fugitive regicide, 1675.
=Hagerstown=, Maryland. 39N. 77W. Gen. Lee and Confederates in
occupation, 1862-4.
=Haiti= (Hayti), island, W. Indies. 19N. 71W. Discovered by Columbus,
whose ship was wrecked off, 1492; Cortes lands on, 1504; Hawkins at,
trading in negroes, 1562-3; attacked by Drake, 1585; western division
guaranteed to France by Treaty of Ryswick, 1697; negro revolts, 1722,
1791; surrender of Spanish possession to France, 1795; revolt of
negroes under Toussaint l'Ouverture, 1801; his surrender to French,
1802; negroes again in power under a king or president, 1803-25; France
recognises independence of island, 1825; Dominican republic f., 1843;
continued disturbances in for some time after. (See San Domingo.)
=Hakluyt's Isle=, Baffin's Bay. 77N. 74W. Name given to by Bylot, 1616.
=Halifax=, Nova Scotia. 44N. 63W. F. on old village of Chebucto, or
Chedabucto, by English, and made capital of Acadia, 1749.
=Hampton=, Virginia. 36N. 76W. British blockaders driven from, 1775,
first encounter in Virginia of the W. of Ind.; entered and pillaged
by the English, 1813; fired by order of the Confederate general, 1861
(Civil W.).
=Hampton Roads=, Virginia. 36N. 76W. Naval encounter between the
Confederate vessel 'Merrimac' and the 'Monitor,' the latter remaining
victor, 1862; meeting of President Lincoln and the Confederates, Feb.
3, 1865 (Civil W.).
=Hanging Rock=, Catawba R., S. Carolina. 34N. 45W. Encounter during W.
of Ind., 1780.
=Hanover=, near Gettysburg, Penn. 39N. 77W. Confederates repulsed, 1863
(Civil W.).
=Hanover= (or Hanover Court House), Virginia. 37N. 77W. Confederates
defeated, 1862 (Civil W.).
=Hardin Co.=, Kentucky. 37N. 85W. Bp. Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth
President U.S. (1809, ass. 1865).
=Harlem Plains=, N.Y. 40N. 74W. Desperate encounter during W. of Ind.
in which Washington took part, 1776.
=Harmony=, near Pittsburg, Penn. F. by the German religious sect formed
by the brothers Rapp, 1803; afterwards sold to Robert Owen, 1824.
=Harper's Ferry=, Virginia. 39N. 77W. U.S. arsenal captured by the
heroic John Brown, abolitionist, who the next day was made prisoner,
1859; arsenal, etc., blown up by the U.S. garrison early in the Civil
W., and Confederates entered for a while into possession; captured by
'Stonewall' Jackson, 1862 (Civil W.).
=Harrisonburg=, Virginia. 58N. 78W. Victory of Confederates under
'Stonewall' Jackson, 1862.
=Hartford=, Conn. 41N. 72W. Settled by English emigrants from
Massachusetts, 1635; convention for reform of the national
constitution, 1814. Bp. Noah Webster, lexicographer (1758-1843); John
Fiske, mis. writer (1842-1901).
=Harvard University=, Cambridge (q.v.). F. 1636; first president, Henry
Dunster, 1640-54.
=Hatchee=, river, Mississippi. 35N. 88W. Defeat of Confederates near
Corinth, 1862 (Civil W.).
=Hatcher's Run=, near Petersburg, Virginia. 37N. 77W. Severe struggle,
in which the Federals were repulsed, 1864 (Civil W.).
=Havana=, Cuba. 23N. 82W. Formerly Puerto de Carenas, so called by
Ocampo, who here careened his vessels, 1508; f. by Velasquez, 1515;
taken by buccaneers, 16th century; by English, 1762; restored to Spain,
1763; blockaded by U.S. fleet, 1898. The remains of Columbus were
removed to the cathedral from San Domingo, 1795; taken to Seville,
1898.
=Haverhill=, Mass. 42N. 71W. Massacre of inhabitants by Indians, led by
Hertel de Rouville, 1708. Bp. John Greenleaf Whittier poet (1807-92).
