Father-and-Son, Dionysos the double of his father, i. 47;

name of Ophite Supreme God, ii. 38, 39, 67;

First Mystery of _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 144;

Mithras may be, ii. 248

Fathers of the Church, their writings neglected till lately, i. 1;

call all early heretics Gnostics, i. lviii, 171;

say Simon Magus parent of Gnosticism, i. 176, 200;

know little of many heresies, i. 200; ii. 9;

agree as to Ophites, ii. 36;

their account of Marcus the magician, ii. 128, 167;

their hostility to Gnosticism justified, ii. 199;

say devil inspires Mithraists to imitate Church, ii. 247;

ascribe Apocrypha of Thomas and Andrew to Manichaean Leucius, ii. 351

Faventinus, Ulpius Egnatius, priest of Isis and other deities, i. 83

_Fihrist_, the, of Muhammad ben Ishak or En-Nadîm, quoted, ii. 279 _n._

3, 280, 287 _n._ 4, 289 _n._ 2, 290 _n._ 3, 291 _n._ 1, 292, 293

_n._ 1, 294 _n._ 1, 295 _n._ 1, 296 _n._ 1, 299 _n._ 2, 300 _n._ 2,

302 _n._ 1, 304 _n._ 1, 309, 310, 312 _nn._ 1, 2, 313, 314, 322 _n._

2, 332, 333, 342 _nn._ 1, 2

Fîrûz. _See_ Peroz

Foakes-Jackson, Canon, quoted, ii. 215 _n._ 1, 216 _n._ 4, 223

Forefather, the Great Unseen or Propator, member of ruling Triad of

Left or material powers in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 142, 150, 155

Foucart, M. George. quoted, i. 91

Foucart, M. Paul, his works on Mysteries of Eleusis, i. 38 _n._ 3;

quoted, i. 17 _n._ 1, 21 _nn._ 1, 2, 22 _n._ 2, 23 _n._ 2, 25 _nn._

2, 3, 39 _nn._ 1-3, 40 _nn._ 3, 4, 41 _nn._ 1-3, 42 _nn._ 1, 2,

43, 44 _n._ 1, 47 _n._ 1, 48 _n._ 2, 52 _n._ 3, 59 _n._ 4, 61 _n._

1, 65 _n._ 6, 130 _n._ 1, 133 _n._ 1, 137 _n._ 5, 143 _n._ 4

France, Isiac monuments found in, i. 53;

and Mithraic, ii. 230

Fravashis, the, or Ferouers in Mazdeism, ii. 110 _n._ 1

Frazer, Sir James G., quoted, i. 43, 91, 96 _n._ 4, 158 _n._ 2

Freemasonry, Catholic accusation of obscene rites against, ii. 18 _n._

2;

Mithraism a Pagan (Renan), ii. 264

Gabinius, Proconsul of Syria, rebuilds Samaria after destruction by

Jews, i. 177

Gabriel, the angel, in _Book of Daniel_, i. 158;

named in Magic Papyri, ii. 34;

name of sphere in Diagram, ii. 70;

in _Pistis Sophia_, Jesus assumes shape of, at Annunciation, ii. 137,

138;

with Michael bears Pistis Sophia out of Chaos, ii. 156, 355 _n._ 1

Gaea or Gê, the Orphic earth goddess, i. 123, 133, 185; ii. 45 _n._ 1

Gaisford, Dean, his notes to _Etymologicum Magnum_ quoted, i. 137 _n._

3

Galatae, the, their settlement in Asia Minor, ii. 28

Galerius, the Emperor, speech of Persian ambassador to, ii. 226;

affects state of Persian Shah, ii. 228 _n._ 2

Galli, the, eunuch priests of Cybele, ii. 30 _n._ 3

Ganymede, burlesqued in procession of Isis, i. 71

Garôtman, abode of Infinite Light in Mazdeism, ii. 249

Gaumata, the Magian pseudo-Smerdis in Behistun inscription, ii. 233

Gayômort, the First Man in Mazdeism, i. lxi;

slain by Ahriman, i. 126 _n._ 3;

his legend in _Bundahish_, ii. 246

Geb, the Egyptian earth-god, father of Osiris, Isis, Set and Nephthys,

i. 33, 133 _n._ 1

Gehenna, in Enochian literature, i. 165, 167;

in Diagram, ii. 69

Genghiz Khan, his invasion and conquests, i. 5 _n._ 1, 14

Gentiles, the, their relations with Jews in earliest Christian

centuries, i. lv, lvi;

hostility of Jews against, partly due to Roman taxation, i. 163 _n._

1;

final fate of, _ap._ Jews, i. 164, 165, 166, 167;

rebellion of Jews against, i. 172;

Jewish hatred recognized by, after Titus, ii. 5;

non-Jewish Christianity necessary for conversion of, ii. 21

George the Syncellus, quoted, i. 124 _n._ 3.

_See_ Monogenes

Gerizim, Mount, temple of, rival to that of Jerusalem, i. 177

Germany, i. 7;

Isiac monuments found in, i. 53;

and Mithraic, ii. 230

Gibbon, Edward, the historian, his _Decline and Fall_ (Bury’s ed.),

quoted, i. 1, 85, 86 _n._ 2; ii. 7 _n._ 1, 12 _n._ 5, 96 _n._ 3, 127

_n._ 4, 226 _nn._ 1-6, 227 _n._ 1, 228 _n._ 2, 271 _n._ 2

Gilgamesh, the Babylonian hero, ii. 287 _n._ 4

Giraud, Father François, his _Ophitae_ quoted, i. 100 _n._ 1; ii. 26

_n._ 5, 41 _n._ 2, 44 _n._ 2, 64, 68, 70, 71 _n._ 2, 79 _n._ 2

Gladstone, Mr, his controversy with Huxley, i. liii

Glaucias, the interpreter of St Peter and teacher of Basilides, ii. 90

_n._ 3.

_See_ Ptolemy, son of Glaucias

Glaucothea, mother of Aeschines and priestess of Sabazius, i. 22, 138

Glory, the Column of, in Manichaeism, ii. 296, 308, 309, 332

Glory, the King of, in Manichaeism, ii. 148 _n._ 3;

in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 325

Glycon, the god worshipped at Nicomedia, _temp._ Gordian, i. 24.

_See_ Alexander of Abonoteichos

Gnosticism, ideas at root of, opposed to religion, i. 90;

the importance of knowledge of the spiritual world, i. 111;

Christianity may be only episode in history of, _ibid._;

impulse given to, by rise of astrology, i. 119;

earliest pre-Christian form of, i. 120;

Simon Magus said to be parent of all later, i. 176;

a hydra, i. 200;

does not compete with orthodox Christianity till IInd cent., ii. 2;

early converts from, ii. 21;

its services to Church, ii. 21, 202;

alleged necessity for forcible suppression of, ii. 23;

Montanism and, only formidable heresies in early centuries, ii. 29

_n._ 1;

likeness of, to Cabala, ii. 36 _n._ 1;

becomes ethical after contact with philosophers, ii. 87;

first form of Egyptian, unknown, ii. 89;

Valentinus transforms Christian, ii. 93;

degenerates into magic in Egypt, ii. 199;

rotten before it was ripe (Inge), ii. 199 _n._ 3;

bridge between Paganism and Christianity, ii. 200;

its suppression by Church, ii. 359

Gnostics, generic name for many different sects, i. lviii, 171;

worship of Greek confraternities resembles that of, i. 21;

form of Christian sacraments borrowed from, i. 87 _n._ 1;

Tertullian’s views on Trinity influenced by, i. 89 _n._ 2;

their use of magic (Hippolytus), i. 109;

points common to Orphics and post-Christian, i. 148;

Essenes, Gnostics in larger sense, i. 157;

conceal themselves during persecution, i. 200;

symbolic construction of Gospels by, ii. 6;

our sources of information as to, ii. 10;

“the great Gnostics of Hadrian’s time,” ii. 12;

writings of, ii. 13;

call Jesus Monogenes, ii. 15;

magical ideas of pre-Christian, ii. 18;

exchange of doctrines among, ii. 20;

introduce statues, incense, etc., ii. 22;

term Homoousios first used by, ii. 23 _n._ 1;

Barbeliotae etc. so called by Epiphanius, ii. 27, 77;

Carpocratians first call themselves, ii. 27;

the “perfect Gnostics” of the Naassenes, ii. 56 _n._ 1;

become active after St Paul’s preaching in Asia Minor, ii. 85;

Mithraists perhaps copy certain doctrines of, ii. 248;

may get ideas of destiny from Babylon, ii. 256

Gonds, the, sorcerers of Aryan races, i. 92

Gordian III, the Emperor, Glycon worship in reign of, i. 24

Goshurun or Goshurvan, the Heavenly Bull of the Avesta, ii. 243;

in _Bundahish_, slain by Ahriman, ii. 246

Gospel, the Fourth, its date, ii. 178;

not quoted in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 177;

nor by Marcion, ii. 208 _n._ 1;

quoted, i. 177 _n._ 5; ii. 117 _n._ 1, 123 _n._ 3, 161 _n._ 4, 177,

190

Goths, of Dacia, converted _en masse_, ii. 271

Gracchus, Urban Prefect of Rome, _temp._ Gratian, ii. 272

Graecia, Magna, overthrow of Pythagoreans in, i. 122;

Orphic gold plates found in, i. 169

Granicus, the, Greek troops on Persian side at, i. 7

Gratian, the Emperor, Epiphanius’ Panarion written in his 7th year, ii.

10;

spread of Marcionism in his reign, ii. 205;

Mithraea wrecked with his sanction, ii. 272;

financial measures against Paganism, ii. 358

Gratidia or Canidia of Horace, her sister witch a Thessalian, i. 108

Great Britain, Isiac monuments found in, i. 53;

and Mithraic, ii. 230

Greece, Persians repulsed in their attack on, i. 1;

Alexander in Seistan receives grapes from, i. 4 _n._ 1;

theocrasia in, i. 15, 16;

gods of, coalesce with those of Asia Minor, i. 17;

its religious confraternities, i. 21;

Dionysos-worship brought into, from Egypt, i. 43;

Orphic teaching first appears in, i. 112;

comes into, from Thrace, i. 122;

Dionysos youngest of gods of, i. 123;

popular theology of, i. 124;

propagation of Orphic ideas in, i. 135;

no regular association called Orphic in, i. 139 _n._ 3, 141;

mysteries of Chthonian deities in, attended by Gnostics, ii. 21;

great goddess worshipped in, ii. 45 _n._ 1;

Ophites have settlements in, ii. 77;

Mithraism keeps out of, ii. 230.

_See_ Hellas

Greeks, the, rush of, to Asia after Alexander’s conquests, i. 7;

adopt foreign gods in IVth cent. B.C., i. 15, 16;

Alexander’s deification a shock to, i. 18;

rise of Euhemerism among, i. 19; ii. 28;

no priestly caste among, i. 24, 76;

theocrasia popular among, i. 33, 54, 56;

Osiris myth common to Egyptians and, i. 38;

Alexandrian religion careful of susceptibilities of, i. 44;

think Demeter and Persephone one, i. 46;

Apollo always a sun-god among, i. 48;

mistake of, as to Harpocrates, i. 50;

their fear of gods _temp._ Homer, i. 57;

Homeric flattery of gods, i. 95;

turn to magic rites Vth cent. B.C., i. 121;

asceticism of Orphics foreign to, i. 127;

their view of Mysteries changes after Orphic reform, i. 130;

Orphism greatest religious movement among pre-Christian, i. 145;

religion of, and Jews contrasted, i. 149;

adoption of acrostics and word-puzzles among, i. 168, 169 _n._ 1;

Jews forge works of well-known authors among, i. 173;

Simon Magus uses religious traditions of, i. 185, 186;

laugh at wailing for Dying God, ii. 16;

Ophites take doctrines from Mysteries of, ii. 54;

unlike Persians, think gods have nature of men, ii. 234;

make astrology popular, ii. 235

Gregory the Great, Saint, his advice to assimilate heathen practices,

i. 85

Grünwedel, Dr, his expedition to Turfan, ii. 316

Guards, the Nine of Treasure-house in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 142, 193

Gundisabur or Djundi-sâbur, place of Mani’s execution, ii. 281 _n._ 7

Habakkuk, the Prophet, inspired by Jaldabaoth according to Ophites, ii.

81 _n._ 2

Hades, the god, his temple at Eleusis, i. 39;

his Rape of Persephone shown in Mysteries, i. 40;

in Homer shares universe with Zeus, i. 46;

identified with Zeus Chthonios and Dionysos, i. 47, 130, 144, 147;

ii. 39;

his name perhaps ineffable, i. 47 _n._ 1;

called Eubuleus, i. 47, 133, 142;

identified with Osiris, i. 48;

his epithet of Adamas, ii. 39 _n._ 1;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238;

identified with Ahriman, ii. 239, 253

Hades, the place or House of, passwords through, taught in Mysteries,

i. 41;

happy lot of initiates in, i. 59;

Amenti, the Egyptian, i. 102 _n._ 1, 104;

in Orphic gold plate, i. 132;

pains of uninitiated in, i. 140;

like Jewish Sheol, i. 150

Hadrian, the Emperor, his letter to Servian, i. 86;

the great Gnostics of his reign, i. 111; ii. 12;

his war of extermination against the Jews, i. 163, 170, 172 _n._ 1;

ii. 5, 203;

Celsus a contemporary of, ii. 66;

reign of Roman Law begins _temp._, ii. 86;

Gnosticism enters Alexandria _temp._, ii. 89;

gives back Trajan’s Persian conquests, ii. 225;

books on Mithras worship written _temp._, ii. 236

Haggai, the Prophet, hatred of Jews for Gentiles shown in, i. 167 _n._

4

Halicarnassus, Alexandrian worship in, i. 52

Ham, the patriarch, identified with Titan, i. lx

Harnack, Prof. Adolf, quoted, i. xlix _n._ 1; ii. 161 _n._ 4, 207, 215

_n._ 1, 216, 286 _n._ 5

Har-pa-khrat or Harpocrates, the Alexandrian Horus the Child, i. 50

Harris, Dr Rendel, his discovery of the _Odes of Solomon_, i. 164 _n._

1; ii. 157 _n._ 2;

and of the _Apology_ of Aristides, ii. 204 _n._ 1

Hartland, Mr E. S., his theory of _mana_, i. 91 _n._ 2

Harvey, W. W., editor of Irenaeus, quoted, i. 181 _n._ 1; ii. 138 _n._

1

Hasis-adra. _See_ Xisuthros

Hatch, Dr Edwin, quoted, i. lvii, lviii _n._ 1, 47 _n._ 4, 87 _n._ 1,

168 _n._ 3, 174 _n._ 2; ii. 23 _n._ 1, 37 _n._ 1, 83 _n._ 1, 165

_n._ 3, 168 _n._ 6, 169 _n._ 1, 170, 172 _n._ 3, 191 _n._ 2, 202

_n._ 1, 222 _nn._ 2, 3

Haurvetât, the Amshaspand, i. 181 _n._ 1;

his and Ameretât’s possible analogues in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 355

Hebdomad, the, in system of Simon Magus and _Clementines_, i. 181;

among Ophites, ii. 64;

Valentinus’ name for the Demiurge or god of the Jews, ii. 107, 109,

114 _n._ 3

Hebrews, the, i. 173, 185.

