystic duct of ox, 403
Dartos of scrotum of horse, 488
Decussatio lemniscorum, 658
Deferential fold of testicles, 491
Dentine, 339
Descemet, membrane of, 742
Descent of testicles, 490
Descriptive terms, 18
Diaphragma sellæ, 646
Diarthroses, 170
Diencephalon, 664
Diploë, 21
Diploic veins, 593
Dolichocephalic breed of dogs, 159
Dorso-intercostal artery, 538
Dorso-scapular ligament of horse, 235
Dorsum of tongue of horse, 335
Ectolateral fissure of dog, 727
Ectosylvian fissure of dog, 726
Ectoturbinals of ethmoid of horse, 52
Eighth nerve, 686
Ejaculatory ducts, 488, 492, 499
Elastic membrane of trachea, 449
Eleventh nerve, 690
Embryology, 17
Eminence, frontal, of ox, 118
Emissary veins, 591
Enamel of teeth, 339
Enarthrosis, 172
Encephalon of horse, 652
End-arteries, 524
End-brain, 667
Endocardium, 530, 534
Endothoracic fascia, 450
Endoturbinals of ethmoid, 52
Ensiform cartilage, 46
Epicardium, 525, 534
Epidural space, 646
Epigastric zone of horse, 353
Epihyoids of horse, 65
Epiphyseal cartilage, 22
Epiphysis, 665
Equator of eye, 740
Erectile tissue of urethra, 499
Ergot, 771
Esophageal membrane, 360
Ethmo-turbinals, 52
Excavatio pupillæ nervi optici, 745
Excretory ducts, 737
Exoskeleton, 19
Extension of joints, 171
Facies articulares arytænoideæ, 441
Falciform ligament, 374
Falx cerebri, 645
Faucial tonsil, 333
Femoro-tibial articulation, 196
Ferrein’s pyramid, 473
Fetlock joint, 185, 764
Filiform papillæ of tongue of horse, 336
Fixed vertebræ, 24
Flat muscles, 211
Flexion of joints, 171
Floating ribs, 25
Floccular fossa of temporal bone of dog, 156
Floor of mouth of horse, 334
Folia cerebelli, 661
Foliate papillæ of tongue, 336
Foramina papilloma of kidney of ox, 480
Forefoot, bones of, 28
Foretop, 764
Formatio reticularis, 651, 660
Frænula labii of horse, 331
Frog-stay, 767
Frontalis muscle of ox, 295
Fronto-lacrimal sutures of horse, 55
Fronto-maxillary opening of horse, 73
Fronto-scutularis, 749
Fundus glands of stomach of horse, 360
Fungiform papillæ of tongue of horse, 336
Furca ungulæ, 767
Gartner, canals of, of vagina of cow, 519
Gasserian ganglion, 678
Gastro-colic omentum of horse, 358
Gastro-duodenal artery, 569
Gastro-duodenal vein, 597
Gastro-epiploic artery, 569, 570
Gastro-pancreatic fold of horse, 358
Gastro-phrenic ligament of horse, 358
Genio-glossus muscle of horse, 338
Genio-hyoideus muscle of ox, 298
Genito-hyoideus muscle of horse, 223
Genu of corpus callosum, 672
Germinal epithelium of ovary of mare, 510
Ginglymus, 172
Glasserian fissure of horse, 57
Glomerulus of kidney of horse, 474
Glosso-pharyngeal nerve, 686
Gluteo-biceps muscle of horse, 278
Goll’s column, 652
Gomphosis, 169
Graafian follicles of mare, 510
Granula iridis, 744
Gross anatomy, 17
Gubernaculum testis of horse, 491
Gudden’s commissure, 666
Gums of horse, 332
Hæmolymph glands, 600
Hair, gustatory, 772
Hair-follicle, 762
Hamulus of horse, 61
Hard palate of sheep, 405
Harder’s gland, 777
Heels, 764
Helicis muscle, 752
Helicotrema, 759
Henle, glands of, 736
Hepato-renal ligament of horse, 375
Hinge-joint, 172
Hippocampal commissure, 670
Hippocampus, 669
Histology, 17
Horn-cores of ox, 118
Horner’s muscle, 736
Humeralis obliquus muscle of horse, 260
Humor, aqueous, 746
Humor, vitreous, 746
Hymen of mare, 514
Hyo-epiglottic ligament, 444