=Havre de Grace=, mouth of Susquehanna R., Maryland. 39N. 76W. Attack
on by British squadron, 1813.
=Hawaii= (or Owyhee). 19N. 154W. Discovered by Cook, 1778, who was
killed at, the following year; queen deposed and republic organised,
1894; annexed to U.S., 1898; organised as a territory, 1900.
=Helena=, Phillips Co., Arkansas. 34N. 90W. Defeat of Confederates,
1863 (Civil W.).
=Hispaniola=, see Haiti.
=Hobkirk's Hill=, near Camden, S. Carolina. 36N. 76W. Americans forced
to retreat, 1781 (W. of Ind.).
=Hoboken=, N. Jersey. 40N. 71W. Massacre of Indians by the Dutch, 1643.
=Holly Springs=, Mississippi. 35N. 89W. Captured by Confederates, 1862
(Civil W.).
=Honda=, Bay of, Cuba. 22N. 83W. Landing place of De Soto, Spanish
navigator, on his expedition for the reduction of Florida, 1538.
=Honduras=, Cent. A. 15N. 86W. Discovered by Columbus, 1502; further
discovery by Avila, 1522; colony planted by Spaniards, 1524; Truxillo
f., 1525; one of the states of the republic of S.A. after revolt from
Spain, and finally an independent republic, 1839.
=Honduras=, British. 17N. 88W. Or Belize, name said to be derived from
Scotch buccaneer Wallis; settled by English, 1667; visited by Dampier,
1674; conflicts between English and Spanish, 1754, 1779; latter
repulsed, 1783.
=Horn= (Hoorn), Cape, S.A. 55S. 67W. Drake off, 1578; so named by
Schouten in honour of his bp., 1616.
=Huacachula=, see Quauhquechollan.
=Huamanga=, Peru. F. by Pizarro, 1539; name changed to Ayacucho (q.v.)
since battle fought near.
=Huarina=, Lake Titicaca. 15S. 69W. Fierce battle, and victory of
Gonzalo Pizarro over Inca's forces lead by Centeno, 1547.
=Hudson's Bay.= 60N. 85W. Discovered by the Dane Anskold; reached
possibly by Cabot, 1498; named after the discoverer Hudson, who was
here cast adrift and left to perish, 1610; H.B. Company incorporated,
1670.
=Hudson River=, U.S. 41N. 73W. Verazzani on, 1524; named after the
explorer Hudson, 1609; trial of first steamship in America by Robert
Fulton, 1807.
=Huntingdon=, Long Island, N.Y., 40N. 73W. Bp. Walt Whitman, poet
(1819-92).
=Huron=, Lake, N.A. 44N. 82W. Discovered by Champlain, 1615.
=Icy Cape=, N.A., 70N. 162W. Discovered by Cook, 1778.
=Idaho=, state. 44N. 114W. Territory created from portion of Oregon
territory, 1863; the territories of Montana and Wyoming were cut off
from, 1864, 1868; admitted to Union, 1890.
=Illinois=, U.S. 40N. 89W. First explored by Joliet and Marquette,
1673; French settlement at Kaskaskia, 1720; passed under English
jurisdiction, 1763; separated, 1775; admitted to Union, 1818.
=Illinois River=, U.S. 40N. 80W. Joliet and Marquette on, 1673;
explored by La Salle, 1682.
=Indiana=, U.S. 40N. 86W. Early colonised by French; missionary station
at Vincennes, 1730; under English jurisdiction, 1763 till W. of Ind.;
organised as a territory, 1800; war with Indians, who were finally
crushed by victory of Tippecanoe, 1811; admitted to Union, 1816.
=Iowa=, U.S. 42N. 93W. First European colony settled by Du Buque, 1788;
Burlington settled by English, 1833; originally part of Louisiana, and
after having in turns belonged to other territories it was organised as
a separate one, 1838; admitted to Union, 1846.
=Irwinville=, Georgia. 31N. 83W. Jefferson Davis, president of
Confederate States, taken prisoner, 1865.
=Isabella=, Haiti. 19N. 71W. F. by Columbus, first European settlement
in the New World, 1493.
=Island Number Ten=, near New Madrid, Mississippi R. 35N. 89W.
Bombarded and surrendered by Confederates, 1862 (Civil War.).
=Ithaca=, N.Y. 42N. 76W. Cornell University organised, 1865.
=Ituzaingo=, S.A. Brazilians defeated by Argentinians, 1827. (See
Crichfield, op. cit.)
=Itzolan=, near Cholula, Mexico. Stormed and taken by Cortés, 1520.
=Iztapalapan=, Mexico. 23N. 99W. Sack of by Cortés, 1521.
=Jackson=, Mississippi. 32N. 90W. Entered by Grant after defeat of
Confederates near, 1863.
=Jamaica=, W. Indies. 18N. 77W. Discovered by Columbus, 1494; Spaniards
settle on, 1509; taken by the English sent by Cromwell, 1655; English
confirmed in possession by Treaty of Madrid, 1655; negroes in power
over part of island, 1730-37; Maroon revolts, 1795, 1831; emancipation
of slaves, 1834; disturbances under Gen. Eyre, 1865. Jamaica was a
headquarters of buccaneers in 17th century.
=James River= (Powhatan), Virginia. 37N. 78W. Explored by John Smith,
1607.
=Jamestown=, Virginia. 37N. 76W. Colony settled by expedition under
Newport, John Smith, and others, 1607; the first permanent English
settlement in N.A.; Pocahontas, the saviour of John Smith, married at
to John Rolfe, 1613; entered and burnt by Bacon, who died here shortly
after, 1676; cap. of Virginia till 1698.
=Jan Mayen=, island, Arctic Ocean. 71N. 8W. Discovered by Dutch
explorer of this name, 1611.
=Jersey City=, see Paulus Hook.
=Jimaguayú=, Cuba. Battle (Cuban insurrection), 1873.
=Jordan River=, Florida. Huguenot colony settled on by Ribault, who
gave the harbour the name of Port Royal, 1562. (See Port Royal.)
=Juan Fernandez=, island, Chili. 33S. 79W. Here Alexander Selkirk, the
prototype of Robinson Crusoe, was marooned, 1704, and lived for over
four years.
=Juncal=, Brazil. Brazilian fleet defeated by Argentines under Admiral
Brown, 1827.
=Juncal=, Playon del, near Barcelona, 10N. 64W. Defeat of Royalists
under Morales by Piar, 1816 (S. A. W. Ind.).
=Kamchatka=, 55N. 158E. Coast explored by Bering, 1728.
=Kansas=, U.S. 38N. 98W. Explored by Spaniards, 1541; became property
of U.S. as part of the Louisiana purchase from France, 1803; organised
as a territory, 1854; admitted to the Union, 1861.
=Kaskaskia=, Illinois. 38N. 89W. Captured by Americans under Clarke,
1778 (W. of Ind.).
=Kelly's Ford=, see Rappahannock.
=Kenesaw Mountain=, Georgia, 33N. 84W. Confederates, after repulsing
the enemy under Sherman, were finally forced to retreat, 1864 (Civil
W.).
=Kennett Square=, Chester Co., Penn. 40N. 76W. Bp. Bayard Taylor, A.
(translator of 'Faust') (1825-78).
=Kentucky=, U.S. 36N. 82W. Christopher Gist in the Blue Grass region
exploring for Ohio Company, 1750-2; explored by Col. Smith, 1766;
by John Finley, 1767; by Daniel Boone, 1769; and James Knox, 1770;
earliest settlements in: Harrodsburg, 1774; and Boonesboro, 1775; sc.
sanguinary conflicts between native tribes, and between whites and
natives; admitted to Union, 1792; sc. warfare during Civil W.; parties
in divided.
=King's Ferry=, Hudson River. 41N. 73W. Surrendered to Clinton, 1779
(W. of Ind.).
=King's Mountain=, between N. and S. Carolina. 35N. 81W. British
defeated, 1780 (W. of Ind.).
=Kingston=, Canada. 44N. 76W. Fort built by Frontenac, 1673.
=Kingston=, N.Y. 41N. 74W. Burnt by Clinton, 1777 (W. of Ind.).
=Kingston=, Jamaica. 18N. 76W. F., 1693, after destruction of Port
Royal by earthquake; earthquake at, 1907.
=Kirtland=, Ohio. 41N. 81W. Formerly occupied by the Mormons.
=Knoxville=, Tennessee. 35N. 83W. Federals besieged, and relieved by
Sherman, Nov.-Dec., 1863 (Civil W.).
=Labrador=, Canada. 55N. 62W. Norsemen in, 10th-11th centuries; the
Cabots off coast during voyages, 1497, 1498-9; the Cortereals off, 1500
and 1501; south coast explored by Cartier, 1534; voyage of Frobisher
to, 1576.
=Laguna=, Santa Caterina, Brazil. 28S. 51W. Garibaldi helps in capture
of, 1839; native town of Anita Riberas, G.'s wife.
=La Navidad=, Haiti. Fort built by Columbus, 1493, first Spanish
settlement in the New World.
=Lancaster=, Ohio. 39N. 82W. Bp. W. T. Sherman, general (1820-91).
=Lancaster=, Mass. 42N. 71W. Hideous assault on by Indians, 1676
(account of by Mary Rowlandson, a survivor).
=Lancaster Sound.= 74N. 80W. So named by Baffin, 1616.
=Lapland.= 68N. 25E. Sir Hugh Willoughby and his crew starved to death,
1554.
=La Puerto=, Venezuela. Bolivar's army almost completely destroyed by
the Royalist forces under Boves, 1814 (S. A. W. Ind.).
=Las Guasimas=, Cuba. Repulse of Americans, campaign of Santiago
(Spanish-American W.), 1898.
=Las Piedras=, Uruguay. Spaniards severely defeated by Gen. Artigas and
the Uruguayan Guachos, 1811.
=Las Salinas=, near Cuzco. 13S. 72W. Almagro's forces defeated by
Hernano Pizarro, 1538. (See Prescott, 'Peru,' op. cit.)
=Leesburg Heights=, see Ball's Buff.
=Leon=, Nicaragua. 12N. 86W. F. by Cordova, 1523.
=Lexington=, Mass. 42N. 71W. Battle of, first encounter between British
and Americans (W. of Ind.), 1775. Bp. Theodore Parker, scholar and
transcendentalist (1810-60).
=Lima=, cap. of Peru. 12S. 77W. F. by Pizarro as Ciudad de los Reyes,
1535; Pizarro assassinated by followers of Almagro, 1541; Vaca de
Castro in command of, 1542; Blasco Nuñez, viceroy, deposed, 1544;
Gonzalo Pizarro proclaimed Governor of Peru, 1544; enters town after
battle of Añaquito, 1546; is forced to abandon it, 1547 (see Prescott,
op. cit.); evacuated by Spaniards, 1821 (S. A. W. Ind.); taken by
Chilians, who destroyed Public Library, 1881; sc. three days' hideous
massacre during civil conflict, March 1895. (See 'Peru.')
=Litchfield=, Conn. 41N. 73W. Bp. Ethan Allan, a leader of the 'Green
Mountain Boys' (1737-89); J. Pierpont, poet (1785-1866); H. Ward
Beecher (1813-87); Mrs. Beecher Stowe (1812-96).
=Little Rock=, Arkansas. 34N. 92W. Surrendered by Confederates, 1863
(Civil W.).
=Long Island=, N.Y. 40N. 73W. Defeat of Americans by British under
Howe, 1776 (W. of Ind.).
=Longwoods=, Thames R., Upper Canada. English defeated by Americans,
1814.
=Look-out Mountain=, near Chattanooga, Tennessee. 35N. 85W. Confederate
position stormed, 1863. (See Chattanooga.)
=Louisburg=, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia. 45N. 60W. Fortress built by
French, 1713; taken by Sir W. Pepperell, 1745; restored to France by
Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle, 1748; surrendered after seven weeks' siege
to British under Amherst and Wolfe, 1758; ceded to England by Treaty of
Paris, 1763.
