Text Book

Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata

Name: Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata
Author: Wells, H. G. (Herbert George), 1866-1946

作者：Wells, H. G. (Herbert George), 1866-1946
体例：章　章数：87
字数：283,764　来源：Project Gutenberg

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原文溯源: cache/epub/21781/pg21781.txt（Project Gutenberg）

开始阅读章节目录

章节目录

共 87 章

Section 14) we have defined, as a chemical change in an upward
Section 61. The liver is the most complicated gland in the body
Section 62. Similar from a physiological point of view, to the secretory
Section 63. In all the epithelial tissues that we have considered we
Section 64. The simplest variety in this group is hyaline (i.e. glassy)
Section 65. Connective tissue (Figure XIII) is a general name for a
Section 66. Through connective tissues wander the phagocytes,
Section 67. Within the connective tissue cells fat drops may be
Section 68. We now come to Bone, a tissue confined to the
Section 69. Among the bony bars and spicules of spongy bone
Section 70. The matrix of bone differs from that of cartilage or of
Section 71. In the very young rabbit, the limb bones, vertebral column,
Section 72. The great thing to notice about this is that cartilage does
Section 73. We may mention here the structure of the spleen
Section 74. Here also, we may notice the lymphatics, a series of
Section 75. We are now in a position to study the rabbit's skeleton.
Section 76. We may take the skeleton under five headings. There is
Section 78. A cervical vertebra (C.V.) seems, upon cursory
Section 79. The lumbar vertebrae (l.v.) are larger, and have cleft
Section 80. All the vertebrae join with their adjacent fellows through
Section 81. The thorax is bounded dorsally by the vertebral column,
Section 82. The fore-limb (pectoral limb) consists of an upper arm
Section 83. The hind limb and its body bones-- pelvic limb and
Section 84. The pelvic girdle differs from the pectoral in most land
Section 85. These bones will be studied at the greatest advantage
Section 86. The mammalian skull will be better understood after the
Section 87. The floor of the cranium consists of a series of cartilage
Section 88. The outer edge of the upper jaw and the cheek arch are
Section 89. In the under view of the skull (Figure 2) it will be seen that
Section 90. The pre-maxillae and maxillae bound the sides of the
Section 91. The lower jaw (mandible) is one continuous bone in the
Section 92. Attached just behind the bulla above, and passing round
Section 93. The following table presents these bones in something
Section 94. Hidden by the bulla, and just external to the periotic bone,
Section 95. When we come to the study of the nerves, we shall
Section 96. We have, in the skeleton, a complicated apparatus of
Section 97. In striated muscle extensive modifications mask the cell
Section 98. In the heart we have an intermediate kind of muscle
Section 99. Unstriated muscle is sometimes called involuntary, and
Section 100. Muscular contraction, and generally all activity in the
Section 101. The primary elements in the tissue of the nervous
Section 102. Unlike telegraph wires, to which they are often
Section 103. Figure 7, Sheet 8, shows the typical structure of nervous
Section 104. The simplest example of the action of the nervous
Section 105. A vast amount of our activities are reflex, and in such
Section 106. The mind receives and stores impressions, and these
Section 107. Voluntary actions may, by constant repetition, become
Section 108. This fluctuating scope of mind should be remembered,
Section 109. A little more attention must now be given to the
Section 110. Many sensory nerves, doubtless, terminate in fine ends
Section 111. The eye (Figure 8) has a tough, dense, outer coat, the
Section 112. The structure of the retina demands fuller notice. Figure
Section 113. We may pause to call the student's attention to a little
Section 114. Certain small muscles in the orbit (eye-socket) move the
Section 115. The ear (Sheet VII.) consists of an essential organ of
Section 117. The impressions of smell are conducted through the first
Section 118. At an early stage in development, the brain of a
Section 119. The lower figure of (5) shows, in a diagrammatic manner,
Section 120. Figure 1 is a corresponding figure of the actual state of
Section 121. The parts of mid-brain (mesencephalon) will be easily
Section 122. The cerebellum (metencephalon) consists of a central
Section 123. Figure 2 gives a dorsal view of the rabbit's brain; a
Section 124. Proceeding from the brain are twelve pairs of cranial
Section 125. The mid-brain gives rise to only one nerve, the third,
Section 126. The remainder of the nerves spring from the hind-brain.
Section 127. If the student will now recur to the figures of the dog's
Section 128. The eighth nerve (auditory) is purely sensory, the nerve
Section 129. The ninth (glossopharyngeal) nerve is chiefly sensory;
Section 130. Of the functions of the several parts of the brain there is
Section 132. Besides the great mass of brain and spinal cord
Section 133. There are eight cervical (spinal) nerves, one in front of
Section 134. From the sympathetic in the hinder region of the thorax
Section 135. Finally, we may note the pineal gland and the pituitary
Section 136. We have now really completed our survey of the
Section 137. The female organs of reproduction are shown in
Section 139. The liberated ovum is caught up by the funnel-shaped
Section 140. In the male we find, in the position of the female uterus,
Section 141. The following facts of classificatory importance may now
Section 142. In the first place, the rabbit is a metazoon, one of the
Section 143. We also see in various organs of the rabbit, and
Section 144. In contrast to metameric segmentation is the antimeric
Section 145. We are now in a position to appreciate the fact that the
Section 146. The rabbit shares the following features with all the
Section 147. The rabbit shares the following features with all the
Section 148. The rabbit shares with all mammals, and differs from all
Section 149. The rabbit, together with t
Section 37. As the egg develops, however