Hyo-epiglotticus muscle, 445
Hyo-glossus muscle, 338
Hyoidean articulations, 180
Hyo-pharyngeus muscle, 350
Hyo-thyreoideus muscle, 445
Hyperdactylism, 29
Hypophyseal fossa of horse, 50
Hypophysis, 653, 665
Ileal artery, 570
Ileo-cæco-colic artery of ox, 617
Ileum, 361
Iliohypogastric nerve of horse, 704
Ilio-inguinal nerve of horse, 704
Ilio-pectineal line of horse, 93
Ilio-psoas muscle of horse, 275
Ilio-pectineal eminence of pubis, 95
Impression, cardiac, of lungs, 454
Incisive foramen, 59
Incus, 754
Infraspinous fossa, 75
Infratemporal fossa, 68
Infundibular recess, 667
Inscriptiones tendineæ of rectus abdominis of horse, 248
Insertion of muscles, 212
Interbrain, 664
Intercentral articulations of vertebræ, 173
Interchondral ligaments, 178
Intercornual articulation of horse, 180
Interdental space of horse, 58
Interdigital ligaments, inferiorm of ox, 208
Interneural articulations of vertebræ, 173
Interpeduncular space, 664
Intersesamoidean ligament, 187
Interspinous ligaments of horse, 175, 176
Interstitial tissue of mammaryglands, 516
Intertubercular groove of humerus, 79
Intestinal arteries, 570
Intraarticular ligaments, 171
Iris of dog, 779
Ischio-coccygeus muscle, 238
Ischio-femoralis muscle, 283
Ischio-urethral muscles of horse, 499
Jacobson’s organ of horse, 440
Jejuno-ileum, 361
Jejunum, 361
Jugulomandibularis muscle, 222
Kerato-hyoids of horse, 65
Kerato-pharyngeus muscle of horse, 350
Lacus lacrimalis, 735
Laminar matrix, 769
Lateralis sterni muscle of horse, 242
Lens, crystalline, 746
Lenticular nucleus, 675
Limbus palpebralis, 735
Linea alba, 246
Lingula, 660
Liver of sheep, 409
Lobular bronchioles, 457
Lobus piriformis, 672
Locus perforatus posticus, 664
Lower, tubercle of, 530
Lumbo-dorsal fascia, 235
Luys’s body, 665
Lymphocytes, 599, 600
Lyssa of dog, 424
Macroscopic anatomy, 17
Maculæ acusticæ, 760
Malleus, 754
Mane, 764
Mantle, brain, 668
Manus of horse, muscles of, 262
Marrow of bone, 21
Maxillo-turbinal bone, 62
Meissner, plexus of, 714
Membranous labyrinth, 759
Meninges, 645
Meniscus, 171
Mentalis muscle, 216
Mentum of horse, 331
Meridians of eye, 740
Mesaticephalic breed of dogs, 159
Mesencephalon, 663
Mesethmoid of ethmoid of horse, 52
Mesocolon of dog, 432
Mesoduodenum, 361
Mesogastric zone of horse, 353
Mesorchium, 489, 490
Mesorectum, 355, 370
Mesosternum, 26
Mesotendon, 212
Mesovarium of mare, 509
Metasternum, 26
Meynert’s commissure, 666
Microscopic anatomy, 17
Mid-brain, 663
Mitral valve of horse, 533
Modiolus, 759
Molar glands of ox, 383
Molars, 338, 342
Monakow’s rubrospinal tract, 652
Morphology, 17
Movements of joint, 171
Müller, muscle of, 736
Muscularis mucosæ of small intestine, 362
Myenteric plexus, 714
Myocardium, 534
Myology, 211
Naso-labial glands of ox, 775
Naso-palatine canal of ox, 384
Naso-turbinal bones, 62
Nerve-cells, 644
Nerve-plexus, 645
Neuroglia, 644
Neurology, 644
Neurone, 644
Ninth nerve, 686
Nippers, 339
Nipple of mammary gland of mare, 516
Nodulus, 660
Nuclei of origin of nerves, 644
Nucleocerebellar fasciculus, 661
Obex, 663
Œdema glottidis of horse, 448
Olivocerebellar fibers, 661
Omaso-abomasal artery of ox, 615
Omaso-abomasal orifice of ox, 396
Omental cavity of horse, 380
Ora serrata, 745
Orbicular muscles, 211
Orbit of horse, 67
Ossa cordis of ox, 609
Osseous labyrinth, 758
