APPERTAIN, ap-p[.e]r-t[=a]n', _v.i._ to belong to, as a possession, a
right, or attribute.--_n._ APPER'TAINANCE.--_p.adj._ APPERTAIN'ING, proper,
appropriate (with _to_).--_n._ APPERTAIN'MENT (_Shak._), that which
appertains to any rank or dignity.--_adj._ APPER'TINENT, pertaining or
belonging to.--_n._ (_Shak._) that which pertains to anything else.
[Through Fr. from L. _ad_, to, _pertin[=e]-re_, to belong. See PERTAIN.]
APPETENCY, ap'pet-ens-i, _n._ a seeking after: craving or appetite: desire,
especially sensual desire--also AP'PETENCE.--_adj._ AP'PETENT. [L.
_appetent-em_, _appet[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _pet[)e]re_, to seek.]
APPETITE, ap'pet-[=i]t, _n._ physical craving, accompanied with uneasy
sensation (hunger, thirst, sex): natural desire: inclination: desire for
food: hunger (with _for_).--_adjs._ AP'PETIBLE, AP'PETITIVE.--_v.t._
AP'PETISE, to create or whet appetite.--_ns._ APPETISE'MENT; APPETIS'ER,
something which whets the appetite.--_p.adj._ APPETIS'ING.--_adv._
APPETIS'INGLY. [Through Fr., from L. _appetitus_, _appet[)e]re_.]
APPLAUD, ap-plawd', _v.t._ to praise by clapping the hands: to praise
loudly: to express loudly approval of anything: to extol.--_n._
APPLAUD'ER.--_p.adj._ APPLAUD'ING.--_adv._ APPLAUD'INGLY.--_n._ APPLAUSE',
praise loudly expressed: acclamation.--_adj._ APPLAUS'IVE.--_adv._
APPLAUS'IVELY. [L. _applaud-[)e]re_--_ad_, to, _plaud[)e]re_, _plausum_, to
clap. See EXPLODE.]
APPLE, ap'l, _n._ the fruit of the apple-tree.--_ns._ AP'PLE-BLIGHT, the
rotting substances found on apple-trees, caused by the APPLE-APHIS (see
APHIS); AP'PLE-JOHN (_Shak._) a variety of apple considered to be in
perfection when shrivelled and withered--also JOHN'-AP'PLE; AP'PLE-PIE, a
pie made with apples; AP'PLE-WIFE, AP'PLE-WOM'AN, a woman who sells apples
at a stall.--APPLE OF DISCORD, any cause of envy and contention, from the
golden apple inscribed 'for the fairest,' thrown by Eris, goddess of
discord, into the assembly of the gods, and claimed by Aphrodite (Venus),
Pallas (Minerva), and Hera (Juno). The dispute being referred to Paris of
Troy, he decided in favour of Aphrodite, to the undying and fatal wrath of
Hera against his city; APPLE OF SODOM, or Dead Sea fruit, described by
Josephus as fair to look upon, but turning, when touched, into ashes: any
fair but disappointing thing; APPLE OF THE EYE, the eyeball: something
especially dear; APPLE-PIE ORDER, complete order. [A.S. _æppel_; cf. Ger.
_apfel_, Ice. _epli_, Ir. _abhal_, W. _afal_.]
APPLIQUÉ, ap'lik-[=a], _n._ work applied to, or laid on, another material,
either of metal-work or of lace or the like. [Pa.p. of Fr. _appliquer_.]
APPLY, ap-pl[=i]', _v.t._ to lay or put to: to administer a remedy: to
bring a general law to bear on particular circumstances: (_obs._) to
ascribe: to employ: to fix the mind on: to bring (a ship) to land.--_v.i._
to suit or agree: to have recourse to: to make request: (_Milton_) to
assign or impute blame to:--_pr.p._ apply'ing; _pa.p._ appl[=i]ed'.--_adj._
APPL[=I]'ABLE, that may be applied: compliant, well disposed.--_ns._
APPL[=I]'ABLENESS; APPL[=I]'ANCE, anything applied: means used: (_Shak._)
compliance.--_ns._ APPLICABIL'ITY, AP'PLICABLENESS.--_adj._ AP'PLICABLE,
that may be applied: suitable.--_adv._ AP'PLICABLY.--_n._ AP'PLICANT, one
who applies: a petitioner.--_adj._ AP'PLICATE, put to practical use,
applied.--_n._ APPLIC[=A]'TION, the act of applying, e.g. the
administration of a remedy: diligence: employment, use of anything in
special regard to something else, as in the 'application' of a story to
real life, the lesson or moral of a fable: close thought or attention:
request: a kind of needlework, appliqué: (_obs._) compliance.--_adj._
AP'PLICATIVE, put into actual use in regard to anything: practical.--_adj._
and _n._ AP'PLICATORY, having the property of applying. [O. Fr.
_aplier_--L. _applic[=a]re_, _[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, _plic[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_,
to fold.]
APPOGGIATURA, ap-pod-ja-t[=u]'ra, _n._ an Italian musical term, designating
a form of embellishment by insertion of notes of passage in a melody. [It.
_appoggiare_, to lean upon. See APPUI.]
APPOINT, ap-point', _v.t._ to fix: to settle: assign, grant: to name to an
office: to destine, devote: to equip (_obs._ except in _pa.p._.).--_p.adj._
APPOINT'ED, established: furnished.--_n._ APPOINT'MENT, settlement:
engagement: direction: situation: arrangement: (_obs._) allowance paid to a
public officer: (_pl._) equipments. [O. Fr. _apointer_, Low L.
_appunctare_--L. _ad_, to, _punctum_, a point. See POINT.]
APPORTION, ap-p[=o]r'shun, _v.t._ to portion out: to divide in just shares:
to adjust in due proportion.--_n._ APPOR'TIONMENT. [L. _ad_, to, and
PORTION.]
APPOSE, a'p[=o]z, _v.t._ to apply one thing to another, e.g. a seal to a
document: to place side by side. [Formed from L. _appon[)e]re_,
_-positum_.]
APPOS[=I]TE, ap'poz-[=i]t, _adj._ adapted: suitable.--_adv._
AP'POSITELY.--_n._ AP'POSITENESS. [L. _appositus_, pa.p. of _appon[)e]re_,
to put to--_ad_, to, _pon[)e]re_, to put.]
APPOSITION, ap-poz-ish'un, _n._ the act of adding: state of being placed
together or against: juxtaposition: (_gram._) the annexing of one noun to
another, in the same case or relation, in order to explain or limit the
first: also used of a public disputation by scholars, and still the word in
use for the 'Speech Day' at St Paul's School, London.--_adjs._
APPOSI'TIONAL; APPOS'ITIVE, placed in apposition. [See APPOSITE.]
APPRAISE, ap-pr[=a]z', _v.t._ to set a price on: to value with a view to
sale: to estimate the amount and quality of anything.--_adj._
APPRAIS'ABLE.--_ns._ APPRAIS'AL, appraisement; APPRAISE'MENT, a valuation:
estimation of quality; APPRAIS'ER, one who values property: one who
estimates quality. [Late in appearing; for some time used in the same sense
as _praise_. Perh. formed on analogy of the synonymous PRIZE, APPRIZE.]
APPRECIATE, ap-pr[=e]'shi-[=a]t, _v.t._ to estimate justly, to be fully
sensible of all the good qualities in the thing judged: to estimate highly:
to raise in value, to advance the quotation or price of, as opposed to
_depreciate_.--_v.i._ to rise in value.--_adj._ APPR[=E]'CIABLE.--_adv._
APPR[=E]'CIABLY.--_n._ APPRECI[=A]'TION, the act of setting a value on,
also specially of a work of literature or art: just--and also
favourable--estimation: rise in exchangeable value: increase in
value.--_adjs._ APPR[=E]'CIATIVE, APPR[=E]'CIATORY, implying
appreciation.--_n._ APPRECI[=A]'TOR, one who appreciates, or estimates
justly. [L. _appreti[=a]tus_, pa.p. of _appreti[=a]re_--_ad_, to, and
_pretium_, price.]
