MALIC ACID. (_Acide malique_, Fr.; _Aepfelsäure_, Germ.) This acid
exists in the juices of many fruits and plants, alone, or associated
with the citric, tartaric, and oxalic acids; and occasionally combined
with potash or lime. Unripe apples, sloes, barberries, the berries of
the mountain ash, elder berries, currants, gooseberries, strawberries,
raspberries, bilberries, brambleberries, whortleberries, cherries,
ananas, afford malic acid; the house-leek and purslane contain the
malate of lime.
The acid may be obtained most conveniently from the juice of the berries
of the mountain ash, or barberries. This must be clarified, by mixing
with white of egg, and heating the mixture to ebullition; then
filtering, digesting the clear liquor with carbonate of lead, till it
becomes neutral; and evaporating the saline solution, till crystals, of
malate of lead be obtained. These are to be washed with cold water, and
purified by re-crystallization. On dissolving the white salt in water,
and passing a stream of sulphuretted hydrogen through the solution, the
lead will be all separated in the form of a sulphuret, and the liquor,
after filtration and evaporation, will yield yellow granular crystals,
or cauliflower concretions, of malic acid, which may be blanched by
re-dissolution and digestion with bone-black, and re-crystallization.
Malic acid has no smell, but a very sour taste, deliquesces by
absorption of moisture from the air, is soluble in alcohol, fuses at
150° Fahr., is decomposed at a heat of 348°, and affords by distillation
a peculiar acid, the pyromalic. It consists in 100 parts, of 41·47
carbon; 3·51 hydrogen; and 55·02 oxygen; having nearly the same
composition as citric acid. A crude malic acid might be economically
extracted from the fruit of the mountain ash, applicable to many
purposes; but it has not hitherto been manufactured upon the great
scale.
MALLEABILITY, is the property belonging to certain metals, of being
extended under the hammer. A table of malleability is given in the
article DUCTILITY.
MALT; (Eng. and Fr.; _Malz_, Germ.) is barley-corn, which has been
subjected to an artificial process of germination. See BEER.
Table of the Quantity of Malt consumed by the undermentioned Brewers of
London and Vicinity, from October 10th, 1836, to October 10th, 1837.
+--------------------------------+-------+
| Brewers. | Qrs. |
+--------------------------------+-------+
|Barclay and Co. | 100005|
|Hanbury and Co. | 82798|
|Whitbread and Co. | 47012|
|Reid and Co. | 43945|
|Combe and Co. | 40366|
|Hoare and Co. | 32347|
|Calvert and Co. | 32335|
|Meux and Co. | 30575|
|Elliot and Co. | 24154|
|Taylor and Co. | 23556|
|Charrington and Co. | 18842|
|Thorne and Son | 16404|
|Gardner | 15256|
|Ramsbottom and Co. | 15227|
|J. & C. Goding (11 months) | 14023|
|Bricheno | 9863|
|Courage and Co. | 9284|
|Wood and Co. | 7834|
|Goding, Thos. | 7095|
|Hazard | 6674|
|Mann, Jas. | 6588|
|Harris, Thos. | 6042|
|More | 6025|
|M’Leod, B. | 4960|
|Farren and Till | 4783|
|Manners and Co. | 4552|
|Hale, George. | 4547|
|Halford and Topham | 3786|
|Stains and Fox | 5783|
|Lamont and Co. | 3600|
|Laxton | 3583|
|Richmond | 3174|
|Maynard | 3133|
|M’Leod and Thompson | 2834|
|Tubb | 2826|
|Johnson and Wyatt | 2809|
|Duggan and Co. | 2665|
|Hodgson | 2400|
|Sherborn and Co. | 2347|
|Griffith | 2221|
|Cox, John | 2151|
|Masterman | 1914|
|Hill and Rice | 1853|
|Gray and Dacre | 1760|
|Plimmer | 1747|
|Hayward | 1737|
|Verey, W. and C. | 1573|
|Williamson and Co. | 1566|
|Honeyball | 1512|
|Satchell and Son | 1441|
|Clarke, C. | 1330|
|Colyer | 1299|
|Filmer and Wall | 1298|
|Nicholls and Co. | 1240|
|Hagan | 1143|
|Hume | 1126|
|Buckley and Co. | 1025|
|Verey, J. | 1017|
|Collins, J. | 966|
|Jones | 956|
|Ufford and Oldershaw | 953|
|Blogg, B. | 943|
|Ing | 900|
|Keep | 886|
|Soulby | 861|
|Clarke, R. | 834|
|Jenner | 833|
|Manvell | 824|
|M’Leods | 820|
|Braithwaite | 799|
|Addison | 768|
|Turner | 766|
|Holt | 756|
|Church | 742|
|Clarke, S. | 741|
|Mann, Joel | 733|
|Turner | 712|
|Mantell | 693|
|Lock | 651|
|Hood | 649|
|Pink, A. | 636|
|Collins | 598|
|Wright | 588|
|West | 565|
|Abbott | 560|
|Hett (6 months) | 552|
|Wells | 520|
|Higgs | 475|
|Harris, Robt. | 470|
|Woodward | 462|
|Wicks | 441|
|Bell | 440|
|Thompson | 406|
|Mattam | 400|
|M’Intosh | 397|
|Thurlby | 392|
|Griffiths | 391|
|Kay | 360|
|Tidman | 332|
|Lindsay | 326|
|Cooper | 315|
|West | 306|
|Carpenter | 299|
|Green | 292|
|Chapman | 286|
|Brace | 266|
|Clark | 248|
|Allen | 245|
|Powditch | 238|
|Garnett | 232|
|Hill | 222|
|Olley | 214|
|Ward | 206|
|Bye | 201|
|Newton | 175|
|Chadwick | 169|
|Prosser | 166|
|Smith | 164|
|Edwards | 156|
|Pugh | 155|
|Hainstock | 155|
|Lloyd | 154|
|Reynolds | 151|
|Latham | 142|
|Meaton | 140|
|Brewer | 135|
|Stirling | 133|
|Ambler | 130|
|Potter | 122|
|Champion | 121|
|Miller | 115|
|Edwards | 108|
|Easton | 105|
|Griffiths | 105|
|Hopkins | 91|
|Hudson | 90|
|Thorpe | 89|
|Burt | 88|
|Bowden | 88|
|Batt | 84|
|Phillips | 83|
|Jewit | 82|
|Tyler | 76|
|Whittaker | 75|
|Begbie | 75|
|Carter | 75|
|Priddle | 74|
|Coomber | 73|
|Stallwood | 71|
|Jones | 71|
|Rose | 67|
|Norris | 67|
|Remnant | 62|
|Kearney | 62|
|Smith | 62|
|Woodroffe | 60|
|Knight | 60|
|Graves | 54|
|Sheppard | 52|
|Field | 51|
|Bradfield | 51|
|Webb | 50|
|Chapman | 48|
|Price | 45|
|Godfrey | 45|
|Hobbs | 32|
|Denman | 31|
+--------------------------------+-------+
| Qrs. |
|Quantity used 1836, 754,313|
|Quantity used 1837, 714,488|
| -------|
| Decrease 1837, 39,825|
| -------|
| JOHN SLATER, _Cask Inspector_. |
|_Hop-Duty_, 1837. (_Old_) _£_178,578. |
|3_s._ 0-1/2_d._ |
+----------------------------------------+