_agmen medium_ (Liv. 10. 41)—the centre of the marching column.
_agmen primum_—the vanguard.
_agmen novissimum (extremum)_—the rearguard.
_agmen claudere, cogere_—to bring up the rear.
_signa_[1] _ferre, tollere_—to begin the march, break up the camp.
_castra movere_—to begin the march, break up the camp.
_agmen agere_—to set the army in motion.
_procedere cum exercitu_—to advance with the army.
_magnis itineribus_ (Sall. Iug. 37)—by forced marches.
_quam maximis itineribus (potest)_—by the longest possible forced
marches.
_citatum agmen rapere_—to lead the army with forced marches.
_raptim agmen ducere_—to lead the army with forced marches.
_citato gradu incedere_ (cf. sect. II. 5)—to advance rapidly.
_loca, regiones, loci naturam explorare_—to reconnoitre the ground.
_iter facere_—to march.
_iter conficere_ (B. C. 1. 70)—to traverse a route.
_iter maturare, accelerare_—to quicken the pace of marching.
_iter continuare_ (B. C. 3. 11)—to march without interruption.
_iter non intermittere_—not to interrupt the march.
_iter flectere, convertere, avertere_—to deviate, change the direction.
_signa convertere_ (B. G. 1. 25)—to deviate, change the direction.
_averso itinere contendere in..._—to change one's route and march
towards...
_iter tentare per vim_ (cf. sect. II. 3)—to force a way, a passage.
_agmen, exercitum demittere in..._—to march down on to...
_exercitum admovere, adducere ad..._—to advance on...
_signa sequi_ (opp. _a signis discedere, signa relinquere_)—to follow
the standards.
_ordines servare_ (B. G. 4. 26)—to keep the ranks.
_confertis, solutis ordinibus_—with close ranks; with ranks in disorder.
_raris ordinibus_—in open order.
_ordines turbare, perrumpere_—to break the ranks.
_agmine quadrato incedere, ire_—to march with closed ranks, in order
of battle.
_agmine duplici, triplici_—in two, three columns.
_novissimos premere_—to press the rearguard.
_novissimos turbare_—to throw the rearguard into confusion.
_novissimos carpere_—to harass the rear.
_novissimis praesidio esse_—to protect the troops in the rear.
_opprimere hostes (imprudentes, incautos, inopinantes)_—to surprise
and defeat the enemy.
_subsistere, consistere_—to halt.
_gradum sistere_—to halt.
_capere, occupare locum_—to occupy a position (with troops).
_occupare loca superiora_—to occupy the high ground.
_praeoccupare locum_ (Liv. 35. 27)—to occupy a place beforehand.
_tenere montem_ (B. G. 1. 22)—to hold a mountain.
_consistere in monte_—to take up one's position on a mountain.
_considere sub monte (sub montis radicibus)_—to occupy the foot of a
hill.
_praesidiis firmare urbem_—to garrison a town.
_praesidium collocare in urbe_—to garrison a town.
_praesidia, custodias disponere_—to station posts, pickets, at
intervals.
_vigilias crebras ponere_ (Sall. Iug. 45. 2)—to place a close line of
sentry-posts.
[1] _signa_ = standards of a maniple, cohort, or legion. Since Marius'
time the _signum_ of a legion was an eagle, those of the maniples
different animals, wolf, horse, etc. In the camp the standards were
fixed in the ground, in action they were carried in the front rank,
hence several phrases—_signa convellere, tollere, efferre_, to break
up camp; _signa proferre, promovere_, to advance in battle-order;
_signa inferre_, to attack; _signa conferre_, to come to close
quarters; _signa statuere_, to halt; _signa convertere_, to change
one's route; _signa referre_, to retire; _signa relinquere_, to
desert, etc.