fruit, the upper part falling away. Corolla funnel-form, with a large
and spreading 5--10-toothed plaited border. Stigma 2-lipped. Capsule
globular, prickly, 4-valved, 2-celled, with 2 thick placentae; projected
from the axis into the middle of the cells, and connected with the walls
by an imperfect false partition, so that the capsule is 4-celled except
near the top, the placentae as if on the middle of these false
partitions. Seeds rather large, flat.--Rank weeds, narcotic-poisonous,
with ovate leaves, and large showy flowers on short peduncles in the
forks of the branching stem; produced all summer and autumn. (Altered
from the Arabic name, _Tatorah_.)
D. STRAMONIUM, L. (COMMON STRAMONIUM or THORN APPLE.) Annual, glabrous;
leaves ovate, sinuate-toothed or angled; _stem green; corolla white_ (3'
long), the border with 5 teeth; lower prickles of the capsule mostly
shorter.--Waste grounds; a well-known ill-scented weed. (Adv. from
Asia?)
D. TATULA, L. (PURPLE T.) Mostly taller; _stem purple; corolla pale
violet-purple_; prickles of the capsule nearly equal.--Waste grounds, in
the Atlantic States. (Adv. from trop. Amer.)
8. NICOTIANA, Tourn. TOBACCO.
Calyx tubular-bell-shaped, 5-cleft. Corolla funnel-form or salver-form,
usually with a long tube; the plaited border 5-lobed. Stigma capitate.
Capsule 2-celled, 2--4-valved from the apex. Seeds minute.--Rank
acrid-narcotic herbs, mostly clammy-pubescent, with ample entire leaves,
and racemed or panicled flowers. (Named after _John Nicot_, who was
thought to have introduced Tobacco (N. TABACUM, L.) into Europe.)
N. RUSTICA, L. (WILD TOBACCO.) Annual; leaves ovate, petioled; tube of
the dull greenish-yellow corolla cylindrical, two thirds longer than the
calyx, the lobes rounded.--Old fields, from N. Y. westward and
southward; a relic of cultivation by the Indians. (Of unknown nativity.)
ORDER 75. SCROPHULARIACEAE. (FIGWORT FAMILY.)
_Chiefly herbs (rarely trees), with didynamous stamens (or perfect
stamens often only 2, rarely 5) inserted on the tube of the 2-lipped or
more or less irregular corolla, the lobes of which are imbricated in the
bud; fruit a 2-celled and usually many-seeded capsule, with the
placentae; in the axis; seeds anatropous, or amphitropous, with a small
embryo in copious albumen._--Style single; stigma entire or 2-lobed.
Leaves and inflorescence various; but the flowers not terminal in any
genuine representatives of the order.--A large order of bitterish
plants, some of them narcotic-poisonous.
I. ANTIRRHINIDEAE. Upper lip or lobes of the corolla covering the lower
in the bud (with occasional exceptions in Mimulas, etc.) Capsule usually
septicidal.
Tribe I. VERBASCEAE. Corolla rotate. Flowers racemose. Leaves alternate.
1. Verbascum. Stamens 5, all with anthers, and 3 or all with bearded
filaments.
Tribe II. ANTIRRHINEAE. Corolla tubular, with a spur or sac at the base
below, the throat usually with a palate. Capsule opening by chinks or
holes. Flowers in simple racemes or axillary. Lower leaves usually
opposite or whorled. Stamens 4.
2. Linaria. Corolla spurred at base; the palate seldom closing the
throat.
3. Antirrhinum. Corolla merely saccate at base; the palate closing the
throat.
Tribe III. CHELONEAE. Corolla tubular, or 2-lipped, not spurred nor
saccate below. Capsule 2--4-valved. Leaves opposite. Inflorescence
usually compound, of small axillary spiked or racemed or umbel-like
clusters or cymes, or when reduced to a single flower the peduncle
mostly 2-bracteate. Stamens 4, and usually a rudiment of the fifth.