Ossicles, auditory, 754
Osteoblasts, 22
Osteoclasts, 22
Osteogenesis, 22
Osteology, 19
Outlet of pelvis, 97, 354
Ova of mare, 510
Oval notch of horse, 51
Overextended joints, 171
Overshot dog, 425
Pacchionian bodies, 647
Pad, dental, of ox, 384
Pads of dog, 780
Palato-labial artery, 555
Palato-pharyngeus muscle, 349
Pallium, 668
Palmar metacarpal artery, 563
Pampiniform plexus of testicles of horse, 487
Pancreatico-duodenal artery, 569
Paramastoid process, 48, 68, 69
Paramero-biceps muscle, 278
Paranasal sinuses of horse, 72
Parapharyngeal lymph gland of ox, 623
Parieto-frontal suture, 54, 55
Parieto-occipital suture, 54
Parolfactory area, 671
Patellar ligaments, 195, 196
Pathetic foramen, 67
Periarticular ligaments, 171
Pericardiac pleura, 452
Perichorioid space, 742
Perioplic matrix, 769
Periorbita of horse, 738
Periosteal artery, 21
Peritoneal ring of horse, 490
Permanent teeth of horse, 340
Petro-basilar canal of temporal bone of dog, 156
Petro-tympanic fissure, 57
Peyer’s patches of pig, 419
Phacoid bone of cat, 164
Philosophical anatomy, 17
Philtrum of horse, 331
Pia mater, 647
Pilomotor fibers, 711
Pinchers, 339
Pinna of horse, 747
Pivot joint, 172
Plate, dental, of ox, 384
Plexus, volar, 595
Pneumogastric nerve, 687
Point of hock, 106
Polus lentis, 747
Polymastia of cow, 520
Polythelia of cow, 520
Postero-external angle of ischium of horse, 95
Poupart’s ligament, 246
Premaxillary region, 66
Premolars, 338, 342
Prenasal bone of pig, 143
Preorbital region of horse, 68
Preplantar artery, 564
Presternum, 26
Prevertebral artery, 545
Projection fibers, 676
Prominentia laryngea, 442
Promontory, 753
Protractor muscles of prepuce of ox, 503
Psoas tubercle of horse, 93
Pterygo-pharyngeus muscle of horse, 349
Pubo-femoral ligament of horse, 193, 250
Puncta lacrimalia of horse, 737
Pupillary border of iris, 744
Quarters, 764
Radialis volaris muscle of dog, 323
Radiate ligament of horse, 177
Radiatio corporis callosi, 672
Radii lentis, 747
Radio-ulnar articulation, 182
Radix pulmonalis of horse, 456
Ramus communicans, 693
Receptaculum chyli, 600
Recess, pharyngeal, 350
Recto-genital pouch, 356
Recto-vesical pouch, 356
Rectus abdominis internus muscle of pig, 313
Recurrent laryngeal nerve, 689
Red nucleus, 665
Regio olfactoria of horse, 440
Retia vasculosa, 524
Reticular artery of ox, 615
Reticulo-omasal orifice of ox, 394
Retrossal process of third phalanx, 91
Rhinencephalon, 670
Rhombencephalon, 655
Ring or rings, fibrous, of heart of horse, 534
Ring-like muscles, 211
Rostri of pig, 143
Rostrum suis, 464
Rotation of joints, 172
Rotator muscle, 751
Rugæ palatini of horse, 332
Ruminal artery of ox, 615
Sacculations of cæcum, 364
Saccus cæcus of horse, 357
Sacro-pubic diameter of pelvis of horse, 97
Sacro-sciatic ligament, 190
Santorini’s duct, 373
Satellite vein, 524
Scansorius muscle of horse, 278
Scapha of auricle, 747
Scaphoido-cunean ligaments of horse, 202
Scapular cartilage of horse, 75
Scapulo-humeral portion of panniculus, 255
Scapulo-humeralis posticus muscle, 258
Scapulo-ulnaris muscle, 260
Schütz, longitudinal bundle of, 692
Scutiform cartilage, 748
Sebum cutaneum, 762
Sectorial teeth of dog, 426
Segments of spinal cord, 648
Sella turcica of horse, 71
Seminiferous tubules of testicles of horse, 486
Serous layer of pericardium, 525
