distinct from the petiole) awl-shaped or thread-form.--Brackish
river-banks and shores, Lab. to N. J., and far north and west. (Eu.,
Asia, etc.)
12. GRATIOLA, L. HEDGE-HYSSOP.
Calyx 5-parted, the narrow divisions nearly equal. Upper lip of corolla
entire or 2-cleft, the lower 3-cleft. Fertile stamens 2, included,
posterior; the anterior mere sterile filaments, or wanting. Style
dilated or 2-lipped at the apex. Capsule 4-valved, many-seeded.--Low
herbs, mostly perennials, some apparently annuals, with opposite sessile
leaves, and axillary 1-flowered peduncles, usually with 2 bractlets at
the base of the calyx. Flowering all summer; all inhabiting wet or damp
places. (Name from _gratia_, grace or favor, on account of supposed
excellent medicinal properties.)
Sec. 1. _Anthers with a broad connective, the cells transverse; stems
mostly diffusely branched, or creeping at base, soft viscid-pubescent or
smooth; corollas 4--6'' long; bractlets foliaceous, equalling the
calyx._
[*] _Sterile filaments minute or none; corolla whitish, with the tube
yellowish._
1. G. Virginiana, L. Stem clammy-puberulent above (4--6' high); leaves
lanceolate with narrow base, acute, entire or sparingly toothed,
_peduncles almost equalling the leaves_ (1/2--1' long); pod ovoid (2''
long).--Very common.
2. G. sphaerocarpa, Ell. Smooth, rather stout (5--10' high); leaves
lance-ovate or oblong to oval-obovate (1--2' long), toothed; _peduncles
scarcely longer than the calyx_ and the large (3'') globular pod.--N. J.
and Md. to Ill., south to Fla. and Tex.
[*][*] _Sterile filaments slender, tipped with a little head; leaves
short (1/2--1' long)._
3. G. viscosa, Schwein. _Clammy-pubescent or glandular; leaves
ovate-lanceolate or oblong_, acute, toothed, mostly shorter than the
peduncles; _corolla whitish, yellow within_.--Ky. to N. C. and Ga.
4. G. aurea, Muhl. _Nearly glabrous; leaves lanceolate or oblong-linear,
entire_, equalling the peduncles; _corolla golden-yellow_ (1/2'
long).--Sandy swamps, Vt. and N. H. to Ohio, and south to Fla.
Sec. 2. _Anthers with no broad connective, the cells vertical; sterile
filaments tipped with a head; hairy apparently annual plants, with erect
rigid and more simple stems._
5. G. pilosa, Michx. Leaves ovate or oblong, sparingly toothed, sessile
(1/2' long); flowers nearly sessile; corolla white, 3--4'' long, scarcely
exceeding the calyx.--Low ground, N. J. to Fla. and Tex.
13. ILYSANTHES, Raf.
Calyx 5-parted, nearly equal. Upper lip of corolla short, erect,
2-lobed; the lower larger and spreading, 3-cleft. Fertile stamens 2,
included, posterior; the anterior pair sterile, inserted in the throat,
2-lobed, without anthers; one of the lobes glandular, the other smooth,
usually short and tooth-like. Stigma 2-lobed. Capsule ovate or oblong,
many-seeded.--Small and smooth annuals, with opposite leaves, and small
axillary (purplish) flowers, on filiform naked pedicels, or the upper
racemed, produced all summer. (Name from [Greek: i)ly/s], _mud_, or
_mire_, and [Greek: a)/nthos], _flower_.)
1. I. riparia, Raf. (FALSE PIMPERNEL.) Much branched, diffusely
spreading (4--8' high), or at first simple and erect, leafy; leaves
ovate, rounded, or oblong, sparingly toothed or entire, the upper partly
clasping; corolla 3'' long. (I. gratioloides, _Benth._)--Wet places;
common.
14. MICRANTHEMUM, Michx.
Calyx 4-lobed or 4- (rarely 5-) parted. Corolla short, 2-lipped, with
the upper lip considerably shorter than the lower, or 1-lipped, the
upper lip obsolete; lower lip 3-cleft, the middle lobe longest. Stamens
2, anterior, the short filaments with a glandular (mostly basal)
appendage; anthers 2-celled, didymous; no sterile filaments. Style
short; the stigma 2-lobed. Capsule globular, thin, with a very delicate
or evanescent partition, several--many-seeded.--Small, smooth, depressed
and tufted or creeping annuals, in mud or shallow water, with opposite
and entire rounded or spatulate sessile leaves, and minute white or
purplish flowers solitary in the axils of some of the middle leaves
(usually one axil floriferous, that of the other leaf sterile). (Name
formed of [Greek: mikro/s], _small_, and [Greek: a)/nthemon], _flower_.)
