Guide_, 34. _Down. Fr. Amer._ 77. Sapson, _Ken. Amer. Or._ 28.
Sapsonvine, _acc. Kenrick_.
FIGURE.--Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. ii. f. 4.
Fruit, rather above medium size, two inches and three quarters broad,
and the same in height; roundish, but narrowing a little towards the
eye, and slightly ribbed on the sides. Skin, covered with a delicate
white bloom, which when rubbed off exhibits a smooth, shining, and
varnished rich deep chestnut, almost approaching to black, on the side
exposed to the sun; but on the shaded side, it is of a light orange
red, and where very much shaded quite yellow, the whole strewed with
minute dots. Eye, small, half open, with long, broad, and reflexed
segments, placed in a round and slightly angular basin. Stalk,
half-an-inch long, inserted in a deep funnel-shaped cavity. Flesh, red,
as if sopped in wine, tender, sweet, juicy, and pleasantly flavored.
A very ancient English culinary and cider apple; but perhaps more
singular than useful. It is in use from October to February.
The tree is vigorous and spreading, very hardy, an excellent bearer,
and not subject to canker.
337. SPICE APPLE.--Diel.
IDENTIFICATION--Diel Kernobst. x. 34.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and a half broad, and two and a quarter
high; roundish, but narrowing towards the eye. Skin, deep yellow, but
marked with broad streaks of crimson on the side next the sun. Eye,
open, with long, broad, reflexed, downy segments, set in a narrow,
shallow, and plaited basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a round cavity,
which is lined with russet. Flesh, yellow, firm, crisp, brisk, and
perfumed.
A good second-rate dessert apple, in use from November to February.
This is not the Spice Apple of the Horticultural Society’s Catalogue,
but one which was cultivated by Kirke, of Brompton, under that name,
and so described by Diel.--_See Aromatic Russet._
338. SPITZEMBERG.--Booth Cat.
IDENTIFICATION AND FIGURE.--Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. i. f. 5.
SYNONYME.--Pomegranate Pippin, _acc. Ron. Pyr. Mal._
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and a half broad, and two inches high;
roundish, flattened at the base, and narrowing a little towards the
eye. Skin, deep yellow, with an orange tinge on the side exposed to
the sun, and strewed with large stelloid russety specks. Eye, partially
open, with long, broad, and erect segments, set in a narrow and shallow
basin. Stalk, short and stout, inserted in a small narrow cavity.
Flesh, tender, juicy, sweet, and pleasantly flavored.
An apple of second-rate quality, in use from November to Christmas.
This is the Spitzemberg of the German nurseries.
339. SPRINGROVE CODLIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Trans. vol. i. p. 197. t. 11. Lind. Guide, 7.
Rog. Fr. Cult. 65.
FIGURE.--Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. iii. f. 4. Hort. Trans.
Fruit, above medium size, three inches wide at the base, and two inches
and three quarters high; conical, and slightly angular on the sides.
Skin, pale greenish-yellow, tinged with orange on the side exposed
to the sun. Eye, closed, with broad segments, and set in a narrow,
plaited basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a rather deep cavity. Flesh,
greenish-yellow, tender, juicy, sugary, brisk, and slightly perfumed.
A first-rate culinary apple. It may be used for tarts, as soon as
the fruit are the size of a walnut, and continues in use up to the
beginning of October. It received the name of Springrove Codlin, from
being first introduced by Sir Joseph Banks, Bart., who resided at
Springrove, near Hounslow, Middlesex.
340. SQUIRE’S GREENING.--H.
Fruit, about medium size; roundish and flattened, irregular in its
outline, having sometimes very prominent, unequal, and obtuse angles,
on the sides, which terminate in undulations round the eye. Skin, of a
fine clear grass-green color, which it retains till the spring, covered
with dull brownish-red where exposed to the sun, thinly strewed all
over with minute dots. Eye, small and closed, inserted in a narrow,
irregular, and plaited basin. Stalk, short and slender, inserted in a
round, narrow, and deep cavity, which is lined with rough scaly russet.