_See_ Jews

_Hebrews, the Gospel according to the_, perhaps identical with that

_according to the Egyptians_, ii. 79

Hecataeus of Abdera, Jewish forgery in name of, i. 173

Hecate, the goddess, identified with Isis, i. 56;

priest of Isis also hierophant of, i. 83;

Orphic hymns to, i. 142 _n._ 2, 147 _n._ 1;

patron saint of sorcerers till Renaissance, i. 147;

ii. 186 _n._ 3, 276;

her relation to lion-headed god of Mithraism, ii. 252

Heddernheim, revolving bas-reliefs in Mithraeum at, ii. 247;

concealment of lion-headed statue in same, ii. 251

Hedone or Pleasure, member of Valentinian Decad, ii. 101

Hegemonius, his _Acta Archelai_, Beeson’s edition of, ii. 280 _n._ 3;

quoted, i. 178 _n._ 2; ii. 277 _n._ 1, 279 _n._ 2, 280 _n._ 3, 287

_n._ 3, 288 _nn._ 1, 2, 3, 289 _n._ 1, 293 _n._ 1, 294 _n._ 1, 295

_n._ 2, 297 _n._ 2, 298 _nn._ 1, 2, 299 _n._ 4, 302 _n._ 1, 306

_nn._ 1, 2, 307 _n._ 1, 308 _nn._ 1-4, 312 _n._ 2, 316 _n._ 1, 318

_n._ 1, 322 _n._ 2, 323 _n._ 4, 326 _n._ 1, 330 _n._ 2, 352 _n._ 2

Hegesander, quoted from Athenaeus, i. 8 _n._ 3

Hegesippus, his date, ii. 6 _n._ 4;

quoted, ii. 2 _nn._ 1, 2, 6 _n._ 4, 8 _n._ 3.

_See_ Eusebius

Heimarmene. _See_ Destiny

Helen of Troy, Simon Magus’ mistress said to be reincarnation of, i.

178, 190, 196

Helena of Tyre, name of Simon’s mistress, i. 190;

redeemed by Simon, i. 191;

inconsistency of patristic story about, i. 193;

typifies the soul in transmigration, i. 196;

image of, as Athena, i. 198;

said to have been called Sophia, ii. 45 _n._ 1

Heliogabalus, the Emperor, a high-priest of the sun-god, ii. 228

Heliopolis. _See_ Annu or On

Helios, classical type of, represented on Indian coins, i. 17 _n._ 2;

Serapis identified with, i. 56;

distinguished by Greeks from Apollo, ii. 240;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 244;

with Mithras at banquet, ii. 247;

invoked in Mithraic liturgy, ii. 266

Hellas, i. 24, 44

Hellespont, the, limit of Persian Empire, i. 1

Hemerobaptists, the, a pre-Christian sect, ii. 6 _n._ 4;

called Mandaites or Disciples of St John, ii. 305;

their history and tenets, _ibid._

Henosis or Oneness, member of Valentinian Decad, ii. 101

Hera, her contempt for man in Homer, i. 57;

her jealousy cause of Diaspasm _ap._ Orphics, i. 125;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238.

_See_ Juno

Heracleon, the Valentinian, quoted by Origen, ii. 95 _n._ 2;

most distinguished of Valentinus’ successors, ii. 119;

his Commentaries on the Gospels not secret, ii. 131

Heracleopolis or Ahnas el-Medineh, mentioned in Magic Papyrus, i. 98,

109

Heracles, becomes immortal because of divine birth, i. 18; ii. 16;

rams sacrificed to, i. 95;

story of, in Herodotus used by Justinus, ii. 81;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238;

his compulsion of Hades, ii. 239 _n._ 7.

_See_ Hercules

Heraclitus of Ephesus, identifies Dionysos with Hades, i. 47;

probably unknown to Hippolytus’ Naassene, ii. 83

Heraclius, the Emperor, his overthrow of Persia, ii. 227

Herat, a foundation of Alexander, i. 5

Herculaneum, scenes of Alexandrian worship in frescoes found at, i. 66

_n._ 3, 67-69, 73, 87

Hercules, classical type of, on Indian coins, i. 17 _n._ 2

Hermas’ _Pastor_, Trinitarian views of, i. 89 _n._ 2

Hermes, the god, worship of, perhaps brought into Greece from Egypt, i.

17;

Greek analogue of Anubis, i. 35;

as psychopomp in Mysteries of Eleusis, i. 41;

image of, used in magic, i. 98;

hymn to, in Magic Papyrus, i. 98, 99;

appears in Mysteries of Samothrace, i. 136 _n._ 2;

Terms of, in Athenian streets, i. 139 _n._ 2;

St Paul hailed as, in Phrygia, i. 191 _n._ 3; ii. 42;

leader of souls in Homer, ii. 54;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 258

Hermopolis, ogdoad of four syzygies of gods under early Pharaohs at, i.

197; ii. 175, 176

Hero of Alexandria, invents first steam-engine, i. 45

Herod the Great, rebuilds and restores Samaria, i. 177

Herodotus, quoted, i. 16, 43, 48, 60, 81, 123, 136; ii. 176, 233 _n._

1, 234, 239, 320 _n._ 1

Hesiod, scholiast on, quoted, i. 40 _n._ 1;

popular theology given in, i. 124;

calls God and Goddess of Eleusis Zeus Chthonios and Demeter, i. 126;

his successive ages of the world, i. 186

Hierapolis, called Ophiorhyma in _Acta Philippi_, ii. 50.

_See_ Atargatis

Hiero II, King of Syracuse, introduces Alexandrian gods into Sicily, i.

53

Hild, M. J. A., quoted, i. 134 _n._ 2, 149 _n._ 1

Hilleh, magic bowls of Jews found at, ii. 32, 33

Hinduism, i. li

Hippa, Orphic hymn to, i. 138 _n._ 2

Hipparchus, studies at Museum, i. 45;

makes systematic astrology possible, i. 117

Hippolytus, bishop of Porta Romana, discovery of his Philosophumena, i.

lix; ii. 11;

Salmon’s theory about, i. lxi _n._ 1; ii. 11, 12;

tricks of magicians described by, i. 99, 100;

condemns astrology and astronomy alike, i. 112 _n._ 2;

his “hymn of Great Mysteries,” i. 137 _n._ 1, 139 _n._ 1; ii. 54 _n._

6;

thinks system of Sethiani derived from Orphics, i. 175;

his account of Simon Magus’ doctrines inconsistent, i. 193;

doctrines of heresiarchs described by, ii. 11, 12;

exaggerates diversity of Gnostic teaching, ii. 14;

attributes Ophite doctrines to discourses of St James to Mariamne,

ii. 26;

contemporary of Origen _circa_ 200 A.D., ii 26 _n._ 3;

identifies Ophiomorphus with great god of Greek Mysteries, ii. 50;

his Ophite psalm, ii. 61, 62, 68 _n._ 2;

his later Ophite sacraments, ii. 63;

says Naassenes have priests, ii. 66;

attributes _Gospel of Egyptians_ to Naassenes, ii. 79;

gives most space to Valentinus’ doctrine, ii. 95;

his views on Trinity polytheistic, ii. 123 _n._ 1;

accuses heresiarchs of magical imposture, ii. 128;

writes 50 years after Valentinus’ death, ii. 131 _n._ 2;

quoted, i. lix, lxi _n._ 1, 68 _n._ 3, 73, 99, 100 _n._ 4, 107 _n._

1, 109, 110, 112 _n._ 2, 137 _n._ 1, 139 _n._ 1, 175, 179, 187,

191, 193, 194, 196, 198; ii. 9, 11, 12, 14, 16, 26, 27, 40, 41

_n._ 1, 46, 49, 50, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 61, 62, 63, 65, 66 _n._ 1,

73 _n._ 2, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 81, 89 _nn._ 3, 4, 90, 91, 94 _nn._

1-3, 95, 97, 98, 99, 101, 103 _n._ 5, 104, 105, 106 _nn._ 1, 2,

107, 108 _n._ 1, 109, 110 _n._ 1, 113 _n._ 2, 114 _nn._ 2, 3, 115

_n._ 2, 116 _n._ 2, 118 _n._ 5, 119, 123, 124 _n._ 3, 128, 131,

144 _n._ 8, 147 _n._ 4, 148 _n._ 1, 159 _n._ 3, 160 _n._ 1, 207,

208 _n._ 2, 215 _n._ 2, 219 _n._ 1, 220

Hittites, the, Mithras worshipped by, 1272 B.C., i. lxii;

mentioned in Sargon’s omen-tablets, i. 114;

Mithras linked with Varuna among, ii. 248

Hogarth, D. G., quoted, i. 14, 18 _n._ 4, 27; ii. 29

Homer, reading-book of Asiatics _post_ Alexander, i. 8 _n._ 1;

gods of, worshipped by Graeco-Indian kings, i. 17;

their indifference to mortals, i. 57;

shows forth Christian doctrine of Father and Son, i. 47 _n._ 3;

purificatory rites unknown to, i. 121;

the popular theology of, i. 124;

the father of gods and men in, i. 185;

claimed as divinely inspired, ii. 15;

writings of, used by Ophites, ii. 54;

quoted, i. 57 _nn._ 1, 2, 59, 95, 96 _n._ 1;

ii. 15 _n._ 4, 16 _n._ 1

Homeric Hymns, publicly recited and perhaps displaced by Orphic, i.

135;

quoted, i. 16 _n._ 5, 40 _n._ 2, 59, 124 _n._ 3

Homoousios, word first used by Gnostics, ii. 23 _n._ 1, 91 _n._ 2

Honour, King of, in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 325

Horace, perhaps known to Basilides, ii. 91 _n._ 5;

quoted, i. 108; ii. 225, 228

Horaios, ruler of planetary sphere in Diagram, ii. 69, 70;

address to, ii. 74.

_See_ Oreus

Hormisdas or Ormuz, the Shah, ii. 281

Horus, the god, king of Egypt incarnation of, i. 18, 19, 51;

in Alexandrian legend of Isis and Osiris, i. 34, 35;

originally totem of royal tribe, i. 36, 37, 45;

analogue of Iacchos, i. 43, 189 _n._ 5;

identified with Apollo, i. 48;

child form of, in Alexandrian religion, i. 50;

Ptolemies raise temples to Egyptian form of, i. 52;

Athenian dandies swear by, i. 54;

Egyptian sun-god, i. 63;

in Alexandrian religion, Osiris reborn, i. 70 _n._ 3; ii. 39, 63;

festival of birth of, i. 71;

a triune god, i. 88, 189 _n._ 5;

symbolizes perceptible world image of ideal, i. 198

Horus, the Limit of the Pleroma, a Valentinian Aeon, ii. 105 _n._ 2;

in system of _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 140 _n._ 2.

_See_ Stauros

Horus-Râ, the god, composite deity who replaces Horus in Middle Empire,

i. 63 _n._ 3

Housesteads (Northumberland), Mithraic monuments at, ii. 242

Huesemigadôn, name of Pluto in Magic Papyri, i. 99, 100

Hummâma, name of Manichaean Satan, ii. 287 _n._ 4

Huxley, the late Prof., his controversy about Genesis, i. liii

Huysmans, J. K., revives patristic stories of profanation of Eucharist,

i. 198

Hyades, in Chaldaean astrology, i. 113

_Hymn of the Soul_, said to be Manichaean, ii. 331

Hymns, sung by Athenians to Demetrius Poliorcetes, i. 19;

Greek confraternities compose, i. 21 _n._ 1;

to Iacchos sung by procession of initiates, i. 39;

used in Alexandrian worship, i. 66, 72, 75;

to Hermes and other gods in Magic Papyri, i. 99;

to Attis and others, i. 137 _n._ 1; ii. 54;

the collection of Orphic, i. 141;

to Eros sung by Lycomidae in Mysteries, i. 141 _n._ 2; ii. 210 _n._

1;

of Synesius, quoted, ii. 37 _n._ 1;

Ophites’, addressed to First Man, ii. 61;

Bardesanes’, used in Catholic Church, ii. 120;

the penitential, of Pistis Sophia, ii. 156;

sung by legionaries to both Christ and Mithras, ii. 261;

used by Manichaeans, ii. 331

Hypsistos or the Highest, name of Yahweh in Asia Minor (Cumont), ii.

31, 85 _n._ 3;

applied by Valentinus to Demiurge, ii. 116 _n._ 2

Hyrcanus, John, high-priest of Jews, invades Samaria and destroys it,

i. 177

Iaccheion, the, at Athens, starting-point of procession to Eleusis, i.

