(1) The =pharyngeal artery=, which, however, may arise from the external
carotid.
(2) Several branches to the muscles (chiefly the flexors) and to the
atlanto-occipital joint.
(3) The =condyloid artery= passes into the cranium through the anterior
foramen in the condyloid fossa, and joins the vertebral in the formation
of the rete mirabile about the pituitary gland. Before entering the
cranium it gives off a branch to the pharyngeal lymph glands, and the
middle meningeal artery; the latter passes through the foramen lacerum.
Another branch enters the temporal canal and gives twigs to the
temporalis muscle and the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus. A
muscular branch emerges from the intervertebral foramen of the atlas. A
diploic branch goes into the occipital condyle and squama, and emits
twigs to the occipital muscles.
[Illustration: