CAR´DIAC, _a._ Pertaining to the heart.
CARI´NA, _n._ Keel; under ridge, as if a keel.
CAR´INATE, _a._ Keeled; ridged beneath as if keeled; having a keel, as
the sternum of most birds.
CAR´INATE (_birds_), _n._ Those possessing a keeled sternum; the group
_Carinatæ_ as contrasted with _Ratitæ_.
CAR´NEOUS, _a._ Fleshy.
CARNIV´OROUS, _a._ Flesh-eating.
CAROT´ID (_artery_), _a._ for _n._ The principal bloodvessel of the
neck, single in most birds, sometimes paired as in mammalia.
CAR´PAL, _a._ Pertaining to the wrist.
CAR´PAL AN´GLE, _n._ Prominence formed at the wrist-joint when the wing
is closed. It is practically an important point regionally, since the
universally used measurement, “length of wing,” is from this point to
the end of the longest quill.
CAR´PUS, _n._ The wrist; especially its bones.
CAR´TILAGE, _n._ A whitish, hard, and solid, but elastic, flexible,
and soluble, substance of the body, permanent, or becoming osseous by
deposition of bone-earth. It occurs in the windpipe, in many joints, and
elsewhere.
CARTILAG´INOUS, _a._ Like, containing, or consisting of, cartilage.
CAR´UNCLE, _n._ Small fleshy excrescence, particularly about the head,
usually naked, and wrinkled, warty, or brightly colored.
CARUN´CULATE, _a._ Having caruncles.
CAU´DA, _n._ The tail. (69.) In descriptive ornithology, generally only
the tail-feathers are meant. _Cauda navicularis_ = BOAT-SHAPED TAIL
(which see).
CAU´DAD. Backwards; toward the tail.
CAU´DAL, _a._ Pertaining to the tail; as, _caudal_ vertebræ, or _caudal_
extremity; but we hardly say _caudal_ feathers.
CELL, _n._ Any closed sac containing fluid or other substance.
CEL´LULAR, _a._ Having cells; composed of cells.
CEN´TRE OF GRAV´ITY, _n._ Point of a body about which the whole is
balanced, and which, if supported, supports the whole. In a flying bird
the centre of gravity is below the middle of the body, so that the bird
is naturally ballasted.
CEN´TRUM, _n._; pl. _centra_. Body of a vertebra.
CEPH´ALAD. Forwards; towards the head.
CEPHAL´IC, _a._ Pertaining to the head.
CEPHALO-CER´CAL (_axis_), _a._ Denoting the long axis of the body.
CE´RA, CERE, CERO´MA, _n._ Fleshy, cutaneous or membranous, often
feathered, covering of base of bill of many birds, as parrots, hawks,
and owls; differing thus in texture from the rest of the _rhamphotheca_,
and usually also showing an evident line of demarcation. When present,
the nostrils are always pierced in its substance,—at least at its edge.
CERATOHY´AL, _n._ A portion of the “horn” of the hyoid bone.