39

Iacchos, the god, leader of procession to Eleusis, i. 39;

his identity with Dionysos, i. 39 _n._ 2, 40 _n._ 4, 130, 145;

son of Zeus and Demeter, i. 40;

analogy of his birth with that of Horus, i. 43, 125;

Orphics identify him with Hades, Zeus Chthonios and Zagreus, i. 130;

and with Eubuleus, Cybele, Aphrodite and Isis, i. 137 _n._ 1, 143;

and with Sabazius, i. 138 _n._ 2;

the father, son, and spouse of Persephone, i. 189 _n._ 5

Ialdabaoth or Jaldabaoth, the Ophite Demiurge and a “fourth number,” i.

100 _n._ 4; ii. 46, 47, 70 _n._ 2, 71 _n._ 1;

his name, variants, attributes, and places, ii. 46, 69;

the god of the Jews, ii. 47;

ruler of planetary spheres _ap._ Ophites, ii. 48, 64;

father of Ophiomorphus, ii. 49;

creator and tempter of man, ii. 51, 52;

his commands disobeyed by protoplasts, ii. 52;

lawgiver of Jews, ii. 53;

souls of “animal” men pass through his realms between incarnations,

ii. 57;

his attempts to prolong his rule defeated by Sophia, ii. 58, 59;

birth of Jesus arranged without knowledge of, ii. 59;

contrives death of Jesus, ii. 60;

his seven heavens called the holy hebdomad (Irenaeus), ii. 64;

fragments of light pass into the terrestrial world without knowledge

of, _ibid._;

creator of world of form, ii. 64 _n._ 3;

name taken from magic _ap._ Origen, ii. 69;

his seven worlds copied by Ophiomorphus as in Ophite Diagram, ii. 70;

address to, ii. 72;

uncertain place of, ii, 74 _n._ 3, 75 _n._ 1;

inspires Hexateuch, Amos and Habakkuk _ap._ Ophites, ii. 81 _n._ 2;

corresponds to the Great Archon of Basilides, ii. 94;

and to Valentinus’ Demiurge, ii. 107 _n._ 2;

in _Pistis Sophia_ degraded into evil power sent into Chaos, ii. 155,

158;

in Bruce Papyrus a chief of Third Aeon, ii. 155 _n._ 3;

in _Texts of Saviour_ a torturer in hell, _ibid._ and 186;

Adamas helps him to torment Pistis Sophia, ii. 156;

his light deceives her, ii. 162;

his place given to Pistis Sophia, ii. 162 _n._ 3;

various spellings of name of, in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 183 _n._ 2.

_See_ Habakkuk, Irenaeus

Ialdazao, either a variant of name of Ialdabaoth or El Shaddai, ii. 46

_n._ 3

Iamblichus, the neo-Platonist, says Egyptian magicians threaten their

gods, i. 104

Iaô, in Magic Papyri, corruption of name Jehovah, i. 105, 106;

ruler of planetary sphere in Diagram, ii. 47, 69;

a Hebrew name of God (Origen), ii. 69, 71 _n._ 1;

name of Dionysos in late classical writers, ii. 71 _n._ 1;

address to, ii. 72;

connection with moon, ii. 72 _n._ 3, 74 _n._ 2;

used as acrostic in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 180 _n._ 4

Iao, the Good, in _Pistis Sophia_, the Little, supplies power for soul

of St John Baptist, ii. 138, 149;

the Great, a ruler of the Middle and colleague of Virgin of Light,

ii. 150;

his connection with moon, ii. 150 _n._ 5

Iapetus, brother of Saturn, identified by Christian writer with Japhet,

i. lx

India, Alexander’s exploits in, i. 5, 13;

sorcerers in modern, i. 92, 99 _n._ 1;

Ophites spread to, ii. 76;

Mithraic monuments in, ii. 230;

Mithras worshipped in Vedic, _ibid._;

Manes said to have preached in, ii. 281;

Manes says Buddha sent to, ii. 307;

becomes acquainted with Buddhism in, ii. 313

Ineffable One, the, of the _Pistis Sophia_ contains the First Mystery,

ii. 139;

his “receptacles” issue from his last limb, ii. 139 _n._ 2, 144 _n._

3;

lesser powers make up his name, ii. 140;

Great Light his Legate, ii. 141;

the Bythos of the Ophites and Valentinus, ii. 144, 158;

First Mystery proceeds from last limb of, ii. 145;

the footless God of Truth, ii. 145 _n._ 2;

his heaven, ii. 146;

perfect initiates will eventually become members of, ii. 164, 170;

the Mystery or Sacrament of, ii. 166;

its saving grace, 164 _n._ 6, 167, 169, 170, 171;

confined to Pneumatics only, ii. 173;

an Egyptian conception, ii. 175;

fragmentary attempt to describe members of, ii. 180.

_See_ Name

Ionia, philosophic teaching in, tends to theocrasia, i. 15;

probable source of Orphic legends, i. 124;

tradition of, that water origin of all things, ii. 36;

dualism of, probably derived from Persia, ii. 290 _n._ 2

Irenaeus, Saint, bishop of Lyons, his Trinitarian views unorthodox, i.

89 _n._ 1;

explains number of beast as Nero Caesar, i. 169 _n._ 3;

his garbled account of Simon’s teaching, i. 187-191, 193;

makes Menander immediate successor of Simon, i. 199;

his account of Marcus the magician, i. 202; ii. 9 _n._ 1, 129, 183

_n._ 1;

makes Nicolaitans of Apocalypse Gnostics, ii. 1;

his work against heresies, ii. 10;

exaggerates diversity of Gnostics, ii. 14;

authority for Docetism of Basilides, Saturnius and Valentinus, ii.

17;

his mistake regarding “Colarbasus,” ii. 20 _n._ 1;

his account of Ophite doctrines, ii. 26 _n._ 5, 40, 42, 43, 46-51,

53;

identifies Sethians with Ophites, ii. 27 _n._ 1, 76;

calls highest heaven of Ophites the true Church, ii. 43;

sole authority for Jaldabaoth’s boasting, ii. 51;

his interpolations in primitive Ophite doctrine, ii. 53, 57, 58, 60

_n._ 1, 61 _n._ 1;

says Jesus lived on earth for 20 years after Resurrection, ii. 61

_n._ 1;

makes Ophites source of most later heresies, ii. 76;

authority for division of Ophites as to character of serpent, ii. 78;

Ophites of, ascribe Old Testament to planetary powers, ii. 81 _n._ 2;

notes connection of heresiarchs with each other, ii. 89;

writes to refute Valentinians, ii. 95;

his mockery of Valentinus’ system of Aeons, ii. 99;

his account of Valentinian doctrines, ii. 107-112, 117, 119, 126;

writes after death of Valentinus, ii. 131;

with Tatian, first to quote from St John’s Gospel by name, ii. 178

_n._ 1;

says Valentinians will not call Jesus Lord, ii. 180 _n._ 3, 189;

says Marcion disciple of Simon Magus, ii. 207;

his account of Tatian’s doctrines, ii. 220;

quoted, i. 176 _n._ 1, 178 _n._ 4, 187, 190, 191, 198, 199; ii. 1

_n._ 4, 8 _n._ 3, 9 _n._ 1, 15 _n._ 2, 17, 18 _n._ 1, 20 _n._ 1,

27 _n._ 1, 38 _n._ 1, _n._ 2, 42 _n._ 5, 43 _n._ 1, 44, 45 _n._ 1,

46 _nn._ 1, 2, 47 _nn._ 2, 3, 48, 49 _n._ 1, 50 _n._ 2, 51, 52

_nn._ 1, 3; 53 _n._ 1, 58 _nn._ 1, 2, 59, 60, 61, 64 _n._ 2, 78,

81 _n._ 2, 89 _n._ 3, 90, 92 _n._ 3, 93 _n._ 1, 94 _n._ 1, 96, 98

_nn._ 3-5, 99, 107 _n._ 4, 108 _n._ 1, 109 _n._ 1, 110 nn. 1, 2;

111 _n._ 1, 112 _nn._ 2, 3, 116 _n._ 1, 117 _n._ 2, 118, 119 _nn._

1, 3, 120, 121, 126, 127 _n._ 4, 128, 138 _n._ 1, 140 _n._ 1, 144

_n._ 1, 152 _n._ 1, 159 _n._ 3, 166 _n._ 2, 173 _n._ 3, 179 _n._

7, 180 _n._ 3, 183 _n._ 1, 189 _n._ 1, 207, 214 _n._ 3, 220

Isaac, God of, invoked by magicians, ii. 34

Isaiah, the Prophet, hostility to Gentiles in post-Exilic passages of,

i. 165, 167 _n._ 4

_Isaiah, Ascension_, of Sammael name of Satan in, ii. 75 _n._ 1

vestures used for heavenly nature in, ii. 136 _n._ 1;

its date, ii. 154 _n._ 4;

ecpyrosis in, ii. 163 _n._ 3;

souls passing from one heaven to another must give password, ii. 177

_n._ 2;

quoted, ii. 154 _n._ 4, 163 _n._ 3

Ishtar, the goddess, legend of her Descent into Hell, i. 100;

analogies of her lover Tammuz with Orphic Dionysos, i. 122 _n._ 3;

name of Atargatis derived from (Garstang), ii. 31 _n._ 1, 45 _n._ 1;

personification of Earth, _ibid._;

identified with Ophite Sophia, _ibid._;

and with Manichaean Mother of Life, ii. 300 _n._ 1.

_See_ Cybele

Isidore, son of Basilides, his doctrine derived from Matthias the

Apostle (Hippolytus), ii. 90

Isis, the goddess, worship of the Greek, an ethical religion, i. xlix

_n._ 1;

her wanderings in search of the murdered Osiris, i. 34;

Nephthys, twin sister and reflection of, i. 35;

in early Pharaonic Egypt only a magician, i. 38;

in Phrygia and Syria, mother of all living, _ibid._;

analogy of her wanderings with those of Demeter, i. 40, 43;

in Pharaonic Egypt wears cow’s head, i. 45;

the Greek, identified with Demeter, i. 48;

her breast-knot and _sistrum_, i. 49;

Isis suckling Horus, i. 50;

Marcus Volusius disguised as priest of, i. 53;

oaths by, fashionable in Athens _temp._ Menander, i. 54;

her names and titles in address to Lucius, i. 56;

the haven of peace and altar of pity, i. 57; ii. 158;

initiation into Mysteries of, i. 61-63;

her child the Sun, i. 63; ii. 245;

Osiris sometimes called her son, i. 63;

both mother and father of other gods, i. 65, 143;

statue of, dressed like Catholic Madonna, i. 66;

silent adoration of image of, i. 67;

frescoes of scenes in worship of, i. 67-69;

her connection with moon, i. 68 _n._ 3;

her seeking for Osiris acted publicly, i. 70;

the festival of the ship of, i. 71-74;

the great earth-goddess, i. 73, 126; ii. 45 _n._ 1, 300 _n._ 1;

“one, who art all things,” i. 75;

seven temples of, in Rome, i. 79;

statue of, in _lararium_ of Alexander Severus, i. 82;

her last Roman worshippers, i. 83;

emblems of virility used in worship of, i. 83;

conversion of worshippers of, to Christianity, i. 84;

entry of features of ritual of, into Catholic Church, i. 84, 85, 87;

tonsure of priests, etc., derived from, i. 84;

Trinitarian doctrine of, i. 88;

Horus at once son and spouse of, i. 189 _n._ 5; ii. 39;

Simon Magus may derive some of his doctrines from religion of, i.

198;

Phrygian Mother of Gods identified with, ii. 31;

Egyptian legend of Ra and, i. 38 _n._ 2;

analogy of, with Ophite Sophia, ii. 45 _n._ 1.

_See_ Menander, Menuthis

Isium of Pompeii built 150 B.C., i. 53

Isopsephism. _See_ Berossos, Iao, Number (of Beast)

Israel, to enslave Gentiles, i. 165, 166, 167 _n._ 4;

her monotheism, i. 184

Issus, the battle of, i. 7

Italy, break-up of Pythagorean school in, i. 122

Izates, King of Adiabene, his Jewish proclivities, ii. 278 _n._ 1

Izeds, the, or Yazatas of the Avesta, Mithras made chief of, in

Sassanian reform, ii. 232, 270 _n._ 3

Jabezebuth, name of Beelzebuth in Magic Papyri, ii. 108 _n._ 1

Jabraôth, ruler of the obedient Aeons in _Pistis Sophia_ and Bruce

Papyrus, ii. 152 _n._ 1, 182

Jackson, Prof. A. V. Williams, authority for late date of Avesta, i.

lxii

Jacob, Apocrypha attributed to sons of, i. 163;

contrasted with Esau, i. 164 _n._ 2;

the seed of, oppressed, i. 166;

god of, invoked by magicians, ii. 34

Jaldabaoth. _See_ Ialdabaoth

Jaluha, “receiver” of Sabaoth Adamas in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 187

James, “the brother of the Lord,” said to transmit Ophite doctrines to

Mariamne, ii. 26

Janet, M. Pierre, quoted, i. 110

Japan, instance of Oriental nation Europeanized, i. 8

Japhet, the Patriarch, confused with Iapetus, i. lx

Jason of Tralles, acts Euripides’ _Bacchus_ to Parthian audience

_temp._ Crassus, i. 8 _n._ 1

Jehovah, seven vowels cover name of, i. 103 _n._ 2;

name used in Magic Papyrus, i. 106; ii. 34;

Iao perhaps represents, ii. 71 _n._ 1.

_See_ Tetragrammaton, Yahweh of Israel

Jéquier, M. Gustave, quoted, i. lxi _n._ 3

Jeremiah, the Prophet, says Jerusalem worships stars, i. 186 _n._ 2;

says Jews sacrifice to Mother of Gods, ii. 32;

quoted, ii. 32 _n._ 2

Jeremias, Dr Alfred, his astral theory, i. 115 _n._ 1

Jerome, St, _Indiculus de Heresibus_ attributed to, ii. 25

Jerusalem, Ptolemy Soter captures, i. 151;

in Enochian literature repels final assault of Gentiles, i. 161;

prophecy that Gentiles shall rebuild, i. 165;

rivalry between temple of, and Mt Gerizim, i. 177;

destruction of same _temp._ Titus, ii. 4;

idolatry in, ii. 32;

heaven of Ophite Sophia called the Heavenly, ii. 108 _n._ 3, 109,

114, 124;

angel spouses of human souls citizens of (Valentinus), ii. 110 _n._ 1

Jesuits. _See_ Loyola, Ignatius

Jesus, said to have been Essene (Jülicher), i. 156;

acrostic name of, i. 169 _n._ 1;

Alpha and Omega name of, i. 171 _n._ 1;

Simon Magus appears to suffer in likeness of, i. 192; ii. 16;

Apocryphal sayings of, in _Gospel of Egyptians_, etc., i. 196 _n._ 2;

ii. 219;

His unfulfilled promise of Second Advent, ii. 3;

analogy of His Passion and that of Osiris, ii. 6;

tradition of revelations by, after Resurrection, ii. 13, 90 _n._ 3;

historicity of, never doubted by Gnostics, ii. 15;

Gnostics’ difficulties as to Passion of, ii. 16;

Docetic view as to body of, ii. 17;

Unitarian views of, among modern Nonconformists, ii. 20;

called the Angel of the Great Council, ii. 43 _n._ 2;

tradition as to prolonged earthly life of, ii. 61 _n._ 1;

Sethians of Hippolytus do not mention, ii. 76;

_Gospel of Nicodemus_ describes visit to Hades of, ii. 90.

_See_ Christ

Jesus, the Ophite, birth of, from Virgin Mary arranged by Sophia, ii.

53, 59, 60;

salvation only attainable through, ii. 56;

body of, contains parts from all three worlds, ii. 59;

Christos and Sophia descend into, ii. 60;

teaches on earth for 18 months after Resurrection, _ibid._;

in Naassene psalm, brings mysteries to earth, ii. 62, 63, 65;

abandons earthly body at Ascension, ii. 65;

the True Gate, ii. 73 _n._ 3;

identified with great god of Greek Mysteries, ii. 82

Jesus, the Valentinian, the Joint Fruit of Pleroma and Great High

Priest, ii. 106, 159;

spouse of Sophia Without, ii. 106, 113, 114;

matter made through, ii. 107;

transforms passions of Sophia Without, _ibid._;

a third deity sent for salvation of psychics, ii. 113-115;

Valentinians disagree as to body of, ii. 115 _n._ 2, 116, 119;

earthly actions of, mere symbols, ii. 124;

never called Lord, ii. 136 _n._ 2, 180 _n._ 3;

name of, includes Pleroma, ii. 166 _n._ 2

Jesus, the, of the _Pistis Sophia_, finds rulers of stars devouring

their own matter, i. 196 _n._ 1; ii. 154;

one with his disciples, ii. 80, 164;

teaches on earth for 11 years after Crucifixion, ii. 135;

his ascent into firmament and return, ii. 136;

describes births of Himself, St John Baptist, and Apostles, ii.

137-139;

address of powers to, ii. 139-143;

the First Mystery, ii. 144, 159, 161, 171;

other powers His members, ii. 145;

rule of, during Millennium, ii. 146, 164, 171;

body of, comes from Barbelo, ii. 151;

shortens times for elect’s sake, ii. 155;

defeats Pistis Sophia’s enemies and takes her from Chaos, ii. 156;

words of, recorded by Philip, Thomas, and Matthew, ii. 157;

brings mysteries to earth for man’s salvation, ii. 158;

all worlds made through, ii. 161, 162;

the victim in the Eucharist, ii. 171, 172

Jesus, the, of the _Texts of the Saviour_, called Aberamenthô, i. 102

_n._ 1;

repeats words of Basilides, ii. 92 _n._ 3, 189;

his magical invocation of his father, ii. 180;

shows Middle Way and its tortures, ii. 182;

celebrates thaumaturgic sacrament, ii. 183;

merely a mystagogue, ii. 198;

appeals to fears and cupidity of disciples, _ibid._

Jesus, the, of the Bruce Papyrus, celebrates thaumaturgic sacraments,

ii. 193;

teaches on earth for 12 years after Crucifixion, _ibid._;

merely a mystagogue, ii. 198

Jesus, the, of Marcion, son of Supreme Being, but not of Mary, ii. 208,

210;

Paul only real apostle of, 209, 211;

slain with connivance of Demiurge, ii. 210;

Docetic view as to body of, ii. 211;

Marcionites differ as to body of, ii. 219;

and as to His nature, ii. 220

Jesus, the, of Manichaeism, Saviour sent to Adam, ii. 303;

maker of Great Wheel, ii. 306;

sent for man’s salvation and relief of Omophorus, _ibid._;

the Tree of Knowledge in Paradise, ii. 307;

messenger of God like Zoroaster, Buddha, and Mani, ii. 316;

Docetic view as to body of, ii. 318;

_J. Patibilis_ is the soul diffused through nature, ii. 318;

perhaps equated with Virgin of Light in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 323 _n._

4, 330;

rôle in same of him and of the Burkhans or Buddhas, ii. 330;

Son of First Man, ii. 339 _n._ 3

Jeû, in _Pistis Sophia_, the First Man and arranger of the Cosmos i.

lxi;

takes power from the last Purastates, ii. 146 _n._ 3, 164;

the overseer of the Light, ii. 147;

Father of Sabaoth the Good, ii. 149;

in Texts of Saviour, binds rebellious aeons in sphere, ii. 152 _n._

1;

transfers repentant aeons to places between the Middle and Left, ii.

182;

binds power from Pistis Sophia in planet Venus, ii. 186;

in Bruce Papyrus appears with Melchisidek and other powers, _ibid._

186;

he and his followers arranged in similar order to higher powers, ii.

191 _n._ 2;

called the Great Man, King of the Aeon, ii. 193

_Jeu, the Books of_, written by Enoch in Paradise, ii. 147 _n._ 5;

seals and defences for inferior initiates said to be described in,

ii. 165;

mysteries of the Light described in, ii. 173;

Schmidt’s theory that these are included in Bruce Papyrus, ii. 190;

this theory refuted, ii. 190-194

Jevons, Dr F. B., his Hartford Lecture quoted, i. liv

Jews, the, their division into three sects, i. lv, 151;

their sacred books translated into Greek, _post_ Alexander, i. 9;

their resistance to Antiochus Epiphanes, i. 51;

their pronounced monotheism, i. 89, 149;

the magicians of the poorer classes in Rome, i. 108;

their Sabbath influenced by astrological ideas, i. 117;

only clergy, paupers and fanatics among, return from Captivity, i.

149 _n._ 2, 172;

their critical position _post_ Alexander, i. 150;

conquered by Ptolemy Soter, go over later to Antiochus the Great, i.

151;

Old Testament made familiar to, by Septuagint, i. 157;

their belief in power of name, i. 158; ii. 33;

Messianic hopes of, and their result, i. 159-163;

Apocrypha inspired by same, i. 163-167;

fanaticism of Palestinian, i. 172;

Jews of Dispersion inclined to compromise with Hellenism, i. 173;

secret Hellenizing among, i. 175; ii. 32;

their hatred of Samaritans, i. 177;

astrolatry of, before Captivity, i. 186 _n._ 2;

Simon Magus’ doctrines appeal to, i. 202;

first Christians regarded as, ii. 4;

unpopularity of, leads to Christian separation from, ii. 5;

their influence on Gnosticism doubtful, ii. 9;

accused by Church of filthy rites, ii. 18;

privileges of, under Diadochi, ii. 28;

their influence on Anatolian religion, ii. 31;

Oriental, given to magic, ii. 33;

Anatolian, bring method of exegesis from Babylon, ii. 34, 35;

Egyptian, give male and female assessor to Yahweh, ii. 43 _n._ 2;

unpopularity of, in Rome, _temp._ Hadrian, ii. 203, 204;

Marcion’s dislike of, ii. 210, 211;

Hemerobaptists’ dislike of, ii. 305;

Manes’ dislike of, ii. 315.

_See_ Cabala, Demiurge, Jaldabaoth, Yahweh of Israel

Job, all apocrypha of, said to be Essene (Kohler), ii. 153 _n._ 4, 163

Joel, the Prophet, shows hatred of Jews for Gentiles, i. 167 _n._ 4

John Baptist, St, said to be Essene, i. 156;

Simon Magus follower of (_Clementines_), i. 179; ii. 6 _n._ 4;

birth of, _ap._ Ophites, ii. 53;

_ap. Pistis Sophia_, ii. 137:

body of, contains soul of Elijah (_P.S._), ii. 137, 149, 150.

_See_ Elizabeth, Hemerobaptists

John the Divine, St, Cerinthus, traditional opponent of, ii. 9 _n._ 1;

pre-eminent place of, in next world, ii. 164;

speaks of repentant aeons (_P.S._), ii. 182 _n._ 2.

_See_ _Apocalypse_, Gospel, the Fourth, Millennium

Jôk, Supreme Being of the Shilluks, ii. 39 _n._ 5

Josephus, quoted, i. lv _n._ 2, 151, 152 _n._ 2, 153, 154, 155, 163

_n._ 1, 168 _n._ 2, 170, 177; ii. 4 _n._ 3, 5 _n._ 3, 28, 85 _n._ 3,

278 _n._ 1, 315 _n._ 1

Jovian, the Emperor, not a persecutor, ii. 270

Judaism, never a rival of Christianity, i. lv;

not a world-religion, i. lvi;

entry of astrological ideas into, i. 117;

Samaritans retain little of, i. 177;

resemblance between it and Zoroastrianism (Cheyne), i. 181 _n._ 1;

attempts to reconcile it with Hellenic culture, i. 200;

Gentiles ignore Christianity while still a branch of, ii. 21;

Saturninus’ hatred of, ii. 89;

approach of Mithraism to, ii. 277

Judas Iscariot, in _Pistis Sophia_ apparently receives super-excellent

soul, ii. 137 _n._ 1.

_See_ Matthias

Julian, the Emperor, thinks Alexandrians worship Serapis in his time,

i. 82 _n._ 2, 83;

notes hatred of Christian sects for each other, ii. 11;

authority for religion of Mithras, ii. 236;

his eclecticism, ii. 269;

Mithraism revives temporarily under, ii. 271;

favours Manichaeism, ii. 356

Juno, the goddess, identified with Isis, i. 56;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238.

_See_ Hera

Jupiter, the god, image of Simon Magus worshipped as, i. 198;

Varuna his prototype, ii. 231;

identified with Ormuzd, ii. 237;

on Mithraic monument presides over assembly of gods, ii. 238;

invoked as superior of Mithras, _ibid._;

Jupiter Optimus Maximus not called Ormuzd, ii. 239;

but probably his Roman equivalent, ii. 240, 248, 277

Jupiter, the planet, god of good winds to Babylonians, i. 113;

its place in astrology, i. 116, 118 _n._ 1;

one of Ophites’ seven heavens, ii. 48, 73 _n._ 1;

ruler of lesser astral powers in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 182

Justin Martyr, celebration of Eucharist simple, _temp._, i. 87 _n._ 1;

finds hidden meanings in Pentateuch and name of Christ, i. 170 _n._

5;

makes Simon the heresiarch Simon Magus of Acts, i. 179 _n._ 5;

says Simon tells followers he will never die, i. 192 _n._ 2;

authority for Menander’s succession to Simon Magus, i. 199 _n._ 7;

Tatian a disciple of, ii. 8 _n._ 3, 220;

his _dictum_ on Real Presence, ii. 172;

his date, _ibid._;

his Apologies, ii. 203, 204 _n._ 1;

thinks his contemporary Marcion most formidable enemy of Church, ii.

205, 216 _n._ 3;

says devils set on Mithraists to imitate Church’s sacraments, ii.

247;

quoted, i. 170 n. 5, 192 n. 2, ii. 18 n. 2, 122 _n._ 1, 205, 216 _n._

3, 247

Justinian I, the Emperor, makes laws against Ophites, ii. 77;

and against Manichaeans, ii. 356

Justinus the heresiarch, teaches system resembling Ophites’, ii. 77;

his symbolical use of story from Herodotus, ii. 81

Juvenal, satirizes Alexandrian religion, i. 20, 54;

describes finding of Osiris, i. 70.

Karossa, alleged name of Manes’ mother, ii. 279

Kashgar, limit of Persian Empire, i. 1;

Bar Khôni’s bishopric, ii. 321

Kenyon, Sir Frederic, gives story of Ptolemy son of Glaucias, i. 79,

80;

doubts identification of Serapis and Esculapius, i. 87 _n._ 2;

thinks relative age of Peshitto version still undecided, ii. 84 _n._

2;

quoted, i. 56 _n._ 2, 80 _n._ 1, 87 _n._ 2, 93 _n._ 3, 98 _n._ 1, 142

_n._ 1, 169 _n._ 2; ii. 34 _n._ 3, 84 _nn._ 2, 3

Kerasmos, the, or Confusion, in _Pistis Sophia_ name given to mixture

of Light and Matter, ii. 147, 164, 174, 292 _n._ 2.

_See_ Jeû

Kern, Prof. Otto, quoted, i. 141 _n._ 4

Kesbeêl, the “number” of, i. 169

Kessler, Dr Konrad, thinks Mughtasilah a source of Manes’ doctrine, ii.

