Maxims and
章节目录
共 328 题- MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE BOILER ROOM.
- MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE BOILER ROOM.
- N. HAWKINS, M. E.,
- GEORGE STEPHENSON.
- ROBERT FULTON.]
- CONTENTS.
- INTRODUCTION.
- MATERIALS.
- MATERIALS.
- COAL.
- WOOD.
- PEAT.
- TAN.
- STRAW.
- COKE, CHARCOAL, PEAT CHARCOAL.
- LIQUID AND GAS FUELS.
- AIR.
- TABLE OF EVAPORATION.
- FIRE IRONS.
- HANDY TOOLS.
- THE TOOL BOX.
- THE FIRING OF STEAM BOILERS.
- 3. The cleaning out after it has been worked for some time.
- DIRECTIONS FOR FIRING WITH VARIOUS FUELS.
- FIRING WITH COKE.
- FIRING A LOCOMOTIVE.
- POINTS RELATING TO FIRING.
- In a summary of experiments made in England, it is stated that:—
- FOAMING IN BOILERS.
- A CHAPTER OF DON’TS.
- 1. =_Don’t_= empty the boiler when the brick work is hot.
- 2. =_Don’t_= pump cold water into a hot boiler.
- 6. =_Don’t_= forget that negligence causes great loss and danger.
- 8. =_Don’t_= read newspapers when on duty.
- 9. =_Don’t_= fire up too quickly.
- 11. =_Don’t_= let any dampness get into the boiler and pipe coverings.
- 14. =_Don’t_= let any one talk to you when firing.
- 15. =_Don’t_= allow water to remain on the floor about the boiler.
- 22. =_Don’t_= fail to notice that the steam gauge is in order.
- 36. =_Don’t_= fail to keep yourself neat and tidy.
- 37. =_Don’t_= fail to be polite as well as neat and brave.
- 39. =_Don’t_= let too many ashes gather in the ash-pit.
- STEAM GENERATORS.
- DESCRIPTION.
- AN UPRIGHT STEAM BOILER.
- THE GROWTH OF THE STEAM BOILER.
- This led to the production and adoption of the—
- NOTE.
- MARINE BOILERS.
- THE MARINE STEAM BOILER
- THE SURFACE CONDENSER.
- OPERATION OF THE CONDENSER.
- WATER TUBE STEAM BOILERS.
- 7. Quick steaming.
- 8. Accessibility for cleaning.
- 9. Ease of handling and erecting.
- 10. Economy and speediness of repairs.
- The known disadvantages of these boilers are
- CARE OF WATER TUBE BOILERS.
- SECTIONAL BOILERS.
- NOTE.
- LOCOMOTIVE BOILERS.
- DESCRIPTION OF PAGE ILLUSTRATION.
- STANDARD HORIZONTAL TUBULAR STEAM BOILER.
- TABLE OF SIZES, PROPORTIONS, ETC.:
- NOTE.
- THE FLUE BOILER.
- THE HORIZONTAL TUBULAR STEAM BOILER.
- 1. The cylindrical form is the strongest.
- 2. It is the cheapest.
- 3. It permits the use of thinner metal.
- 4. It is the safest.
- 5. It is inspected without difficulty.
- 6. It is most symmetrical.
- 7. It is manufactured easier.
- 8. It resists internal strain better.
- 9. It resists external strain also.
- 10. It can be stayed or strengthened better.
- 11. It encloses the greatest volume with least material.
- 12. It is the result of many years’ experience in boiler practice.
- 13. It is the form adopted or preferred by all experienced engineers.
- PARTS OF THE TUBULAR BOILER.
- THE TRIPLE DRAUGHT TUBULAR BOILER.
- 3. In this system the tubes are almost equally operative.
- SPECIFICATION FOR 125 HORSE POWER BOILER.
- MARKS ON BOILER PLATES.
- CONSTRUCTION OF BOILERS.
- QUALITY OF STEEL PLATES.
- NICKEL STEEL BOILER PLATES.
- RIVETING.
- DIFFERENT MODES OF RIVETING.