1. M. Nuttallii, Gray. Branches ascending, 1--2' high; leaves
obovate-spatulate or oval; peduncles at length recurved, about the
length of the calyx, which is bell-shaped, 4-toothed and usually split
down on one side, in fruit becoming pear-shaped; middle lobe of the
corolla linear-oblong, nearly twice the length of the lateral ones;
appendage of the stamen nearly as long as the filament itself; stigmas
subulate.--Tidal mud of rivers, N. J. to Fla. Aug.--Oct.
15. SYNTHYRIS, Benth.
Calyx 4-parted. Corolla somewhat bell-shaped, variously 2--4-lobed or
cleft. Stamens 2, inserted just below the upper sinuses, occasionally
with another pair from the other sinuses, exserted; anther-cells not
confluent. Style slender; stigma simple. Capsule flattened, rounded,
obtuse or notched, 2-celled (rarely 3-lobed and 3-celled), many-seeded,
loculicidal; the valves cohering below with the axis.--Perennial herbs,
with the simple stems beset with partly clasping bract-like alternate
leaves, the root-leaves rounded and petioled, crenate. Flowers in a
raceme or spike, bracteate. (Name from [Greek: sy/n], _together_, and
[Greek: thyri/s], _a little door_; in allusion to the closed valves of
the pod.)
1. S. Houghtoniana, Benth. Hairy; root-leaves ovate, heart-shaped; spike
dense (5--12' long); corolla (greenish-white or yellowish) not longer
than the calyx, usually 2--3-parted.--Oak-barrens and prairies, Mich. to
Minn., south to Ind., Ill., and Iowa.
16. VERONICA, L. SPEEDWELL.
Calyx 4- (rarely 3--5-) parted. Corolla wheel-shaped or salver-shaped,
the border 4-parted (rarely 5-parted); the lateral lobes or the lower
one commonly narrower than the others. Stamens 2, one each side of the
upper lobe of the corolla, exserted; anther-cells confluent at the apex.
Style entire; stigma single. Capsule flattened, obtuse or notched at the
apex, 2-celled, few--many-seeded.--Chiefly herbs; leaves mostly opposite
or whorled; flowers blue, flesh-color, or white. (Derivation doubtful;
perhaps the flower of _St. Veronica_.)
Sec. 1. LEPTANDRA. _Tall perennials, with mostly whorled leaves; racemes
terminal, dense, spiked; bracts very small; tube of the corolla longer
than its limb and much longer than the calyx; both sometimes 5-cleft._
1. V. Virginica, L. (CULVER'S-ROOT. CULVER'S PHYSIC.) Smooth or rather
downy; stem simple, straight (2--6 deg. high); leaves whorled in fours to
sevens, short-petioled, lanceolate, pointed, finely serrate; spikes
panicled; corolla small, nearly white; stamens much exserted; capsule
oblong-ovate, not notched, opening by 4 teeth at the apex,
many-seeded.--Rich woods, Vt. to Minn., E. Kan., and southward. July,
Aug.
Sec. 2. VERONICA proper. _Corolla wheel-shaped; capsule more or less
notched, strongly flattened except in n. 2 and 3; low herbs._
[*] _Perennials, stoloniferous or rooting at base, with opposite usually
serrate leaves; racemes axillary, mostly opposite; corolla pale blue._
[+] _Capsule turgid, orbicular, many-seeded._
2. V. Anagallis, L. (WATER SPEEDWELL.) Smooth, creeping and rooting at
base, then erect; _leaves sessile, most of them clasping by a
heart-shaped base, ovate-lanceolate_, acute, serrate or entire (2--3'
long); pedicels spreading; corolla pale blue with purple stripes;
capsule slightly notched.--Brooks and ditches, N. Eng. to N. J., west to
the Rocky Mts. June--Aug. (Eu., Asia.)
3. V. Americana, Schweinitz. (AMERICAN BROOKLIME.) Smooth, decumbent at
base, then erect (8--15' high); _leaves mostly petioled, ovate or
oblong_, serrate, thickish, truncate or slightly heart-shaped at base;
the slender pedicels spreading.--Brooks and ditches, common. June--Aug.
