45. The term _intertonic_ is applied to the syllable that follows
the secondary (§ 18) and precedes the primary accent. In this
position all vowels, except a, regularly disappeared in popular
words, probably between the 5th and the 8th century[27]; a apparently
remained: ✱_bŭllĭcāre_ ＞ boiar (bollegar), _bŏnĭtātem_ ＞ bontat,
✱_carrĭcāre_ ＞ carcar cargar, _caballĭcāre_ ＞ cavalcar cavalgar,
_cĕrĕbĕllum_ ＞ cervęl, _cīvĭtātem_ ＞ ciutat, _cŏllŏcāre_ ＞ colcar
colgar, _dēlĭcātum_ ＞ delcat delgat, _excommūnĭcāre_ ✱_excommĭnĭcāre_
＞ escomeniar, _vĕrēcŭndia_ ＞ vergọnha; _calamĕllum_ ＞ calamęl,
_invadĕre_ ✱_invadīre_ ＞ envazir, _margarīta_ ＞ margarida, _mīrabĭlia_
＞ miravilha, _parav(e)rēdus_ ＞ palafrẹs.
1. The vowel is preserved in a number of words in which it
originally bore the secondary accent (§ 18): _abbréviáre_ ＞
_abreuiar_, _calúmniáre_ ＞ _caloniar_, ✱_eríciónem_ ＞ _erisso_;
on the other hand, ✱_cominítiáre_ (through ✱_comín’tiáre_) ＞
_comensar_, _partítiónem_ (through ✱_pártiónem_) ＞ _parso_.
Cf. _Zs._, XXVII, 576, 684, 693, 698, 701, 704. When kept,
the vowel is sometimes altered: ✱_carōnea_ ✱_caróneáta_
＞ _caraunhada_, ✱_cupídietósus_ ＞ _cobeitos_ _cobitos_,
_papíliónem_ ＞ _pabalho_.
2. The prefix _mĭnus-_ was reduced to _mis-_ (or _mes-_)
in Gaul, perhaps at the close of the Vulgar Latin period:
✱_mínus-prétiat_ ＞ _mespreza_. _Menes-_ was used also. Cf. P.
Marchot, _Phon._, pp. 43, 44.
3. _Mostier_ is from ✱_monistĕrium_, altered, by the influence
of _ministĕrium_, from _monastērium_. _Comprar_ is from V. L.
_comperare_. _Calmelh_ _calmelha_ (cf. _calamel_ above) are
Provençal formations from _calm_. _Caresma_ or _caresme_ seems
to be from V. L. ✱_quarrēsĭma_ = _quadragēsĭma_. _Anedier_ ＜
_anatarium_ shows the influence of _anét_ _ánet_ ＜ _anătem_ (§
48, 1).
4. In learned words the vowel is generally preserved:
_irregulár_, _irritár_, _pelicán_, _philozophía_. The vowel
is, however, often altered, the exchange of e and i being
particularly frequent: _esperít_, _femeníl_, _orifán_,
_peligrí_ (_e_), _soteirán_ (_sotrán_) ＜ _subterraneum_
influenced by _dereirán_ and _primeirán_.
46. Very often the intertonic vowel was preserved by the analogy
of some cognate word or form in which that vowel was stressed:
dev_i_nár through _devín_, fin_i_mén through _finír_, guerr_e_iár
through _guerréia_, noir_i_dúra through _noirír_, obl_i_dár through
_oblít_, pert_u_sár through _pertúsa_, re_u_sar through _reúsa_,
serv_i_dór through _servíre_.
1. In such cases the preserved vowel is sometimes altered, the exchange
of e and i being especially common: _avinén_, _covinén_, _sovinénsa_,
cf. _venír_, _ven_; _enginhár_, _enginhós_, cf. _genh_; _envelzír_,
cf. _vil_; _gememén_, cf. _gemír_; _issarnít_ (_eissernít_), from
_excĕrnĕre_; _randóla_, from _hirŭndŭla_, perhaps influenced by
_randón_; _temerós_ (_o_), from ✱_timorōsus_, influenced by _temér_;
_traazó_ (_i_), from _traditiōnem_, with a substitution of suffix;
_volentiérs_, from _voluntarius_, under the influence of _volén_ ＜
_volentem_.