intermarriages between Jews and Christians in, =3=, 44.
Karaites spread to, in the tenth century, =3=, 207.
Talmud schools established in, =3=, 208, 210.
Moslem culture in, under the Ommiyyade Caliphs, =3=, 214.
the center of Judaism from the time of Chasdaï Ibn-Shaprut, =3=,
229.
split into parties in the twelfth century, =3=, 316.
characteristics of the rabbis of, in the age succeeding
Nachmani, =3=, 609.
Talmudists of, use the works of Maimonides, =3=, 624.
entirely Christian, =4=, 346.
effect of the Inquisition on, =4=, 356.
the Protestant Reformation in, =4=, 469.
war with, contemplated by Solyman, =4=, 594.
rebellion against, in the Netherlands, =4=, 601.
condition of, at the accession of Philip III, =4=, 668.
autos-da-fé in, =5=, 91.
the Jews in, =5=, 727-8.
=Spain, the Jews of=, forbidden to trade with Christians, =2=, 620.
held in high esteem in the sixth century, =3=, 43-4.
well treated by the early Visigoths, =3=, 45.
defend the passes of the Pyrenees, =3=, 45.
orthodoxy of, under the Visigoths, =3=, 45.
under the Catholic Visigoths, =3=, 46-52.
under Reccared, =3=, 46-7.
under Sisebut, =3=, 47-9.
emigrate, =3=, 48-9, 51-2.
under Swintila, =3=, 49.
under Sisenand, =3=, 49-50.
refute Isidore of Seville, =3=, 50-1.
under Chintila, =3=, 51-2.
enthusiastic for science and culture, =3=, 214-15.
cultivate their own individuality, =3=, 215.
not permitted to hold offices under the Mahometans, =3=, 216-17.
the first persecution of, =3=, 279, 281.
as diplomats at Mahometan and Christian courts, =3=, 281-2, 291.
devote themselves to the study of the Talmud, =3=, 282.
culture of, in the first half of the twelfth century, =3=,
313, 317-18.
politics of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 317.
culture of, at its zenith, =3=, 343.
active in the struggle between the Christians and the Almohades,
=3=, 363.
history of, in Abraham Ibn-Daud’s work, =3=, 366.
struggle against Jew badges, =3=, 513.
Maimunists, =3=, 526-7, 536.
philosophical leanings of, =3=, 549.
higher culture of, in the thirteenth century, =3=, 615.
superior to the Jews of other countries, =3=, 618.
Castilians the leaders of, in the fourteenth century, =4=, 75.
neglect Jewish science, =4=, 86, 91.
charged with causing the Black Death, =4=, 101-2.
humiliated by the civil war between Pedro and Henry de Trastamare,
=4=, 126.
at the beginning of Henry II’s reign, =4=, 136.
intellectual decadence of, =4=, 143-4.
selfishness of, =4=, 153-5.
informers against, =4=, 155-6.
effect of persecution on, =4=, 166-7, 172-3.
persecution of, in 1391, =4=, 167-73.
existence of, endangered by the forced converts, =4=, 179, 180.
recognize Solomon Levi as their enemy, =4=, 185-6.
take refuge in northern Africa, =4=, 197-8.
crusade against, by Vincent Ferrer, =4=, 202-3.
conversion of, planned by Benedict XIII, =4=, 206-7.
take refuge in Portugal, =4=, 218.
send delegates to Martin V, =4=, 219.
intellectual decadence of, in the fifteenth century, =4=,
228, 229-30.
hatred of, increases in the fifteenth century, =4=, 248.
the object of papal hatred, =4=, 254.
privileges of, abolished by Nicholas V, =4=, 254.
charged with child murder, =4=, 276.
measures proposed against, by Alfonso de Spina, =4=, 277.
and the Inquisition, =4=, 308.
intimate relations of, with the Marranos, =4=, 334-5.
amenities of the position of, under Ferdinand and Isabella, =4=,
336.
taxed for the war with Granada, =4=, 344.
expulsion of, decided on, =4=, 346.
proclamation expelling, =4=, 347-8.
losses sustained by, on their expulsion, =4=, 349-50.
attempts to convert, after the promulgation of the edict, =4=, 350.
steadfastness of, =4=, 350-1.
solidarity of, =4=, 351.
settlement of, in Portugal, negotiated for, =4=, 352.
leave Spain, =4=, 352-3.
effect of the expulsion of, =4=, 353-4.
expulsion of, censured by European princes, =4=, 356.
last remnant of, banished, =5=, 169.
history of, by S. D. Luzzatto, =5=, 624, 625.