305;

his _Mani_ quoted, ii. 280, 281 _nn._ 1, 3, 6, 282 _n._ 1, 285 _n._

2, 286 _nn._ 3, 5, 288 _n._ 2, 289 _n._ 2, 290 _n._ 3, 291 _n._ 1,

292 _n._ 1, 294 _n._ 1, 295 _nn._ 1, 2, 296 _n._ 1, 299 _nn._ 2,

3, 302 _n._ 1, 304 _n._ 1, 305 _n._ 2, 310 _n._ 1, 312 _n._ 2, 313

_n._ 1, 314 _n._ 2, 316 _n._ 1, 322 _n._ 1, 350 _nn._ 4, 5, 6

Khasekhmui, King of Egypt, makes peace between factions of Horus and

Set, i. 36

Khent-Amentit, the god, absorbed in Osiris, i. 33

Khepera, the god, mankind comes from tears of, i. 126 _n._ 3

Khojend, probable site of Alexandria _eschata_, i. 5 _n._ 3

Khonsu, the god, story of the Possessed Princess and, i. 10

Khorassan, Alexander’s fame preserved in, in XVIIth cent., i. 14 _n._ 2

Khormizta or Khormuzta. _See_ Ormuzd

Khrostag and Padvaktag, ii. 354, 355.

_See_ Appellant and Respondent

Khshathra Vairya or Right Law, the Amshaspand, i. 181 _n._ 1;

set over metals, ii. 301

_Khuastuanift_, the, confession-prayer of Manichaeans, ii. 288 _n._ 3;

its discovery, ii. 334;

quoted with commentary, 335-346

Khumbaba, King of Elam, his name perhaps reappears in Manichaeism, ii.

287 _n._ 4.

_See_ Hummama

King, C. W., thinks strings of vowels in Magic Papyri cover name of

Jehovah, i. 103 _n._ 2;

his translation of names of Simon’s “Roots,” i. 180 _n._ 4

Kios in Bithynia, inscription identifying Serapis and Zeus, i. 55 _n._

3

Kohler, Dr, his views on Essene literature, i. 153 _n._ 4;

sees Cabala in Philo, i. 157

_Koran_, the, plenary inspiration of, i. liii;

connection of, with teaching of Simon Magus, i. 201

Kronos, the god, in Homeric myths successor of Uranos, i. 46;

called in Orphic hymns Son of Earth and Heaven, i. 132 _n._ 1;

age of, in Orphic myths, i. 186

Krotzenburg, Mithraic monuments at, ii. 245 n. 4

Kubrik or Corbicius, name given to Manes by Christians, ii. 279

Kuner Valley, the, cattle of, said to be sent by Alexander to

Macedonia, i. 4 _n._ 1

Labrys or Double Axe, suggested explanation of its symbolism, ii. 67

_n._ 3

Lactantius, quoted, i. 70, 143 _n._ 4; ii. 157 _n._ 2, 228

Lafaye, M. Georges, his views on Herculaneum frescoes, i. 68, 69;

and on Mithraic fragment in Magic Papyrus, ii. 255, 256;

quoted, i. 48 _n._ 2, 49 _n._ 2, 50 _n._ 1, 52 _n._ 4, 53 _nn._ 1-6,

54 _n._ 2, 55 _n._ 3, 67 _n._ 3, 68, 69, 70 _n._ 6, 71 _n._ 1, 73

_n._ 2, 79 _nn._ 1-3, 88 _n._ 1; ii. 255, 266

Lairbenos, name of Sabazius in Phrygia, ii. 67 _n._ 3

Lampridius, says Commodus on initiation into Mithraism commits real

murder, ii. 262

Langdon, Dr Stephen, new Creation Tablet, i. lxiii _n._ 1

Lecoq, Prof. A. von, his expedition to Turfan, ii. 316;

quoted, ii. 316 _n._ 3, 332 _n._ 2, 334 _n._ 2, 335 _n._ 1, 339 _n._

1, 342, 343 _n._ 2, 344 _n._ 1, 349 _n._ 2, 357 _n._ 1.

_See_ Grunwedel

Lenormant, François, his identification of Dionysos with Iacchos, i.

130 _n._ 2

Leo the Zodiacal sign, in magical ceremony, i. 98

Leo the Isaurian, the Emperor, enlists Manichaeans in Imperial armies,

ii. 357

Leto, the goddess, identified with Demeter in Asia Minor, ii. 67 _n._ 3

Leucius, author of Manichaean apocrypha, ii. 351

Leviathan, in Diagram perhaps equivalent to Ophiomorphus, ii. 70, 77

Lévy, Isidore M., his work on Serapis, i. 48

Libanus, in Enochian literature, northern frontier of Palestine, i. 165

Light, shed by Ophite Father-and-Son on Holy Spirit, ii. 42, 44;

the Primordial, of Ophites, ii. 46;

taken from Ialdabaoth to make protoplasts, ii. 51;

redemption of, from matter (Naassene writer), ii. 58, 59, 61, 64, 65;

in _Pistis Sophia_ years of, equal to days, ii. 164;

in _Pistis Sophia_ term equivalent to divine, ii. 143, 146, 148, 153,

154, 156, 164, 165, 167, 170, 171, 173, 175 _n._ 1, 191 _n._ 2;

and in Bruce Papyrus, ii. 193;

the heavenly in Persian religion, ii. 231;

name of Ormuzd, ii. 234, 236 _n._ 4;

in Manichaeism, name of god of goodness, ii. 287, 289;

its realm described, ii. 290;

how mixed with Darkness, ii. 294, 295, 335;

redemption of, 296, 297, 336, 339;

Faustus’ account of three worlds of, ii. 319;

in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 321, 324;

powers of, described, ii. 325-328;

praises sung to, ii. 331;

redeemed through food eaten by elect, ii. 343, 346.

_See_ Adamas

Light, the Great, in _Pistis Sophia_, Legate of the Ineffable One, ii.

141, 164

Linus, explains mysteries and is a source of doctrines of Sethians, i.

175

Lion-headed god of Mithraea, described, ii. 251-253;

represents Ahriman, ii. 254;

his place, ii. 255, 256

Livy, quoted, i. 6 _n._ 5, 41 _n._ 3

Lobeck, his _Aglaophamus_ quoted, i. 121 _n._ 1, 127 _n._ 2

Loeb, Isidore, attributes Babylonian origin to Jewish Cabala, ii. 35,

36

Logos, in Philo chief and source of all powers of God, i. 174;

not God, but his reflection, i. 180 _n._ 3;

member of 2nd Valentinian syzygy, ii. 98;

parent of Dodecad, ii. 101, 102;

Jesus also called the, by Valentinus, ii. 110 _n._ 1

Loret, M. Victor, says earliest Egyptian gods totemistic, i. 37 _n._ 2

Love. _See_ Agape, Eros

Loyola, Ignatius, compelling power of prayer of, i. 94

Lucian the Marcionite, Marcion’s successor at one or two removes, ii.

218 _n._ 2;

his teaching, ii. 220

Lucian of Samosata, his story of Alexander of Abonoteichos, i. 24, 199,

202; ii. 128;

quoted, i. 24, 199; ii. 30 _n._ 3, 31, 40 _n._ 1, 45 _n._ 1, 300 _n._

2

Lucius, hero of the _Golden Ass_, apparition of Isis to, i. 56;

his prayer to Isis, i. 57, 58;

promise of Isis’ protection in next world to, i. 59, 60;

his first initiation into Mysteries, i. 62, 63;

his second and third, i. 64;

his adoration of statue of Isis, i. 67;

his monotheistic conception of her, i. 75;

his complete devotion to her service, i. 83;

his metamorphosis by ointment, i. 101 _n._ 2

Lucius, German theological writer, quoted, i. 156 _n._ 1

Lucius Septimius, freedman of Caesar and Mithraist Court chaplain, ii.

268

Luebbert, his work on Pindaric doctrine of transmigration, quoted, i.

127 _n._ 3

Luther, Martin, as reformer and founder of sect, i. 54; ii. 19, 199

_n._ 3

Lyall, Sir Alfred, his _dictum_ on magic and religion, i. 94;

open dealing of Indian sorcerers, i. 99 _n._ 1

Lycomidae, the, hereditary priests of Eleusis, i. 76;

sing hymns of Orpheus in Mysteries, i. 141 _n._ 2;

Pausanias reads their hymns to Eros, ii. 210 _n._ 1

Lydia, name of Mother of Gods in, ii. 40, 45 _n._ 1

Lysimachus, King of Thrace, his wars in Phrygia, ii. 29

Ma, the goddess, Lydian equivalent of Demeter, i. 126;

Lydian name of Mother of Gods, ii. 40

Macaria or Blessedness, member of Valentinian Decad, ii. 101

Macariotes, member of Valentinian Dodecad, ii. 101

Macaulay, Lord, his simile as to religions borrowing from their rivals,

i. 84

Macedonia, its distance from Karachi, i. 4;

temples to Alexandrian gods in, i. 53

Macedonians, inhabitants of Thrace called, i. 136;

term used for subjects of Syrian Empire, i. 177

Macrinus, the Emperor, buys off Persians, ii. 226

Macrobius, quoted, i. 48 _n._ 1, 49 _n._ 1, 52, 55 _n._ 1, 118

Macrocosm and Microcosm, possible origin of theory, ii. 51 _n._ 1;

in Cabala, Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism, ii. 308 _n._ 1;

mentioned by name in Tun-huang MS., ii. 353

Maenads, the, reproduce rites of savage Thracians, i. 136

Magas, King of Cyrene, Asoka’s mission to, i. 20

Magi, the, Simon Magus’ system said to be derived from (Franck), i.

197;

Mithraism derived from religion of (Cumont), ii. 232, 275;

tribe of Medes defeated by Darius Hystaspes, ii. 233, 286;

priestly caste among Persians, _temp._ Herodotus, ii. 234;

religion of, described, _ibid._;

called Magusaeans by Theodore of Mopsuestia, ii. 237;

sacrifice to Ahriman, ii. 239;

relations of Manes with, ii. 280;

his most bitter opponents, ii. 280, 281, 282;

power of, declines under Parthians, ii. 283;

is restored by Ardeshîr, ii. 284

Magic, its practice by Greek confraternities, i. 23;

words used in, generally taken from dying religions, i. 87, 92;

relations between religion and, i. 91;

practice of, increases as religion decays, i. 92;

never entirely separated from religion, i. 93;

prayer in, used to show knowledge, i. 95;

leads to manufacture of theogonies, cosmogonies, etc., i. 96, 97;

ceremonial magic described, i. 97;

examples of spells used in, i. 98-107;

spread of, in Rome and Asia Minor under Empire, i. 108;

phenomena of, partly hypnotic, i. 109;

diffusion of, leads to Gnosticism, i. 110;

Egyptian Gnosticism reverts to, i. 111; ii. 199;

astrology connected with, in practice, i. 113;

effect of astrology upon, i. 117, 118;

magical ideas in Orphism, i. 128;

Orphics’ magical theory of initiation, i. 131-134, 139;

magical practices of Orpheotelestae, i. 140, 146;

Essenes probably practised, i. 158;

so Simon Magus and his successors, i. 176, 198, 202;

Gnostic secrecy due to magical ideas, ii. 18;

Phrygian Jews much addicted to, ii. 33, 34;

salvation through magical effect of Ophite initiation, ii. 56;

Marcus’ magical sacraments, ii. 129;

practice of, condemned in _Pistis Sophia_ but taught in _Texts of

Saviour_, ii. 180, 183, 185;

and in Papyrus Bruce, ii. 192, 193, 195;

common among Coptic monks, ii. 201;

word derived from Magi, ii. 233, 275;

religion of Magi apt to degenerate into, ii. 235;

Ahriman of Magi compellable by, ii. 239;

practice of, by Mithraists doubtful, ii. 275;

expressly condemned by Mithraist Emperors, _ibid._;

and by Zend Avesta and Manichaeism, ii. 275 _n._ 2;

its connection with worship of Hecate, ii. 276;

its appearance in Mandaite story of protoplasts, ii. 304;

condemned by Manes and his successors, ii. 313, 314, 342

Magic Papyri, in European Museums enumerated, i. 93 _n._ 3; ii. 34;

described, i. 97;

examples of spells from, i. 98-107;

probably written in good faith, i. 109;

names in Diagram like those in, ii. 71;

name of Seth in, ii. 76 _n._ 4;

acrostics in, ii. 84;

name of Maskelli in, ii. 148 _n._ 3;

Egyptian words in, ii. 180;

mediaeval _grimoires_ copied from, ii. 186 _n._ 3;

Mithraic fragment in, ii. 267

Magophonia, the Persian festival of, ii. 233

Magusaeans, the, mentioned by Theodore of Mopsuestia, probably Magi,

ii. 237

Mahaffy, Dr J. P., thinks Alexandria not the natural centre of trade

between East and West, i. 28 _n._ 1;

compares Dynasts of Asia Minor to mediaeval bishops and abbots, ii.

29;

quoted, i. 6 _n._ 5, 28 _n._ 1, 44 _n._ 2, 45 _n._ 1, 49 _n._ 2, 52

_n._ 1, 150 _n._ 2, 173 _nn._ 1, 2; ii. 29 _nn._ 2, 3, 4

Malays, magic of, mainly taken from Arabs, i. 92

Mallet, D., quoted, i. 181 _n._ 2; ii. 92 _n._ 1, 175 _n._ 4

Man, the First, in _Pistis Sophia_, Zoroastrianism, and Manichaeism, i.

lxi;

legend of, possibly Sumerian in origin, i. lxiii _n._ 1;

Ophites call their second god by this name, ii. 38;

wide spread of legend of, ii. 38 _n._ 3;

the Father of all, ii. 51;

invoked by Holy Spirit to send Christos to Sophia, ii. 59;

hymns to, sung by Ophites, ii. 61;

name of Jeû in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 147 _n._ 5;

Pistis Sophia delivered after seven prayers like Manichaean, ii. 156

_n._ 1;

First Mystery of _Pistis Sophia_ compared to Ophite, ii. 158;

name of Jeû in Bruce Papyrus, ii. 193;

in Manichaeism, ii. 292, 293 _n._ 1;

his defeat by Satan, ii. 294;

delivered by Friend of the Lights, ii. 294, 295 _n._ 1;

his armour called the soul, ii. 298 _n._ 2;

Adam and Eve made after image of, ii. 299;

sends Saviour to Adam and Eve, ii. 300, 302, 303;

son of Ahura Mazda by Spenta Armaiti, ii. 300 _n._ 2;

Bar Khôni’s account of, ii. 302 _n._ 1;

magic circle with name of, ii. 304;

his light forms souls of man, beasts, birds, etc., ii. 307;

sends Wise Guide to Manichaean Perfect at death, ii. 309;

Jesus comes forth from, _ap._ Manes, ii. 318;

Third Person of Manichaean Trinity, ii. 319 _n._ 1;

in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 323.