Flesh, yellowish-white, firm and crisp, with a brisk, somewhat sugary
and pleasant flavor.
A good culinary apple, and useful also as a dessert variety. It is in
use from Christmas till April or May.
This variety was raised on the property of Mrs. Squires, of Nigtoft,
near Sleaford.
341. STEAD’S KERNEL.--Knight.
IDENTIFICATION.--Pom. Heref. t. 25. Lind. Guide, 112.
Fruit, a little turbinate, or top-shaped, somewhat resembling a quince.
Eye, small, flat, with a short truncate or covered calyx. Stalk, short.
Skin, yellow, a little reticulated with a slight greyish russet, and a
few small specks intermixed.
Specific gravity of the juice, 1074.
As a cider apple, this appears to possess great merit, combining
a slight degree of astringency, with much sweetness. It ripens in
October, and is also a good culinary apple during its season. It was
raised from seed by Daniel Stead, Esq., Brierly, near Leominster,
Herefordshire.--_Knight & Lindley._
342. STIRZAKER’S EARLY SQUARE.--H.
Fruit, below medium size; roundish, with prominent ribs which run into
the eye, forming sharp ridges at the crown. Skin, of an uniform pale
yellow, freckled and mottled, with very thin dingy brown russet on the
shaded side, and, completely covered with the same on the side next
the sun. Eye, small, half open, set in an irregular and angular basin.
Stalk, very short, imbedded in a deep cavity. Flesh, white, tender,
juicy, and pleasantly flavored.
An early apple, grown in the neighbourhood of Lancaster. It is ripe in
August, and continues in use during September.
343. STRIPED BEEFING.--H.
SYNONYMES.--Striped Beaufin. Lind. Guide, 57.
[Illustration]
Fruit, of the largest size; beautiful and handsome, roundish, and
somewhat depressed. Skin, bright lively green, almost entirely covered
with broken streaks, and patches of fine deep red, and thickly strewed
with russety dots; in some specimens the color extends almost entirely
round the fruit. Eye, like that of the Blenheim Pippin, large and
open, with short erect ragged segments, set in a deep, irregular, and
angular basin. Flesh, yellowish, firm, crisp, juicy, and pleasantly
acid.
One of the handsomest and best culinary apples in cultivation; for
baking it is unrivalled. It is in use from October till May.
The tree is very hardy, and an excellent bearer.
This noble apple was introduced by Mr. George Lindley, who found it
growing in 1794, in the garden of William Crowe, Esq., at Lakenham
near Norwich. He measured a specimen of the fruit, and found it twelve
inches and a half in circumference, and weighing twelve ounces and
a half, avoirdupoise. It does not seem ever to have been in general
cultivation, as it is not mentioned in any of the nursery catalogues;
nor is it enumerated in that of the London Horticultural Society.
Through the kindness of George Jefferies, Esq., of Marlborough Terrace,
Kensington, who procured it from his residence in Norfolk, I had the
good fortune in 1847, to obtain grafts, which when propagated, I
distributed through several of the principal nurseries of the country,
and by this means I trust, it will become more generally known, and
universally cultivated.
344. STRIPED MONSTROUS REINETTE.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, p. 37. Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl.
xxxvi. f. 1.
Fruit, large, three inches and a half broad, and three inches high;
roundish, and a little flattened, irregular in its outline, having
prominent angles on the sides, which extend from the base to the apex.
Skin, smooth, of a deep yellow-ground color, which is almost entirely
covered with pale red, and streaked with broad stripes of dark crimson.
Eye, closed, with long acuminate segments, set in a narrow, angular
basin. Stalk, an inch long, slender, deeply inserted in a round, and
russety cavity. Flesh, white, tender, juicy, and pleasantly flavored.
A culinary apple of second-rate quality. It is in use during November
and December.
345. STURMER PIPPIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 808. Down. Fr. Amer, 135.
Gard. Chron. 1847, 135.
