3. Connection with the Kawars

Again the Manjhis appear to be connected with the Kawar tribe. Mr. Hira

Lal states that in Raigarh they will take food with Kewats, Gonds,

Kawars and Rawats or Ahirs, but they will not eat rice and pulse,

the most important and sacred food, with any outsiders except Kawars;

and this they explain by the statement that their ancestors and those

of the Kawars were connected. In Mirzapur the Kaurai Ahirs will take

food and water from the Majhwars, and these Ahirs are not improbably

derived from the Kawars. [147] Here the Majhwars also hold an oath

taken when touching a broadsword as most binding, and the Kawars

of the Central Provinces worship a sword as one of their principal

deities. [148] Not improbably the Manjhis may include some Kewats,

as this caste also use Manjhi for a title; and Manjhi is both a

subcaste and title of the Khairwars. The general conclusion from the

above evidence appears to be that the caste is a very heterogeneous

group whose most important constituents come from the Gond, Munda,

Santal and Kawar tribes. Whether the original bond of connection

among the various people who call themselves Manjhi was the common

occupation of boating and fishing is a doubtful point.

The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume 4 · 第 157 / 607 题