_See also under_ Aragon, Castile, etc.; Inquisition, the;
Marranos, the.
=Spain, Andalusian, the Jews of=, admitted to state offices under
Moslem rule, =3=, 234-5.
characteristics of, in the tenth and eleventh centuries, =3=,
235-6.
nobility of, =3=, 235-6.
position of, in foreign communities, =3=, 236.
heirs of Judæa, Babylonia, and northern Africa, =3=, 254.
=Spain, Christian=, divided against itself in the twelfth
century, =3=, 316.
the Jews in the kingdoms of, =3=, 383-4.
=Spain, Jewish=, importance of, =3=, 41-2.
=Spain, Jewish, center of=, at Cordova under Chasdaï Ibn-Shaprut, =3=,
217.
at Granada under Samuel Ibn-Nagrela, =3=, 259.
at Seville under Isaac Ibn-Albalia, =3=, 284.
=Spain, Mahometan, the Jews of=, well treated, =3=, 110.
sympathize with the false Messiah Serene, =3=, 121.
=Spain, northern=, lacks Talmud schools in the twelfth century, =3=,
322.
refuge of the Jews banished from England, =3=, 646.
taken by Henry de Trastamare, =4=, 124.
=Spain, northern, the Jews of=, exposed to persecution in the
fourteenth century, =4=, 53.
suffering of, during the Pastoureaux rising, =4=, 57.
institute fasts to avert the Black Death persecutions, =4=, 100.
=Spain, southern=, Judæans in, =2=, 203.
=Spain, southern, the Jews of=, devoted to science and poetry in the
eleventh century, =3=, 281, 289, 290.
intermarry with Christians and Mahometans, =3=, 527.
=Spain, Visigothic, the Jews of=, send names for mention at the
memorial services of the Babylonian academies, =3=, 101.
forcibly converted under Chintila, =3=, 101.
under Chindaswinth, =3=, 101-2.
forced to profess Christianity under Receswinth, =3=, 102-4.
revolt against Wamba, =3=, 104-5.
publish anti-Christian treatises, =3=, 105.
under Erwig, =3=, 106-7.
under Egica forbidden to possess real estate, =3=, 107-8.
conspire against the Visigothic empire, =3=, 108.
enslaved, =3=, 108.
aid Tarik against Spain, =3=, 109.
aid Muza Ibn-Nosair, =3=, 109.
=Spalding=, approves of Mendelssohn’s views on church discipline, =5=,
363.
translates Wessely’s “Songs of Glory,” =5=, 404.
=Spanish America=, laws of Alfonso V in force in, =3=, 596.
=Spanish Caliphate=, the. _See_ Ommiyyades, the.
=Spanish exiles=, the, in Navarre, =4=, 357-8.
go to Italy, Africa, Turkey, =4=, 358, 383, 400.
in Naples, =4=, 358-61.
suffer from the plague in Naples, =4=, 359-60.
in Pisa, =4=, 360.
in Africa, =4=, 361-2.
sufferings of, =4=, 362, 383.
in Genoa, =4=, 362-3.
on the Greek islands, =4=, 363-4.
in Turkey, =4=, 364, 400-5.
in Portugal, =4=, 365-81.
permitted to settle in Portugal, =4=, 368.
leave Portugal, =4=, 369.
suffering of, on leaving Portugal, =4=, 369-70.
in Portugal sold as slaves, =4=, 371.
children of, sent to San Thomas, =4=, 371.
accept baptism under Manoel of Portugal, =4=, 378.
looked upon as the Jewish nobility, =4=, 382-3.
distinction of manner of, =4=, 387-8.
purity of language of, =4=, 388.
