Alfassi, =3=, 310.
and Joseph Ibn-Sahal, =3=, 314.
parentage of, =3=, 318-19.
early history of, =3=, 319.
compared with Solomon Ibn-Gebirol, =3=, 319.
style of, =3=, 319-20.
song cycle by, =3=, 320.
liturgical poems by, =3=, 320.
on the poetic art, =3=, 320.
as a philosopher, =3=, 320.
contemporary fame of, =3=, 321.
elegy by, on his lady-love, =3=, 321.
tribute to, by Jehuda Halevi, =3=, 321.
friendship of, with Jehuda Halevi, =3=, 323.
and Abraham Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 367.
=Moses Ibn-Tibbon= (1250-1285), physician in Montpellier, =3=, 582.
=Moses Ibn-Yachya=, philanthropist, =4=, 609.
=Moses Abudiel=, prominent at the court of Alfonso XI of Castile,
=4=, 84, 86.
institutes a fast, =4=, 85.
=Moses Almosnino=, scientist in Salonica, =4=, 405.
preacher, as historian of Turkey, =4=, 607-8.
=Moses Bashyasi=, Karaite, permits lights on the Sabbath, =4=, 269.
=Moses Basula=, elegy on, by Leo Modena, =5=, 65.
=Moses Botarel=, Kabbalist, announces himself as the Messiah, =4=,
197.
=Moses Cohen de Tordesillas=, Jewish champion at the disputation of
Avila, =4=, 141.
debates with a disciple of Alfonso Burgensis, =4=, 141-2.
=Moses Gerundensis.= _See_ Moses ben Nachman.
=Moses Hamon.= _See_ Hamon, Moses.
=Moses Iskafat Meles=, opponent of science, =4=, 44-5.
=Moses Kapsali= (1420-1495), chief rabbi of Turkey, dignities and
functions of, =4=, 268-9.
opinion of, on the study of the Talmud by Karaites, =4=, 270-1.
raises money for the relief of the Spanish exiles, =4=, 364.
death of, =4=, 402.
=Moses Kimchi= (1170-1190), grammarian and exegete, =3=, 393.
grammar of, printed by Justiniani, =4=, 474.
=Moses Meïr Kamenker=, Sabbatian, spreads Sabbatianism, =5=, 228-9.
doctrines of, =5=, 229.
regarded as the Messiah, =5=, 230.
sentence pronounced on, =5=, 230.
=Moses Menz=, Talmudist, in Posen, =4=, 294.
=Moses Navarro=, chief rabbi of Portugal, =4=, 173.
=Moses Uri Halevi= (1544-1620), advises the Portuguese Marranos to go
to Amsterdam, =4=, 665.
teacher and rabbi of the Marranos, =4=, 665.
imprisoned, =4=, 666.
activity of, =4=, 671.
=Moses Vital=, sells Isaac Lurya’s manuscripts, =5=, 53.
=Moses Zacuto= (1630-1697), Kabbalist, pupil of the Amsterdam Talmud
Torah, =4=, 682.
mysticism of, =5=, 87-8.
encourages the Sabbatian movement in Venice, =5=, 138.
superstition of, =5=, 201-2.
=Moses Weil.= _See_ Weil, Moses.
=Moses Zarzel=, physician to Henry III of Castile, Spanish
poet, =4=, 190.
=Moslems=, disciples of Mahomet, =3=, 73. _See_ Mahometans, the.
=Mostarabi=, the, the original Jewish community in Egypt, ruled by
the Spanish exiles, =4=, 395.
=Mosul (New Nineveh), the Jews of=, in the twelfth century,
=3=, 429-30.
ignorance of, =3=, 430.
invited by Alrui to join him, =3=, 431.
“=Mourners of Zion=,” the, =1=, 338; =3=, 182, 362, 437.
=Mourning=, signs of, decreed under Hadrian, =2=, 400, 420.