- STEEL RIVETS.
- BRACING OF STEAM BOILERS.
- RULE FOR FINDING PRESSURE OR STRAIN ON BOLTS.
- EXAMPLE.
- 5 × 5 = 25 × 80 = 2,000 lbs. borne by 1 stay.
- NOTE.
- GUSSET STAYS.
- RIVETED OR SCREW STAYS.
- DIAMETER OF BRACE.
- DIMENSIONS AND SHAPE OF ANGLE AND T IRON.
- RULES AND TABLES
- 1. _Find the area of the boiler head in square inches._
- 3. _Subtract 2 from 1, and divide the remainder by 144._
- 4. _Multiply the quotient by the length of the boiler in feet._
- TABLE NO. 1. TOTAL AREA ABOVE TUBES OR FLUES.
- TABLE 2. AREAS TO BE BRACED. (SQUARE INCHES.)
- TABLE 3. NUMBER OF BRACES REQUIRED, AT 100 LBS. PRESSURE.
- BOILER TUBES.
- TABLE.
- NOTE.
- TABLE OF HOLDING POWER OF BOILER TUBES.
- NOTE.
- PORTIONS OF THE MARINE BOILER WHICH BECOME THIN BY WEAR.
- EXAMPLES OF CONSTRUCTION AND DRAWING
- EXAMPLE.
- RULE FOR SAFE INTERNAL PRESSURE
- EXAMPLE.
- TABLES SAFE INTERNAL PRESSURE.
- DEFINITION OF TERMS.
- BOILER REPAIRS.
- REPAIRING CRACKS.
- DEFECTS AND NECESSARY REPAIRS.
- NOTE.
- QUESTIONS
- QUESTIONS
- THE INSPECTION OF STEAM BOILERS.
- HOW TO PREPARE FOR STEAM-BOILER INSPECTION.
- 1. Haul fires and all ashes from furnaces and ash pits.
- 4. Keep safety-valves and gauge-cocks open.
- ISSUING CERTIFICATES.
- THE HYDRAULIC TEST.
- ENGINEERS’ EXAMINATIONS.
- MECHANICAL STOKERS.
- CHEMICAL TERMS
- AND EXPLANATIONS RELATING TO FEED WATERS.
- NOTE.
- ANALYSIS OF FEED WATER.
- DIRECTIONS.
- CORROSION AND INCRUSTATION OF STEAM BOILERS.
- PRELIMINARY PRECIPITATION OF WATER.
- A PRECIPITATOR FOR SEA WATER.
- I. Filtration of condensed water through a coke column.
- II. Free use of the scum cocks.
- SCALE DEPOSITED IN MARINE BOILERS.
- ANALYSIS OF AVERAGE BOILER SCALE.
- A LOCOMOTIVE-BOILER COMPOUND.
- ENGINEERS’ TESTS
- FOR IMPURITIES IN FEED WATER.
- NOTE.
- USE OF PETROLEUM OIL IN BOILERS.
- KEROSENE OIL IN BOILERS.
- MECHANICAL BOILER CLEANERS.
- SCUMMING APPARATUS.
- USE OF ZINC IN MARINE BOILERS.
- TABLE
- BOILER FIXTURES AND BELONGINGS.
- BOILER FRONTS.
- 1. The flush front is shown in Fig. 72.
- 2. The overhanging front as seen in Fig. 73.
- 3. The cutaway front, Fig. 74.
- 4. Fronts with breaching as shown in Fig. 75.
- FURNACE DOORS.
- FUSIBLE PLUGS.
- Fig. 80.]
- GRATE BARS.
- WATER GAUGE COCKS.
- GLASS GAUGES.
- THE MUD DRUM.
- BAFFLE PLATES.
- DEAD PLATE.
- STEAM WHISTLES.
- THE STEAM GAUGE.
- STEAM SEPARATOR.
- SENTINEL VALVE.
- DAMPER REGULATORS.
- FUEL ECONOMIZER AND FEED WATER PURIFIER.
- SAFETY VALVES.