APPREHEND, ap-pre-hend', _v.t._ to lay hold of: to seize by authority: to
be conscious of by means of the senses: to lay hold of by the intellect: to
catch the meaning of: to consider or hold a thing as such: to fear.--_n._
APPREHENSIBIL'ITY.--_adj._ APPREHENS'IBLE.--_n._ APPREHEN'SION, act of
apprehending or seizing: arrest: (_arch._) conscious perception:
conception: ability to understand: fear: (_obs._) sensitiveness,
sensibility to.--_adj._ APPREHENS'IVE, pertaining to the laying hold of
sensuous and mental impressions: intelligent, clever: having an
apprehension or notion of: fearful: anticipative of something
adverse.--_n._ APPREHENS'IVENESS. [L. _apprehend[)e]re_--_ad_, to,
_prehend[)e]re_, _-hensum_, to lay hold of.]
APPRENTICE, ap-prent'is, _n._ one bound to another to learn a trade or art:
one learning the rudiments of anything, a novice.--_v.t._ to bind as an
apprentice.--_ns._ APPRENT'ICEHOOD (_Shak._), apprenticeship;
APPRENT'ICESHIP, the state of an apprentice: a term of practical training:
specially, a period of seven years.--TO SERVE APPRENTICESHIP, to undergo
the training of an apprentice. [O. Fr. _aprentis_, _aprendre_, to learn--L.
_apprehend[)e]re_. See APPREHEND.]
APPRISE, ap-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ to give notice: to inform. [Fr. _apprendre_,
pa.p. _appris_--L. _adprend[)e]re_. See APPREHEND.]
APPRIZE, -ISE, a-pr[=i]z', _v.t._ (_Scots law_) to put a selling price on:
to value, appreciate.--_n._ APPRIZ'ER, a creditor for whom an appraisal is
made. [O. Fr. _apriser_--_à_, to, and _prisier_, to price, prize. See
APPRAISE, PRAISE, and PRIZE.]
APPROACH, ap-pr[=o]ch', _v.i._ to draw near: to draw nigh (of time or
events): to come near in quality, condition, &c.: (_arch._) to come into
personal relations with a person.--_v.t._ to come near to: to resemble:
attain to: to bring near in any sense.--_n._ a drawing near to in military
attack, in personal relations: access: a path or avenue: approximation:
(_pl._) trenches, &c., by which besiegers strive to reach a fortress.--_n._
APPROACHABI'LTY.--_adj._ APPROACH'ABLE. [O. Fr. _aprochier_, Low L.
_adpropiare_--L. _ad_, to, _prope_, near.]
APPROBATION, ap-prob-[=a]'shun, _n._ formal sanction: approval: (_Shak._)
confirmation.--_v.t._ AP'PROBATE, to approve authoritatively (_obs._ except
in U.S.): (_Scots law_) to approve of as valid.--_adjs._ AP'PROBATORY,
AP'PROBATIVE, of or belonging to one who approves.--TO APPROBATE AND
REPROBATE, a phrase in Scotch law which means that no one can be permitted
to accept and reject the same deed or instrument, analogous in the law of
England to Election. [See APPROVE.]
APPROOF, ap-pr[=oo]f', _n._ trial, proof: sanction, approbation.
APPROPINQUATE, ap-pro-pink'w[=a]t, _v.i._ to come near to.--_ns._
APPROPINQU[=A]'TION, APPROPIN'QUITY. [L. _appropinqu[=a]re_, to
approach--_ad_, to, and _propinquus_, near (_prope_).]