=Mourning customs=, regulated by Gamaliel II, =2=, 404.
abolished in the time of Judah II, =2=, 484-5.
=Mozarabs=, the, Christians living among Mahometans, lose their
identity, =3=, 215.
conspire against the Mahometans of Granada, =3=, 316.
=Moznaim=, grammatical work by Abraham Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 371.
=Mucate, Jacob=, Marrano in Pernambuco, =4=, 693.
=Mucianus, Licinius=, governor of Syria, under Nero, =2=, 284.
won over to Vespasian’s side, =2=, 300.
=Mujahid=, prince of Denia, patron of Yizchaki, =3=, 273.
=Muley Abu-Abdallah= (Boabdil), last king of Granada, secret treaty
of, with Ferdinand and Isabella, =4=, 345.
goes to Africa, =4=, 345.
=Muley Arshid=, sultan of Morocco, oppresses the Jews, =5=, 168.
=Muley Ismail=, sultan of Morocco, patron of the Jews, =5=, 168.
=Müller, Adam=, reactionary leader, =5=, 477.
representative of the romantic school, =5=, 516.
=Müller, Johannes von=, Swiss historian, on the emancipation of the
Jews, =5=, 359.
assists in framing the Westphalian constitution, =5=, 500.
=Mulot=, Abbé, president of the Assembly of the Paris Commune, on the
emancipation of the Jews, =5=, 443-4, 445.
=Munich, the Jews of=, charged with the blood accusation, =3=, 636-7.
perish during the Black Death persecutions, =4=, 110.
=Munk, Solomon= (1802-1867), scholar, accompanies Crémieux to
Egypt, =5=, 658.
discovers Mehmet Ali’s subterfuge, =5=, 660.
exhorts the Egyptian Jews to establish schools, =5=, 663.
establishes schools in Cairo, =5=, 664.
reconciles Karaites with Rabbanites, =5=, 664.
character and learning of, =5=, 664-5.
Arabic attainments of, =5=, 665.
blindness of, =5=, 665.
studies of, on the Jewish Middle Ages, =5=, 665-6.
Karaite studies of, =5=, 666.
scientific results of the Eastern trip of, =5=, 666.
on the Damascus affair, =5=, 671-2.
expounds Jewish religious philosophy, =5=, 699.
=Münster, Sebastian=, prosecutes Hebrew studies, =4=, 434.
translates Elias Levita’s Hebrew grammar, =4=, 472.
=Murad III=, son of Selim II, becomes sultan, =3=, 627.
gives Joseph Nassi land near the Sea of Tiberias, =4=, 596.
confiscates Joseph Nassi’s property, =4=, 628.
influence of Jewish women under, =4=, 629.
=Murad el Fallat=, Turkish servant of a Damascus Jew, tortured, =5=,
637, 638.
=Murcia=, embassy to, under Solomon Ibn-Farussal, =3=, 312.
the Jews of, taxed under Sancho, =3=, 617.
=Murder=, laws against, inviolate under all circumstances, =2=, 424.
=Murex=, a dye, =1=, 3.
=Murviedro=, the Jews of, spared in the persecution of 1391, =4=, 171.
=Musa (Mesvi) of Akbara=, founds a Karaite sect, =3=, 157.
=Musaphia, Benjamin= (Dionysius, 1616-1676), physician to Christian
IV of Denmark, =4=, 692.
philologist and rabbi, =5=, 115.
unaffected by Spinoza’s attack upon Judaism, =5=, 117.
Sabbatian, =5=, 139.
sends a letter of homage to Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 155.
clings to Sabbataï after his apostasy, =5=, 161.
=Mushka=, a Judghanite, tries to force rationalistic doctrines upon
the Jews, =3=, 150.
=Mustapha Pasha=, deputy vizir, cross-examines Sabbataï Zevi, =5=,
147.
Sabbataï betrayed to, =5=, 153.
=Mutafarrica=, the, Turkish life guard, Joseph Nassi a member
of, =4=, 595.
=Mutazilists=, (heretics), the, the theology of, =3=, 147.
method of, borrowed by Saadiah, =3=, 197.
teachings of, foster unbelief, =3=, 199.
=Muza Ibn-Nosair=, governor of Africa, aided by the Jews of
Spain, =3=, 109.
=Mylitta=, Assyrian goddess of love, worshiped in Israel, =1=, 247.
image of, in the Temple under Manasseh, =1=, 282.
temple of, in Philistia, burnt, =1=, 287.
=Mysticism=, in Judaism, =3=, 152-4.
denounced by Haï Gaon, =3=, 251-2.
_See_ Kabbala, the.
=Mytilene=, the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 424.
=N=
=Naamah=, first wife of Solomon, =1=, 161.
=Naaman=, Syrian general, confesses the God of Israel, =1=, 224.
=Naar, Isaac=, mystic, companion of Spinoza, =5=, 88.
induces Spinoza to betray his unbelief, =5=, 92.
Sabbatian, =5=, 139.
prepares to join Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 150.
encourages the Sabbatian movement in Italy, =5=, 160.
=Naarda.= _See_ Nahardea.
=Naasites=, a Gnostic sect, =2=, 375.
=Nabathæans= (Nabatæans), the, contributions levied on, by
Hyrcanus, =1=, 437.
dispossess the Idumæans, =1=, 474; =2=, 8.
friendly to the Hasmonæans, =1=, 491.
_See also_ Aretas; Malich; Obeda.
=Nabonad=, a Babylonian noble, usurps the throne, =1=, 342.
permits native kings to rule Phœnicia, =1=, 342.
entreated to permit the return to Palestine, =1=, 342-3.
ally of Lydia and Egypt, =1=, 343.
persecutes the Judæans, =1=, 343-4.
indifferent about the war with Cyrus, =1=, 349.
=Nabopolassar=, of Babylon, independent of Assyria, =1=, 296.
puts an end to Assyria, =1=, 303.
=Naboth=, killed at the instigation of Jezebel, =1=, 202.
avenged, =1=, 211.
=Nachman ben Isaac= (280-356), Amora, principal of the Pumbeditha
academy, =2=, 593.
=Nachman ben Jacob= (235-324), Amora, =2=, 545.
summons Judah ben Ezekiel to justify his conduct, =2=, 552.
haughtiness of, =2=, 554-5.
treats his slaves inhumanly, =2=, 555.
introduces the oath of purgation, =2=, 556.
establishes a school at Shekan-Zib, =2=, 557.
=Nachman ben Samuel Levi=, Frankist rabbi, =5=, 275.
=Nachmani.= _See_ Moses ben Nachman.
=Nachshon ben Zadok= (881-889), Gaon of Sora, explains difficult
Talmudical words, =3=, 179.
discovers the key to the calendar, =3=, 179.
=Nachum of Gimso=, teacher of the Law, supplements Hillel’s rules of
interpretation, =2=, 330-1.
teacher of Akiba, =2=, 351.
=Nachum the Mede=, teacher of the Law at the fall of Jerusalem, =2=,
330.
=Nadab=, king of Israel, at war with the Philistines, =1=, 189.
death of, =1=, 189.
=Nagid=, title of Samuel Ibn-Nagrela, =3=, 259.
of Joseph Ibn-Nagrela, =3=, 274.
of Abu Mansur Samuel ben Chananya, =3=, 340.
_See also_ Nassi.
=Nagid= (Reïs), chief of the Egyptian Jews, authority of, =3=,
443; =4=, 392.
functions and privileges of, =4=, 393-4.
office of, abolished, =4=, 394.
_See also_ Nassi.
=Nahardea=, a district of Jewish Babylonia, =2=, 505.
=Nahardea= (city), treasure house in, for the half-Shekel
contribution to the Temple, =2=, 53.
