4. Exogamy and totemism

The Manjhis of Sarguja, like those of Raigarh, appear to be of Munda

and Santal rather than of Gond origin. They have no subdivisions,

but a number of totemistic septs. Those of the Bhainsa or buffalo sept

are split into the Lotan and Singhan subsepts, _lotan_ meaning a place

where buffaloes wallow and _singh_ a horn. The Lotan Bhainsa sept say

that their ancestor was born in a place where a buffalo had wallowed,

and the Singhan Bhainsa that their ancestor was born while his mother

was holding the horn of a buffalo. These septs consider the buffalo

sacred and will not yoke it to a plough or cart, though they will drink

its milk. They think that if one of them killed a buffalo their clan

would become extinct. The Baghani Majhwars, named after the _bagh_

or tiger, think that a tiger will not attack any member of their sept

unless he has committed an offence entailing temporary excommunication

from caste. Until this offence has been expiated his relationship with

the tiger as head of his sept is in abeyance and the tiger will eat

him as he would any other stranger. If a tiger meets a member of the

sept who is free from sin, he will run away. When the Baghani sept

hear that any Majhwar has killed a tiger they purify their houses by

washing them with cowdung and water. Members of the Khoba or peg sept

will not make a peg or drive one into the ground. Those of the Dumar

[149] or fig-tree sept say that their first ancestor was born under

this tree. They consider the tree to be sacred and never eat its

fruit, and worship it once a year. Members of the sept named after

the _shiroti_ tree worship the tree every Sunday.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 4 · 第 158 / 607 题