=Louisiana=, U.S. 31N. 92W. Taken possession of in name of Louis XIV.
by La Salle, 1682; later French colonists were Iberville (who built
Fort Biloxi, 1699) and Crozat; concession to English financier Law for
Mississippi Company, 1717; became a Crown colony, 1733; ceded to Spain,
1762; passed back to French by secret treaty, 1800; bought by U.S.,
1803; admitted to Union, 1812; seceded, 1861; readmitted, 1868.
=Lucayos=, see Bahamas.
=Lundy's Lane=, near Drummondville, Ontario. 45N. 72W. British driven
from the field and their battery seized; they returned next morning and
took possession of lost battery; both sides claim victory, 1814 (also
known as battle of Bridgewater, and Niagara Falls).
=Macaco=, Lake, Florida. Seminole Indians defeated by Col. Taylor, 1837.
=Magellan=, Straits of, S.A., 52S. 69W. Named after Magalhaes, the
Portuguese discoverer, 1520, who called it the Strait of the Eleven
Thousand Virgins; Drake sailed through, 1578.
=Maguaga=, near Detroit. 42N. 83W. British and Indian allies defeated
by Americans, 1814.
=Macon=, Georgia. 32N. 83W. Bp. Sidney Lanier, poet (1842-81).
=McDowell=, near Staunton, Virginia. 38N. 79W. Victory of Confederates
under 'Stonewall' Jackson, 1862 (Civil W.).
=Maine=, U.S. 45N. 69W. Cabot possibly off, 1498; northern limit of
Verazzano's exploration of American coast, 1524; coast explored by
Gosnold, 1602; by Martin Prynne, 1603; French colonists in, 1604-5;
George Weymouth in, 1605; unsuccessful expedition to by Plymouth
Company, 1607; coast explored by Capt. Smith, 1613; Bristol f., 1625;
charter of territory in granted by Charles I. to Sir F. Gorges, and
province named Maine in honour of queen; purchased by Massachusetts,
1677; suffered greatly from incursions of Indians, and during war of
1812; admitted to Union, 1820. Bp. Charles Farrar Brown (Artemus Ward)
(1778-1820).
=Maipu= (Maipo) or Maypo, river, Chili. 33S. 71W. Victory on by San
Martin over Spaniards securing Chilian independence, 1818 (S. A. W.
Ind.).
=Maldonado=, Uruguay. 34S. 54W. Captured by British, 1806. (See Darwin,
'Voyage of the Beagle.')
=Manassas= (or Manassas Junction), see Bull Run.
=Manhattan Island=, N.Y. 40N. 72W. Verazzani on, 1524; explored by
Hudson, 1609; early Dutch trading station on; purchased by Dutch from
Indians, 1626. (See New Amsterdam.)
=Manitoba=, Canada. 57N. 98W. Early French and English traders in;
purchased from Hudson's Bay Company and colony f. by Earl of Selkirk,
1812; repurchased by Hudson's Bay Company, 1836; became property of
Imperial government, 1869; organised as a territory, 1870, when the
N.-W. Provinces became part of Canada.
=Maracaibo=, town, Venezuela, 10N. 71W. Sacked by Morgan and his
buccaneers, 1669; naval engagement, defeat of Spaniards and evacuation
of town by Morales, 1823 (S. A. W. Ind.).
=Maracaibo=, Lake of, Venezuela, 10N. 71W. Discovered by Ojeda, 1499.
=Margarita=, island, Caribbean Sea. 11N. 64W. Sighted by Columbus,
1498; Ojeda and Vespucci on, 1499.
=Marietta=, Ohio. 39N. 81W. F. and named after Marie Antoinette by
Putnam and emigrants from New England, 1788; oldest town in Ohio.
=Mariposa=, Yosemite Valley. 37N. 119W. Famous for its mammoth trees
(Sequoia gigantea); the age of one now no longer standing was reckoned
at 3400 years.