[Illustration]
Fruit, below medium size, two inches and a quarter broad, by one
inch and three quarters high; roundish, and somewhat flattened, and
narrowing towards the apex, a good deal resembling the old Nonpariel.
Skin, of a lively green color, changing to yellowish-green, as it
attains maturity, and almost entirely covered with brown russet, with
a tinge of dull red, on the side next the sun. Eye, small, and closed,
set in a shallow, irregular, and angular basin. Stalk, three quarters
of an inch long, straight, inserted in a round, even, and russety
cavity. Flesh, yellow, firm, crisp, very juicy, with a brisk and rich
sugary flavor.
This is perhaps the most valuable dessert apple of its season, it is
of first-rate excellence; and exceedingly desirable both on account
of its delicious flavor, and arriving at perfection, at a period when
the other favorite varieties are past. It is not fit for use till the
Ribston Pippin is nearly gone, and continues long after the Nonpariel.
The period of its perfection may be fixed from February to June.
The Sturmer Pippin, was raised by Mr. Dillistone, a nurseryman at
Sturmer, near Haverhill, in Suffolk, and was obtained by impregnating
the Ribston Pippin, with the pollen of the Nonpareil.
The tree is hardy and an excellent bearer, and attains about the middle
size.
346. SUGAR AND BRANDY.--H.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and three quarters broad at the bulge,
and the same in height; conical, and angular, with a very prominent rib
on one side, forming a high ridge at the apex, terminated at the apex,
by a number of knobs which are the continuations of the costal angles.
Skin, deep dull yellow, freckled with pale red on the shaded side,
the remaining portion entirely covered with bright orange-red. Eye,
small and closed, set in a deep and furrowed basin. Stalk, very short,
inserted in a round and shallow cavity, which is lined with rough
russet. Flesh, deep yellow, spongy, juicy, very sweet, so much so, as
to be sickly.
An apple grown about Lancashire, in use during the end of August and
September.
347. SUGAR-LOAF PIPPIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 811. Lind. Guide, 10. Down.
Fr. Amer. 76.
SYNONYMES.--Hutching’s Seedling, _acc. Pom. Mag._ Dolgoi Squoznoi, in
Russia, _acc. Pom. Mag._
FIGURE.--Pom. Mag. t. 3.
Fruit, above medium size, two inches and three quarters wide, and three
inches high; oblong. Skin, clear pale yellow, becoming nearly white,
when fully ripe. Eye, set in a rather deep and plaited basin. Stalk, an
inch long, inserted in a deep and regular cavity. Flesh, white, firm,
crisp, juicy, brisk, and pleasantly flavored.
An excellent early culinary apple of first-rate quality; ripe in the
beginning of August, but in a few days becomes mealy.
This variety was introduced from St. Petersburg, by the London
Horticultural Society.
348. SUMMER BROAD-END.--H.
SYNONYMES.--Summer Broadend, _Lind. Guide_, 24. Summer Colman, _Lind.
Plan. Or._ 1796.
Fruit, above the middle size, about two inches and three quarters in
diameter, and two inches and a quarter deep; slightly angular on the
sides. Eye, small, with a closed calyx, in a rather narrow basin,
surrounded by some angular plaits. Stalk, short, slender, deeply
inserted, not protruding beyond the base. Skin, dull yellowish-green,
tinged on the sunny side, with pale dull brown. Flesh, greenish-white,
not crisp. Juice, sub-acid, with a pretty good flavor.
A culinary apple in use in October and November. This is an useful
Norfolk apple, and known in the markets by the above name. The trees
are rather small growers, but great bearers.--_Lindley._
I have never seen the Summer Broad-End, and have therefore here
introduced the description of Mr. Lindley, for the benefit of those
under whose observation it may fall.
349. SUMMER GOLDEN PIPPIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 290. Lind. Guide, 7. Down.
Fr. Amer, 77. Rog. Fr. Cult. 78.
SYNONYMES.--Summer Pippin, _acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ White Summer Pippin,
_Ron. Pyr. Mal._ 11.
