the oblong involucre appressed, destitute of herbaceous tips (except
n. 1 and 2). Receptacle small, not chaffy. Achenes many-ribbed, nearly
terete; pappus simple, of equal capillary bristles.--Perennial herbs,
with mostly wand-like stems and nearly sessile stem-leaves, never
heart-shaped. Heads small, racemed or clustered; flowers both of the
disk and ray (except n. 6) yellow. (Name from _solidus_ and _ago_, to
join, or make whole, in allusion to reputed vulnerary qualities.)
Flowering in autumn.
Conspectus of Groups.
Heads small, sessile in flat-topped corymbs; leaves linear 41, 42
Heads all more or less pedicelled.
Involucral scales rigid, with spreading herbaceous tips 1, 2
Involucral scales without green tips.
Heads in a compound terminal corymb, not at all racemose 37--40
Heads small, mostly clustered in the axils of feather-veined
leaves 3--7
Heads mostly large, in a terminal thyrse; leaves feather-veined.
Western species 8, 9
Northern or mountain species 10--12
Heads mostly small or middle-sized; inflorescence paniculate
(sometimes thyrsoidal).
Leaves 3-ribbed; heads in 1-sided spreading panicled racemes.
Stem and leaves smooth and glabrous 29--32
Pubescent or scabrous 33--36
Leaves not 3-ribbed, or only obscurely triple-nerved.
Heads large; leaves thickish, very smooth, entire. Seashore 13
Panicle virgate or thyrsoid; leaves nearly entire 14--17
Heads very small in a short broad panicle; leaves nearly
entire 18--20
Heads racemosely paniculate; leaves ample, the lower serrate
21--28
Sec. 1. VIRGAUREA. _Rays mostly fewer than the disk-flowers; heads all more
or less pedicelled._
[*] _Scales of the much imbricated and rigid involucre with abruptly
spreading herbaceous tips; heads in clusters or glomerate racemes,
disposed in a dense somewhat leafy and interrupted wand-like compound
spike._
1. S. squarrosa, Muhl. Stem stout (2--5 deg. high), hairy above; leaves
large, oblong, or the lower spatulate-oval and tapering into a margined
petiole, serrate, veiny; heads numerous; scales obtuse or acute;
disk-flowers 16--24, the rays 12--16.--Rocky and wooded hills, Maine and
W. Vt. to Penn., Ohio, and the mountains of Va.; rather rare.
2. S. petiolaris, Ait. Minutely hoary or downy; stem strict, simple
(1--3 deg. high); leaves small (1/2--2' long), oval or oblong, mucronate,
veiny, rough-ciliolate; the upper entire and abruptly very
short-petioled, the lower often serrate and tapering to the base; heads
few, in a wand-like raceme or panicle, on slender bracted pedicels; rays
about 10, elongated; scales of the pubescent involucre lanceolate or
linear-awl-shaped, the outer loose and spreading, more or less
foliaceous.--S. W. Ill. to Kan. and southward.--The name is misleading,
as the leaves are hardly petioled.
[*][*] _Involucral scales without green tips and wholly appressed._
[+] _Heads small (3'' long), clustered along the stem in the axils of
the feather-veined leaves, or the upper forming a thyrse._
[++] _Achenes pubescent._
3. S. caesia, L. Smooth; _stem terete, mostly glaucous_, at length much
branched and diffuse; _leaves lanceolate_ or oblong-lanceolate, serrate,
pointed, sessile; heads in very short clusters, or somewhat
racemose-panicled on the branches.--Rich woodlands, common; west to
S. E. Minn., Ill., and Ky.
4. S. latifolia, L. Smooth or nearly so; _stem angled, zigzag_, simple
or paniculate-branched (1--3 deg. high); _leaves broadly ovate or oval, very
strongly and sharply serrate, conspicuously pointed at both ends_ (thin,
3--6' long); heads in very short axillary clusters, or the clusters
somewhat prolonged at the end of the branches; rays 3--4.--Moist shaded
banks; common northward, and south along the mountains.
5. S. Curtisii, Torr. & Gray. Smooth or nearly so; stem angled, usually
branched; leaves oblong to long-lanceolate with narrowed entire base,
serrate above with subulate teeth; heads in small, loose clusters; rays
4--7.--Open woods at low elevations in the mountains of Va. and
southward.
