_Ca_, Cæcum; _C_, colon; _D_, duodenum; _H_, ileum; _J_, jejunum; _R_,
rectum; _m_, mesenteric lymph glands. (After Edelmann.)
]
The =internal iliac lymph glands= comprise a group of five or six at the
termination of the aorta and the origin of the vena cava. A discoid
gland, two inches or more in diameter, occurs near the side of the
pelvic inlet at the angle of divergence of the circumflex iliac artery
from the external iliac. A small gland is sometimes found at the origin
of the prepubic artery.
The =external iliac lymph glands= number commonly two on either side,
and are situated near the point of the hip in front of the anterior
branch of the circumflex iliac artery.
The =superficial inguinal lymph glands= are situated centrally below the
prepubic tendon and in the narrow space between the origins of the
graciles. In the male there are usually two or three on either side of
the penis behind the sigmoid flexure. In the cow they are
=supramammary=, _i. e._, are situated above the posterior margin of the
base of the udder; two large glands which are in apposition with each
other medially are constant, and above these there are often two smaller
glands.
An =ischiatic lymph gland=, which is discoid and usually about an inch
in diameter, is situated on the lower part of the sacro-sciatic ligament
near the lesser sciatic notch under cover of the biceps femoris.
An =anal lymph gland= is situated on the retractor ani on either side.
The =gastric lymph glands= are numerous and comprise: (1) a chain along
the course of the right ruminal artery and two or three in the left
groove of the rumen; (2) several on the reticulum above and below the
junction with the omasum; (3) a series along the course of the superior
omasal vessels and the lesser curvature of the abomasum; (4) an
extensive chain along the ventral face of the omasum and the great
curvature of the abomasum at the attachment of the great omentum.
Two or three large =hepatic= or =portal lymph glands= are found at the
upper part of the portal fissure of the liver.
No lymph glands occur at the hilus of the spleen. The efferent vessels
from the spleen appear to go to glands along the course of the cœliac
artery.
A large discoid =cœliac lymph gland= lies on the pancreas and the cœliac
artery, covering the latter as it gives off its primary branches.
The =mesenteric lymph glands= are large and numerous. They form a chain
in the lower part of the mesentery along the course of the great
mesenteric artery. They are chiefly elongated and narrow, and some have
a length of six to eight inches (15 to 20 cm.) or more. Sometimes
several unite and form a narrow band about two feet in length. A large
gland occurs at the origin of the spiral part of the colon, a group is
found near the anterior mesenteric trunk, and others are scattered along
the coils of the colon, which are best seen on the right side. A chain
of small lymph glands extends along the terminal part of the colon and
the dorsal face of the rectum.
The =precrural lymph gland= is situated on the aponeurosis of the
external oblique at the anterior border of the tensor fasciæ latæ a
short distance above the stifle. It is elongated like the prescapular
gland and may be six inches (ca. 15 cm.) long. Several subcutaneous
hæmolymph glands occur in this vicinity; others are situated further
forward on the flank not far from the last rib. There is usually a
round, flattened lymph gland about an inch in diameter on the upper part
of the quadriceps femoris under cover of the tensor fasciæ latæ, and one
or more small ones occur on the surface of the latter muscle.
No =deep inguinal lymph glands= are present.
A single =popliteal lymph gland= an inch or more in length is situated
somewhat lower down on the gastrocnemius than in the horse, behind the
tibial and peroneal nerves.