4. Scrophularia. Corolla inflated, globular or oblong, with four erect
lobes and one spreading one. Rudiment of the sterile stamen a scale on
the upper lip.
5. Collinsia. Corolla 2-cleft, the short tube saccate on the upper side;
the middle lobe of the lower lip sac-like and enclosing the declined
stamens.
6. Chelone. Corolla tubular inflated above. Sterile stamen shorter than
the others. Anthers very woolly. Seeds winged.
7. Pentstemon. Corolla tubular. Sterile stamen about as long as the
rest. Seeds wingless.
Tribe IV. GRATIOLEAE. Corolla tubular, not saccate nor spurred. Capsule
2-valved. Flowers solitary in the axils of bracts or leaves, peduncles
naked (or 2-bracteolate in n. 12). Leaves all or the lower ones
opposite. No trace of a fifth stamen.
[*] Stamens 4, all anther-bearing and similar.
8. Mimulus. Calyx prismatic, 5-angled, 5-toothed. Corolla elongated.
9. Conobea. Calyx 5-parted, the divisions equal. Corolla short.
10. Herpestis. Calyx 5-parted, unequal, the upper division largest.
Corolla short.
11. Limosella. Calyx 5-toothed. Corolla open bell-shaped, 5-cleft,
nearly regular. Leaves alternate or fascicled, fleshy. Dwarf aquatic or
marsh plant.
[*][*] Anther-bearing stamens 2; usually also a pair of sterile
filaments.
12. Gratiola. Calyx 5-parted. Stamens included; the sterile pair short
or none.
13. Ilysanthes. Calyx 5-parted. Stamens included; the sterile filaments
protruded.
14. Micranthemum. Flowers minute. Calyx 4-toothed or cleft. Upper lip of
corolla short or none. Filaments with an appendage; sterile pair none.
Dwarf aquatic.
II. RHINANTHIDEAE. Under lip or the lateral lobes of the corolla covering
the upper in the bud. Capsule commonly loculicidal.
Tribe V. DIGITALEAE. Corolla wheel-shaped, salver-shaped, or bell-shaped.
Stamens 2 or 4, not approaching in pairs nor strongly didynamous;
anthers 2-celled.
15. Synthyris. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla bell-shaped, 2--4-lobed,
irregular. Stamens 2 or 4. Leaves alternate. Flowers racemed.
16. Veronica. Calyx 4-(rarely 3--5-) parted. Corolla wheel-shaped or
salver-shaped, almost regular. Stamens 2. Leaves chiefly opposite or
whorled. Flowers racemed.
Tribe VI. GERARDIEAE. Corolla with a spreading and slightly unequal
5-lobed limb. Stamens 4, approximate in pairs. Leaves opposite, or the
uppermost alternate.
[*] Corolla salver-shaped. Anthers 1-celled. Flowers in a spike.
17. Buchnera. Calyx tubular, 5-toothed. Limb of the elongated corolla
5-cleft.
[*][*] Corolla bell-shaped to funnel-form; anthers 2-celled.
18. Seymeria. Stamens nearly equal. Tube of the corolla broad, not
longer than the lobe.
19. Gerardia. Stamens strongly unequal, included.
Tribe VII. EUPHRASIEAE. Corolla tubular, obviously 2-lipped; the upper
lip narrow, erect or arched, enclosing the 4 usually strongly didynamous
stamens.
[*] Anther-cells unequal and separated. Capsule many-seeded.
20. Castilleia. Calyx tubular, cleft down the lower, and often also on
the upper, side. Upper lip of corolla elongated; the lower short, often
very small.
21. Orthocarpus. Calyx tubular-campanulate, 4-cleft. Upper lip of
corolla little longer and usually much narrower than the inflated lower
one.
[*][*] Anther-cells equal. Capsule many--several-seeded.
22. Schwalbea. Calyx 5-toothed, very oblique, the upper tooth much the
smallest.
