The dental formula of the ox is:
( 0 0 3 3 )
2 ( I - C - P - M - ) = 32
( 4 0 3 3 )
The =incisors= are absent from the upper jaw. There are eight incisors
in the lower jaw, arranged in a somewhat fan-like manner. They are
simple teeth, without infundibulum. The crown is white, short, and
shovel-shaped. The root is rounded, and is embedded in the jaw in such a
manner as to allow a considerable degree of movement. There is a
distinct =neck=. In addition to the simple numerical designation, the
following terms are commonly applied to the individual teeth: pinchers
or central, first intermediate, second intermediate, and corner
incisors. It is probable that the latter are much modified canines. The
incisors of the ox do not advance out of the alveoli, as is the case in
the horse; in old age, however, the gum retracts so that the roots are
partly exposed and may come into wear.[106]
[Illustration: