_consentire, idem sentire cum aliquo_—to agree with a person.
_dissentire, dissidere ab_ or _cum aliquo_—to disagree with a person.
_omnes (uno ore) in hac re consentiunt_—all agree on this point.
_una et consentiens vox est_—all are unanimous.
_una voce; uno ore_—unanimously.
_uno, communi, summo_ or _omnium consensu_ (Tusc. 1. 15.
35)—unanimously.
_re concinere, verbis discrepare_—to agree in fact but not in word.
_hoc convēnit inter nos_—we have agreed on this point.
_hoc mihi tecum convēnit_ (Att. 6. 1. 14)—I agree with you there.
_quī convenit?_—how is this consistent? how are we to reconcile this...?
_summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio_ (opp. _dissensio_)—the
learned men are most unanimous in...
_constantia_ (opp. _inconstantia_) (Tusc. 5. 11. 32)—consistency.
_inter se pugnare_ or _repugnare_—to be mutually contradictory.
_secum pugnare_ (without _sibi_); _sibi repugnare_ (of things)—to
contradict oneself, be inconsistent.
_a se dissidere_ or _sibi non constare_ (of persons)—to contradict
oneself, be inconsistent.
_pugnantia loqui_ (Tusc. 1. 7. 13)—to make contradictory, inconsistent
statements.
_dicere contra aliquem_ or _aliquid_ (not _contradicere alicui_)—to
contradict some one.
14. Particular Sciences
(History—Mythology—Chronology—Geography—Mathematics—Natural
Science—Astronomy)
_res Romanae_[1]—Roman history (_i.e._ the events in it).
_res gestae Romanorum_—Roman history (_i.e._ the events in it).
_historia_—history (as a science).
_historia Romana_[2] or _rerum Romanarum historia_—Roman history
(_i.e._ the exposition, representation of it by writers).
_memoria rerum Romanarum_—Roman history (as tradition).
_historiam (-as) scribere_—to write a history.
_res populi Romani perscribere_—to write a history of Rome.
_rerum scriptor_[3]—an historian.
_rerum auctor_ (as authority)—an historian.
_evolvere historias, litterarum (veterum annalium) monumenta_—to study
historical records, read history.
_memoriae traditum est, memoriae (memoria) proditum est_ (without
_nobis_)—tradition, history tells us.
_tradunt, dicunt, ferunt_—they say; it is commonly said.
_accepimus_[4]—we know; we have been told.
_historiae prodiderunt_ (without _nobis_)—history has handed down to us.
_apud rerum scriptores scriptum videmus, scriptum est_—we read in
history.
_duplex est memoria de aliqua re_—a twofold tradition prevails on this
subject.
_rerum veterum memoria_—ancient history.
_memoria vetus_ (Or. 34. 120)—ancient history.
_veterum annales_—ancient history.
_veterum annalium monumenta_—ancient history.
_antiquitatis memoria_—ancient history.
_recentioris aetatis memoria_—modern history.
_memoria huius aetatis (horum temporum)_—the history of our own times;
contemporary history.
_nostra memoria_ (Cael. 18. 43)—the history of our own times;
contemporary history.
_omnis memoria, omnis memoria aetatum, temporum, civitatum_ or _omnium
rerum, gentium, temporum, saeculorum memoria_—universal history.
_memoriam annalium_ or _temporum replicare_—to consult history.
_aetas heroica_[5] (Tusc. 5. 3. 7)—the mythical period, the heroic age.
_tempora heroica_ (N. D. 3. 21. 54)—the mythical period, the heroic age.
_fabulae, historia fabularis_—mythology.
_repetere ab ultima (extrema, prisca) antiquitate (vetustate), ab
heroicis temporibus_—to go back to the remote ages.
_ut a fabulis ad facta veniamus_—to pass from myth to history.
_historicorum fide contestata memoria_—historic times.
_historiae, rerum fides_—historic truth.
_narrare aliquid ad fidem historiae_—to give a veracious and historic
account of a thing.