[++][++] _Achenes glabrous; inflorescence more thyrsoid._
6. S. bicolor, L. _Hoary or grayish with soft hairs_; stem mostly
simple; leaves oblong or elliptical-lanceolate, acute at both ends, or
the lower oval and tapering into a petiole, slightly serrate; _clusters
or short racemes from the axils of the upper leaves_, forming an
interrupted spike or crowded panicle; scales very obtuse; _rays (5--14)
small, cream-color or nearly white_.--Var. CONCOLOR, Torr. & Gray, has
the _rays yellow_.--Dry copses, west to Minn. and Mo.
7. S. monticola, Torr. & Gray. Nearly glabrous; stem slender, 1--2 deg.
high; leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, acute or tapering at both ends,
the lower sparingly serrate; heads small, the scales acutish; rays
5--6.--Alleghany Mts., from Md. southward.
[+][+] _Heads mostly large (smaller in n. 12), many-flowered, forming an
erect terminal thyrse; leaves feather-veined._
[++] _Leaves numerous, short, sessile, entire, uniform in size and
shape; western._
8. S. Bigelovii, Gray. Cinereous-puberulent, 2 deg. high; leaves oval and
oblong, mostly obtuse at both ends; thyrse rather loose; involucre
broad.--S. Kan. and southward. Probably running into the next.
9. S. Lindheimeriana, Scheele. Less puberulent; leaves lanceolate or
oblong, more acute; heads narrower and more densely clustered; achenes
glabrous.--S. Kan. and southward.
[++][++] _Northern or mountain species, bright green._
10. S. macrophylla, Pursh. _Stem stout_ (1--4 deg. high), _wand-like_,
pubescent near the summit, simple; _leaves thin, ovate, irregularly and
coarsely serrate with sharp salient teeth, large_ (lower 3--4' long),
all but the uppermost abruptly contracted into _long and margined
petioles; heads large_ (5--6'' long), many-flowered, crowded in an
oblong or wand-like raceme or contracted panicle (2--18' long); scales
loose and thin, long, lanceolate, taper-pointed; rays 8--10, elongated;
achenes smooth. (S. thyrsoidea, _E. Mey_.)--Wooded sides of mountains,
N. Maine to N. Y. (south to the Catskills), shore of L. Superior and
northward.--Very near a European form of S. Virgaurea.
11. S. Virgaurea, Linn. An extremely variable and confused species in
the Old World, represented in North America by
Var. alpina, Bigel. Dwarf (1--8' high), with few (1--12) pretty large
heads (3--4'' long, becoming smaller as they increase in number); leaves
thickish, mostly smooth, spatulate or obovate, mostly obtuse, finely
serrate or nearly entire, the uppermost lanceolate; heads few in a
terminal cluster or subsolitary in the upper axils; _scales_ lanceolate,
_acute or acutish_; rays about 12.--Alpine summits of Maine, N. H., and
N. Y., and shore of L. Superior.
12. S. humilis, Pursh. Low (6--12' high) and smooth, bearing several or
numerous loosely thyrsoid smaller heads, which, with the peduncles,
etc., are mostly somewhat glutinous; _scales obtuse_; rays 6--8, short;
upper leaves lanceolate to linear, entire, the lower becoming spatulate
and sparingly serrate. (S. Virgaurea, var. humilis, _Gray_.)--Rocky
banks, W. Vt., along the Great Lakes, and northward; also on islands in
the Susquehanna, near Lancaster, and at the Falls of the Potomac.--At
the base of the White Mountains, on gravelly banks, occurs a form with
the minutely pubescent stout stem 1--2 deg. high, the leaves larger,
broader, and coarsely toothed, and the heads very numerous in an ample
compound raceme; rays occasionally almost white.
Var. Gillmani, Gray. Larger (2 deg. high), rigid, with compound ample
panicle and laciniately toothed leaves.--Sand-hills of the lake-shores,
N. Mich.
[+][+][+] _Heads small or middle-sized (large in n. 13 and 17), panicled
or sometimes thyrsoidal, not in a terminal corymbiform cyme; not
alpine._
[++] _Leaves veiny, not 3-ribbed, but sometimes obscurely
triple-nerved._
[=] 1. _Heads commonly large; leaves thickish, very smooth, entire,
elongated._
13. S. sempervirens, L. Smooth and stout (1--8 deg. high); leaves
lanceolate, slightly clasping, or the lower ones lanceolate-oblong,
obscurely triple-nerved; racemes short, in an open or contracted
panicle.--Salt marshes, or rocks on the shore, Maine to Va.--Heads
showy; the golden rays 7--10. Varies, in less brackish swamps, with
thinner elongated linear-lanceolate leaves, tapering to each end, and
more erect racemes in a narrower panicle.
