44. Local or partial phonetic changes affected the initial syllable
of many words: demandar (do-) ＜ _demandāre_, emplir (üm-) ＜ _implēre_;
ciutat cieutat ＜ _cīvĭtātem_; eissir issir ＜ _exīre_, getar gitar ＜
✱_jĕctāre_; crear criar ＜ _creāre_; mercẹ (mar-) ＜ _mercēdem_; delgat
(dal-) ＜ _delicātum_.
1. Nearly everywhere there is a tendency to change e to o, u,
or ü before a labial, especially before m: _premier_ _promier_
_prumier_, _remas_ _romas_, _semblar_ _somblar_, _trebalh_
_trubalh_. So _de ves_ ＞ ✱_do ves_ ＞ _dous_.
2. In the 13th century, nearly everywhere, iu ＞ ieu: _piucela_
_pieucela_.
3. Many dialects of the north and west change ei and e to i:
_deissendre_ _dissendre_, _eissam_ _issam_, _eissi_ _issi_,
_eissilh_ _issilh_, _leisso_ _lisso_, _meitat_ _mitat_;
_degerir_ (_i_), _denhar_ (_i_), _disnar_, _en_ _in_, _enfern_
(_i_), _entrar_ (_i_), _envers_ (_i_), _escien_ _icient_,
proclitic _est_ _ist_, _estar_ (_i_), _estiers_ (_i_), _Felip_
(_i_), _gelos_ (_i_), _genhos_ (_i_), _genolh_ (_i_), _gequir_
(_i_), _guereiar_ (_i_), _guerensa_ (_i_), _i(n)vern_, _isnel_
_irnel_, _peior_ _pigor_, proclitic _per_ _pir_, _premier_
(_i_), _semblar_ (_i_), _serven_ (_i_), _serventes_ (_i_),
_sevals_ (_i_), _trebalhar_ (_i_), _tremblar_ (_i_). In
_disnar_, _ivern_, _isnel_ only i is found. In some dialects
there is an alternation of e and i, e being used when there
is an í in the next syllable, i when there is none, _fenít_,
_sirvén_. In _vezí_ ＜ _vīcīnum_ the e probably goes back to V.
L.: cf. Fr.
4. In a few dialects e in hiatus with a following vowel becomes
i: _crear_ _criar_, _leal_ _lial_, _prear_ _priar_, _preon_
_prion_, _real_ _rial_.
5. In many dialects of the north and west e has a tendency to
become a before r: _guerentia_ _garensa_, _merce_ _marce_,
_pergamen_ _pargamen_.
6. In some dialects there is a tendency to assimilate e to an
á in the next syllable: _delgat_ _dalgat_, _gigant_ _iaian_,
_deman_ (_a_), _semblar_ (_a_), _serrar_ (_a_), _tremblar_
(_a_). So _de vás_ (§ 42, 1) ＞ _da vás_ ＞ _dávas_; hence
_daus_, under the influence of _deus_ ＞ _de ves_.