Judæan center for Mesopotamia, =2=, 202.
center for the study of the Law, =2=, 358.
boundary of Babylonia in the most limited sense, =2=, 504.
a Babylonian Jerusalem, =2=, 505.
destroyed by Odenathus, =2=, 527.
the Amoraim of, flee, =2=, 527-8.
homage paid at, to the Exilarchs, =2=, 607.
=Nahardea, the academy of=, beginning of, =2=, 498-9.
the principal of, =2=, 512.
eclipsed by that of Sora, =2=, 522.
re-opened, =2=, 606.
=Nahardea, the academy of, principals of=, list of:
Amemar,
Samuel,
Shila.
=Nahar Malka=, a canal in Babylonia, =2=, 507.
=Naharowan=, the Exilarch’s income from, =3=, 96.
=Nahar-Pakod=, a Synhedrion established at, =2=, 443-4.
a district of Jewish Babylonia, =2=, 505.
=Nahar-Samara=, Ezra’s supposed grave at, =3=, 441.
=Nahash=, king of Ammon, invades the territories of Gad and
Manasseh, =1=, 80.
besieges Jabesh-Gilead, =1=, 89-90.
in friendly relations with David, =1=, 100.
death of, =1=, 126.
=Nahavendi, Benjamin.= _See_ Benjamin ben Moses of Nahavend.
=Najara=, prince of, converted to Christianity, =3=, 56.
=Najaran=, in Yemen, inhabited by Christians, =3=, 64.
besieged by Zorah Yussuf, =3=, 65.
heavy tribute laid on, =3=, 65.
Christians of, driven away, =3=, 85.
=Nancy, the Jews of=, threatened with pillage, =5=, 440.
compelled to attend the National Temple, =5=, 451.
=Naphtali= (mountain), description of, =1=, 44.
=Naphtali= (town), returned to Ahab, =1=, 205.
=Naphtali, the tribe of=, acquires land in the north, =1=, 37.
members of, join Gideon, =1=, 62.
mountainous lands of, subjugated, =1=, 191.
descendants of, near Nishabur, =3=, 433.
=Naples=, Jews in, in the sixth century, =3=, 28.
Jewish printing house in, =4=, 289.
the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 358-61.
the plague in, =4=, 359-60.
conquered by Charles VIII of France, =4=, 360.
occupied by the French, =4=, 384.
the Inquisition established at, =4=, 385.
Samuel II Abrabanel at, =4=, 409, 410.
the Marranos of, threatened with the Inquisition, =4=, 543.
=Naples, the Jews of=, support Theodatus, =3=, 31-2.
defend the city, =3=, 32.
bravery of, described by Procopius, =3=, 32.
in the twelfth century, =3=, 422, 424.
wear Jew badges, =3=, 518; =4=, 258.
help the Spanish exiles, =4=, 359.
banishment of, opposed by Gonsalvo de Cordova, =4=, 385.
annihilated, =4=, 408.
leave the city, =4=, 543-4.
=Napoleon Bonaparte=, victories of, in the East, =5=, 459-60.
at the summit of his power, =5=, 474.
dislikes the Jews, =5=, 474, 476-7.
lays the Jewish question before his council, =5=, 479.
opposes the Jews in his council, =5=, 480.
modifies his views on the Jews, =5=, 481.
conceives the idea of convening Jewish notables, =5=, 481-2.
expresses satisfaction with the Jewish Notables, =5=, 490, 492.
proposes the convening of a Synhedrion, =5=, 493.
unmindful of the Synhedrion, =5=, 496.
resolutions of the Synhedrion submitted to, =5=, 498.
Jewish legislation by, =5=, 498-9.
creates new states, =5=, 500.
the Russian campaign of, =5=, 510.
fall of, =5=, 510-11.
return of, from Elba, =5=, 518.
=Napoleon III=, emperor, protests in the Mortara case, =5=, 701.