Seventh nerve, 684
Sexual differences of pelvis of horse, 97
Shaft of hair, 763
Sidebone of horse, 91
Sixth nerve, 683
Skeletal muscle, 211
Smegma præputii of horse, 497
Smell, organ of, of horse, 772
Snout of pig, 464
Solar plexus, 713
Spatium perichorioideale, 742
Special anatomy, 17
Spheno-frontal suture, 55
Spheno-occipital crest, 51
Spheno-squamous suture, 56
Splanchnic nerve, 713
Splenium, 672
Spongy substance of bone, 21
Spur vein, 593
Stapedial nerve, 684
Stapedius, 755
Stapes, 754
Staphyline artery, 555
Sterno-mandibularis muscle, 225
Sterno-maxillaris muscle, 225
Sterno-thyroideus et sterno-hyoideus muscle, 226
Stop of face of dog, 160
Striated muscle, 211
Stylo-glossus muscle, 337
Stylohyoids of horse, 65
Stylo-maxillaris muscle, 222
Stylo-pharyngeus muscle, 349
Subcallosal gyrus, 671
Subcutaneous bursæ, 761
Subcutis, 761
Subdural space, 646
Subiliac lymph glands, 606
Sublimbic fissure, 669
Submental artery, 549
Submucous plexus, 714
Subperitoneal ring, 490
Subpubic groove of horse, 95
Subscapulo-hyoideus muscle of horse, 226
Subtarsal ligament, 200
Sudoriferous glands, 762
Supra-atloid bursa, 174
Suprarenal glands, 477
Supraspinatus muscle of dog, 321
Suprasplenial fissure of dog, 727
Supratrochlear foramen of humerus of dog, 163
Sustentaculum tali of fibular tarsal bone, 106
Synchondroses of skull, 180
Synchondrosis, 169
Synovia, 170
Systematic anatomy, 17, 18
Systemic arteries, 524
Tactile hairs, 763
Tegmentum, 664
Telencephalon, 667
Temporary teeth of horse, 346
Temporo-hyoid articulation, 180
Tendinous center of diaphragm of horse, 243
Tendo femorotarseus muscle of horse, 289
Tendons, 211
Tenon, capsule of, 738
Tenth nerve, 687
Tentorial area, 668
Thalamocortical fibers, 661
Thalamus, optic, 664
Theca folliculi of mare, 510
Thoracico-dorsal artery, 556
Thyro-arytenoid ligament, 444
Thyro-arytenoideus muscle of horse, 446
Thyro-epiglottic ligament, 444
Thyro-hyoid joints, 444
Thyro-hyoideus muscle, 445
Thyrohyoids of horse, 65
Thyro-laryngeal artery, 543
Thyro-pharyngeus muscle, 350
Tibia, 29
Toe of horse, 764
Topographic anatomy, 17, 18
Tractus centralis of thymus gland, 458
Tragicus muscle, 751
Triangularis sterni muscle, 242
Trifacial nerve of horse, 677
Trigeminal nerve of horse, 677
Trochoid, 172
Truncus bicaroticus, 541
Twelfth nerve, 692
Udder of cow, 519
Undershot dog, 425
Ungual phalanx of horse, 90
Unipennate muscle, 212
Unstriped muscle, 211
Uriniferous tubules, 474
Uvula of pig, 411
Vallate papillæ of tongue, 336
Vallecula of Sylvius, 667
Valvula foraminis ovalis, 607
Valvular fold of cæcum, 365
Venæ vorticosæ, 745
Venter of scapula of horse, 75
Ventricular ligament of larynx of horse, 444
Ventricularis et vocalis muscle of horse, 446
Vertex corneæ, 741
Vertical septum of metacarpus of ox, 130
Vesical artery, 574
Vesico-genital pouch, 356
Vesico-prostatic artery, 574
Vestibule of ear, 758
Veterinary anatomy, 17
Vibrissæ, 763
Villi of articulations, 170
Vocalis muscle of horse, 446
Vortex cordis of horse, 534
V-shaped ligament, 188
Vulvar cleft of mare, 514
Wall of horse’s hoof, 764
Wirsung’s duct of horse, 372
Wool, 777
Y-shaped ligament, 188
Zygomatic process of temporal bone, 56
TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
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