=Martinique=, Lesser Antilles, W. Indies. 14N. 61W. These islands
were discovered by Columbus, 1493, and he was at Martinique, 1502;
French refugees in, 1625; settled by French, 1635; Admiral Ruyter
at Fort-de-France (Fort Royal) about 1675; ravaged by English, 1693;
surrendered to Rodney, 1762; restored to France by Treaty of Paris,
1763; thrice retaken and restored finally in 1816; revolt of slaves,
1831; slaves enfranchised, 1833; destructive eruptions of Mont Pelée,
May and August 1902. Bp. Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie, first wife of
Napoleon I. (1763-1814).
=Martin's Ferry=, Ohio. 40N. 80W. Bp. W. Dean Howells, A. (1837).
=Maryland=, U.S. 39N. 76W. One of the original 13 states of the Union;
first colonised by Virginians, 1631; grant to Lord Baltimore, 1632 and
English colony settled, 1634; alternate property of Baltimores and
Crown till 1774; constituted a state, 1776.
=Massachusetts=, U.S. 42N. 73W. One of the 13 original states of the
Union. The land along the coast of Massachusetts Bay is identified
as the Vinland of the old Norse saga of 'Eric the Red,' 10th-11th
centuries; Cabot off coast, 1498; Verazzani, 1524; first recorded
English expedition to under Gosnold, 1602; bay explored by Champlain,
1604; by John Smith, 1614; first colony planted by Puritans from the
'Mayflower', 1620; the colony of Massachusetts Bay was settled with
Endicott as governor, 1628; Winthrop elected governor, 1630; first code
of laws drawn up by John Cotton; New Plymouth incorporated with, 1692;
religious revival in under Cotton Mather and Jonathan Edwards, 1727.
=Matamoras=, Mexico. 25N. 97W. Mexicans defeated by Americans, 1846 (Mex.
W.).
=Matto Grosso=, prov., Brazil. 13S. 56W. Southern part captured by
Lopez (Brazil-Paraguayan W.), 1865.
=Mechanicsville=, Chickahominy, Virginia. 37N. 77W. Sanguinary
engagement between McClellan and Lee, and defeat of Confederates, 1862
(Civil W.) (battle also known as that of Ellison's Mill).
=Mecklenburg Co.=, N. Carolina. 35N. 80W. Declaration of independence,
1775.
=Medfield=, Mass. 42N. 71W. Bp. Hannah Adams ('View of Religious
Opinions,' etc.), first woman in America to make literature a
profession (1755-1832).
=Melville Island=, Polar Sea. 75N. 110W. Here Parry wintered, 1819-20.
=Melville Sound.= 73N. 110W. Reached by Parry, 1819.
=Mendoza=, Argentine Republic. 32S. 68W. Destroyed by terrible
earthquake, 1861.
=Merida de Yucatan=, Mexico. 20N. 89W. F. by Spaniards, 1542.
=Mexico=, state, N.A. 24N. 102W. Legend of Buddhist mission to in 5th
century; coasted by Cordova, 1517; coast explored by Grijalva, 1518;
landing of Cortés for conquest, 1519; further exploration of coast
by De Avila, 1522; Antonio de Mendoza first viceroy of Mexico, 1535;
revolt under Hidalgo, 1810; under Morelos, 1811-15; Royalist commander
Iturbide joins forces with revolutionary chief Guerrero, and 'Plan of
Iguala' promulgated, 1821; Iturbide declared emperor, 1822; forced
to abdicate, 1823, and shot, 1824; constitution under a president
established, 1824; civil dissensions and Santa Ana made dictator, 1835;
continuation of civil war, and war with U.S., 1847; Upper California
and New Mexico ceded to U.S., 1848; continued civil dissensions, and
standard of revolt raised by Juarez, 1858; forces of England, Spain,
and France occupy Vera Cruz, 1861; French take possession of Mexico
city and crown accepted by Archduke Maximilian, 1863; Maximilian
captured and shot by Juarez, 1867; further revolutions, and Diaz made
president, 1877. (See also Yucatan.) The country is rich in fine ruins
dating from an earlier and later (Aztec) period.