love of, for the Spanish, =4=, 388, 421.
superiority of, admitted by other Jews, =4=, 389.
prominence of, =4=, 389.
of distinction in Africa, =4=, 389-96.
religious severity of, =4=, 395.
in Palestine, =4=, 396-9.
in Syria, =4=, 399-400.
in Constantinople, split up into national groups, =4=, 402.
in Salonica, =4=, 404-5.
in Asia Minor, =4=, 405-6.
in Italy, =4=, 407-10.
do not settle in Germany, =4=, 413.
narrow-mindedness of, =4=, 479.
carry the Kabbala to Italy and Turkey, =4=, 481.
=Spanish language=, the, spoken by Sephardic Jews after their exile,
=4=, 387, 388, 421.
=Spanish poetry=, influenced by Judæo-Christian satirists, =4=, 181.
=Spanish preachers=, sermons of, pedantic, =4=, 478.
=Spanish satirists=, use Hebrew words, =4=, 181.
=Spanish translation= of the Bible, by Abraham Usque, =4=, 475.
=Speeth, John Peter= (Moses Germanus), becomes a Jew, =5=, 177, 178.
disproves the blood accusation, =5=, 178.
=Speyer=, Rashi studies Talmud at, =3=, 286.
the congregation of, one of the three oldest in Germany, =3=, 518.
decisions of, =4=, 135.
Reuchlin and Hoogstraten tried at, =4=, 454-5.
=Speyer, the Jews of=, kindly treated by Bishop Rüdiger, =3=,
297, 298.
defended by Bishop Johannsen, =3=, 300-1.
emigrate to Syria, =3=, 637.
persecuted on the charge of well poisoning, =4=, 107-8.
=Spina, Alfonso de.= _See_ Alfonso de Spina.
=Spinoza, Baruch= (1632-1677), pupil of the Amsterdam Talmud
Torah, =4=, 682.
fearlessness of, =5=, 86.
youth of, =5=, 87.
teachers of, =5=, 87.
companions of, =5=, 87-8.
studies the old Jewish philosophers, =5=, 88.
learns Latin, =5=, 88.
scientific pursuits of, =5=, 89.
scepticism of, =5=, 89-90.
renounces Judaism, =5=, 90.
tried by the rabbis, =5=, 92.
laid under the lesser ban, =5=, 93.
refuses the conditions of the rabbis, =5=, 93.
life of, attempted, =5=, 93-4.
leaves Amsterdam, =5=, 94.
laid under the greater ban, =5=, 94.
writes a pamphlet justifying himself, =5=, 95.
supports himself by polishing lenses, =5=, 95.
“The Theologico-Political Treatise” by, =5=, 95-107, 108.
finds the source of law in might, =5=, 96-7.
hostile to Jews and Judaism, =5=, 97-8, 101-3.
on God, =5=, 98-9.
on man, =5=, 99-100.
on knowledge, =5=, 100-1.
on Christianity, =5=, 102-3.
on the Jewish state, =5=, 103-7.
peaceableness of, =5=, 107, 109.
refuses a pension, =5=, 107.
refuses a professorship, =5=, 108.
publishes his “Treatise” anonymously, =5=, 108.
attack by, upon Judaism leaves the Amsterdam Marranos unaffected,
=5=, 117.
compared with Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 118.
on the Sabbatian movement, =5=, 138, 142.
letter to, on the Sabbatian movement, =5=, 139.
publishes his Ethics, =5=, 167.
death of, =5=, 167.
refuted by Isaac Orobio de Castro, =5=, 167.
influences Richard Simon, =5=, 178.
system of, repugnant to Mendelssohn, =5=, 299.
=Spinozism=, Lessing charged with, =5=, 372.
=Spira, Nathan=, Palestinian emissary at Reggio, =5=, 126.
“=Spirit of the Laws=,” by Montesquieu, =5=, 336.
=Sprinz, David=, rabbi of Nuremberg, defends Israel Bruna, =4=, 302.
=Stambuli, Aaron=, of Damascus, accused of ritual murder, =5=, 638.
=Stamford=, the Jews of, persecution of, =3=, 412.
=Stanislaus Augustus Poniatowski=, of Poland, forbids the meeting of
the synod of the Four Countries, =5=, 387.
=Starodub=, the Jews of, massacred by Haidamaks, =5=, 10.
=States General=, the Dutch, forbids the sale of Spinoza’s “Treatise,”
=5=, 108.
=Stättigkeit.= _See_ Judenstättigkeit.
=Steel=, Lord Chief Baron, on the commission for the Jewish
question, =5=, 43.
=Steinheim, Solomon Ludwig= (1790-1866), physician, emphasizes the
mission of the Jew, =5=, 602-3.
first work by, =5=, 603-4.
deplores the estrangement of the Jews, =5=, 603-4.
second work by, =5=, 604-6.
contrasts heathenism and Judaism, =5=, 604-5.
keeps aloof from the Jewish community, =5=, 606.
externally faithful to Judaism, =5=, 607.
expounds Jewish religious philosophy, =5=, 699.
=Stephanus=, governor of Palæstina Prima, oppresses the Jews, =3=,
16.
killed by the Samaritans, =3=, 17.
widow of, reports his death at Constantinople, =3=, 17.
=Stephen=, of England, protects the Jews from the crusaders, =3=, 356.
=Stephen=, Greek Judæan, stoned for blasphemy, =2=, 221.
=Stern=, lecturer in Berlin, founds the Reform Association, =5=, 683.
=Stoic system=, the, and Meïr, =2=, 438.
=Strabo=, geographer, friendly to the Judæans, =2=, 179-80.
=Strasburg=, the Jews of, protected by the councilors during the
Black Death persecutions, =4=, 106.
the representatives of, plead the cause of the Benfelden
Jews, =4=, 107.
the Jews of, burnt, =4=, 108.
the theological faculty of, forbids the employment of Jewish
physicians, =4=, 692.
Jews under restrictions in, =5=, 349.
Jews not allowed to live in, =5=, 430.
Jews drawn to, by Cerf Berr, =5=, 431.
objects to the presence of Jews, =5=, 447, 476.
the Jews of, compelled to violate the Sabbath, =5=, 451.
culture of the Jews of, =5=, 476.
citizens of, prejudice Napoleon against the Jews, =5=, 476-7.
=Straton=, the tower of, scene of Antigonus’ murder, =2=, 38.
beautified by Herod, =2=, 106.
_See_ Cæsarea.
=Strauss, David=, predecessor of, =5=, 179.
=Streckfuss=, opponent of the Jews, =5=, 602.
“=Strengthening= of Faith, The,” by Isaac Troki, =4=, 648-9.
“=Stübel=,” the Zaddik’s room, =5=, 382.
=Sturm, Gosse=, asserts the innocence of the Jews in the charge of
well poisoning, =4=, 106.
deposed, =4=, 108.
=Styria, the Jews of=, urged to emigrate to Turkey, =4=, 271-2.
expelled by Maximilian I, =4=, 427.
=Suabia, the Jews of=, suffer during the Armleder persecutions, =4=,
97.
during the Black Death persecutions, =4=, 110.
persecuted, =4=, 163.
expelled, =4=, 307, 413.
find a refuge in Poland, =4=, 420.
=Suabian League=, the, Reuchlin counselor of, =4=, 435.
=Suasso, Isaac= (Antonio), advances money to William III, of
England, =5=, 205.
=Suevi=, the, antagonistic to the Catholics, =3=, 44.
=Suger=, Abbot, prevents a persecution of the Jews of France, =3=,
351.
=Sulami, Samuel.= _See_ Samuel Sulami.
=Sulchat= (Solgat, Eski-Crimea), Jews of the Byzantine empire settle
in, =3=, 123.
a Karaite community in, in the ninth century, =3=, 182.
Karaite center, =4=, 71.
=Suleiman=, Barbary chieftain, takes Cordova, =3=, 255, 262.
=Suliman=, Ommiyyade caliph, tolerance of, =3=, 110.
patron of learning, =3=, 110.
=Sullam, Jacob=, husband of Sarah, =5=, 69.