[=] 2. _Heads small, in a narrow virgate or thyrsoid panicle; scales
thin, acute; leaves nearly entire._
14. S. stricta, Ait. _Very smooth_ throughout; _stem strict and simple,
wand-like_ (2--4 deg. high), slender, beset with small and entire appressed
lanceolate-oblong thickish leaves, gradually reduced upward to mere
bracts, the lowest oblong-spatulate; _heads crowded in a very narrow
compound spicate raceme_; rays 5--7. (S. virgata, _Michx._)--Damp pine
barrens, N. J. and southward.
15. S. puberula, Nutt. _Stem_ (1--3 deg. high, simple or branched) _and
panicle minutely hoary; stem-leaves lanceolate, acute, tapering to the
base_, smoothish; the lower wedge-lanceolate and _sparingly toothed,
heads_ very numerous and _crowded in compact short racemes forming a
prolonged and dense_ narrow or pyramidal _panicle; scales
linear-awl-shaped_, appressed; rays about 10.--Sandy soil, Maine to Va.
and southward, mostly near the coast.
[=] 3. _Heads middle-sized, in a thyrsoid panicle; involucral scales
rather firm, obtuse; leaves entire or little serrate, smooth._
16. S. uliginosa, Nutt. _Smooth_ nearly throughout; stem simple, strict
(2--3 deg. high); _leaves lanceolate_, pointed, the lower tapering into
winged petioles, partly sheathing at the base, sparsely serrulate or
entire; _racemes much crowded and appressed in a dense wand-like
panicle_; scales linear-oblong; rays 5--6, small. (S. stricta,
_Ait._)--Peat-bogs, Maine to Penn., Minn., and northward. Root-leaves
6--10' long. Flowers earlier than most species, beginning in July.
17. S. speciosa, Nutt. Stem stout (3--6 deg. high), smooth; _leaves
thickish, smooth_ with rough margins, _oval or ovate_, slightly serrate,
the uppermost oblong-lanceolate, the lower contracted into a margined
petiole; _heads_ somewhat crowded _in numerous erect racemes, forming an
ample pyramidal or thyrsiform panicle_; peduncles and pedicels
rough-hairy; scales of the cylindrical involucre oblong; rays about 5,
large.--Var. ANGUSTATA, Torr. & Gray, is a dwarf form, with the racemes
short and clustered, forming a dense interrupted or compound
spike.--Copses, Maine to Minn., and southward.--A very handsome species;
the lower leaves 4--6' long and 2--4' wide in the larger forms.
[=] 4. _Heads very small in slender spreading secund clusters forming a
mostly short and broad panicle; leaves entire or nearly so._
18. S. odora, Ait. (SWEET GOLDEN-ROD.) _Smooth_ or nearly so throughout;
_stem slender_ (2--3 deg. high), _often reclined; leaves linear-lanceolate,
entire_, shining, _pellucid-dotted_; racemes spreading in a small
one-sided panicle; rays 3--4, rather large.--Border of thickets in dry
or sandy soil, Maine and Vt. to Ky., and southward.--The crushed leaves
yield a pleasant anisate odor; but an occasional form is nearly
scentless.
19. S. tortifolia, Ell. Stem scabrous-puberulent, 2--3 deg. high; leaves
linear, short, commonly twisted, roughish-puberulent or glabrate; rays
very short.--Dry soil, coast of Va. and southward.
20. S. pilosa, Walt. _Stem stout, upright_ (3--7 deg. high), _clothed with
spreading hairs; leaves oblong-lanceolate, roughish, hairy beneath_, at
least on the midrib, serrulate, the upper ovate-lanceolate or oblong and
entire, closely sessile; racemes many, recurved, in a dense pyramidal
panicle; rays 7--10, very short.--Low grounds, pine barrens of N. J. to
Va. and southward.
[=] 5. _Heads small or middle-sized, racemosely paniculate; leaves broad
or ample, veiny, at least the lower serrate (or entire in n. 28);
involucral scales obtuse._
21. S. patula, Muhl. _Stem strongly angled, smooth_ (2--4 deg. high);
_leaves_ (4--8' long) _ovate_, acute, serrate, pale, _very smooth and
veiny underneath_, but the _upper surface very rough_, like shagreen;
racemes rather short and numerous on the spreading branches; heads
rather large.--Swamps; common.