- U. S. RULES RELATING TO SAFETY VALVES.
- NOTE.
- RULE FOR FINDING AREA OF VALVE OPENING.
- EXAMPLE.
- 3 × 3 = 9 × .7854 = 7.06 square inches, Ans.
- FEED WATER HEATERS.
- CAPACITY OF CISTERNS.
- RULE FOR OBTAINING CONTENTS OF A BARREL IN GALLONS.
- WATER METERS.
- THE STEAM BOILER INJECTOR.
- Fig. 101.]
- LAWS OF HEAT.
- CONDUCTING POWER OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES.—DESPRITZ.
- RADIATING POWER OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES.—LESLIE
- TABLE OF THE SPECIFIC HEAT OF EQUAL WEIGHTS OF VARIOUS SUBSTANCES.
- THE STEAM PUMP.
- CLASSIFICATION OF PUMPS.
- POINTS RELATING TO PUMPS.
- CALCULATIONS RELATING TO PUMPS.
- IMPORTANT PRINCIPLES RELATING TO WATER.
- WEIGHT AND CAPACITY OF DIFFERENT STANDARD GALLONS OF WATER.
- STORING AND HANDLING OF COAL.
- CHEMISTRY OF THE FURNACE.
- TABLE.
- HEAT-PROOF AND ORNAMENTAL PAINTS.
- PRESSURE RECORDING GAUGE.
- HORSE POWER AS APPLIED TO BOILERS.
- RULE FOR ESTIMATING HORSE POWER OF HORIZONTAL TUBULAR STEAM BOILERS.
- BOILER SETTING.
- SETTING OF WATER TUBE BOILERS.
- POINTS RELATING TO BOILER SETTING.
- KINDLING A FURNACE FIRE.
- SAWDUST FURNACE.
- GAS PIPE.
- PIPES AND PIPING.
- BOILER TUBES.
- SURFACES AND CAPACITIES OF PIPES.
- JOINTS OF PIPES AND FITTINGS.
- STEAM AND HOT WATER HEATING.
- POINTS RELATING TO STEAM HEATING.
- SOLID-DRAWN IRON TUBES: CALCULATED BURSTING AND COLLAPSING PRESSURES.
- VENTILATION.
- TABLE.
- Fig. 144.]
- HEATING BY EXHAUST STEAM.
- CARE OF STEAM FITTINGS.
- TOOLS USED IN STEAM FITTING.
- COCKS.
- VALVES.
- STEAM FITTINGS.
- Fig. 133 is a plain _elbow_ (see also Fig. 123.)
- STEAM PIPE AND BOILER COVERINGS.
- TABLE OF RELATIVE VALUE OF NON-CONDUCTORS.
- LINEAR EXPANSION OF STEAM PIPES.
- THE STEAM LOOP.
- 3. Prevention of loss from open drains, drips, tanks, etc.
- 5. Enabling engines to start promptly.
- BOILER MAKERS’ TOOLS AND MACHINERY.
- STEAM.
- 1. The ease with which we can condense it.
- 2. Its great expansive power.
- WATER HAMMER.
- HAZARDS OF THE BOILER ROOM.
- FUEL OIL.
- WATER CIRCULATION.
- CHIMNEYS AND DRAUGHT.
- PLUMBING.
- PIPING AND DRAINAGE.
- LEAD PIPE JOINTS.
- REPAIRING PIPES WITH PUTTY JOINTS.
- BENDING LEAD PIPE.
- TABLE.—WEIGHT OF SHEET LEAD.
- PLUMBER’S SOLDER.
- PLUMBER’S TOOLS.
- USEFUL TABLES OF WEIGHTS OF IRON AND COMPARISONS OF GAUGES.
- NOISELESS WATER HEATER.
- ACCIDENTS AND EMERGENCIES.
- GLUE BURN MIXTURE.
- PERSONAL.
- INDEX
- FOR
- MAXIMS AND INSTRUCTIONS.
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- In the chapter ‘CHIMNEYS AND DRAUGHT’ 12th para:-
- This has been changed to read:-