=Napoleonic wars=, the, awaken a desire for culture in Galicia, =5=,
611, 612.
=Naraga=, canal near Nahardea, =2=, 505.
=Narbata=, the Judæans of Cæsarea flee to, =2=, 253.
=Narboni.= _See_ Moses ben Joshua Narboni.
=Narbonne= (city), the Jews of, expelled by Wamba, =3=, 105.
Machir founds a Talmud school at, =3=, 143.
Talmud study in, encouraged by Nathan ben Isaac Kohen, =3=, 208.
the Talmud school of, =3=, 242.
Abraham Ibn-Ezra at, =3=, 374.
principal Jewish community of southern France in, =3=, 392.
home of the Kimchi family, =3=, 392.
the Jews of, excommunicate Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 530.
the archbishop of, presides over the Council of Béziers, =3=, 581.
=Narbonne, the Council of=, forbids Psalm singing at Jewish funeral
services, =3=, 47.
confirms the decrees of the Fourth Lateran Council, =3=, 518.
=Narbonne= (province), Jews in, in the sixth century, =3=, 35.
=Narbonne (province), the Jews of=, enjoy equality under the early
Visigoths, =3=, 45.
punished for conspiring against Egica, =3=, 108.
the possessions of, presented to the Church, =3=, 175.
=Narcissus=, favorite of Claudius, opposes Agrippa II, =2=, 196.
=Nares=, a district of Jewish Babylonia, =2=, 505.
an academy founded in, =2=, 593.
=Narol=, the Jews of, massacred by the Cossacks, =5=, 11.
=Nasas=, Jewish family name in Palermo, =3=, 28.
synagogue erected by, razed, =3=, 33-4.
=Nassi=, the family of, traces descent from David, =3=, 43.
_See_ Mendes, Diogo; Francisco; Gracia; and Nassi, Joseph;
Reyna; Samuel.
=Nassi, Joseph= (João Miques), nephew of Gracia Mendesia, favorite of
Maria of the Netherlands, =4=, 572.
reported to have fled to Venice, =4=, 573.
intercedes with the sultan for Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 574.
brings Gracia Mendesia to Constantinople, =4=, 577.
marries Reyna Nassi, =4=, 577.
in favor with Sultan Solyman, =4=, 577, 594.
beneficence of, =4=, 577.
gives up the trade with Ancona, =4=, 579-80.
power of, =4=, 594.
partisan of Selim, =4=, 595.
member of the Mutafarrica, =4=, 595.
denounced by the European ambassadors, =4=, 595.
given a tract of land near the Sea of Tiberias, =4=, 596, 610.
antagonized by Mahomet Sokolli, =4=, 596.
made duke of Naxos, =4=, 596.
titles of, =4=, 596.
negotiates with Ferdinand I, =4=, 597.
seizes French merchant vessels, =4=, 597.
traduced by Daud, =4=, 598.
clears himself of the charges made by Daud, =4=, 599.
incites a war with Venice, =4=, 600.
appealed to, by European sovereigns, =4=, 601-2.
head of a Turkish party, =4=, 602.
hopes to found a Jewish state, =4=, 610-11.
rebuilds Tiberias, =4=, 610-11.
influence of, not permanent, =4=, 611.
supplanted by Mahomet Sokolli, =4=, 627.
death of, =4=, 627.
property of, confiscated, =4=, 628.
=Nassi, Reyna=, reported to have fled to Venice, =4=, 573.
the son of Moses Hamon sues for, =4=, 575.
betrothed to Joseph Nassi, =4=, 577.
sets up a Hebrew printing press, =4=, 628.
=Nassi, Samuel=, nephew of Gracia Mendesia, =4=, 577.
moves to Constantinople, =4=, 581.
=Nassi=, the, of the Great Council, a Pharisee, =2=, 49.
=Nassi=, name of the intercalary month in a lunar leap year, =3=, 59.