22. S. rugosa, Mill. _Rough-hairy, especially the very leafy stem_
(1--6 deg. high); _leaves ovate-lanceolate, elliptical or oblong, often
thickish and very rugose_; racemes spreading; involucral scales linear;
rays 6--9; the disk-flowers 4--7. (S. altissima, _Torr. & Gray_, not
_L._)--Borders of fields and copses; very common, presenting a great
variety of forms; usually one of the lowest of common _Golden-rods_. It
flowers early. Aug.--Sept.
23. S. ulmifolia, Muhl. _Stem smooth_, the branches hairy; _leaves thin,
elliptical-ovate or oblong-lanceolate_, pointed, _tapering to the base_,
loosely veined, beset with soft hairs beneath; racemes panicled,
recurved-spreading; involucral scales lanceolate-oblong; rays about
4.--Low copses; common.--Too near the last; distinguished only by its
smooth stem and thin larger leaves.
24. S. Elliottii, Torr. & Gray. _Smooth_; stem stout (1--3 deg. high), _very
leafy; leaves elliptical or oblong-lanceolate_, acute (2--3' long),
closely sessile, slightly serrate, strongly veined, _thick, smooth both
sides, shining above; heads in dense spreading racemes which are crowded
in a close pyramidal panicle_; peduncles and achenes strigose-pubescent.
(S. elliptica, _Torr. & Gray_, not _Ait._)--Swamps (fresh or brackish)
near the coast, Mass. to N. J. and southward.--Heads showy, 3'' long;
the rays 8--12.
25. S. neglecta, Torr. & Gray. _Smooth_; stem stout (2--4 deg. high), less
leafy; _leaves thickish, smooth both sides, opaque; the upper
oblong-lanceolate_, mostly acute and nearly entire; the _lower
ovate-lanceolate or oblong_, sharply serrate, tapering into a petiole;
_racemes short and dense, at length spreading_, disposed in an elongated
or pyramidal close panicle; peduncles and achenes nearly
glabrous.--Swamps, Maine to Md., Wisc., and Minn.--Heads rather large,
crowded; the racemes at first erect and scarcely one-sided. Very
variable, the forms approaching n. 16 and 27.
Var. linoides, Gray. The most slender form; radical leaves 4--8' long
and 4--6'' wide, the upper very small, erect, branches of panicle rather
few, one-sided; rays 2--5. (S. linoides, _Torr. & Gray._)--Mass. to
N. J.
26. S. Boottii, Hook. Smooth, or scabrous-pubescent or below hirsute,
slender, often branched, 2--5 deg. high; leaves rather finely serrate, ovate
to oblong-lanceolate, pointed; the upper small, oblong to narrowly
lanceolate, often entire; heads loosely racemose; rays 1--5 or none;
achenes pubescent.--Dry grounds, Va. and southward.
27. S. arguta, Ait. _Smooth; stem angled; leaves_ (large and thin)
_ovate_, and the upper elliptical-lanceolate, _very sharply and strongly
serrate_ (entire only on the branches), _pointed at both ends_, the
lowest on margined petioles; _racemes pubescent, spreading, disposed in
an elongated open panicle; rays 6--7, large_; achenes usually glabrous.
(S. Muhlenbergii, _Torr. & Gray._)--Copses and moist woods, N. H. to
Penn., Ont., and N. E. Minn.--Racemes much shorter and looser than in
the next; the involucral scales thin and more slender; the heads
somewhat larger, fully 3'' long.
28. S. juncea, Ait. _Smooth throughout_ (1--3 deg. high); _radical and lower
stem-leaves elliptical or lanceolate-oval, sharply serrate_ with
spreading teeth, _pointed_, tapering into winged and ciliate petioles;
_the others lanceolate or narrowly oblong_, slightly triple-nerved,
tapering to each end, the _uppermost entire; racemes dense, naked, at
length elongated and recurved, forming a crowded and flat corymb-like
panicle; rays 8--12, small_. (S. arguta, _Torr. & Gray._)--Var.