FIGURES.--Pom. Mag. t. 50. Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. vi. f. 4.
[Illustration]
Fruit, below medium size, two inches and a quarter broad at the base,
and two inches and a quarter high; ovate, flattened at the ends. Skin,
smooth and shining, pale yellow, on the shaded side; but tinged with
orange and brownish-red on the side next the sun, and strewed over with
minute russety dots. Eye, open, set in a wide, shallow, and slightly
plaited basin. Stalk, thick, a quarter of an inch long, completely
imbedded in a moderately deep cavity, which is lined with russet.
Flesh, yellowish, firm, very juicy, with a rich, vinous, and sugary
flavor.
This is one of the most delicious summer apples, and ought to form one
of every collection, however small. It is ripe in the end of August,
and keeps about a fortnight.
The tree is a small grower, and attains about the third size. It is an
early and abundant bearer, and succeeds well when grafted on the doucin
or paradise stock. When grown on the pomme paradis of the French, it
forms a beautiful little tree, which can be successfully cultivated in
pots.
350. SUMMER PEARMAIN.--Park.
IDENTIFICATION.--Park. Par. 587. Aust. Or. 54. Raii. Hist. ii. 1447.
Mill. Dict. Fors. Treat. ed. 7, 126. Lind. Guide, 34. Rog. Fr. Cult.
72.
SYNONYMES.--Autumn Pearmain, _Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 3, n. 531. American
Pearmain, _acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ Gestreifte Sommerparmäne. Drue Summer
Pearmain. Diel Kernobst. vi. 129.
FIGURES.--Pom. Mag., t. 116. Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl. xxii. f. 1.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and three quarters wide at the base,
and the same high; conical, or abrupt pearmain-shaped, round at the
base, and tapering towards the apex. Skin, yellow, streaked all over
with large patches, and broken streaks of red, mixed with silvery
russet, strewed with numerous russety dots, and covered with large
patches of rough russet on the base. Eye, closed, half open, with
long acuminate segments, placed in a wide, shallow, and plaited
basin. Stalk, half-an-inch long, obliquely inserted under a fleshy
protuberance on one side of it, which is a permanent and distinguishing
character of this apple. Flesh, deep yellow, firm, crisp, juicy,
richly, and highly perfumed.
An excellent apple, long cultivated, and generally regarded as one
of the popular varieties of this country, it is suitable either for
culinary purposes, or the dessert, and is in use during September and
October.
The tree is a good grower, and healthy; of an upright habit of growth,
and forms a fine standard tree of the largest size. It succeeds well
grafted on the paradise stock, when it forms handsome espaliers, and
open dwarfs.
This is what in many nurseries is cultivated as the _Royal Pearmain_,
but erroneously. It is one of the oldest English varieties, being
mentioned by Parkinson, in 1629.
351. SUMMER STRAWBERRY.
Fruit, rather below medium size, two and a half inches broad, and
an inch and three quarters high; oblate, even and regularly formed.
Skin, smooth and shining, striped all over with yellow, and blood-red
stripes, except on any portion that is shaded, and there it is red.
Eye, prominent, not at all depressed, closed with long flat segments,
and surrounded with prominent plaits. Stalk, three quarters of an inch
long, inserted in a round, narrow cavity, which is lined with russet.
Flesh, white, tinged with yellow, soft, tender, juicy, brisk and
pleasantly flavored.
A dessert apple, ripe in September, but when kept long becomes dry
and mealy. It is much cultivated in all the Lancashire and northern
orchards of England.
352. SURREY FLAT-CAP.--H.
Fruit, above medium size, three inches wide, and two inches and a
quarter high; oblate, even and regularly formed. Skin, of a pale
bluish-green, or verdigris color, changing as it ripens to a yellowish
tinge, and marked with dots and flakes of rough veiny russet, on the
shaded side; but deep red, which is almost obscured with rough veiny
russet on the side next the sun. Eye, open, with broad segments,
reflexed at the tips, set in a wide, shallow, and plaited basin. Stalk,
half-an-inch long, inserted in a round and deep cavity. Flesh, yellow,
firm, not very juicy, but rich and sugary.