23. Euphrasia. Calyx 4-cleft. Upper lip of the corolla 2-lobed, and
sides folded back. Capsule oblong.
24. Bartsia. Calyx 4-cleft. Upper lip of corolla entire and sides not
folded back.
25. Rhinanthus. Calyx inflated, ovate. Capsule orbicular; seeds winged.
26. Pedicularis. Calyx not inflated. Capsule ovate or sword-shaped;
seeds wingless.
[*][*][*] Anther-cells equal. Capsule 1--4-seeded.
27. Melampyrum. Calyx 4-cleft. Ovary 2-celled, 4-ovuled. Capsule flat,
oblique.
1. VERBASCUM, L. MULLEIN.
Calyx 5-parted. Corolla 5-lobed, open or concave, wheel-shaped; the
lobes broad and rounded, a little unequal. Stamens 5, all the filaments,
or the 3 upper, woolly. Style flattened at the apex. Capsule globular,
many-seeded.--Tall and usually woolly biennial herbs, with alternate
leaves, those of the stem sessile or decurrent. Flowers in large
terminal spikes or racemes, ephemeral; in summer. (The ancient Latin
name, altered from _Barbascum_.)
V. THAPSUS, L. (COMMON MULLEIN.) _Densely woolly throughout; stem tall
and stout, simple_, winged by the decurrent bases of the oblong acute
leaves; _flowers_ (yellow, very rarely white) _in a prolonged and very
dense cylindrical spike_; lower stamens usually beardless.--Fields, a
common weed. (Nat. from Eu.)
V. BLATTARIA, L. (MOTH M.) _Green and smoothish, slender_; lower leaves
petioled, oblong, doubly serrate, sometimes lyre-shaped, the upper
partly clasping, _raceme loose_; filaments all bearded with violet
wool.--Roadsides, throughout our range. Corolla either yellow, or white
with a tinge of purple. (Nat. from Eu.)
V. LYCHNITIS, L. (WHITE M.) _Clothed with thin powdery woolliness_; stem
and branches angled above; leaves ovate, acute, not decurrent, greenish
above; _flowers_ (yellow, rarely white) _in a pyramidal panicle_;
filaments with whitish wool.--Fields, N. Atlantic States, rather rare.
(Adv. from Eu.)
2. LINARIA, Tourn. TOAD-FLAX.
Calyx 5-parted. Corolla personate, with the prominent palate often
nearly closing the throat, spurred at base on the lower side. Stamens 4.
Capsule thin, opening below the summit by one or two pores or chinks.
Seeds many.--Herbs, with at least all the upper leaves alternate (in
ours), fl. in summer. (Name from _Linum_, the Flax, which the leaves of
some species resemble.)
[*] _Slender glabrous annual or biennial; leaves linear, entire and
alternate (or smaller, oblong, and opposite on procumbent shoots), small
blue flowers in a naked terminal raceme_.
1. L. Canadensis, Dumont. Flowering stems nearly simple (6--30' high);
leaves flat (1--2'' wide); pedicels erect, not longer than the filiform
curved spur of the corolla.--Sandy soil, common.
[*][*] _Perennial, erect (1--3 deg. high), glabrous, with narrow entire and
alternate pale leaves, and yellow flowers in a terminal raceme._
L. VULGARIS, Mill. (RAMSTED. BUTTER AND EGGS.) Leaves linear or nearly
so, extremely numerous; raceme dense; corolla 1' long or more, including
the slender subulate spur; seeds winged.--Fields and roadsides,
throughout our range. (Nat. from Eu.)
L. GENISTIFOLIA, Mill. Glaucous, paniculately branched; leaves
lanceolate, acute; flowers smaller and more scattered; seeds
wingless.--Sparingly naturalized near New York. (Nat. from Eu.)