=Mexico=, city. 25N. 99W. F. by the Aztecs (Tenoch-titlan), 1325;
entry of Cortés and his army, and magnificent reception by Montezuma,
1519; Montezuma made prisoner, 1519; murder of the Aztec nobles by
Alvarado during absence of Cortés, 1520; rise of natives, death of
Montezuma, retreat of Spaniards amid fearful slaughter, 1520; siege
of and destruction of city by Cortés, 1521; city rebuilt by Cortés;
burial-place and monument of conqueror since 1629; entry of American
troops, 1847; Maximilian crowned emperor, 1864. (See Mexico, state.)
=Mexico=, Gulf of, N.A. 25N. 90W. Explored by Pineda, 1519.
=Michigan=, U.S. 44N. 85W. French in, 1610; mission established by
Marquette, 1668; Detroit f., 1701; passed into English possession,
1763; suffered during the Pontiac conspiracy; evacuated by English,
1796; admitted to the Union, 1837. (See Detroit.)
=Michigan, Lake=, U.S. 43N. 87W. Explored by Jean Nicolet, who reached
Green Bay, 1639; Joliet and Marquette on, 1673.
=Michillimackinac=, Michigan. Slaughter of garrison by Indians, 1763.
(See Parkman, 'Pontiac.')
=Milan=, Ohio. 41N. 82W. Bp. Thomas A. Edison, electrician (1847).
=Millsprings=, Kentucky. 37N. 84W. Confederates repulsed, 1862 (Civil
W.).
=Minisink=, N.Y. 41N. 74W. Attack on and massacre by Mohawk Indians
under Joseph Brant, and defeat of volunteer force in pursuit of, 1779
(monument at Goshen).
=Minnesota=, U.S. 46N. 94W. French explorers in, 1659; St. Paul f. by
Americans, 1846; organised as a territory, 1849; admitted to Union,
1858; war with Sioux Indians under Little Crow, 1862-3.
=Miraflores=, Peru. 12N. 77W. Peruvians defeated by Chilians, 1881.
=Missionary Ridge=, see Chattanooga.
=Mississippi=, U.S. 32N. 89W. De Soto in, 1540; La Salle, 1682; the
latter took formal possession of the country in name of Louis XIV.;
French settlements at Biloxi and Natchez, 1712, 1716; created a
territory, 1798; admitted to Union, 1817; seceded, 1861; readmitted to
Union, 1870.
=Mississippi River.= 33N. 91W. Estuary of discovered by Pineda, who
named it Espiritu Santo, 1519; crossed by Cabeza de Vaca during his
years of wandering, which ended 1536; by De Soto, 1541, who died on
its banks; partly explored by Joliet and Marquette, 1673; by Hennepin,
1680; La Salle, who named the river Colbert, descended it to the Gulf
of Mexico, 1682; further explored by Le Sueur, 1700.
=Missouri=, U.S. 38N. 92W. Formerly part of Upper Louisiana; Fort
Orleans f., 1719; St. Genevieve f., 1755; St. Louis, 1764; sold to
U.S., 1803; 'Missouri Compromise' concerning slave holders, 1820;
admitted to Union, 1821; divided in allegiance during Civil W.; World's
Fair at St. Louis, 1904.
=Missouri River=, U.S. 40N. 95W. Explored by Du Tisné, 1719; by Lewis
and Clarke, 1804-6.
=Mitla=, Mexico. 16N. 96W. Ruins of ancient tombs and other remains.
=Mobile=, cap. of county, Alabama, U.S. 30N. 88W. F. by French, 1702;
ceded to English by Treaty of Paris, 1763; taken by Spain, 1780;
evacuated by Spaniards and entered by Wilkinson and U.S. troops, 1813;
besieged, and evacuated by Confederates, 1865 (Civil W.).
=Mobile Bay=, U.S. 30N. 87W. Explored by Iberville, 1700; Confederate
fleet defeated, 1864 (Civil W.).
=Monhegan (Manheigin) Island=, Maine. 43N. 69W. Discovered by Capt.
Weymouth, 1605.
=Monk's Corner=, Charleston. American cavalry surprised, 1780. (See
Charleston.)
=Monmouth= (Court House), N. Jersey. 40N. 74W. Victory of Americans
under Washington, 1778 (W. of Ind.).