=Nassi=, prince, title of the president of the Synhedrion, =2=, 334.
of Isaac Ibn-Albalia, =3=, 283.
of Jehuda Ibn-Ezra, =3=, 361.
(Reïs), of the chief rabbi of the Cairo Karaites, =3=, 444.
_See also_ Nagid.
=Nassir Mahomet= (1299-1341), Mameluke sultan, the Jews of Palestine
under, =4=, 73.
=Naszi-Beth-Ab=, the head of the oldest family of a tribe, =1=, 122.
=Nathan=, the house of, junior branch of the house of David, power
of, =1=, 249.
=Nathan=, president of the school of Cordova, corrected by Moses ben
Chanoch, =3=, 209, 217.
=Nathan=, prophet, and David, =1=, 113.
rebukes David, =1=, 132-3.
parable by, =1=, 133.
forbids David to build a temple, =1=, 150-1.
opposed to Adonijah, =1=, 153.
anoints Solomon, =1=, 153.
=Nathan=, sheriff of Béziers, =3=, 395.
=Nathan=, son-in-law of Abba-Areka, Exilarch, =2=, 544.
=Nathan the Babylonian=, vice-president of the Synhedrion at Usha,
=2=, 434, 445.
teacher of the Law in Judæa, =2=, 442-3.
ambassador from Simon II, =2=, 443-4.
conspires against Simon II, =2=, 445.
proposed for the Patriarchate, =2=, 445.
expelled from the Synhedrion, =2=, 445.
at peace with Simon II, =2=, 446.
the last of the Tanaites, =2=, 462.
“=Nathan the Wise=,” by Lessing, Mendelssohn the hero of, =5=, 323.
story and characters of, =5=, 323-5.
effect produced by, =5=, 326-7.
=Nathan bar Assa=, disciple of Joseph ben Chiya, =2=, 582.
=Nathan ben Isaac Kohen=, emissary from Sora, settles at Narbonne,
=3=, 208.
founder of true Talmud study in Narbonne, =3=, 242.
=Nathan ben Yechiel=, of Rome, compiler of a Talmudic lexicon, =3=,
290, 421.
=Nathan ben Yehudaï=, titular Gaon of Sora, =3=, 192.
=Nathan Benjamin Levi= (Ghazati, 1644-1680), studies of, =5=, 130.
marriage of, =5=, 130.
follower of Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 130-1.
professes to be Elijah, =5=, 131.
Messianic speculations of, =5=, 131-2.
proclaims Gaza the Holy City, =5=, 132.
spreads abroad the Messiah’s fame, =5=, 137.
addresses circulars to Amsterdam and Hamburg, =5=, 138-9.
continues to proclaim Sabbataï as the Messiah after his
apostasy, =5=, 157.
excommunicated, =5=, 157, 159.
joins Sabbataï Zevi at Adrianople, =5=, 158-9.
in Salonica, the Greek Islands, and Italy, =5=, 160, 161.
death of, =5=, 161-2.
=Nathan Nata=, father of Jonathan Eibeschütz, =5=, 246.
=Nathaniel= (Abul Barkat Hibat-Allah ben Malka), physician in Bagdad,
apostate, =3=, 442.
writes a commentary on Ecclesiastes, =3=, 442.
=Nathaniel= (Hibat-Allah Ibn-Aljami), physician, Nagid of the
Egyptian Jews, =3=, 443.
=Nathaniel Ibn-Almali=, physician, translator of Maimonides’ Mishna
commentary, =4=, 60.
=National Assembly, the Batavian=, Jews keep aloof from, =5=, 454.
petitioned to emancipate the Jews, =5=, 455.
deputies to, oppose the emancipation of the Jews, =5=, 455-6.
establishes the emancipation of the Jews, =5=, 456.
Jewish deputies to, =5=, 458.
agrees to protect Dutch Jews in Germany, =5=, 458.