[*][*][*] _Annual, procumbent, much branched, with broad petioled veiny
alternate leaves, and small purplish and yellow flowers from their
axils._
L. ELATINE, Mill. Spreading over the ground, slender, hairy; leaves
hastate or the lower ovate, much surpassed by the filiform peduncles;
calyx-lobes lanceolate, acute; corolla 3--4'' long, including the
subulate spur.--Sandy banks and shores, Canada to N. C., rather rare.
(Nat. from Eu.)
L. SPURIA, Mill. Like the preceding, but with roundish or cordate leaves
and ovate or cordate calyx-lobes.--Occasionally occurs on ballast or
waste grounds near cities. (Nat. from Eu.)
3. ANTIRRHINUM, Tourn. SNAPDRAGON.
Corolla saccate at the base, the throat closed by the large bearded
palate. Seeds oblong-truncate. Otherwise nearly as Linaria.--Corolla
commonly showy, resembling the face of an animal or a mask; whence the
name (from [Greek: a)nti/], _like_, and [Greek: r(i/n], _a snout_.) Fl.
summer and autumn.
A. ORONTIUM, L. A small-flowered annual or biennial, low, erect; leaves
lance-linear; spike loose, leafy; sepals longer than the purplish or
white corolla.--About gardens and old fields in Atlantic States. (Adv.
from Eu.)
A. MAJUS, L. (LARGE SNAPDRAGON.) A large-flowered perennial, with oblong
smooth leaves and a glandular-downy raceme; sepals short; corolla 11/2--2'
long, purple or white.--Eastward, escaping from gardens. (Adv. from Eu.)
4. SCROPHULARIA, Tourn. FIGWORT.
Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Corolla with a somewhat globular tube; the 4 upper
lobes of the short border erect (the two upper longer), the lower
spreading. Stamens 4, declined, with the anther-cells transverse and
confluent into one; the fifth stamen a scale-like rudiment at the summit
of the tube of the corolla. Capsule many-seeded.--Rank herbs, with
mostly opposite leaves, and small greenish-purple or lurid flowers in
loose cymes, forming a terminal narrow panicle. (So called because a
reputed remedy for _scrofula_.)
1. S. nodosa, L., var. Marilandica, Gray. Smooth perennial (3--5 deg. high),
stem 4-sided; leaves ovate, oblong, or the upper lanceolate, acuminate,
cut-serrate, rounded or rarely heart-shaped at base.--Damp grounds,
N. Eng. to Fla., west to the Rocky Mts. (Eu., Asia, the type.)
5. COLLINSIA, Nutt.
Calyx deeply 5-cleft. Corolla declined, with the tube saccate or bulging
at the base on the upper side, deeply 2-lipped; the upper lip 2-cleft,
its lobes partly turned backward, the lower 3-cleft, its middle lobe
keeled and sac-like, enclosing the 4 declined stamens and style. Fifth
stamen a gland-like rudiment. Capsule 4--many-seeded.--Slender
branching annuals or biennials, with opposite leaves, and handsome
party-colored flowers in umbel-like clusters, appearing whorled in the
axils of the upper leaves. (Dedicated to the late _Zaccheus Collins_, of
Philadelphia, an accurate botanist.)
1. C. verna, Nutt. Slender (6--20' high), lower leaves ovate, the upper
ovate-lanceolate, clasping by the heart-shaped base, toothed; _whorls
about 6-flowered; flowers long-peduncled; corolla (blue and white) twice
the length of the calyx_.--Moist soil, western N. Y. to W. Va., Wisc.,
and Ky. May, June.
2. C. parviflora, Dougl. Small; lower leaves ovate or rounded, the upper
oblong-lanceolate, mostly entire; _whorls 2--6-flowered; flowers
short-peduncled_; the small (blue) _corolla scarcely exceeding the
calyx_.--Shore of L. Superior, N. Mich., and westward.