_See_ Gayômort, Ormuzd

Mandaites, the, or Disciples of St John, possible source of Manichaean

stories of protoplasts, ii. 305;

their hatred of Christians, Jews, and Mahommedans, _ibid._

_See_ Hemerobaptists, Mughtasilah

Manes or Mânî, the heresiarch, aims of religion of, i. lviii;

uncompromising dualism of, ii. 221, 277, 289;

life and death of, ii. 279-281;

his connection with Bardesanes, ii. 280 _n._ 7, 283;

heresy of, followed by that of Mazdak, ii. 284;

originality of doctrines of, discussed, ii. 285-287, 289;

his two principles, ii. 287-290;

said to have been one of the Mughtasilah, ii. 305;

his hatred of Jews and their Law, ii. 315;

his epistle to Marcellus, ii. 317, 318;

his gospel and other writings, ii. 350.

_See_ Manichaeans, Manichaeism, Thibet

Manetho, writes his Egyptian history in Greek, i. 9;

entrusted by Ptolemy with foundation of Alexandrian religion, i. 44;

said to have taught astrology to Greeks, i. 78

Manichaeans, the, confusion with Ophites possible, i. lx;

Orphic prohibitions observed by, i. 128 _n._ 1;

heavens made from evil powers according to, ii. 44 _n._ 3;

their King of Glory compared to Melchizidek of _P.S._, ii. 148 _n._

3;

influence of, perhaps perceptible in later documents of _Pistis

Sophia_, ii. 152 _n._ 1;

divide day into 12 hours, not 24, ii. 152 _n._ 2;

Languedoc perfects may eat only fish, ii. 153 _n._ 1;

hearers of Languedoc put off baptism till deathbed, ii. 168 _n._ 6;

oligarchy in Church the aim of, ii. 175 _n._ 2;

their relations with Marcionites, ii. 221, 222;

and with Mandaites, ii. 305;

their division of everything into five categories, ii. 312, 323

_sqq._;

duties of Hearer among, ii. 314;

secret script of, ii. 317;

pretend Trinitarian views among Christians, ii. 319;

take symbolical view of Crucifixion, ii. 320;

hymns of, ii. 333;

Churches of, ii. 347, 349;

Apocrypha of, ii. 351;

Imperial laws against, ii. 356

Manichaeism, prominence of First Man in, i. lxi;

and of Sophia, ii. 45 _n._ 1;

Virgin of Light in, ii. 137 _n._ 3;

like Avesta, condemns magic, ii. 275 _n._ 2;

contrasted with Mithraism, ii. 277, 278;

opposed to Judaism, ii. 278;

first rebellion against Ardeshîr’s religious reform, ii. 284, 285;

owes little to Egypt or Buddhism, ii. 286;

simplicity of teaching of, ii. 287;

its quinary system, ii. 290, 291, 330;

its cosmology like that of _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 295 _n._ 1, 296 _n._

1;

its androgyne virgin, ii. 298, 299 _n._ 1, 328, 329;

its system of transmigration, ii. 308;

teaches eternal punishment, ii. 309;

its Ten Commandments, ii. 314, 341, 342;

its _Burkhans_ or Messengers, ii. 336;

its fasts and alms, ii. 314, 344-347;

Constantine’s enquiry into, ii. 356;

favoured by Julian and the philosophers, _ibid._;

ends with Albigenses, ii. 357

Marathon, Iacchos-song heard before Battle of, i. 65 _n._ 6. _See_

Callias

Marcion, the heresiarch, groundless accusations of immorality against,

i. 179 _n._ 2; ii. 206;

differs from other Gnostics as to aeons, i. 187 _n._ 2;

accusation of ambition against, ii. 8 _n._ 3;

native of Pontus, ii. 9, 204;

his followers alter his doctrines (Tertullian), ii. 27, 216, 217;

ignores Sophia, ii. 45 _n._ 1, 214;

contemporary of Valentinus, ii. 134 _n._ 1;

his life and date, ii. 204, 205;

his relations with Stoics, _ibid._;

wide-spread and longevity of heresy of, ii. 205, 206, 216;

compared to Luther, ii. 207, 208;

his alterations of Scripture, ii. 208, 209;

his _Antitheses_, ii. 209, 213, 223;

his Supreme Being, ii. 210;

his Docetism, ii. 210, 211;

his Demiurge the God of the Jews, ii. 211;

his dislike of Judaism, 211, 212;

his rejection of allegory, ii. 213;

original nature of his teaching, ii. 214;

anticipation of Protestant doctrines and practices, ii. 215, 216;

his views as to matter, ii. 217;

his influence on Church slight, ii. 222;

Manes acquainted with his tenets, ii. 280, 283

Marcionites, the, endure till Xth cent., ii. 206;

their practices, ii. 207;

golden age of, last half of IInd cent., ii. 216;

their divisions, ii. 216, 217;

their relations with Manichaeism, ii. 221, 222

Marcus, the heresiarch, his Cabalisms, i. 171 _n._ 1; ii. 9 _n._ 1,

129;

accusations of immorality against, i. 179 _n._ 2; ii. 9 _n._ 1, 99,

128;

his conjuring tricks, i. 202; ii. 129, 183 _n._ 1;

a Jew, ii. 9 _n._ 1;

his supposed companion Colarbasus, ii. 20 _n._ 1;

a Valentinian (Irenaeus), ii. 99, 128;

his life and practices, ii. 128, 129;

possible connection of, with _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 187-189;

and with Bruce Papyrus, ii. 193

Marcus Aurelius, the Emperor, Alexander of Abonoteichos at Court of, i.

24; ii. 202;

his generals’ victories over Persians, ii. 225, 226.

_See_ Avidius Cassius

Marcus Volusius, the aedile, his escape in dress of priest of Isis, i.

53

Marduk, the god, called by number 50, ii. 35 _n._ 4;

name of, ineffable, ii. 37 _n._ 1.

_See_ Bel, Merodach

Mariamne, sister of Philip the Apostle, source of Ophite tradition

(Hippolytus), ii. 26;

mentioned in _Acta Philippi_, ii. 26 _n._ 2;

a sect named after her, _ibid._

Marks, the Five, the mystery of, in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 141

Marriage, rejected by Orphics, i. 128;

and by Essenes, i. 152;

admitted by Simon Magus, i. 196, 202;

rejected by Ophites, ii. 79, 80;

and by Saturninus, ii. 89;

admitted by Valentinus, ii. 129;

rejected by _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 174;

by Marcion, ii. 207, 215;

by certain Mithraists, ii. 260;

by Manichaean Elect, ii. 313

Mars, the god, why identified with Ares, i. 17;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238;

devotion of Julian to, ii. 269.

_See_ Ares

Mars, the planet, presides over a seventh part of terrestrial things,

i. 116;

a malefic in astrology, i. 118 _n._ 1;

one of the seven heavens of Ophites, ii. 48, 74 _n._ 2;

a ruler of the sidereal world in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 182.

_See_ Correspondences

Martha, the sister of Mary, interlocutor of Jesus in _Pistis Sophia_,

ii. 157

Martial, the poet, quoted, i. 54, 66, 67

Martyrs, position of, in Primitive Church, i. 145 _n._ 1; ii. 126, 127;

distinguished from confessors, ii. 117 _n._ 4

Mary Magdalene, St, in _Pistis Sophia_ made after likeness of seven

virgins of light, ii. 150;

chief interlocutor of Jesus in _P.S._, ii. 157;

her pre-eminent rank in next world, ii. 164.

_See_ Millennium

Mary, the Virgin, statues of Isis re-used for, i. 85;

her worship like that of Isis, i. 61, 62, 84, 85, 88;

birth of Jesus from, due to Sophia _ap._ Ophites, ii. 53, 59;

Sophia descends into, _ap._ Valentines, ii. 115;

in _Pistis Sophia_ Jesus speaks to, in likeness of Gabriel, ii. 138;

made after likeness of seven virgins of light, ii. 150;

interlocutor of Jesus in, ii. 157;

suggested origin of worship of, by Church, ii. 158;

Gnostics call her Mother of Life, ii. 300 _n._ 2.

_See_ Theotokos

_Mary, The Interrogations of_, attempted identification of _Pistis

Sophia_ with, ii. 157

Masbotheans, early sect mentioned by Hegesippus, ii. 6 _n._ 4

Maskelli, a ruler of demons in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 75 _n._ 1;

and in Magic Papyri, ii. 148 _n._ 3

Maspero, Sir Gaston, says Alexander’s deification common form in Egypt,

i. 18;

thinks Apuat originally only assessor of Osiris, i. 33 _n._ 2;

doubts existence of mysteries in Pharaonic Egypt, i. 60 _n._ 5;

Nu originally the Celestial Ocean, i. 73 _n._ 4; ii. 36, 175;

would identify Ostanes with Thoth, i. 108 _n._ 1;

Egyptian belief in three worlds reflecting one another, i. 197;

Egyptian Ennead varies in number, ii. 92, 176 _n._ 1;

no Egyptian spell without amulet, ii, 168 _n._ 1;

says Osirian beliefs reproduced in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 175 _n._ 4;

life in next world confined to privileged few in Egypt, ii. 198 _n._

1;

quoted, i. lxi _n._ 3, 2 _n._ 3, 3 _nn._ 3, 4, 10 _n._ 3, 18 _n._ 3,

32 _n._ 2, 35 _n._ 1, 57 _n._ 3, 60 _n._ 5, 63 _nn._ 3, 5, 65 _n._

1, 73 _n._ 4, 95 _n._ 3, 104 _n._ 3, 108 _n._ 1, 125 _n._ 3, 134

_n._ 3, 160 _n._ 4, 197; ii. 36 _n._ 3, 48 _n._ 3, 75 _n._ 2, 92

_n._ 2, 153 _n._ 2, 160 _n._ 1, 168 _n._ 1, 175 _nn._ 4, 6, 176

_n._ 1, 177 _n._ 2, 184 _n._ 2, 189 _n._ 3, 196 _nn._ 1-5, 197

_nn._ 1-7, 198 _n._ 1, 201 _n._ 1, 233 _n._ 5

Matter, Jacques, his reproduction of Ophite Diagram, ii. 68, 70;

says Basilides’ followers came over to Valentinus, ii. 93;

dates death of Basilides 135 A.D., ii. 93 _n._ 3;

quoted, ii. 77 _n._ 2, 88 _n._ 1, 89 _n._ 5, 93 _n._ 3, 130 _n._ 1,

134 _n._ 4, 208 _n._ 3, 209 _n._ 1, 320 _n._ 3

Matter, Orphic views as to, i. 128, 147, 148;

Philo’s, i. 174;

Simon Magus’, i. 195, 201;

the Ophites’, ii. 44 _n._ 2, 49;

the post-Christian Gnostics’, ii. 64;

Valentinus’, ii. 107, 112 _n._ 2, 113;

the _Pistis Sophia’s_, ii. 151, 153, 161 _n._ 2;

_The Texts of the Saviour’s_, ii. 167 _n._ 2;

Cerdo’s, ii. 205;

Marcion’s, ii. 210, 217;

the Mithraists’, ii. 250;

the Manichaeans’, ii. 294, 346

Matthew, Saint, the Apostle, one of the three recorders of words of

Jesus in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 157

Matthias, the Apostle, Basilides’ doctrines said to be handed down

from, ii. 90;

in _Pistis Sophia_ perhaps destined from beginning to supersede

Judas, ii. 137 _n._ 1

Maury, L. F. Alfred, thinks Orphic cosmogony taken from Ionian

philosophers, i. 124;

quoted, i. 16 _n._ 1, 17 _n._ 1, 21 _n._ 1, 25 _n._ 1, 40 _nn._ 1, 4,

42 _n._ 1, 46. _n._ 1, 51 _n._ 1, 95 _n._ 4, 123 _n._ 2, 124 _n._

2, 125 _n._ 3, 135 _nn._ 3, 4, 136 _nn._ 1, 2, 4, 147 _n._ 1, ii.

275 _n._ 2

Mazdak, antinomian heresy of, ii. 284

Mazdeism, its influence on Simon Magus, i. 197;

Mithraism not derived from, ii. 232;

opposed to Mithraism, ii. 270.

_See_ Zoroastrianism

Medes, angels to, stir them up against Jerusalem (Enoch), i. 161;

Magi tribe of non-Aryan, ii. 286

Mediterranean, the, religions of eastern basin of, i. lviii;

the Dying God of, i. 37, 43 _n._ 3, 123; ii. 16, 29;

gods of, tend to merge in Serapis, i. 55;

Orphic legends current in islands of, i. 122;

religions of eastern, before Orphics, i. 126 _n._ 3;

god of, always worshipped in mysteries, ii. 17;

and often bisexual, ii. 29, 97

Megalopolis in Arcadia, statue of Dionysos with attributes of Zeus at,

i. 125 _n._ 2

Megasthenes, his story of gold-digging ants, i. 2 _n._ 1

Melchizidek, purifier or receiver of the Light in _Pistis Sophia_, ii.

148, 153;

receiver of, in _Texts of Saviour_, ii, 148, 186;

sect of worshippers of, ii. 148 _n._ 1;

Sun and Moon act as “receivers” of (_P.S._), ii 154;

placed by last Parastates according to arrangement, ii. 191 _n._ 2

Melissae or Bees, priestesses of Great Goddess and Demeter so called, i

143 _n._ 4

Memphis, religious capital of Egypt after Ethiopian conquest, i. 32;

Osiris worshipped as bull Apis at, i. 45;

Greek Serapeum at, divided from native, i. 51;

Asklepios worshipped at, i. 78 _n._ 2, 87;

recluse in Serapeum at, i. 79, 80

Men, the god, in Orphic hymn, i. 139 _n._ 1;

identified with Attis in Asia Minor, ii. 67 _n._ 3

Menander, comic poet, notes fashion for Isis-worship in Athens, i. 54

Menander, the heresiarch, successor of Simon Magus, i. 111, 199;

Basilides and Saturninus disciples of, ii. 89, 93

Menant, Mdlle D., quoted, i. lxii _n._ 2; ii. 232 _n._ 4

Mendes, Osiris worshipped as ram or goat at, i. 45

Menuthis, medical saints succeed Isis at, i. 86 _n._ 1

Mercury, the god, why Hermes called, i. 17;

caduceus of, in procession of Isis, i. 72;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238, 258.

_See_ Hermes

Mercury, the planet, presides over category of earthly things, i. 116;

one of the Ophite heavens, ii. 48;

the sphere of, in Diagram, ii. 73 _n._ 2;

ruler of stars in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 182

Merodach or Marduk, absorbs all gods in himself, i. 15 _n._ 1

Merv, may be Alexandria Margiana, i. 5 _n._ 3

Mesopotamia, Mazdeism in, before Homer, i. lxiii;

Antiochus the Great transports Jews from, into Anatolia, ii. 28;

Ophites in, ii. 76

Messenia, worship of Eleusinian triad in, i. 135

Messiah, Jewish expectation of, i. 164, 165, 166.

_See_ Barcochebas

Metricos or Motherly, member of Valentinian Dodecad, ii. 101

Metropator, the word, i. 190 _n._ 1

Michael, the Archangel, he and Gabriel only angels named in O.T., i.

158;

in _Book of Enoch_, i. 169;

in Magic Papyri, ii. 34;

name of Ophiomorphus among Ophites, ii. 52;

connected with planet Saturn, ii. 75;

with Gabriel delivers Pistis Sophia from Chaos, ii. 156.

_See_ Sammael

Michar and Micheu, powers set over Waters of Life in Papyrus Bruce, ii.

192

Mihr Nerses, conqueror of Armenia for Yezdegerd II, ii. 285, 336 _n._ 1

Milk, kid bathed in, Orphic password, i. 134

Millennium, the, in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 164

Mincopies, the, of Andamans, their compulsion of spirits, i. 93

Minerva, the goddess, why Athena called, i. 17;

identified with Isis, i. 56.

_See_ Athena

Minucius, Felix, naturalistic explanation of Graeco-Roman pantheon, i.

lvii _n._ 1;

makes Osiris son and not spouse of Isis, i. 63 _n._ 5, 70 _n._ 1;

his _Octavius_ quoted i. 70

Miracles, of Primitive Church and success of Christianity, i. li; ii.

361

Mise, Orphic name of androgyne Dionysos, i. 47, 137 _n._ 1;

Orphic hymn to, i. 143;

Persephone called Mise Kore, i. 143 _n._ 1

Mitannians, the, Mithras worshipped by, i. lxii; ii. 231;

a branch of Hittites (Winckler), ii. 231 _n._ 2

Mithraism, its use of the number seven, i. 117;

its origin, ii. 232;

its connection with astrology, ii. 235;

extinct before rise of Zervanism, ii. 236;

Stoic influence upon, ii, 250, 274;

half-way house between Paganism and Christianity (Lafaye), ii. 256

_n._ 3;

its seven heavens or spheres, ii. 256, 257;

aims at universal religion, ii. 258, 269;

its ceremonies, ii. 259-262, 268, 269;

its degrees of initiation, ii. 262, 263;

a Pagan Freemasonry (Renan), ii. 264, 269;

its mystic banquet, ii. 264, 265;

ritual fragment in Magic Papyrus connected with, ii. 265-267;

its priesthood, ii. 268;

its relations with the State, ii. 270, 271;

its connection with Mazdeism obscure, ii. 270;

its decline and suppression, ii. 271-274;

its survivals, ii. 274, 275;

its use of magic and astrology, ii. 275, 276;

its contrasts with Manichaeism, ii. 277, 278;

its attitude towards Judaism, _ibid._

Mithras, worship of, pre-Christian and ethical, i. xlix _n._ 1;

most dangerous Pagan rival to Christian Church, i. lxii;

worshipped by Hittites or Mitannians, i. lxii; ii. 231;

small beginnings of worship of, in West, i. 24;

equated with Serapis, i. 56;

supplants Alexandrian religion in Imperial favour, i. 81;

devotees of, worship other gods, i. 83; ii. 269;

identified with Sun (Pliny and Macrobius), i. 118;

Orphic and Valentinian analogies of banquet of, ii. 111 _n._ 1;

arrival of worship of, in West, ii. 228, 229;

monuments of, where found, ii. 230;

who Mithras was, ii. 230, 231;

his place in Zend Avesta, ii. 231, 232;

in Herodotus and Plutarch, ii. 234;

lost books on, ii. 235, 236;

Zervanist theory of (Cumont), ii. 236, 237, 252;

Jupiter O. M. his only superior in pantheon, ii. 238-240;

his relations with the Sun, ii. 240-241, 243, 244;

his birth from a rock, ii. 241, 242;

as the bringer of rain, ii. 242, 243;

scenes with Bull, ii. 243;

his alliance with Sun, ii. 243, 244;

“Mithras my crown” (Tertullian), ii. 245, 263;

in Tauroctony, ii. 245-247;

the Banquet, and creation of animals, ii. 247, 248;

the Demiurge, ii. 248, 249;

the μεσίτης or Mediator, ii. 249;

his relations with Ahriman and Hecate, ii. 250-254;

and with Cybele, ii. 258, 259, 269;

Taurobolium taken into worship of, ii. 259;

his relations with Alexandrian religion, ii. 259, 260;

and with the Mysteries of Eleusis, ii. 260;

and with Christianity, ii. 261;

his chapels and rites, ii. 261, 262, 268, 269;

monotheism of religion of, ii. 273;

name of, reappears in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 324 _n._ 1.

_See_ Izeds

Mithridates, King of Pontus, his temporary power in Asia Minor, ii. 29;

Sinope his capital, ii. 204;

reaction towards Persian nationality during his wars with Rome, ii.

225;

Magi of Asia Minor his supporters, ii. 229

Mixis or Mixture, member of Valentinian Decad, ii. 101

Mohammed or Muhammad, receives Koran from Allah, i. liii;

religion of, admittedly propagated by human means, i. liv;

commanding personality of, i. 54;

his Arabs aim at universal dominion, i. 160

Mohammedanism, scientific study of, and its results, i. li;

to Gnostic, merely veil, ii. 18;

takes its ideas of Christianity from heretics, ii. 283 _n._ 4

Moira, individual fate or cause of death in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 184

Monceaux, M. Paul, quoted, i. 121 _n._ 1, 123 _nn._ 2, 4, 125 _n._ 3,

131 _n._ 4, 137 _n._ 5, 139 _n._ 3

Monogenes, confusion with μονογέννητος, i. 124 _n._ 3; ii. 15, 98 _n._

2;

Bar Coziba called, i. 124 _n._ 1;

expresses Gnostic conception of nature of Jesus, ii. 15, 16;

name of Nous, first offspring of Bythos in system of Valentinus, ii.

98;

member of Valentinian Decad, ii. 101;

Christ and Holy Spirit put forth by (Irenaeus), ii. 105 _n._ 1

Monoimus Arabs, the heresiarch, ii. 9;

uses words found in Naassene or Ophite writer, ii. 41 _n._ 1

Montanist heresy, the, most formidable to Church save Gnosticism, ii.

29 _n._ 1.

_See_ Tertullian

Moret, M. Alexandre, description of daily rites in Egyptian temples, i.

66;

quoted, i. 66 _n._ 1; ii. 139 _n._ 2, 153 _n._ 2, 175 _n._ 5

Morocco, monuments of Alexandrian religion found in, i. 53

Moses, the patriarch, religion of, i. liv;

Law of, broken by magicians, i. 107;

pseudepigraphical books of, i. 163;

devotion of Essenes to, i. 168 _n._ 2;

writings of, not intelligible without mystic insight (Justin Martyr),

i, 170 _n._ 5;

adherence of rich Jews of Dispersion to Law of, i. 173;

reverence of Essenes for, i. 168;

and of Samaritans, i. 177;

and of Simon Magus, i. 188;

divine inspiration claimed for, ii. 15;

magical book ascribed to, ii. 46 _n._ 3

_Moses, The Assumption of_, edited by Dr Charles, i. 164;

comes from Essene School, i. 167 _n._ 6;

quoted, i. 166, 168 _n._ 1, 170 _n._ 2

Moses of Chorene, mentions Zervan as equivalent of Shem, i. lx

Mother of the Gods. _See_ Aphrodite, Atargatis, Cybele, Ishtar, Isis,

Mother of Life, Ramsay, Sophia

Mother of Life, the, the Great Goddess of Western Asia, ii. 45 _n._ 1,

299 _n._ 1, 300 _n._ 2;

_Mater viventium_, ii. 135 _n._ 3;

in Manichaeism, ii. 293 _n._ 1, 302 _n._ 1;;

rescues First Man, ii. 294, 295 _n._ 1;

forms link with many systems, ii. 300 _n._ 2;

with other powers sends Jesus to Adam, ii. 303;

anonymous in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 323.

_See_ Nahnaha

Moulton, Prof. Hope, his Hibbert Lectures quoted, i. lxii _n._ 2; ii.

110 _n._ 1, 231 _n._ 1, 258 _n._ 3

Mount of Olives, the, place of Ascension in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 136,

139, 146, 157

Mughtasilah, the, Mandaites, Hemerobaptists or Disciples of St John

described, ii. 305;

an extant sect, _ibid._;

go back to reign of Trajan, _ibid._;

their hatred of Christians, Jesus, and Mahommedans, _ibid._;

possible source of some of Manes’ doctrines, _ibid._

Murray, Prof. Gilbert, his translation of Orphic gold plates quoted, i.

132, 133

Musaeus, address to, in Orphic hymns, i. 139 _n._ 1, 142;

associated with Orpheus, the expounder of Mysteries, i. 175

Musonius, Rufus, exercises care of souls, ii. 87

Mycenae, Double Axe in worship of, ii. 67 _n._ 3

Mystery, the First, the Great Power of the _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 135;

the origin of all things, ii. 139;

all other good powers his “names,” ii. 140;

his “completion” to be fulfilled by Jesus, ii. 143;

a Twin Mystery, ii. 144;

Jesus the, looking outwards, ii. 144, 161;

proceeds from last limb of Ineffable One, ii. 145;

his “receptacle” or heaven, ii. 146;

commands Jesus to help Pistis Sophia, ii. 156;

corresponds to Father-and-Son of Ophites, ii. 158;

sees to emanation of universe, ii. 161;

the “mysteries” (_i.e._ sacraments) of, ii. 166, 167, 169, 173, 175

_n._ 1

Mysteries of Eleusis. _See_ Dionysos, Demeter, Eleusis, Eumolpidae,

Foucart, Iacchos, Mithras Persephone

Naassenes, the, name of early Ophites (Giraud), ii. 26, 74;

borrow from Simon Magus (Salmon), ii. 41 _n._ 1;

explanation of name as serpent worshippers, ii. 50;

their triple nature of soul, ii. 53;

frequent Mysteries of Great Mother, ii. 58;

believe in malignity and independence of matter, ii. 64;

set forth changes of soul in _Gospel of Egyptians_, ii. 65;

their priests, ii. 66 _n._ 1;

_Philosophumena_ chief authority for doctrines of, ii. 68;

the assembly of souls in each world of, ii. 75;

_Gospel of Egyptians_ only work attributed to (Hippolytus), ii. 79;

their allegorical interpretation of all literature, ii. 81;

quote Homer, Pindar etc., ii. 83;

treat poets as Puritans do Scripture, ii. 85

Nabonidus, King of Chaldaea, his date for inscription of Sargon of

Accad, i. 114 _n._ 1

Nahnaha, name of Manichaean Mother of Life, ii. 300 _n._ 2, 309, 323

_n._ 4

Name, of Alexander still famous in East, i. 14;

Hawk or Horus name of Egyptian kings, i. 36;

of Dionysos at Eleusis ineffable, i. 47 _n._ 1;

of Osiris in _Book of Dead_, i. 55;

many names of Greek Isis, i. 56;

of Pluto used in magic, i. 99;

the like of Persephone, i. 100;

Babylonians use number instead of, i. 100; ii. 35;

Typhon’s 100 lettered, i. 104;

carved on scarab and used in spell, i. 106;

names of angels kept secret by Essenes, i. 157;

knowledge of, gives power over spirit, i. 158;

one of Simon Magus’ Roots, i. 180, 183, 185;

more powerful in magic if meaning forgotten, ii. 33;

names of Yahweh used by Jewish sorcerers, ii. 34;

name of Ophite Bythos ineffable, ii. 37;

instances of ineffable names, ii. 37 _n._ 1;

meaning of names of Valentinian aeons, ii. 99, 103;

lesser powers names of First Mystery in _Pistis Sophia_, ii. 140,

144;

of good powers copied from those of evil in _Texts of Saviour_, ii.

148 _n._ 3;

of Dragon of Outer Darkness, ii. 166 _n._ 2;

mysteries called names of light, ii. 173 _n._ 1;

names in Jesus’ address to His Father explained, ii. 180 _n._ 4;

Greek names of God used in mediaeval magic, ii. 186 _n._ 3;

cryptographic names in Bruce Papyrus, ii. 195;

of Mithras in Vedas, ii. 230;

and in Zend Avesta, ii. 231;

of Supreme God in Mithraism, ii. 236-239;

of lion-headed god, ii. 252, 253;

of Manes, Corbicius or Kubrik, ii. 279;

names of Good and Evil Principles in Manichaeism, ii. 289;

names of Satan in same, ii. 297, 304;

of Cross, ii. 320;

of Zervan and Ormuzd in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 323, 339;

of Third Legate in same, ii. 327.