APPROPRIATE, ap-pr[=o]'pri-[=a]t, _v.t._ to make the private property of
any one: to take to one's self as one's own: to set apart for a purpose:
(_arch._) to select as suitable (with _to_).--_adj._ set apart for a
particular purpose: peculiar: suitable.--_adv._ APPROPRIATELY.--_ns._
APPR[=O]'PRIATENESS; APPROPRI[=A]'TION, the act of appropriating: in Church
law, the making over of a benefice to an owner who receives the tithes, but
is bound to appoint a vicar for the spiritual service of the parish: in
Constitutional law, the principle, that supplies granted by parliament are
only to be expended for particular objects specified by itself.--_adj._
APPR[=O]'PRIATIVE.--_ns._ APPR[=O]'PRIATIVENESS; APPR[=O]'PRIATOR, one who
appropriates.--APPROPRIATION CLAUSE, a clause in a parliamentary bill,
allotting revenue to any special purpose or purposes. [L. _appropri[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_ad_, to, _proprius_, one's own. See PROPER.]
APPROVE, a-pr[=oo]v', _v.t._ to show, demonstrate (also reflexively): to
sanction or ratify: to think well of, to be pleased with, to commend:
(_Shak._) to put to the trial, hence also, to convict upon proof.--_v.i._
to judge favourably, to be pleased (with _of_).--_adj._ APPROV'ABLE,
deserving approval--_ns._ APPROV'AL, the act of approving: approbation;
APPROV'ER, one who approves: (_law_) an accomplice in crime admitted to
give evidence against a prisoner.--_adv._ APPROV'INGLY. [O. Fr.
_aprover_--L. _approb[=a]re_--_ad_, to, and _prob[=a]re_, to test or
try--_probus_, good.]
APPROVE, a-pr[=oo]v', _v.t._ (_law_) to turn to one's profit, increase the
value of. [Confused with APPROVE, but from O. Fr. _aproer_,
_approuer_--_à_, to (L. _ad_), and _pro_, _prou_, advantage. See PROW-ESS.]
APPROVEN, ap-pr[=oo]v'n, old _pa.p._ of APPROVE.
APPROXIMATE, ap-proks'im-[=a]t, _adj._ nearest or next: approaching
correctness.--_v.t._ to bring near.--_v.i._ to come near, to
approach.--_adv._ APPROX'IMATELY.--_n._ APPROXIM[=A]'TION, an approach: a
result in mathematics not rigorously exact, but so near the truth as to be
sufficient for a given purpose.--_adj._ APPROX'IMATIVE, approaching
closely. [L. _approxim[=a]re_, _-atum_--_ad_, to, _proximus_, nearest,
superl. of _prope_, near.]
APPUI, ap-w[=e]', _n._ the reciprocal action between the mouth of the horse
and the rider's hand.--_vs.t._ APPUI, APPUY, to support, e.g. to post
troops in order to support.--POINT D'APPUI, a point at which troops form as
a base of operations. [O. Fr. _apuyer_--Low L. _appodia-re_--L. _ad_, to,
and _podium_, support (Fr. _puy_, a hill).]
APPULSE, ap-puls', _n._ a striking against: the approach of a planet to a
conjunction with the sun or a star.--_n._ APPUL'SION.--_adj._ APPUL'SIVE.
[L. _appuls-us_--_appell-[)e]re_, _ad_, towards, _pell-[)e]re_, to drive.]
APPURTENANCE, ap-pur'ten-ans, _n._ that which appertains to: an appendage
or accessory: (_law_) a right belonging to a property.--_adj._ and _n._
APPUR'TENANT. [O. Fr. _apurtenance_. See APPERTAIN.]
APRICATE, ap'ri-k[=a]t, _v.i._ to bask in the sun.--_v.t._ (_rare_) to
expose to sunlight.--_n._ APRIC[=A]'TION. [L. _appricat-_, _apric[=a]ri_,
to bask in the sun, _apricus_, open to the sun.]
APRICOT, [=a]'pri-kot, _n._ a fruit of the plum kind, roundish, pubescent,
orange-coloured, of a rich aromatic flavour--older form A'PRICOCK. [Port.
_albricoque_ (Fr. _abricot_)--Ar. _al-birquq_. But _b[=i]rquq_ is a corr.
of Late Gr. _praikokion_, which is simply the L. _præcoquum_ or _præcox_,
early ripe; the form is perh. due to a fancied connection with L.