[+][+] _Capsule strongly flattened, several-seeded._
4. V. scutellata, L. (MARSH SPEEDWELL.) _Smooth_, slender and weak
(6--12' high); _leaves sessile, linear, acute, remotely denticulate;
racemes 1 or 2, very slender_ and zigzag; _flowers few and scattered_,
on elongated spreading or reflexed pedicels; capsule very flat, much
broader than long, notched at both ends or didymous.--Bogs, common.
June--Aug. (Eu., Asia.)
5. V. officinalis, L. (COMMON SPEEDWELL.) _Pubescent_; stem _prostrate_,
rooting at base; _leaves short-petioled, obovate-elliptical or
wedge-oblong, obtuse, serrate; racemes densely many-flowered_; pedicels
shorter than the calyx; capsule obovate-triangular, broadly
notched.--Dry hills and open woods, N. Eng. to Mich., and southward.
July. (Eu., Asia.)
V. CHAMAEDRYS, L. Stem _pubescent_, at least in two lines, ascending from
a creeping base; _leaves subsessile, ovate or cordate, incisely crenate;
racemes loosely-flowered_; pedicels little longer than calyx; capsule
triangular-obcordate.--Sparingly introduced into Canada, N. Y., and
Penn. (Adv. from Eu.)
[*][*] _Leaves opposite; flowers in a terminal raceme; the lower bracts
leaf-like; capsules flat, several-seeded. Perennials (mostly turning
blackish in drying)._
6. V. alpina, L. Stem branched from the base, erect, simple (2--12'
high); _leaves elliptical_, or the lowest rounded, entire or toothed,
_nearly sessile; raceme hairy, few-flowered, crowded_; capsule obovate,
notched.--Alpine summits of the White Mts. (Eu., Asia.)
7. V. serpyllifolia, L. (THYME-LEAVED SPEEDWELL.) Much branched at the
creeping base, _nearly smooth_; branches ascending and simple (2--4'
high); leaves _ovate or oblong_, obscurely crenate, _the lowest
petioled_ and rounded, the upper passing into lanceolate bracts; _raceme
loose_; corolla whitish, or pale blue, with deeper stripes; capsule
rounded, broader than long, obtusely notched.--Roadsides and fields,
common; introduced and indigenous. May--July (Eu., Asia.)
[*][*][*] _Annuals; floral leaves like those of the stem (or somewhat
reduced), the flowers appearing to be axillary and solitary, mostly
alternate; corolla shorter than the calyx._
[+] _Flowers short-pedicelled; floral leaves reduced; corolla shorter
than the calyx._
8. V. peregrina, L. (NECKWEED. PURSLANE SPEEDWELL.) Glandular-puberulent
or _nearly smooth_, erect (4--9' high), branched; _lowest leaves
petioled, oval-oblong, toothed_, thickish, the others sessile, obtuse;
the upper oblong-linear and entire, longer than the almost sessile
(whitish) flowers; _capsule orbicular, slightly notched_,
many-seeded.--Waste and cultivated grounds, in damp soil; throughout
U. S., and almost cosmopolite. April--June.
V. ARVENSIS, L. (CORN SPEEDWELL.) Simple or diffusely branched (3--8'
high), _hairy; lower leaves petioled, ovate, crenate_; the uppermost
sessile, lanceolate, entire; _capsule inversely heart-shaped_, the lobes
rounded.--Cultivated grounds, Atlantic States to Tex., rather rare.
(Nat. from Eu.)
[+][+] _Flowers long-pedicelled in axils of ordinary leaves; seeds
cup-shaped._
V. AGRESTIS, L. (FIELD SPEEDWELL.) _Leaves_ round or ovate,
crenate-toothed, the floral somewhat similar; calyx-lobes oblong; flower
small; _ovary many-ovuled_, but the _nearly orbicular and sharply
notched capsule_ 1--2 seeded.--Sandy fields, N. Brunswick to La., near
the coast. (Adv. from Eu.)
V. BUXBAUMII, Tenore. _Leaves_ round or heart-ovate, crenately
cut-toothed ({2/3}--1' long); flower large (nearly 1/2' wide, blue);
calyx-lobes lanceolate, widely spreading in fruit; _capsule
obcordate-triangular, broadly notched_, 16--24-seeded.--Waste grounds,
rare in Atlantic States. (Adv. from Eu.)