_See_ Adamas, Caulacau, Essenes, Saboï, Tetragrammaton

Namrael or Nebrod, wife of Saclas a Manichaean fiend, ii. 329

Nannar, the god, Babylonian moon-god and No. 30, ii. 35 _n._ 4, 287

_n._ 4

Naples Museum, copy of Bryaxis’ statue of Serapis at, i. 49 _n._ 2;

frescoes of Isis-worship at, i. 67;

Orphic gold plates at, i. 133, 134

Naville, Prof. Edouard, quoted, i. 33 _n._ 1, 57 _n._ 3; ii. 92 _n._ 2,

121 _n._ 3, 142 _n._ 1

Neander, J. A. W., quoted, i. lvi _n._ 2, 145 _n._ 1; ii. 9 _n._ 1, 124

_n._ 1, 125 _nn._ 2, 3, 205 _nn._ 2, 4, 206 _n._ 5, 207, 211 _nn._

2, 4, 215 _n._ 1, 217 _n._ 1, 253 _n._ 2, 270 _nn._ 1, 2, 278 _n._

2, 285 _nn._ 1, 4, 320 _n._ 3, 335 _n._ 1, 348 _n._ 2, 349 _n._ 1,

356 _n._ 1, 358 _nn._ 1-4

Nearchus, Alexander’s admiral, i. 6

Nectanebo, King of Egypt, last of Pharaohs, i. 32

Nemesis, Orphic hymn to, i. 142 _n._ 2.

_See_ Rhamnusia

Neo-Manichaeism, doctrine of Bar Khôni and Turfan MSS., ii. 321;

its organization and hierarchy, ii. 330;

its settlement in Turkestan, ii. 357;

origin of Bogomiles, Albigenses, etc., _ibid._

Neo-Platonists, mainly _post_ Constantine, i. lvii;

tendency of, to merge all gods in Dionysos, i. 146 _n._ 1

Neo-Pythagoreans, their influence on Valentinianism, ii. 97

Nephotes, alleged letter of, to King Psammetichus, i. 101

Nephthys, the goddess, wife of Set, sister of Isis, and mother of

Anubis, i. 35

Neptune, the god, name of God of Nature as sea, i. lvii.

_See_ Poseidon

Neptune, the planet, unknown in classic times, i. 116

Nero, the Emperor, state recognition of Alexandrian gods _temp._, i.

53;

his name and Number of the Beast, i. 105 _n._ 2, 169;

magic and astrology most rife at Rome in reign of (Renan), i. 108;

Simon Magus’ fatal flight before, i. 178, 192 _n._ 2;

his favourite deity _Dea Syria_, ii. 31;

legend of his return from among the Parthians, ii. 225

Nestor, his flattery of Athena in _Odyssey_, i. 95

Nicaea, Trinitarian doctrine formulated at, i. 89.

_See_ Athanasius

Nicocreon, King of Cyprus, answer of oracle of Serapis to, i. 55

_Nicodemus, The Gospel of_, used by Ophites, ii. 79

Nicolaitans, the, of Apocalypse a Gnostic sect (Irenaeus), ii. 1;

Ophites derive their doctrine from (St Augustine), ii. 25;

named after Nicolaus the Deacon, ii. 27 _n._ 1;

Ialdabaoth appears in system of, ii. 46 _n._ 3.

_See_ Epiphanius

Nicomedia, seat of Alexander of Abonoteichos’ worship of Glycon, i. 24

Nike, the goddess, on coins of Indo-Greek kings, i. 17 _n._ 2;

on Mithraic monuments, ii. 238

Nile, Pelusiac mouth of, i. 29;

body of Osiris thrown into, i. 33, 34;

water of, in Alexandrian religion, i. 68;

allegory of Osiris as, i. 73;

water of, used in magic, i. 103

Nineveh, omen tablets from, i. 114

Nin-harsag, the goddess, makes two creatures as patterns of mankind, i.

lxiii _n._ 1.

_See_ Man, First

Ninos, priestess of confraternity convicted of poisoning, i. 23 _n._ 2

Nippur, Sumerian tablet from, and legend of First Man, i. lxiii _n._ 1

Noah, the Patriarch, interference of the Ophite Sophia in favour of,

ii. 53

Nomos, the god, Orphic hymn to, i. 142 _n._ 2

Nous, first of Simon Magus’ “Roots,” i. 180;

name of Ophite Ophiomorphus, ii. 49;

member of First Valentinian syzygy, ii. 98;

in Manichaeism, ii. 322 _n._ 2

Nu, the god, in Egypt origin of all (Maspero), i. 73; ii. 36, 175;

perhaps identifiable with Khepera the creator of man, i. 126 _n._ 3

Number, Ialdabaoth a “fourth,” i. 100 _n._ 4;

used for name of gods in Babylonia, i. 100; ii. 35;

of Beast in Apocalypse, i. 105 _n._ 3, 169;

neo-Pythagorean theory of sexes of, ii. 97, 103 _n._ 5

Nut, the goddess, mother of Osiris and goddess of sky, i. 33, 133 _n._

1

Nyakang, secondary god of Shilluks, ii. 39 _n._ 5

Oblation, baptism of the First, in _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 183, 192;

its analogues in Bruce Papyrus, ii. 193

Odysseus, speech of the dead Achilles to, i. 59.

_See_ Ulysses

Ogdoad, the, of Valentinus, composed of Bythos, Sige and first three

syzygies, ii. 98;

aeons of, merely names of God, ii. 99, 100;

heaven of Sophia called, ii. 107, 111 _n._ 1, 113 _n._ 2;

Egyptian parallel to (Maspero), ii. 175

Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, i. 12;

first meets Philip at Mysteries of Cabiri, i. 23, 136 _n._ 2

Olympius, the philosopher, defends Serapeum of Alexandria against

Christians, _temp._ Theodosius, i. 84

Olympus, gods of, not rivals of Christianity, i. lvii;

Gnosticism a heresy of religion of, i. lviii

Omophorus, world-supporting angel in Manichaeism, ii. 297, 325, 332;

Babylonian prototype and classical Atlas, ii. 298 _n._ 1, 332;

Jesus comes to earth for relief of, ii. 306;

in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 325

Onomacritos, earliest author of Orphic poems, i. 121;

possibly inspired by Persian legends, i. 122 _n._ 3, 126 _n._ 3;

Buddhism reaches West after death of, i. 135 _n._ 1

Ophiomorphus, serpent-shaped power of Ophites, and son of Ialdabaoth,

ii. 49;

cause of man’s soul, passions, and death (Irenaeus), ii. 50;

Soul of the World, _ibid._;

counsels creation of man, ii. 51;

cast down to earth by Ialdabaoth, ii. 52, 75;

with his six sons forms seven earthly demons, ii. 52, 70;

called Leviathan in Diagram, ii. 70, 77;

this world under his government, ii. 75;

obliteration of, among later Ophites, ii. 77, 78

Ophites, tenets of, confused with others by late writers, i. lx;

First Man legend among, i. lxi;

may have drawn their ideas from same source as Manichaeans, i. 128

_n._ 1;

Origen calls them insignificant sect, ii. 21 _n._ 3;

pre-Christian (Philastrius), ii. 25;

different founders assigned to, by Fathers, ii. 25, 26;

teaching of changes with time, ii. 26;

many different sects of, ii. 26, 27, 28;

aim at combining Anatolian religion with Hellenic and Christian, ii.

36;

their Ineffable Supreme God or Bythos, ii. 37;

their Second God, Light, First Man, Father-and-Son or Adamas, ii. 38,

39;

their Holy Spirit or First Woman, ii. 40;

their Supreme Triad of Father, Mother and Son, ii. 41;

their threefold division of all things, ii. 42;

accidental origin of world, ii. 44;

mingling of light with matter called Sophia, ii. 45;

Sophia’s Seven Heavens, ii. 46;

their names and connection with Judaism, ii. 46, 47;

with later Ophites the seven planetary spheres, ii. 48;

their Ophiomorphus or serpent-shaped god, ii. 49-51;

Adam and Eve made at suggestion of Sophia, ii. 51;

Fall of Man and expulsion from Paradise to Earth, ii. 52;

their teaching as to soul of man taken from heathen Mysteries, ii.

54;

of Fathers essentially Christians, ii. 56;

teach return of world to Deity, ii. 57;

their view of Mission of Jesus, ii. 59, 60, 61;

use sacraments of baptism and Eucharist, ii. 61;

Ophite psalm and its meaning, ii. 62, 63;

their salvation through rebirth of soul, ii. 64, 65;

their Diagram and its use, ii. 66-70;

defences of soul in passing from sphere to sphere, ii. 71-74;

their doctrine of correspondences, ii. 75;

their divisions and end, ii. 76, 77;

their influence on _Texts of Saviour_, ii. 78;

their use of Apocrypha, ii. 79;

and of Canonical Books, ii. 81;

mode of interpretation of all literature, ii. 82;

first Ophites probably uneducated, ii. 83;

anti-Jewish, and reverence for Jewish Scriptures probably due to

their magical use, ii. 84, 85;

analogies of their teaching with Saturninus’, ii. 89;

and with Valentinus’, ii. 96, 100, 109;

differences between their teaching and Valentinus’ as to soul of man

and its salvation, ii. 111-115;

that of _Pistis Sophia_ resembles both Ophite system and Valentinus’,

ii. 135;

Ophite cosmology explains “Five Words” of _P.S._, ii. 143;

Supreme Being of _P.S._ like those of Ophites, ii. 143, 144, 145;

degradation of lower Ophite powers in _P.S._, ii. 155 _n._ 3, 158;

cosmologies of _P.S._ and Ophites contrasted, ii. 160, 161;

lower initiates in _P.S._ must exhibit seal like, ii. 165;

resemblance of Eucharistic ideas in _P.S._ with Ophites’, ii. 171;

Ophites’ ideas as to descent of soul through planetary spheres in

Mithraism, ii. 256;

cosmogony of Manes like that of Ophites, ii. 290 _n._ 4.

_See_ Evander, Naassenes

Oreus, ruler of planetary sphere in Diagram, ii. 47.

_See_ Horaios

Origen, his unorthodox views of Trinity, i. 89 _n._ 2;

no Simonians in his time, i. 200;

professes knowledge of all Ophite secrets, ii. 21 _n._ 3;

says Euphrates “the Peratic” founder of Ophites, ii. 25;

says all magicians use “God of Abraham” formula, ii. 33, 34;

calls Christ Angel of Great Council, ii. 43;

says names of Ialdabaoth, Horaios and Astaphaios taken from magic,

ii. 47, 48;

authority for Ophite use of Diagram, ii. 66;

his description of Diagram, ii. 67-70;

gives “defences” of soul from unmentioned source, ii. 71-74;

sympathy between planet Saturn and Michael, ii. 75;

he and Clement of Alexandria only patristic writers fair to Gnostics,

ii. 76 _n._ 2;

had he or Celsus read _Pistis Sophia_?, ii. 154 _n._ 2, 159, 179;

says Persian theology gives mystical reasons for order of planetary

spheres, ii. 256, 265;

Mithraic ladder described by, ii. 257;

quoted, i. 73, 199; ii. 8 _n._ 4, 25, 26, 34, 43, 46, 48, 66, 67, 69,

70, 71, 72, 73, 75, 159, 256, 257

Ormuz. _See_ Hormisdas

Ormuzd or Oromazes, antagonism of, to Ahriman not defined till Sassanid

reform, ii. 232;

called Light (Plutarch), ii. 234;

Zervan Akerene above both him and Ahriman (Cumont), ii. 236, 252;

doubtful part of, in Mithraic religion, ii. 237;

Romans identify him with Zeus, ii. 237, 240;

no evidence that Mithraists called Jupiter, Ormuzd, ii. 239;

incursion of Ahriman into Kingdom of Ormuzd cause of all evil to man,

_ap._ Manichaeans, ii. 253;

identified with First Man in neo-Manichaeism, ii. 293 _n._ 2, 323;

in earlier Manichaeism, Father of First Man, ii. 335

Orpheotelestae, strolling charlatans with Orphic books, i. 140;

addicted to magic and poisoning, i. 146

Orpheus, Christian doctrine attributed to (Clem. Alex.), i. 47 _n._ 3;

never existed, i. 121;

religious teaching attributed to him probably Phrygian, i. 122;

said to be founder of Eleusinian Mysteries, i. 123;

identity of Zeus and Dionysos said to be his teaching, i. 125 _n._ 2;

transmigration doctrine of, i. 127 _n._ 3;

mentioned in Pindar, i. 129 _n._ 3;

poems attributed to, i. 135, 140;

said to have been a Thracian, i. 136;

hymns attributed to, i. 141;

Musaeus called son of, i. 142;

tendency of poems of, to fuse all other gods in Dionysos, i. 146 _n._

1;

Jews forge writings in name of, i. 173;

explains Mysteries of Eleusis and their rites (Hippolytus), i. 175;

respect paid to “Orpheus and other theologists,” i. 184 _n._ 3;

parallel between Simon’s Silence and Night of, i. 185;

expression “metropator” attributed to, i. 190 _n._ 1;

quotations from verses attributed to, i. 40 _n._ 1, 47 _nn._ 3, 4, 65

_n._ 5, 90 _n._ 1, 123 _n._ 4, 125 _n._ 1, 127 _n._ 3, 129, 132

_n._ 1, 133 _n._ 2, 137 _nn._ 1, 4, 138 _n._ 2, 139 _n._ 1, 142,

143, 144 _nn._ 1, 2, 146 _nn._ 1, 3, 147 _n._ 1, 157 _n._ 1, 168

_n._ 3, 169 _n._ 1, 185 _n._ 2, 186 _n._ 1, 190 _n._ 1; ii. 6 _n._

1, 45 _n._ 1, 80 _n._ 1, 111 _n._ 1, 153 _n._ 2, 254 _n._ 2, 311

_n._ 2