_apricus_, sunny. See PRECOCIOUS.]
APRIL, [=a]'pril, _n._ the fourth month of the year.--_n._ A'PRIL-FOOL, one
sent upon a bootless errand on the 1st of April, perhaps a relic of some
old Celtic heathen festival. In Scotland called _gowk_ (a cuckoo, a fool).
[L. _Aprilis_, usually regarded as from _aperire_, as the month when the
earth opens to bring forth new fruits.]
A PRIORI, [=a] pri-[=o]'r[=i], a term applied to reasoning from what is
prior, logically or chronologically, e.g. reasoning from cause to effect;
from a general principle to its consequences; even from observed fact to
another fact or principle not observed, or to arguing from pre-existing
knowledge, or even cherished prejudices; (_Kant_) from the forms of
cognition independent of experience.--_ns._ APRI[=O]'RISM, APRI[=O]'RITY;
APRI[=O]'RIST, one who believes in Kant's view of a priori cognition. [L.
_a_, _ab_, from, _priori_, abl. of _prior_, preceding.]
APRON, [=a]'prun, _n._ a cloth or piece of leather worn before one to
protect the dress, or as part of a distinctive official dress, as by
Freemasons, &c.--aprons of silk or the like are often worn by ladies for
mere ornament: the short cassock ordinarily worn by English bishops:
anything resembling an apron in shape or use, as a gig-apron, &c.--_v.t._
to cover with, as with an apron.--_adj._ A'PRONED.--_ns._ A'PRON-MAN
(_Shak._), a man who wears an apron, a mechanic; A'PRON-STRING, a string by
which an apron is attached to the person.--TO BE TIED TO A WOMAN'S
APRON-STRINGS, to be bound to a woman as a child is bound to its mother.
[O. Fr. _naperon_--_nappe_, cloth, tablecloth--L. _mappa_, a napkin.]
APROPOS, a-pro-p[=o]', _adv._ to the purpose: appropriately: in reference
to (with _to_ and _of_).--_adj._ opportune. [Fr. _à propos_. See PROPOSE.]
APSE, aps, _n._ an arched semicircular or polygonal recess at the east end
of the choir of a church--here, in the Roman basilica, stood the prætor's
chair.--_adj._ AP'SIDAL.--_n._ APSID'IOLE, a secondary apse, as one of the
apses on either side of the central or main apse in a church of triapsidal
plan. [See APSIS.]
APSIS, ap'sis, _n._ one of the two extreme points in the orbit of a planet,
one at the greatest, the other at the least distance from the sun: one of
the two points in the orbit of a satellite--one nearest to, the other
farthest from, its primary; corresponding, in the case of the moon, to the
perigee and apogee:--_pl._ APSIDES (ap'si-d[=e]z).--_adj._ AP'SIDAL. [L.
_apsis_--Gr. _hapsis_, a connection, an arch--_hapt-ein_, to connect. See
APT.]
APT, apt, _adj._ liable: ready for or prone to anything: prompt, open to
impressions (with _at_).--_adv._ APT'LY.--_n._ APT'NESS. [L. _apt-us_, fit,
suitable, apposite; cog. with Gr. _hapt-ein_.]
APTEROUS, ap't[.e]r-us, _adj._ without wings.--_adj._ AP'TERAL, without
wings: (_archit._) without lateral columns. [Gr. _a_, neg., _pteron_, a
wing.]
APTERYX, ap't[.e]r-iks, _n._ a bird found in New Zealand, wingless and
tailless, reddish-brown, about the size of a large hen. [Gr. _a_, neg.,
_pteryx_, wing.]
APTITUDE, apt'i-t[=u]d, _n._ fitness: tendency: readiness, teachableness,
talent (with _for_). [Low L. _aptitudo_--L. _apt-us_.]
APTOTE, ap't[=o]t, _n._ a noun without any variation of cases. [Gr.