A very excellent dessert apple, remarkable for its singular color, but
is rather void of acidity. It is in use from October to January.
353. SWEENY NONPAREIL.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Trans. vol. iv. 526. Lind. Guide, 99. Hort.
Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 484.
Fruit, above medium size, two inches and three quarters broad, and two
inches high; very similar in form to the old Nonpariel. Skin, of a fine
lively green color, which is glossy and shining, but almost entirely
covered with patches, and reticulations of thick greyish-brown russet,
which in some parts is rough and cracked; sometimes tinged with brown
where exposed to the sun. Eye, very small, half open, with short, flat,
ovate segments, and set in a small, narrow, and rather shallow basin.
Stalk, three quarters of an inch long, inserted in a rather shallow and
russety cavity. Flesh, greenish-white, firm, crisp, sugary, and with a
very powerful yet pleasant sub-acid flavor.
An excellent culinary apple admirably adapted for sauce; but too acid
for the dessert. It is in use from January to April.
The tree is a vigorous grower, and an excellent bearer.
This variety was raised in 1807, by Thomas Netherton Parker, Esq.,
of Sweeny, in Shropshire, and twenty specimens of the fruit, were
exhibited at the London Horticultural Society, in 1820, the aggregate
weight of which, was seven pounds thirteen ounces.
354. SYKE HOUSE RUSSET.--Hooker.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hook. Pom. Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 752. Lind.
Guide, 100. Fors. Treat. 126. Rog. Fr. Cult. 106.
SYNONYMES.--Sykehouse, _acc. Hort. Soc. Cat._ Englische
Spitalsreinette, _Diel Kernobst._ x. 139.
FIGURES.--Hook. Pom. Lond. t. 40. Pom. Mag. t. 81. Ron. Pyr. Mal. pl.
xxxviii. f. 1.
[Illustration]
Fruit, below medium size, two inches and a quarter broad, by one inch
and three quarters high; roundish-oblate. Skin, yellowish-green, but
entirely covered with brown russet, strewed with silvery grey scales;
sometimes it has a brownish tinge on the side which is exposed to the
sun. Eye, small and open, set in a shallow basin. Stalk, half-an-inch
long, inserted in a shallow cavity. Flesh, yellowish, firm, crisp, and
juicy, with a rich, sugary, and very high flavor.
One of the most excellent dessert apples; it is in use from October to
February.
The tree is a free grower, hardy, and an excellent bearer; it attains
about the middle size, and is well adapted for growing as an espalier,
when grafted on the paradise stock.
This variety originated at the village of Syke House, in Yorkshire,
whence its name.
Diel’s nomenclature of the Syke House Russet, affords a good example of
the transformations the names of fruits are subject to, when translated
from one language to another; he writes it Englische Spitalsreinette,
which he translates Sik-House Apple, because as he supposed it received
this appellation, either from the briskness of its flavor being
agreeable to invalids, or from its having originated in the garden of
an hospital, He says he finds it only in Kirke’s Fruit Tree Catalogue,
_where it is erroneously printed Syke-House_!
355. TARVEY CODLIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Trans. vol. vii. p. 383. Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3,
n. 167. Lind. Guide, 83.
Fruit, large and conical. Skin, dull olive-green, with an imperfect
mixture of yellow on the shaded side, and yellowish-red, much spotted
with broken rows of large blood-red dots, next the sun. Flesh, white
and juicy, somewhat resembling the English Codlin.
A good culinary apple for a northern climate, in use during November
and December.
This variety was raised from seed of the Manks Codlin, impregnated with
the Nonpariel, by Sir. G. S. Mackenzie, Bart., of Coul, in Rosshire.
356. TAUNTON GOLDEN PIPPIN.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, p. 18.
FIGURE.--Maund. Fruit. pl. 21.