=National Assembly, the French=, champions of the Jews in, =5=, 435.
deputies to, instructed to attack the Jews, =5=, 436.
addressed on the subject of outrages upon Jews, =5=, 437.
Jewish deputies to, =5=, 438.
religious freedom discussed in, =5=, 439.
the Jewish question before, =5=, 439-441.
passes an equivocal resolution on the Jewish question, =5=, 442.
action of, objected to by the Bordeaux Jews, =5=, 442.
the emancipation of the Paris Jews demanded of, =5=, 445.
discusses finances, =5=, 446.
emancipates the Jews of France, =5=, 448.
=National Guard, the French=, joined by Jews, =5=, 438.
Jewish members of, petition the Paris Commune, =5=, 443.
=Natkes=, Galician scholar, excommunicated, =5=, 614.
style of, =5=, 617.
=Natronaï ben Chabibaï=, pretender to the Exilarchate, =3=, 137.
=Natronaï ben Nehemiah= (Mar-Yanka, 719-730), principal of the
Pumbeditha academy, on Serene’s adherents, =3=, 121-2.
=Natronaï II, son of Hillaï= (859-869), Gaon of Sora, corresponds in
Arabic, =3=, 178.
opposes the Karaites, =3=, 178.
=Naturalization Act=, the, for the Jews of England, =5=, 337-8.
=Navarre=, the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 352, 357-8.
=Navarre, the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 384.
take part in the Maimunist controversy, =3=, 536.
letter to, denouncing Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 544.
hated in the fourteenth century, =4=, 76.
feeling against, aroused by Pedro Olligoyen, =4=, 77-8.
under Philip III, =4=, 78.
settle in Aragon, =4=, 142.
=Navigation=, pursued by the Burgundian Jews, =3=, 35.
by the Jews of Tyre, =3=, 426.
=Naxos=, to be given to Joseph Nassi, =4=, 596.
Joseph Nassi made duke of, =4=, 596.
as a Jewish, state, =4=, 611.
=Nazarenes=, the, a sect of the early Christians, =2=, 168, 370.
take advantage of the leaning towards Judaism, =2=, 219.
increased by Essenes and Greek Judæans, =2=, 219.
persecuted by Paul, =2=, 222.
proselytize the Judæans in the Greek cities, =2=, 222.
in Antioch and Damascus, =2=, 222-3.
joined by Paul, =2=, 226.
displeased with Paul, =2=, 230.
separate wholly from the Jews, =2=, 371-2.
revile Judaism, =2=, 371-2.
disappearance of, =2=, 373.
merged into the Catholic Church, =2=, 500.
imprecation of, in the Jewish prayer book, =4=, 83.
_See also_ Jewish Christians, the; Judæan Christians, the.
=Nazareth=, birthplace of Jesus, =2=, 148, 149.
Jesus successful in, =2=, 153.
first church at, =2=, 565.
inhabited by Jews in the sixth century, =3=, 12.
the Jews of, join Sharbarza, =3=, 19.
=Nazarite practices=, under Simon the Just, =1=, 422.
=Neander, Augustus=, church historian, declares the groundlessness of
the blood accusation, =5=, 650.
=Neapolis.= _See_ Shechem.
=Neapolitanus=, deputy of Cestius Gallus in Jerusalem, =2=, 257.
=Nebuchadnezzar=, king of Babylonia, beginning of the career of,
=1=, 303-4.
Jehoiakim the vassal of, =1=, 306.
besieges Tyre, =1=, 306, 307.
ravages Judah, =1=, 306.
takes Judah, =1=, 307.
generals of, besiege Jerusalem, =1=, 307.
banishes Jehoiakim, =1=, 307.
makes Zedekiah king, =1=, 308.
subdues Judah, =1=, 311.
besieges Jerusalem, =1=, 311-14.
defeats Apries, =1=, 313.
generals of, take Jerusalem, =1=, 313-14.
beheads the dignitaries of Jerusalem at Riblah, =1=, 314.
blinds and exiles Zedekiah, =1=, 315.
appoints Gedaliah over the Palestinian Judæans, =1=, 319.
punishes the murder of Gedaliah, =1=, 325.
treats the Babylonian Judæans kindly, =1=, 329-30.
death of, =1=, 331.