_apt[=o]tos_--_a_, priv., _pt[=o]sis_, a falling, a case--_pipt-ein_, to
fall.]
APYRETIC, a-pir-et'ik, _adj._ without pyrexia or fever, especially of those
days in which the intermission of fevers occurs in agues--_n._ APYREX'IA.
[Gr. _a_, neg., and _pyretos_, fever.]
AQUA-FORTIS, [=a]'kwa-for'tis, _n._ nitric acid, a powerful solvent, hence
used figuratively.--_ns._ AQUAFORT'IST, one who prepares etchings or
engravings by means of aqua-fortis; A'QUA-MIRAB'ILIS, a preparation
distilled from cloves, nutmeg, ginger, and spirit of wine; A'QUA-R[=E]'GIA,
a mixture of nitric and hydrochloric acids, so called because it dissolves
the royal metal, gold; A'QUA TOFA'NA, a poisonous fluid (prepared from
arsenic) made in Palermo in the 17th cent. by a woman _Tofana_;
A'QUA-VI'TÆ, an old name for alcohol, used of brandy, whisky, &c.; cf. Fr.
_eau de vie_, and _usquebaugh_. [L. _aqua_, water, _fortis_, strong.]
AQUAMARINE, [=a]'kwa-ma-r[=e]n', _n._ the beryl.--_adj._ bluish-green,
sea-coloured. [L. _aqua_, water, _mar[=i]na_--_mare_, the sea.]
AQUARELLE, ak-wa-rel', _n._ water-colour painting, or a painting in
water-colours.--_n._ AQUAREL'LIST. [Fr.,--It. _acquerella_, _acqua_--L.
_aqua_.]
AQUARIUM, a-kw[=a]'ri-um, _n._ a tank or series of tanks for keeping
aquatic animals, usually made mostly of glass, filled with either fresh or
salt water, having rocks, plants, &c. as in nature: an artificial pond or
cistern for cultivating water-plants:--_pl._ AQU[=A]'RIUMS, AQU[=A]'RIA.
[L.--_aqua_, water.]
AQUARIUS, a-kw[=a]'ri-us, _n._ the water-bearer, the eleventh sign of the
zodiac, which the sun enters about 21st January, so called from the
constellation of the same name, supposed to represent a man holding his
left hand upward, and pouring with his right water from a vase into the
mouth of the Southern Fish. [L.--_aqua_, water.]
AQUATIC, a-kwat'ik, _adj._ relating to water: living or growing in
water.--_n.pl._ AQUAT'ICS, amusements on the water, as boating, &c.
AQUATINT, [=a]'kwa-tint, _n._ a mode of etching on copper, by which
imitations are produced of drawings in Indian ink, &c.--also
AQUATINT'A.--_v.t._ and _v.i._ A'QUATINT, to engrave in aquatint. [It.
_acqua tinta_--L. _aqua_, water, and _ting[)e]re_, _tinctum_, to wet, to
colour.]
AQUEDUCT, ak'we-dukt, _n._ an artificial channel for conveying water, most
commonly understood to mean a bridge of stone, iron, or wood for conveying
water across a valley: also a bridge carrying a canal for the purposes of
navigation. [L. _aqua_, water--_duc[)e]re_, _ductum_, to lead.]
AQUEOUS, [=a]'kwe-us, _adj._ watery: deposited by water.--_adv._
A'QUEOUSLY.--AQUEOUS HUMOUR, the watery fluid which fills the space between
the cornea and the crystalline lens in the eye; AQUEOUS ROCKS, in geology,
rocks composed of matter deposited by water.
AQUIFEROUS, ak-wif'[.e]r-us, _adj._ bearing water. [L. _aqua_, water,
_fero_, I bear.]
AQUIFORM, [=a]'kwi-form, _adj._ having the form of water. [L. _aqua_,
water, and FORM.]
AQUILINE, ak'wil-in, or -[=i]n, _adj._ relating to or like the eagle:
curved or hooked, like an eagle's beak. [L. _aquila_.]