=Sullam, Sarah Copia= (1600-1641), poetess, education of, =5=, 69.
addresses Ansaldo Ceba, =5=, 69.
resists attempts to convert her, =5=, 69-70.
accused of denying the immortality of the soul, =5=, 70.
honored by Leo Modena, =5=, 70.
=Sully=, the Jews of, attacked by crusaders, =3=, 356.
=Sulzer=, musician in Vienna, =5=, 581.
“=Summons=,” addressed to the princes of Europe by Michael
Berr, =5=, 460.
=Sumptuary laws=, against the Jews of Castile, =4=, 138-9, 203-4,
205-6, 275-6.
=Sunna=, Mahometan tradition, =3=, 110.
=Superstitious usages=, among Jews, =5=, 201-2.
=Surenhuysius, William=, translates the Mishna into Latin, =5=,
193-4.
enthusiasm of, for the Jews, =5=, 194.
=Suriel=, name of an angel, =1=, 403.
=Susa=, the goddess of love worshiped in, =1=, 408.
the inhabitants of, force Antiochus Epiphanes to retreat, =1=, 477.
the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 434-5.
=Susannah, the Book of=, translated into Greek, =2=, 359.
admitted into the canon by Christians, =2=, 488.
=Susiana=, Armenian Jews colonized in, by Shabur II, =2=, 591.
=Suson, Diego de=, Marrano, burnt at the stake, =4=, 317.
=Süsskind (Süzkint) of Trimberg=, minnesinger, poetry of, =3=, 420.
=Suwailim=, of Medina, harbors conspirators against Mahomet, =3=, 84.
=Sviatislav=, of Kief, drives the Chazars from their land, =3=, 222.
=Swaber, Peter=, asserts the innocence of the Jews in the charge of
well poisoning, =4=, 106.
deposed, =4=, 108.
=Sweden=, the Protestant Reformation in, =4=, 469.
=Swedes=, the, treat the Jews of Mayence well, =4=, 707.
=Swieden, van=, opposes the emancipation of the Jews, =5=, 453-4.
=Swintila=, Visigothic king, repeals anti-Jewish laws, =3=, 49.
dethroned, =3=, 49.
=Switzerland=, the Black Death persecutions in, =4=, 103-5.
the Protestant Reformation in, =4=, 469.
the Jews of, assisted by Mendelssohn, =5=, 344.
=Sylvester=, bishop of Rome, asperses Judaism, =2=, 562.
=Symmachos=, translation of the Scriptures by, used by Origen, =2=,
489.
=Symmachos ben Joseph=, disciple of Meïr, a sophist, =2=, 440.
=Synagogue poetry.= _See_ Liturgical poetry.
=Synagogues=, established in the Sopheric age, =1=, 401.
service at the, =1=, 401.
for foreigners in Jerusalem, =2=, 201.
desecration of, punished by the emperors, =2=, 193, 614, 616,
621-2.
turned into churches, =3=, 26; =4=, 196, 354.
destroyed under Hakim, =3=, 248.
the desecration of, forbidden by Martin V, =4=, 220.
=Synagogues, building of, forbidden= by Theodosius II, =2=,
617; =3=, 28.
by Justinian I, =3=, 10.
by Theodoric, =3=, 30.
by Gregory I, =3=, 34.
by Omar I, =3=, 87.
by Omar II, =3=, 120.
in England, =3=, 516.
by Alfonso X, =3=, 595.
by Eugenius IV, =4=, 250.
in Hamburg, =4=, 688.
=Synagogues, noteworthy=, in Alexandria, =2=, 183.
in Cordova, =3=, 360.
in Toledo, =3=, 384; =4=, 119.
of Moses, =3=, 445.
on Mt. Zion, =4=, 273-4.
in Amsterdam, =4=, 667, 671, 678, 680; =5=, 166-7.
in Hamburg, =4=, 689, 691.
=Synagogues, private=, in Berlin, =5=, 191, 563.
=Synhedrion=, a, established in five towns of Judæa, =2=, 71.
at Nahar Pakod, =2=, 443-4.
the establishment of, a condition of the Messianic time, =4=, 530.
necessity for the establishment of, =4=, 530, 535.
importance of, =4=, 532.
the revival of, antagonized, =4=, 534-5.