V. HEDERAEFOLIA, L. (IVY-LEAVED SPEEDWELL.) _Leaves_ rounded
or heart-shaped, _3--7-toothed or lobed_; calyx-lobes
somewhat heart-shaped; flowers small; _capsule turgid, 2-lobed,
2--4-seeded_.--Shaded places, N. J., Penn., etc. April--June. (Adv. from
Eu.)
17. BUCHNERA, L. BLUE-HEARTS.
Calyx tubular, obscurely nerved, 5-toothed. Corolla salver-form, with a
straight or curved tube and an almost equally 5-cleft limb, the lobes
oblong or wedge-obovate, flat. Stamens 4, included, approximate in
pairs; anthers one-celled (the other cell wanting). Style club-shaped
and entire. Capsule 2-valved, many-seeded.--Perennial rough-hairy herbs
(doubtless root-parasitic), turning blackish in drying, with opposite
leaves, or the uppermost alternate; the flowers opposite in a terminal
spike, bracted and with 2 bractlets. (Named in honor of _I. G. Buchner_,
an early German botanist.)
1. B. Americana, L. Rough-hairy; stem wand-like (1--2 deg. high); lower
leaves obovate-oblong, the others ovate-oblong to linear-lanceolate,
sparingly and coarsely toothed, veiny; spike interrupted; calyx longer
than the bracts, one third the length of the deep-purple corolla (1'
long).--Moist sandy ground, western N. Y. to Minn., and southward.
June--Aug.
18. SEYMERIA, Pursh.
Calyx bell-shaped, deeply 5-cleft. Corolla with a short and broad tube,
not longer than the 5 ovate or oblong nearly equal and spreading lobes.
Stamens 4, somewhat equal; anthers approximate by pairs, oblong,
2-celled; the cells equal and pointless. Capsule many-seeded.--Erect
branching herbs, with the general aspect and character of Gerardia,
leaves mostly opposite and dissected or pinnatifid, the uppermost
alternate and bract-like. Flowers yellow, interruptedly racemed or
spiked. (Named for _Henry Seymer_, an English naturalist.)
1. S. macrophylla, Nutt. (MULLEIN-FOXGLOVE.) Rather pubescent (4--5 deg.
high); leaves large, the lower pinnately divided, with the broadly
lanceolate divisions pinnatifid and incised, the upper lanceolate; tube
of the corolla incurved, very woolly inside, as are the filaments except
at the apex; style short, dilated and notched at the point; capsule
ovate, pointed.--Shady river-banks, Ohio to Iowa, south to Tex. July.
19. GERARDIA, L.
Calyx bell-shaped, 5-toothed or 5-cleft. Corolla
campanulate-funnel-form, or somewhat tubular, swelling above, with 5
more or less unequal spreading lobes, the 2 upper usually rather smaller
and more united. Stamens 4, strongly didynamous, included, hairy;
anthers approaching by pairs, 2-celled, the cells parallel, often
pointed at base. Style elongated, mostly enlarged and flattened at the
apex. Capsule globular or ovate, pointed, many-seeded.--Erect branching
herbs (more or less root-parasitic); stem-leaves opposite, or the upper
alternate, the uppermost reduced to bracts and subtending 1 flowered
peduncles, which often form a raceme or spike. Flowers showy, purple or
yellow; in late summer and autumn. (Dedicated to the celebrated
herbalist, _John Gerarde_.)
Sec. 1. DASYSTOMA. _Corolla yellow, the tube woolly inside, as well as the
anthers and filaments; anthers alike, awn-pointed at base; leaves rather
large, more or less incised or pinnatifid._
[*] _Pubescence partly glandular and viscid; corolla pubescent outside._
1. G. pedicularia, L. Annual or biennial, smoothish or pubescent, much
branched (2--3 deg. high), very leafy; leaves ovate-lanceolate, pinnatifid,
and the lobes cut and toothed; pedicels longer than the hairy mostly
serrate calyx-lobes.--Dry copses; N. Eng. to Minn., south to Fla. and
Ark.