=Nebuzaradan=, chief of Nebuchadnezzar’s guard, charged to destroy
Jerusalem, =1=, 315.
entrusts Zedekiah’s daughters to Gedaliah, =1=, 319.
exiles the last remnant of Judah, =1=, 325.
=Necho=, king of Egypt, defeats Josiah, =1=, 296-7.
makes Jehoiakim king, =1=, 299.
exacts tribute from Judah, =1=, 299.
=Nechunya=, abettor of Chananya at Nahar-Pakod, =2=, 443, 444.
=Nechunya ben Hakana=, teacher of the Law, adherent of Hillel’s
methods, =2=, 331.
reputed author of a Kabbalistic manuscript, =3=, 556.
=Neglib-Eddin=, supposed assassin of Mongols, =3=, 649.
=Negro.= _See_ Ibn-Yachya.
=Negropont=, the Jews of, in the twelfth century, =3=, 424.
the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 406.
=Nehemiah=, cup-bearer of Artaxerxes, appealed to by the Judæans, =1=,
372.
national enthusiasm of, =1=, 373.
governor of Judæa, =1=, 373.
journeys to Jerusalem, =1=, 374.
rebuilds the fortifications of Jerusalem, =1=, 374-5.
disturbed by Sanballat and Tobiah, =1=, 375-6.
rebukes the Judæans for the enslavement of the poor, =1=, 376-7.
unselfishness of, =1=, 377.
invites settlers to Jerusalem, =1=, 377-8.
exacts observance of the Law from the Judæans, =1=, 380-1.
consecrates the walls of Jerusalem, =1=, 381-2.
internal improvements by, =1=, 382-3.
returns to Persia, =1=, 383.
returns to Jerusalem, =1=, 385.
reforms the Judæan community, =1=, 385-8.
memoir of, =1=, 387-8.
formation of a Jewish sect under, =1=, 387.
=Nehemiah=, disciple of Akiba, returns to Judæa, =2=, 433.
=Nehemiah= (960-968), Gaon of Pumbeditha, position of, contested, =3=,
208.
=Nehemiah=, grandson of Abba-Areka, Exilarch, =2=, 544.
=Nehemiah=, teacher of the Law in Beth-Deli, =2=, 358.
=Nehemiah Ashkafa=, a Granada Jew, supports Balkim, =3=, 258.
=Nehushta=, mother of Jehoiachin, opposes Nebuchadnezzar, =1=, 306.
exiled, =1=, 307.
=Neidhard=, inquisitor-general, =5=, 169.
=Neïth=, queen of heaven, worshiped in Judæa, =1=, 300.
worshiped by Judæans in Egypt, =1=, 326-7.
=Nekelo=, chamberlain of the Duke of Austria, =3=, 567.
=Nemirov, the Jews of=, massacred by the Cossacks, =5=, 8-9.
the massacre of, commemorated, =5=, 13.
=Neo-Hebraic poetry=, the rise of, under Arabic influences,
=3=, 112-13.
subjects of, =3=, 113.
liturgical character of, =3=, 113.
form subservient to the subject-matter in, =3=, 115.
rhyme introduced into, =3=, 116.
suffers by the Maimunist controversy, =3=, 558-9.
the decay of, =3=, 560.
in the Persian khanate, =3=, 648.
as developed by Immanuel Romi, =4=, 63-4, 65, 67.
in Spain in the fifteenth century, =4=, 230, 231.
in Italy, =4=, 230-1.
_See also_ Poetry; Hebrew literature.