Fruit, below medium size, two inches and a quarter wide, and the same
in height; oblato-cylindrical, regularly and handsomely shaped. Skin,
deep rich yellow, strewed with markings and freckles of russet on the
shaded side, but covered with a cloud of red, which is marked with
deeper red streaks, on the side next the sun. Eye, open, set in a wide,
rather deep, and plaited basin. Stalk, short, inserted in a narrow,
and rather shallow cavity. Flesh, yellow, firm, crisp, and delicate,
with a brisk, sugary, and particularly rich vinous flavor.
A dessert apple of first-rate quality; in use from December to March.
The tree is hardy, healthy, and an abundant bearer, attaining about the
middle size. It is well adapted for growing on the paradise stock.
357. TEN SHILLINGS--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 824.
Fruit, medium sized, two inches and a half broad, and two inches
high; roundish-oblate, with obtuse angles on the sides. Skin,
greenish-yellow, almost entirely covered with pale brown russet; but
with orange, streaked with red, on the side next the sun. Eye, large,
with long narrow segments, which are not convergent, set in an angular
basin. Stalk, half-an-inch long, inserted in a moderately deep cavity.
Flesh, yellowish-white, tender, sweet, and slightly acid.
A second-rate dessert apple; ripe in November.
358. TENTERDEN PARK.--Hort.
IDENTIFICATION.--Hort. Soc. Cat. ed. 3, n. 825.
Fruit, about medium size, two inches and a half broad, by two inches
high; roundish, inclining to ovate. Skin, smooth and glossy, as if
varnished, yellowish-green where shaded, and entirely covered with deep
red, which is marked with streaks of still deeper red, where exposed
to the sun. Eye, large, half open, with broad, flat segments, set in
a rather shallow, round, and saucer-like basin. Stalk, very short,
inserted in a round and shallow cavity, which is slightly marked with
russet. Flesh, greenish-white, tender, crisp, brisk, and juicy, but
with no particular richness of flavor.
A second-rate dessert apple, of neat and handsome appearance; in use
from October to February.
359. TEUCHAT’S EGG.--Gibs.
IDENTIFICATION.--Gibs. Fr. Gard. 351.
SYNONYMES.--Chucket Egg, _Hort. Soc. Cat._ ed. 3, p. 10. Summer
Teuchat Egg, _Leslie & Anders. Cat._
Fruit, below medium size, varying in shape from ovate to conical, and
irregularly ribbed on the sides. Skin, pale yellow, washed with pale
red, and streaked with deep and lively red. Eye, partially closed, with
long, broad segments, placed in a narrow and angular basin. Stalk, very
short, imbedded in a close shallow cavity, with a fleshy protuberance
on one side of it, and surrounded with rough russet. Flesh, tender,
juicy, and pleasantly flavored.
A second-rate dessert apple, peculiar to the Scotch orchards of
Clydesdale and Ayrshire; ripe in September.
Teuchat signifies, the Pee-wit or Lapwing.
360. TOKER’S INCOMPARABLE.
Fruit, very large, three inches and three quarters broad, and two
inches and three quarters high, in shape, very much resembling the
Gooseberry Apple; ovate, broad and flattened at the base, and with five
prominent ribs on the sides which render it distinctly five-sided.
Skin, smooth and shining, of a beautiful dark green, which assumes a
yellowish tinge as it ripens; and with a slight trace of red, marked
with a few crimson streaks, where exposed to the sun. Eye, large, and
nearly closed, with broad flat segments, set in a saucer-like basin,
which is surrounded with knobs, formed by the termination of the ribs.
Stalk, a quarter of an inch long, inserted in a wide cavity, which
is lined with a little rough russet. Flesh, yellowish, firm, crisp,
tender, juicy, and marrow-like, with a brisk and pleasant acid.
A first-rate culinary apple, grown in the Kentish orchards, about
Sittingbourne and Faversham; in use from November to Christmas.
361. TOWER OF GLAMMIS.--Hort.