=Synhedrion, the French=, the convening of, proposed by Napoleon, =5=,
493.
constitution of, similar to that of the ancient body, =5=, 493.
approved by the Assembly of Notables, =5=, 493.
composition of, =5=, 493.
proclaimed by the Assembly of Notables, =5=, 494.
creates interest in Europe, =5=, 494.
the assembling of, =5=, 495.
officers of, =5=, 495.
second sitting of, =5=, 496.
addresses and messengers to, =5=, 496.
powers and justification of, =5=, 496.
speeches delivered before, =5=, 497.
decisions of, =5=, 497.
action of, displeases Jews in general, =5=, 497.
dissolution of, =5=, 498.
=Synhedrion, the Great=, reorganized, =2=, 49, 50.
the traditional code introduced into, =2=, 50.
divorce law of, =2=, 50.
institutes the half-Shekel contribution to the Temple treasury, =2=,
52.
forbids the breeding of swine, =2=, 60.
under Aulus Gabinius, =2=, 71.
summons Herod to answer for the execution of Ezekias, =2=, 78.
discusses the Paschal sacrifice on the Sabbath, =2=, 99.
tries and condemns Jesus, =2=, 163-4.
authority of, wanes under the Roman rule, =2=, 129.
under Gamaliel I, =2=, 192-3.
power of, diminished under Herod II, =2=, 198.
the legislative body for the dispersed Judæans, =2=, 201.
transferred from Jerusalem to Bethany, =2=, 239-40.
re-established after the defeat of Cestius, =2=, 268-9.
supremacy of, under Simon ben Gamaliel, =2=, 271.
decrees the deposition of Josephus, =2=, 281.
envoys of, deceived by Josephus, =2=, 282.
envoys of, sent back in chains, =2=, 283.
aid asked of, by Josephus against Vespasian, =2=, 286.
suspected of Roman proclivities, =2=, 293-4.
formed by the Zealots, =2=, 296.
ceases with the fall of Jerusalem, =2=, 322.
meetings of, interrupted after the fall of Bethar, =2=, 423.
seats of, after its dissolution at Usha, =2=, 452.
completeness of, at Sepphoris, =2=, 452.
invests Judah I with sovereign power, =2=, 452-3.
in Galilee, =2=, 458.
pronounces the Samaritans heathens, =2=, 534.
resolutions of, announced to distant communities, =2=, 535.
end of, under Constantius, =2=, 567.
members of, favor a fixed calendar, =2=, 573.
and the smaller in Babylonia, =3=, 96.
_See also_ Council, the Great, of Seventy.
=Synhedrion, the, of Jamnia=, established by Jochanan ben
Zakkai, =2=, 325.
called Beth-Din, =2=, 325.
tries to reconcile the schools of Hillel and Shammai, =2=, 337-8.
revises Gamaliel II’s laws, =2=, 342.
members of, =2=, 357.
supremacy of, =2=, 359, 360.
order of proceedings in, =2=, 361-2.
the unity in, admired by Peter, =2=, 367-8.
discusses the Jewish-Christians, =2=, 379-80.
destroyed by Lucius Quietus, =2=, 400.
=Synhedrion, the, of Usha=, ordinances of, =2=, 405.
provides against the spread of the worship of Jesus, =2=, 413.
dissension in, =2=, 444-6.
dissolved, =2=, 448.
=Synhedrion, the, presidents of=, the family of Bene Bathyra, =2=,
90.
the descendants of Hillel, =2=, 130.
reverence paid to, =2=, 360.
rights of, =2=, 360-1.
duties of, =2=, 361.
fix the calendar, =2=, 362-3.
_See_ Patriarchs, the.
=Synhedrion, the, presidents of=, list of:
Abtalion,
Gamaliel I,
Hillel,
Joshua ben Chananya,
Judah ben Tabbaï,
Menahem,
Shammai,
Shemaya,
Simon I,
Simon II,
Simon ben Shetach.
_See_ Patriarchs, the, list of.