[*][*] _No glandular pubescence; corolla glabrous outside; perennial._
2. G. grandiflora, Benth. _Minutely downy_; stem much branched (2--4 deg.
high); _leaves ovate-lanceolate, coarsely toothed or cut, the lower
pinnatifid_; pedicels rather shorter than the calyx; corolla (2' long) 4
times the length of the broadly lanceolate entire or toothed
calyx-lobes.--Oak openings, Wisc. and Minn. to Tenn. and Tex.
3. G. flava, L. (DOWNY FALSE FOXGLOVE.) _Pubescent with a fine close
down_; stem (3--4 deg. high) mostly simple; _leaves ovate-lanceolate or
oblong, obtuse, entire, or the lower usually sinuate-toothed or
pinnatifid; pedicels very short_; calyx-lobes oblong, obtuse, rather
shorter than the tube, corolla 11/2' long.--Open woods, N. Eng. to Wisc.
and Iowa, south to Ga. and Ark.
4. G. quercifolia, Pursh. (SMOOTH FALSE FOXGLOVE.) _Smooth and glaucous_
(3--6 deg. high), usually branching; lower _leaves commonly
twice-pinnatifid; the upper oblong-lanceolate, pinnatifid or entire;
pedicels nearly as long as the calyx_; calyx-lobes lance-linear, acute,
as long as the at length inflated tube; corolla 2' long.--Dry woods,
N. Eng. to Minn., south to Fla. and Ill.
5. G. laevigata, Raf. _Smooth, not glaucous_; stem (1--2 deg. high) mostly
simple; _leaves lanceolate, acute, entire_, or the lowest obscurely
toothed; _pedicels shorter than the calyx-tube_; corolla 1' long. (G.
integrifolia, _Gray_.)--Oak-barrens, etc., Penn. to Mich, and Ill.,
south in the mountains to Ga.
Sec. 2. OTOPHYLLA. _Corolla purple (rarely white), naked within, as well as
the very unequal filaments; anthers dissimilar, pointless, glabrous or
sparingly hairy._
6. G. auriculata, Michx. Rough-hairy; stem erect, nearly simple (9--20'
high); _leaves lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate_, sessile, _the lower
entire_, the others with an oblong-lanceolate lobe on each side at the
base; _flowers nearly sessile in the axils_ (1' long).--Low grounds and
prairies, W. Penn. to Minn., south to N. C. and Mo.
7. G. densiflora, Benth. More hispid and rough, very leafy; _leaves
rigid, pinnately parted into 3--7 narrowly linear acute divisions_,
those subtending the _densely spicate flowers_ similar and crowded;
corolla over 1' long.--Prairies, E. Kan. to Tex.
Sec. 3. GERARDIA proper. _Corolla purple or rose-color (rarely white);
calyx-teeth short; anthers alike, nearly pointless, pubescent; cauline
leaves linear or narrower, entire._
[*] _Perennnial; leaves erect, very narrow; pedicels erect, as long as
floral leaves._
8. G. linifolia, Nutt. Glabrous, 2--3 deg. high, sparingly or paniculately
branched; leaves flat, thickish, 1'' wide; calyx-teeth minute; corolla
1' long, minutely pubescent outside, villous within and lobes ciliate;
anthers and filaments very villous.--Low pine barrens, Del. to Fla.
[*][*] _Annuals; herbage blackish in drying_ (except n. 13).
[+] _Pedicels little if at all longer than the calyx and capsule._
9. G. aspera, Dougl. Sparingly branched (1--2 deg. high); leaves long and
linear, rough; _pedicels (most of them alternate) equalling or
moderately exceeding the calyx_, which has _triangular-lanceolate acute
lobes about half as long as the tube_; corolla over 1' long.--Plains and
prairies, Mich, and W. Ind. to Dak. and W. Ark.
10. G. purpurea, L. (PURPLE GERARDIA.) Stem (1--2 deg. high) with long and
rigid widely spreading branches; _leaves linear, acute, rough-margined_;
flowers large (1' long), bright purple, often downy; _pedicels shorter
than the calyx, mainly opposite; calyx-teeth sharp-pointed_, from very
short to about half as long as the tube.--Low grounds, mainly near the
coast and in the region of the Great Lakes. Very variable.--Var.
PAUPERCULA, Gray. Smoother, more simple; corolla usually only 1/2' long,
lighter rose-purple.--N. Eng. to Penn., N. Ill., Minn., and northward.
11. G. maritima, Raf. (SEA-SIDE G.) Low (4--12' high), with shorter
branches; _leaves and short broad calyx-teeth rather fleshy and obtuse_;
pedicels about as long as the calyx; corolla 1/2' long.--Salt marshes
along the coast.