_res historiae fide comprobata_—an acknowledged historical fact.
_incorrupta rerum fides_—genuine historical truth.
_ad historiam (scribendam) se conferre_ or _se applicare_—to devote
oneself to writing history.
_homo in historia diligens_—a conscientious historian.
_memoriam rerum gestarum (rerum Romanarum) tenere_—to be well versed
in Roman history.
_domestica (externa) nosse_—to be acquainted with the history of one's
own land.
_temporum ratio, descriptio, ordo_—chronology.
_temporum ordinem servare_—to observe the chronological order of events.
_servare et notare tempora_—to observe the chronological order of
events.
_res temporum ordine servato narrare_—to narrate events in the order
of their occurrence.
_temporibus errare_ (Phil. 2. 9. 23)—to make a chronological mistake.
_ad temporum rationem aliquid revocare_—to calculate the date of an
event.
_diligentem esse in exquirendis temporibus_—to be exact in calculating
dates.
_terrarum_ or _regionum descriptio (geographia)_—geography.
_Africae situm paucis exponere_—to give a brief exposition of the
geography of Africa.
_regionum terrestrium aut maritimarum scientia_—geographical knowledge.
_mathematica (-ae)_ or _geometria (-ae)_, _geometrica (-orum)_ (Tusc.
1. 24. 57)—mathematics.
_mathematicorum ratione concludere aliquid_—to draw a mathematical
conclusion.
_formas_ (not _figuras_) _geometricas describere_—to draw geometrical
figures.
_se conferre ad naturae investigationem_—to devote oneself to the
study of a natural science.
_astrologia_ (pure Latin _sidera, caelestia_)—astronomy.
_spectator siderum, rerum caelestium_ or _astrologus_[6]—an astronomer.
_arithmetica_[7] (_-orum_)—arithmetic.
_numeri (-orum)_—arithmetic.
_bis bina quot sint non didicisse_—to be absolutely ignorant of
arithmetic.
[1] But _res Romana_ = the Roman power, Rome.
[2] _historia_ has several different senses. (1) The narration,
exposition of the facts (_res gestae, res_), cf. _rerum exemplum_,
historic precedent; _res facta_, historic fact. (2) Historical
composition, e.g. _historiam scribere, historia graeca_ = either a
history written in Greek or a history of Greece (_rerum graecarum
historia_); _historia latina_, history written in Latin; _historia
romana_ or _rerum romanarum historia_ = a history of Rome. (3) A place
famous in history, e.g. _quacunque ingredimur, in aliqua historia
pedem ponimus_. In the plural _historiae_ means specially histories,
anecdotes (_narratiunculae_), memoirs, e.g. _Taciti historiae_.
[3] _historicus_ means an erudite student of history, one engaged on
historical research. As an adjective its use in Cicero is limited,
being only used when opposed to _oratorius_, e.g. _genus historicum_,
historic style (Brut. 83. 286).
[4] _scimus, cognovimus_ (= we know by experience) are not used of
historical knowledge.
[5] _heroicus_ only of time. _herous_ = epic, e.g. _versus herous_ (De
Or. 3. 49. 191) = a dactylic hexameter; _pes herous_ a dactyl; "epic"
of other things is usually _epicus_, e.g. _carmen epicum_; _poetae
epici_, or _epici_ alone. For "heroic" of an action, cf. _praeclarum
atque divinum factum; factum illustre et gloriosum_, etc.
[6] It is only in later Latin after _astrologus_ had acquired the
meaning of astrologer, magician, that _astronomus_ came to be used (=
astronomer).
[7] In Cicero always neut. plur., e.g. _in arithmeticis satis
versatus_; later writers use the fem. sing. The pure Latin word is
_numeri_, cf. De Fin. 1. 21. 72 _an ille se, ut Plato, in musicis,
geometria, numeris, astris contereret?_ So De Fin. 5. 29. 87 _cur
Plato Aegyptum peragravit, ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et
caelestia acciperet?_ Cf. Nägelsb. Lat. Stil. p. 46.