6. CHELONE, Tourn. TURTLE-HEAD. SNAKE-HEAD.
Calyx of 5 distinct imbricated sepals. Corolla inflated-tubular, with
the mouth a little open; upper lip broad and arched, keeled in the
middle, notched at the apex; the lower woolly-bearded in the throat,
3-lobed at the apex, the middle lobe smallest. Stamens 4, with woolly
filaments and very woolly heart-shaped anthers, and a fifth sterile
filament smaller than the others. Seeds many, wing-margined.--Smooth
perennials, with upright branching stems, opposite serrate leaves, and
large white or purple flowers, which are nearly sessile in spikes or
clusters, and closely imbricated with round-ovate concave bracts and
bractlets. (Name from [Greek: chelo/ne], _a tortoise_, the corolla
resembling in shape the head of a reptile.)
1. C. glabra, L. A foot or two (or even 6--7 deg.) high; _leaves narrowly to
rather broadly lanceolate_ (4--5' long, 4--12'' wide), gradually
acuminate, serrate with sharp appressed teeth, narrowed at base usually
into a very short petiole; _bracts not ciliate; corolla white, or barely
tinged with rose._--Wet places, Newf. to Minn., south to Fla. and Tex.
2. C. obliqua, L. Less strict or with spreading branches, 1--2 deg. high;
_leaves broadly lanceolate to oblong_ (2--5' long), sometimes
laciniately serrate, more veiny and duller, acute or obtuse at base,
mostly short-petioled; _bracts ciliolate; corolla deep and bright
rose-color_.--S. Ill. to Va. and Fla.
7. PENTSTEMON, Mitchell. BEARD-TONGUE.
Calyx 5-parted. Corolla tubular and more or less inflated, or
bell-shaped, either decidedly or slightly 2-lipped; the upper lip
2-lobed, and the lower 3-cleft. Stamens 4, declined at the base,
ascending above, and a fifth sterile filament usually as long as the
others, either naked or bearded. Seeds numerous, wingless.--Perennials,
branched from the base, simple above, with opposite leaves, the upper
sessile and mostly clasping. Flowers mostly showy, thyrsoid or
racemose-panicled. (Name from [Greek: pe/nte], _five_, and [Greek:
ste/mon], _stamen_; the fifth stamen being present and conspicuous,
although sterile.)
[*] _Viscid or glandular above, more or less pubescent or glabrous
below; leaves often toothed or denticulate._
[+] _Thyrse somewhat open; leaves ovate-lanceolate to linear; corolla
9--12'' long, the lower lip usually bearded within._
1. P. pubescens, Solander. _Stem 1--2 deg. high, viscid-pubescent_ (at least
the inflorescence); _leaves oblong to lanceolate_ (2--4' long), the
lowest and radical ovate or oblong, usually denticulate; _thyrse narrow;
corolla dull violet or purple_ (or partly whitish), _very moderately
dilated, the throat nearly closed by a villous-bearded palate; sterile
filament densely bearded_.--Dry or rocky grounds, S. Maine (_Miss
Furbish_) to Minn., south to Fla. and Tex.
2. P. laevigatus, Solander. _Stem 2--4 deg. high, mostly glabrous_ except the
inflorescence; leaves _firmer_, somewhat glossy, the _cauline ovate- or
oblong-lanceolate_ with subcordate clasping base (2--5' long); _thyrse
broader; corolla white_ (commonly tinged with purple), _abruptly and
broadly inflated, the throat widely open; sterile filament thinly
bearded above_.--Moist or rich soil, Penn. to Fla. and westward, where
the common form is
Var. Digitalis, Gray. Stem sometimes 5 deg. high; corolla larger and more
abruptly inflated, white. (P. Digitalis, _Nutt._)--Penn. to Iowa, Mo.,
Ark., etc.
3. P. gracilis, Nutt. Glabrous or puberulent, viscid-pubescent above, 1 deg.
high or less; stem-leaves mostly linear-lanceolate, the radical
spatulate or oblong; corolla tubular-funnel-form or nearly cylindrical
with open throat, lilac-purple or whitish.--Minn. to Mo., and westward.