SCABRELLA, Gray, is somewhat roughish-pubescent (Wisc. to Ky.).--Copses
and banks; common. Well distinguished by its long or drooping racemes,
and the closely appressed rigid scales of the involucre, small rays,
etc. Heads seldom over 2'' long, the scales small and pale.
[++][++] _Leaves more or less plainly 3-ribbed; heads in one-sided
spreading or recurved racemes, forming an ample panicle. Not maritime._
[=] _Smooth and glabrous, at least the stem and bright green leaves._
[a.] _Leaves firm and rather rigid; involucral scales thickish, obtuse,
quite unequal._
29. S. Missouriensis, Nutt. Smooth throughout (1--3 deg. high); _leaves
linear-lanceolate_, or the lower broadly lanceolate, tapering to both
ends, with very rough margins; teeth, if any, sharp and rigid; heads and
dense crowded racemes nearly as in n. 28; _achenes nearly
glabrous_.--Dry prairies, from Wisc. and Ind. south and
westward.--Heads 1{1/2}--2'' long.
30. S. Shortii, Torr. & Gray. Stem slender, simple (2--4 deg. high),
minutely roughish-pubescent above; _leaves_ (the larger 2--3' long)
_oblong-lanceolate_, acute, the lower mostly serrate with a few fine
teeth; racemes mostly short in a crowded panicle; _achenes
silky-pubescent_.--Rocks at the Falls of the Ohio; Ark.--A handsome
species; heads 3'' long, narrow.
[b.] _Leaves thinner; involucral scales thin, chiefly linear, obtuse._
31. S. serotina, Ait. _Stem_ stout (2--7 deg. high), _smooth, often
glaucous; leaves quite smooth both sides_, lanceolate, taper-pointed,
very sharply serrate, except the narrowed base, rough-ciliate; the ample
panicle pubescent; _rays 7--14, rather long_. (S. gigantea, of previous
ed.)--Copses and fence-rows; common, and presenting many varieties.
Seldom very tall.
Var. gigantea, Gray. Commonly tall, 5--8 deg. high; leaves more or less
pubescent or hispidulous beneath. (S. gigantea, _Ait._; S. serotina of
previous ed.)--Thickets and low grounds, Can. to Tex.
32. S. rupestris, Raf. _Stem smooth, slender_, 2--3 deg. high; _leaves
linear-lanceolate, tapering both ways, entire_ or nearly so; panicle
narrow; _heads very small; rays 4--6, very short_.--Rocky river-banks,
W. Va. to Ky. and Ind.
[=][=] _Pubescent (at least the stem) or hispidulous-scabrous._
33. S. Canadensis, L. _Stem rough-hairy_, tall and stout (3--6 deg. high);
_leaves lanceolate_, pointed, sharply serrate (sometimes almost entire),
_more or less pubescent beneath and rough above; heads small; rays very
short_.--Borders of thickets and fields; very common.--Varies greatly in
the roughness and hairiness of the stem and leaves, the latter
oblong-lanceolate or elongated linear-lanceolate;--in var. PROCERA,
whitish-woolly underneath; and in var. SCABRA also very rough above,
often entire, and rugose-veined.
34. S. nemoralis, Ait. _Clothed with a minute and close grayish-hoary_
(soft or roughish) _pubescence_; stem simple or corymbed at the summit
({1/2}--2{1/2} deg. high); leaves _oblanceolate or spatulate-oblong_, the
lower somewhat crenate-toothed and tapering into a petiole; racemes
numerous, dense, at length recurved, forming a large and crowded
compound raceme or panicle which is usually turned to one side; scales
of the involucre linear-oblong, appressed; rays 5--9.--Dry sterile
fields; very common. Flowers very bright yellow, beginning early in
Aug.--Var. INCANA, Gray, of Minn., and westward, is a dwarf form, with
rigid oval or oblong leaves, rather strongly serrate or entire, and the
clusters of heads in a dense oblong or conical thyrse.
35. S. radula, Nutt. Stem and _oblong or obovate-spatulate leaves rigid
and very rough, not hoary_, the upper sessile; scales oblong, rigid;
rays 3--6; otherwise nearly as in n. 34.--Dry hills, W. Ill., Minn.
Kan., and southward.
36. S. Drummondii, Torr. & Gray. _Stem_ (1--3 deg. high) _and lower surface
of the broadly ovate or oval somewhat triple-ribbed leaves minutely
velvety-pubescent_, some of the leaves almost entire; racemes panicled,
short; scales of the involucre oblong, obtuse; rays 4 or 5.--S. W. Ill.,
Mo., and southward.
