a prey to Kabbalistic influences, =5=, 233.
ancestry and early education of, =5=, 233.
poetic gifts of, =5=, 233-4.
studies in Hebrew meter by, =5=, 234.
composes a drama on Samson, =5=, 234.
style of, =5=, 234.
imitation of the psalter by, =5=, 234.
a second drama by, =5=, 235.
imitates the style of the Zohar, =5=, 235.
devoted to the Kabbala, =5=, 236.
writes a second Zohar, =5=, 237.
communicates his Kabbala to disciples, =5=, 237-8.
opposed by Moses Chages, =5=, 238.
refuses to justify himself, =5=, 238.
promises not to teach Kabbala in Europe, =5=, 239.
surrenders his writings to Bassan, =5=, 239.
publishes Kabbalistic writings, =5=, 239.
offends the Venetian rabbinate, =5=, 239-40.
accusations against, =5=, 240.
excommunicated by the Venetian rabbinate, =5=, 240, 242.
promises to give up Kabbala, =5=, 241.
received kindly at Amsterdam, =5=, 242.
supports himself by polishing lenses, =5=, 242.
publishes a drama, =5=, 242-4.
influence of, on the modern time, =5=, 244.
goes to Safet, =5=, 244.
death of, =5=, 244-5.
model of Bresselau, =5=, 398.
disciple of, =5=, 401.
=Luzzatto, Samuel David= (1800-1865), scholar, disinterestedness and
enthusiasm of, =5=, 622-23.
gifts of, =5=, 623.
poetry of, =5=, 623.
devotes himself to Biblical exegesis, =5=, 623.
view held by, of the Massora, =5=, 624.
historical studies of, =5=, 624-5.
as exegete, =5=, 695, 699.
=Luzzatto, Simone= (Simcha, 1590-1663), on usury, =5=, 41.
sceptic, =5=, 56.
member of the Venice rabbinate, =5=, 67.
attainments of, =5=, 80.
on the relation of faith to science, =5=, 80-1.
sobriety of, =5=, 81.
on Jewish rites, =5=, 81.
defends Judaism and the Jews, =5=, 81-4.
on the Talmud and Kabbala, =5=, 84.
moderation of, =5=, 84.
=Lybia=, the Jews of, rebel against Trajan, =2=, 394, 396.
=Lydda= (Diospolis), taken by the Samaritans, =1=, 410.
besieged by Alexander Jannæus, =2=, 45.
center for the teaching of the Law under Gamaliel II, =2=,
335, 346.
restored to Judæa by Cæsar, =2=, 76.
meeting place of the teachers of the Law after the fall of
Bethar, =2=, 423.
the inhabitants of, praised by Chanina bar Chama, =2=, 492.
seat of Joshua ben Levi’s academy, =2=, 497.
birthplace of Simlaï, =2=, 498.
refuge of Ulla bar Kosher, =2=, 530.
seat of a Jewish revolt against Rome, =2=, 570.
partially destroyed, =2=, 570.
the original text of the Bible studied at, =2=, 623.
=Lydia.= _See_ Crœsus.
=Lynn=, the Jews of, massacre of, =3=, 411-12.
=Lyons=, the Council of, to humble the Jews, =3=, 167-8.
rabbi of, at the first rabbinical synod, =3=, 377.
Innocent IV at, =3=, 584.
=Lyons, the Jews of=, ill-treated by Agobard, =3=, 164-5.
under the protection of Louis the Pious, =3=, 165-6.
=Lysanias=, son of Ptolemy of Chalcis, incites the Parthians against
Herod and Phasael, =2=, 82.
=Lysias=, Syrian commander, lieutenant of the country between Egypt
and the Euphrates, =1=, 463.
commissioned to march against Judæa, =1=, 464.
chooses his subaltern officers, =1=, 466-7.
defeated by Judas Maccabæus, =1=, 469-70.
guardian of Antiochus V, =1=, 477.
invades Judæa, =1=, 478-80.
takes Bethzur, =1=, 479.
forces Judas Maccabæus to retreat, =1=, 479.
besieges the Temple, =1=, 479.
razes the fortifications of the Temple, =1=, 480.
executes Menelaus, =1=, 480.
disobeys Rome, =1=, 481.
death of, =1=, 482.
=Lysimachus=, ally of Ptolemy I, at the battle of Ipsus, =1=, 417.
=Lysimachus=, the Benjamite, Hellenist, opposed to Onias III, =1=,
437.
Jerusalem left in charge of, =1=, 448.
spoils the Temple, =1=, 448.
killed, =1=, 449.
=Lysimachus, Alexander.= _See_ Alexander Lysimachus.
=M=
=Maachah=, wife of Rehoboam, worships Astarte, =1=, 188-9.
regent for Asa, =1=, 189.
idolatry of, hateful to the people of Judah, =1=, 190.
=Maamad=, public sittings of the rabbis of Amsterdam, =4=, 684.
=Maasé Efod=, Hebrew grammar by Profiat Duran, =4=, 191.
=Maasseiah=, governor of Jerusalem, appointed over the Temple
funds, =1=, 292.
=Maccabæus.= _See_ Judas Maccabæus.
=Maccabæan time=, the, characterized, =5=, 722-3.
“=Maccabee=, The,” by Miguel Silveyra, =5=, 111.
=Maccabees=, the, father and five sons, =1=, 458-9.
re-consecrate the Temple, =1=, 472-3.
_See_ Hasmonæans, the.
=Maccabees, the first Book of=, originally written in Hebrew, =2=,
16.
considered apocryphal, =2=, 344.
“=Maccabees=, the, History of.” _See_ Josippon.
=Macedonia=, dissolution of the kingdom of, =1=, 416.
Paul establishes Greek-Christian communities in, =2=, 227.
=Macedonia, the Jews of=, autonomy of, =3=, 27.
in the twelfth century, =3=, 424.
=Machærus=, Judæan fortress, built by Alexander Jannæus, =2=, 46.
surrenders to the Romans, =2=, 73.
surrenders to Bassus, =2=, 315.
=Machault, Denys=, apostate, disappearance of, =4=, 175.
=Machbereth=, Hebrew dictionary by Menachem ben Saruk, =3=, 225.
criticised by Dunash Ibn-Labrat, =3=, 226.
“=Machbi=,” device on Molcho’s banner, =4=, 510.
=Machir=, assists David in the war with Absalom, =1=, 144.
=Machir=, a learned Jew, head of the Narbonne congregation, =3=, 143.
ancestor of Kalonymos ben Todros, =3=, 392.
=Machpelah=, cave of, acquired by Abraham, =1=, 4.
=Machuza= (Maoga-Malka), a city of Babylonia, description of,
=2=, 506-8.
inhabited by Jews, =2=, 507.
the Persian army stationed at, =2=, 591.
destroyed by Julian the Apostate, =2=, 602.
capital of a Jewish state, =3=, 4.
=Machuza=, the academy of, under Raba bar Joseph bar Chama, =2=, 571,
584-5, 590.
produces the Talmud, =2=, 591.
decline of, =2=, 593.
=Machuza, the Jews of=, descended from proselytes, =2=, 507, 586.
luxurious habits of, =2=, 507.
peculiarities of, =2=, 586.
marriages of, =2=, 586-7.
made captives by Kobad, =3=, 4.
put to death by Mebodes, =3=, 9.
=Machuza=, a district of Jewish Babylonia, =2=, 505.
=Mâcon=, the Council of, passes anti-Jewish resolutions, =3=, 39.
=Madaba.= _See_ Medaba.
=Madain=, the Jews of, silence a Mahometan crier, =3=, 428.
=Madrid=, the Jews of, under Sancho, =3=, 617.
=Madrid, the cortes of=, petition Alfonso XI concerning usury, =4=,
80.
ask for anti-Jewish laws, =4=, 80.
=Maella=, the Jews of, converted by Vincent Ferrer, =4=, 214.
=Mæsa=, grandmother of Elegabalus, =2=, 469.
=Maëstro Gayo.= _See_ Isaac ben Mordecai.
=Magdala= (Tarichæa), Judæan troops surrender to the Romans
at, =2=, 75.
Jesus in, =2=, 154, 157.
rebels against Josephus, =2=, 280.
Jewish stronghold in the Bar-Cochba revolt, =2=, 414.
fall of, =2=, 416.
dissatisfied with a decision by Simon ben Yochaï, =2=, 449.
=Magdeburg=, Jews in, in the ninth century, =3=, 144.
a church at, granted the revenue derived from Jews, =3=, 243.
=Magdeburg, the Jews of=, persecuted in the thirteenth century, =3=,
611.
banished, =4=, 416.
suffer during the Black Death persecution, =4=, 111.
=Maggid=, the dream-interpreter, of Solomon Molcho, =4=, 496.
of Joseph Karo, =4=, 497, 537-8.
of Moses Chayim Luzzatto, =5=, 236, 237.
=Maghariyites=, a Karaite sect, =3=, 151.
=Maghreb.= _See_ Kairuan.
=Magi=, the, practices of, forbidden by Rab, =2=, 521.
recover credit under Ardashir, =2=, 524.
persecute the Christians, =2=, 524.
molest the Jews of Babylonia, =2=, 524-5.
fanaticism of, diminishes, =2=, 525-6.
and Ashi, =2=, 605.
and Jezdijird, =2=, 609-10.
influence of, over the Sassanian monarchs, =2=, 627.
and the Jews of Ispahan, =2=, 629.
religion of, reformed by Mazdak, =3=, 1-2.
cause a persecution of the Jews, =3=, 8.