[+][+] _Thyrse raceme-like. All extreme western._
4. P. Cobaea, Nutt. _Soft-puberulent_, 1 deg. high; _leaves ovate or oblong_,
or the lower broadly lanceolate and the upper cordate-clasping, _mostly
sharply toothed_; thyrse short; _corolla 2' long, broadly ventricose_,
dull purple or whitish.--Prairies, Kan. to Tex.
5. P. tubiflorus, Nutt. _Wholly glabrous_ excepting the viscid ovate
sepals, 2--3 deg. high; _leaves oblong or ovate-lanceolate, entire or
sparsely toothed_, the floral shorter than the remote dense clusters of
the virgate thyrse; _corolla 9'' long, the narrow tube gradually dilated
upward_, white or whitish.--Low prairies, Kan. and Ark.
6. P. albidus, Nutt. _Viscid-pubescent_, 6--10' high; _leaves
oblong-lanceolate or narrow_, entire or sparsely toothed; _clusters_ of
the strict thryse few-flowered, _approximate; sepals lanceolate, densely
pubescent; corolla_ 9'' long, _with shorter tube and more dilated
throat_.--Plains, Neb. to Dak. and Tex.
[*][*] _Glabrous throughout and glaucous; leaves sessile, entire; thryse
raceme-like._
7. P. grandiflorus, Nutt. Stem 2--4 deg. high; _leaves_ thickish, the upper
and floral _rounded, all but the obovate radical ones clasping or
perfoliate_; pedicels short; _corolla 2' long, oblong-campanulate_,
nearly regular, lilac or lavender-blue; sterile filament hooked and
minutely bearded at the apex.--Prairies, from Ill. and Wisc. to Dak.,
Neb., and Kan.
8. P. glaber, Pursh. Stems 1--2 deg. high, _leaves_ mostly
_oblong-lanceolate or the upper ovate-lanceolate_; thryse elongated, the
peduncles and pedicels very short; _corolla 1--11/2' long_, bright blue to
violet-purple, _dilated above_; anthers and apex of sterile filament
glabrous or sparsely hirsute.--Plains of E. Neb. to Dak., and westward.
9. P. acuminatus, Dougl. Stems 6--20' high, stout; _leaves_ thick, the
lower _obovate or oblong, the upper lanceolate to broadly ovate or
cordate-clasping_, acute or acuminate; thyrse leafy below, very narrow;
_corolla 9'' long_, lilac or violet; sterile filament mostly bearded
above.--Kan. to Minn., and westward.
8. MIMULUS, L. MONKEY-FLOWER.
Calyx prismatic, 5-angled, 5-toothed, the upper tooth largest. Corolla
tubular; upper lip erect or reflexed-spreading, 2-lobed; the lower
spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4. Stigma 2-lobed, the lobes ovate. Seeds
numerous.--Herbs, with opposite leaves, and mostly handsome flowers on
solitary axillary and bractless peduncles. (Diminutive of _mimus_, a
buffoon, from the grinning corolla.)
[*] _Erect from a perennial root, glabrous; leaves feather-veined;
corolla violet-purple._
1. M. ringens, L. Stem square (1--2 deg. high); _leaves oblong or
lanceolate, pointed, clasping_ by a heart-shaped base, serrate;
peduncles longer than the flower; calyx-teeth taper-pointed, nearly
equal; corolla personate.--Wet places, N. Eng. to Minn., and southward;
common. July--Sept.--Flower 1--11/2' long, rarely white.
2. M. alatus, Ait. Stem somewhat winged at the angles; _leaves
oblong-ovate, tapering into a petiole_; peduncles shorter than the
calyx, which has very short abruptly pointed teeth; otherwise like the
last.--Wet places, western N. Eng. to Ill., south to N. C. and Tex.