[+][+] _Pedicels usually exceeding the corolla; woolly anthers cuspidate
at base._
12. G. tenuifolia, Vahl. (SLENDER G.) _Leaves narrowly linear_, acute,
the floral ones mostly like the others; _calyx-teeth very short, acute;
capsule globular, not exceeding the calyx_; corolla about 1/2' long.--Low
or dry ground, common.--Var. MACROPHYLLA, Benth. Stouter; larger leaves
11/2--2' long and almost 2'' wide, scabrous; pedicels ascending;
calyx-teeth larger; corolla little over 1/2' long. W. Iowa to W. La. and
Col.--Var. ASPERULA, Gray. Leaves all nearly filiform and upper face
hispidulous scabrous; inflorescence more paniculate; corolla small, the
expanded limb only 6'' in diameter. Dry bare hills, Mich, and N. Ind. to
Minn. and Mo.
13. G. Skinneriana, Wood. _Leaves bristle-shaped_, as are the
branchlets, or the lower linear; _capsule ovate, mostly longer than the
calyx_, which has short setaceous teeth; corolla 4--6'' long. (G.
setacea, _Gray_, Man., not of _Walt._)--Sandy low ground, Mass. to
Minn., south to Fla. and La.
20. CASTILLEIA, Mutis. PAINTED-CUP.
Calyx tubular, flattened, cleft at the summit on the anterior, and
usually on the posterior side also; the divisions entire or 2-lobed.
Tube of the corolla included in the calyx; its upper lip (_galea_) long
and narrow, arched and keeled, flattened laterally, enclosing the 4
unequal stamens; lower lip short, 3-lobed. Anther cells oblong-linear,
unequal, the outer fixed by the middle, the inner pendulous. Capsule
many-seeded.--Herbs (root-parasitic), with alternate entire or cut-lobed
leaves; the floral ones usually dilated, colored, and more showy than
the yellow or purplish spiked flowers. (Dedicated to _Castillejo_, a
Spanish botanist.)
1. C. coccinea, Spreng. (SCARLET PAINTED-CUP.) Hairy biennial or annual;
stem simple; root-leaves clustered, mostly entire, obovate or oblong;
those of the stem incised; the floral 3--5-cleft, bright scarlet toward
the summit (rarely yellow); calyx about the length of the pale yellow
corolla, _equally cleft both sides, the lobes quadrate-oblong, entire or
retuse_.--Low sandy ground, Maine to Minn., south to N. J., Tenn., and
Tex.
2. C. pallida, Kunth, var. septentrionalis, Gray. Perennial, smooth or
sparingly hairy, at the summit woolly; _leaves mainly entire_, the lower
linear, upper broader; the floral oblong or obovate, greenish-white,
varying to yellowish, purple, or red; _calyx equally cleft, the lobes
oblong or lanceolate, 2-cleft_; corolla 1/2--1' long, the _galea decidedly
shorter than the tube_, not over 2 or 3 times as long as the
lip.--Alpine summits of N. Eng., N. shore of L. Superior, west and
northward.
3. C. sessiliflora, Pursh. Perennial, 6--8' high, very leafy,
cinereous-pubescent; leaves mostly 3--5-cleft, with narrow diverging
sometimes cleft lobes; the floral similar or broader, _not at all
colored; calyx deeper cleft in front_, the narrow lobes deeply 2-cleft;
corolla 2' long, _the short galea but twice as long as the slender-lobed
lip_.--Prairies, Wisc. and Ill. to Dak. and Tex.
21. ORTHOCARPUS, Nutt.
Corolla with the upper lip (_galea_) little longer and usually much
narrower than the inflated 1--3-saccate lower one. Otherwise nearly as
Castilleia. (Name from [Greek: o)rtho/s], _upright_, and [Greek:
karpo/s], _fruit_.)
1. O. luteus, Nutt. Annual, pubescent and hirsute, sometimes viscid,
erect, 1 deg. high; leaves linear to lanceolate, occasionally 3-cleft; spike
dense; bracts broader, mostly 3-cleft, about equalling the flowers, not
colored; corolla golden-yellow, not 6'' long, 2--3 times as long as the
calyx.--Plains, N. Minn. to Col., and westward.
22. SCHWALBEA, Gronov. CHAFF-SEED.