[+][+][+][+] _Heads in a compound corymb terminating the simple stem,
not at all racemose; leaves mostly with a strong midrib._
[++] Leaves flat, not 3-nerved.
37. S. rigida, L. _Rough and somewhat hoary_ with a minute pubescence;
stem stout (2--5 deg. high), very leafy; corymb dense; _leaves oval or
oblong_, copiously feather-veined, thick and rigid; the upper closely
sessile by a broad base, slightly serrate, the uppermost entire; heads
large, over 30-flowered; the rays 7--10.--Dry soil, N. Eng. to Minn.,
and southward.
38. S. Ohioensis, Riddell. _Very smooth_ throughout; stem wand-like,
slender, leafy (2--3 deg. high); _stem-leaves oblong-lanceolate, flat_,
entire, obscurely feather-veined, closely sessile; the lower and radical
ones elongated, slightly serrate toward the apex, tapering into long
margined petioles; head numerous, on smooth pedicels, small,
16--20-flowered; the rays 6 or 7.--Moist meadows or prairies, W. New
York to Ind. and Wisc.--Root-leaves 1 deg. long; the upper reduced to 1--2',
with rough margins, like the rest.
[++][++] _Leaves somewhat folded, entire, the lower slightly 3-nerved._
39. S. Riddellii, Frank. _Smooth and stout_ (2--4 deg. high), _very leafy_,
the branches of the dense corymb and pedicels rough-pubescent; _leaves
linear-lanceolate, elongated_ (4--6' long), acute, partly clasping or
sheathing, _mostly recurved_, the lowest elongated-lanceolate and
tapering into a long keeled petiole; _heads very numerous_, clustered,
20--30-flowered; the rays 7--9.--Wet grassy prairies, Ohio to Minn. and
Mo.; Ft. Monroe, Va.--Heads larger than in the last, 2--3'' long.
Stem-leaves upright and partly sheathing at the base, then gradually
recurved-spreading.
40. S. Houghtonii, Torr. & Gray. _Smooth; stem rather low and slender_
(1--2 deg. high); _leaves scattered, linear-lanceolate, acutish_, tapering
into a narrowed slightly clasping base, or the lower into margined
petioles; _heads few or several_, 20--30-flowered; the rays
7--9.--Swamps, north shore of Lake Michigan; Genesee Co., N. Y. July,
Aug.--Leaves rough-margined, 2--5' long, 2--4'' wide, 1-nerved, or the
lower obscurely 3-nerved above; veins obscure. Heads large, nearly 1/2'
long. Scales of the involucre obtuse.
Sec. 2. EUTHAMIA. _Corymbosely much branched; heads small, sessile, in
little clusters crowded in flat-topped corymbs; the closely appressed
involucral scales somewhat glutinous; receptacle fimbrillate; rays
6--20, short, more numerous than the disk-flowers; leaves narrow,
entire, sessile._
41. S. lanceolata, L. _Leaves lanceolate-linear, 3--5-nerved_; the
nerves, margins, and angles of the branches minutely rough-pubescent;
heads obovoid-cylindrical, in dense corymbed clusters; _rays
15--20_.--River-banks, etc., in moist soil; common.--Stem 2--3 deg. high;
leaves 3--5' long.
42. S. tenuifolia, Pursh. Smooth, slender; _leaves very narrowly
linear, mostly 1-nerved, dotted_; heads obovoid-club-shaped, in numerous
clusters of 2 or 3, disposed in a loose corymb; _rays 6--12_.--Sandy
fields, Mass. to Ill., and southward; common near the coast.
18. BRACHYCHAETA, Torr. & Gray. FALSE GOLDEN-ROD.
Heads and flowers nearly as in Solidago, except the pappus, which is a
row of minute rather scale-like bristles, shorter than the achene.--A
perennial herb, with rounded or ovate serrate leaves, all the _lower
ones heart-shaped_; the small yellow heads in sessile clusters racemed
or spiked on the branches. (Name composed of [Greek: brachy/s], _short_,
and [Greek: chi/te], _bristle_, from the pappus.)
1. B. cordata, Torr. & Gray. Wooded hills, S. Ind. and E. Ky. to N. Ga.
Oct.--Plant 2--4 deg. high, slender, more or less pubescent.
19. BELLIS, Tourn. DAISY.