[*][*] _Leaves several-nerved and veiny, dentate, the upper sessile and
clasping; calyx oblique, the upper tooth longest; corolla yellow, the
lower lip bearded._
3. M. Jamesii, Torr. Diffusely spreading, smooth or smoothish; stems
creeping at base; stem-leaves roundish or kidney-shaped, nearly sessile,
equalling the peduncles; calyx ovate, inflated in fruit; throat of
corolla broad and open.--In water or wet places, usually in springs,
N. Mich. and Minn. to Ill., Kan., and westward.
M. LUTEUS, L. Erect or with later branches spreading; leaves ovate to
roundish or subcordate; corolla deep yellow, with brown-purple dots or
blotches, often large.--Wet meadows, Norfolk, Ct. (Adv. from Calif.)
9. CONOBEA, Aublet.
Calyx 5-parted, equal. Upper lip of corolla 3-lobed, the lower 3-parted.
Stamens 4, fertile; anthers approximate. Stigma 2-lobed, the lobes
wedge-form. Seeds numerous.--Low branching herbs, with opposite leaves,
and small solitary flowers on axillary peduncles. (Name unexplained.)
1. C. multifida, Benth. Annual, diffusely spreading, much branched,
minutely pubescent; leaves petioled, pinnately parted, divisions
linear-wedge-shaped; peduncles naked; corolla (greenish-white) scarcely
longer than the calyx.--Along streams and shores, Ohio to Ill., Ark.,
and Tex.; also adv. below Philadelphia. July--Sept.
10. HERPESTIS, Gaertn. f.
Calyx 5-parted; the upper division broadest, the innermost often very
narrow. Upper lip of the corolla entire, notched or 2-cleft, and the
lower 3-lobed, or the limb nearly equally 5-lobed. Stamens 4, all
fertile. Style dilated or 2-lobed at the apex. Seeds numerous.--Low
herbs, with opposite leaves, and solitary axillary flowers; in summer;
ours rather succulent perennials. (Name from [Greek: e(rpeste/s], _a
creeping thing_, the species being chiefly procumbent.)
[*] _Corolla plainly bilabiate, the 2 upper lobes united to form the
upper lip; leaves many-nerved._
1. H. nigrescens, Benth. Erect or ascending, very leafy, glabrous;
leaves pinnately veined, oblong to cuneate-lanceolate (1--2' long),
serrate; pedicels equalling and the upper surpassing the leaves; corolla
whitish or purplish.--Wet places, Md. and N. C. to Tex., along and near
the coast.
2. H. rotundifolia, Pursh. Nearly smooth, creeping; _leaves
round-obovate, half-clasping_ (1/2--1' long), entire, basally nerved;
_peduncles twice or thrice the length of the calyx_; upper sepal ovate;
corolla white or pale blue.--Margins of ponds, Ill. to Minn., Mo., and
southward.
3. H. amplexicaulis, Pursh. Stems hairy, creeping at base; _leaves
ovate, clasping_, entire, basally nerved; _peduncles shorter than the
calyx_; upper sepal heart-shaped; corolla blue.--Margin of pine-barren
ponds, N. J. and Md. to La.--Aromatic when bruised.
[*][*] _Corolla obscurely bilabiate, the limb subequally 5-lobed;
stamens almost equal._
4. H. Monniera, HBK. Glabrous, prostrate and creeping; leaves spatulate
to obovate-cuneate, entire or somewhat toothed, nearly nerveless,
sessile; corolla pale blue.--River-banks and shores near the sea, Md. to
Tex.
11. LIMOSELLA, L. MUDWORT.
Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed. Corolla short, widely bell-shaped,
5-cleft, nearly regular. Stamens 4; anthers confluently 1-celled. Style
short, club-shaped. Capsule globular, many-seeded; the partition thin
and vanishing.--Small annuals, growing in mud, usually near the
sea-shore, creeping by slender runners, without ascending stems; the
entire fleshy leaves in dense clusters around the simple 1-flowered
naked peduncles. Flowers small, white or purplish. (Name from _limus_,
mud, and _sella_, seat.)