=Synod of the Four Countries=, the. _See_ Four Countries,
the synod of.
=Synod, the Galilean=, the second assembly of teachers of the Law at
Usha, =2=, 434.
=Synods.= _See_ Rabbinical synods.
=Syria=, conquered by Alexander the Great, =1=, 412.
end of the Seleucidæan dynasty of, =2=, 6.
Judæans in, make the half-Shekel contribution to the Temple, =2=,
52.
Judæa part of, under Roman rule, =2=, 128.
number of Judæans in, =2=, 201.
rights of Judæans in, =2=, 202.
Judæans of, go to Jerusalem for the Passover of 66, =2=, 251.
devastated by the king of Parthia, =2=, 447.
depredations in, by Odenathus, =2=, 527.
succumbs to the Arabs, =3=, 86.
the Karaites spread to, in the ninth century, =3=, 182.
part of the Fatimide Caliphate, =3=, 248.
the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 426-7.
Spanish spoken in, by the exiles, =4=, 387.
the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 399-400.
_See_ Damascus; the kings of Aram and of the Seleucidæan
dynasty, etc.
=Syria, the Roman governors (legates, prætors) of=, list of:
Cæsar, Sextus
Cassius Longinus, Caius
Cassius Longinus, Caius
Cornelianus, Atidius
Crassus,
Flaccus,
Gabinius, Aulus
Gallus, Cestius
Marsus, Vibius
Mucianus, Licinius
Petronius,
Quadratus, Umidius
Quirinius,
Scaurus,
Varus, Quintilius,
Vitellius.
_See also_ Judæa, the Roman governors of; Procurators, the, of
Judæa.
=Syriac=, despised by Judah I, =2=, 461.
=Syroes=, son of Chosru II, revolts against his father, =3=, 22.
makes peace with Heraclius, =3=, 22.
=T=
=Tabæ=, Antiochus IV dies at, =1=, 477.
=Taberistan=, home of Jewish physicians in the ninth century, =3=,
146.
David Alrui in prison in, =3=, 432.
=Tabernacle=, the, at Shiloh destroyed by the Philistines, =1=, 71.
=Tabernacles, the Feast of=, celebrated at Jerusalem under Ezra and
Nehemiah, =1=, 380.
as celebrated in the Second Temple, =2=, 51.
wreath of, abolished by Anan ben David, =3=, 132.
confiscation of prayer books on, =4=, 430.
=Tabi=, favorite slave of Gamaliel II, =2=, 336.
“=Tables= of Testimony, The,” defense by Eibeschütz, =5=, 270.
=Tables= of the Seven Planets, by Abraham Zacuto, =4=, 367.
=Tables= of the Testimony, the, =1=, 22.
=Tabor=, mountain, description of, =1=, 44.
considered holy by the Canaanites, =1=, 51.
Alexander, son of Aristobulus II, defeated at, =2=, 73.
fortress of, in possession of the Zealots, =2=, 289.
fortress of, taken by the Romans, =2=, 290.
fire signals on, =2=, 363.
=Tabyome.= _See_ Mar bar Ashi.
=Tab-Yomi.= _See_ Lipmann of Mühlhausen.
=Tachkemoni=, satirical romance by Solomon Ibn-Sakbel, =3=, 318.
romance by Jehuda Alcharisi, =3=, 559.
=Tachos=, king of Egypt, at war with Artaxerxes II, =1=, 408.
=Tachpanches.= _See_ Taphnai.
=Tacitus=, historian, on the conversions to Judaism, =2=, 384.
=Tadmor.= _See_ Palmyra.
=Tafilet=, the Jews of, fortunes of, =5=, 168.
=Taima=, castle of Shoraich, =3=, 70.
submits to Mahomet, =3=, 83.
the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 437.
=Taku.= _See_ Moses ben Chasdaï Taku.
=Talleyrand=, speaks to the National Assembly in behalf of the
Bordeaux Jews, =5=, 442.
reactionary leader, =5=, 512.
=Talmai=, of Geshur, protects Absalom, =1=, 134.
=Talmas=, the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 437.
=Talmide Chachamim=, disciples of the wise, =1=, 396.