=Magian= influence on Judaism, =1=, 402-5.
=Magister Judæorum=, officer in the Frankish empire, =3=, 161.
=Magisterial offices=, certain classes of Jews exempt from, under
Constantine, =2=, 561, 563, 616.
Jewish exemption from, abolished by Theodosius I, =2=, 615.
Jews exempt from, under Arcadius, =2=, 616.
Jews forced to assume, by Justinian, =3=, 13.
Jews excluded from, by the Council of Paris, =3=, 40.
Jews exempt from, in Cologne, =3=, 41.
_See_ Civil offices.
=Magnus, Marcus=, court Jew of Frederick William I, =5=, 219.
=Magona=, the Jews of, forced into Christianity, =2=, 619-20.
=Magyars=, the, made intolerant by the papacy, =3=, 614.
=Mahadia.= _See_ Kairuan.
=Mahanaim=, seat of Saul’s family after his death, =1=, 108, 110.
battle of, in the war with Absalom, =1=, 144.
David welcomed at, =1=, 144.
=Maharil.= _See_ Jacob ben Moses Mölin Halevi.
=Mahdi=, the founder of the Fatimide dynasty, =3=, 212.
=Maher-Shalal-Chash-Baz=, son of Isaiah, =1=, 259.
=Mahomet=, inspired by Judaism, =3=, 71-2.
revelations to, from Gabriel, =3=, 71.
declaims against idolatry and immorality, =3=, 72.
tries to win over the Jews of Yathrib, =3=, 73.
character of, =3=, 74.
Jewish opponents of, =3=, 74-5.
gives up Jewish ceremonies, =3=, 75-6.
antagonism of, to Jews, =3=, 76.
victorious at Bedr, =3=, 76.
drives the Benu-Kainukaa from Arabia, =3=, 76-8.
victorious over the Benu-Nadhir, =3=, 78-80.
exterminates the Benu-Kuraiza, =3=, 80-1.
victorious over the Jews of Chaibar, =3=, 81-3.
attempt to poison, =3=, 83-4.
the Jews of Medina intrigue against, =3=, 84.
death of, =3=, 84.
acknowledged as the prophet by conquered nations, =3=, 86.
as viewed by Anan ben David, =3=, 134.
=Mahomet II=, Turkish conqueror of the Byzantine empire, threatens
Christendom, =4=, 267.
friendly to the Jews, =4=, 268.
=Mahomet IV=, sultan, influence of Jewish women under, =4=, 629.
considers the case of Sabbataï Zevi, =5=, 153.
receives Sabbataï into Islam, =5=, 154.
=Mahomet Alemin=, son of Haroun-Alrashid, war of, with his
brother, =3=, 145.
death of, =3=, 146.
=Mahomet Almansur=, Hajib of Hisham, and Jacob Ibn-Jau, =3=,
239, 240-1.
=Mahomet Almuktafi=, Abbasside Caliph, revives the Exilarchate, =3=,
428.
=Mahomet Bey=, vizir, attacks Achmed Shaitan, =4=, 396.
=Mahomet Sokolli=, vizir, antagonizes Joseph Nassi, =4=, 596, 599,
602.
favorable to Venice, =4=, 600.
employs a Jewish agent, =4=, 603, 605.
supplants Joseph Nassi, =4=, 627.
advises the confiscation of Joseph Nassi’s property, =4=, 628.
=Mahometan (pseudo) Jews=, despair of, =3=, 452.
exhorted to remain true to Judaism, =3=, 452.
condemned as apostates and idolaters, =3=, 453-4.
defended by Maimonides, =3=, 454-6.
=Mahometans=, the, looked upon by the Jews as liberators from the
Christian yoke, =3=, 88-9.
conspire with the Jews to overthrow the Visigothic-Spanish
empire, =3=, 108.
conquer Visigothic Spain, =3=, 109.
culture of, in Spain under the Ommiyyade caliphs, =3=, 214.
traditions of, used by Haï Gaon, =3=, 251.
in Spain, crusade against, =3=, 507.
condition of, in Hungary, =3=, 520-1.
proscribed in Hungary, =3=, 615.
distrusted by Argun, khan of Persia, =3=, 647.
intrigue against Saad-Addaula, =3=, 648-9.
usurers in Castile, =4=, 80.
the crusades against, begin with massacres of Jews, =4=, 222.
placed under restrictions by Eugenius IV, =4=, 250.
persecuted, =4=, 251.
protected by Juan II of Castile, =4=, 252.
the Jews under, =5=, 726-7.
=Mahon.= _See_ Magona.
=Maillotins=, the, attack the Jews of France, =4=, 152.
=Maimaran, Joseph=, adviser of Muley Ismail, =5=, 168.
=Maimi, Simon.= _See_ Simon Maimi.
=Maimon, Solomon= (1753-1800), on Hirsch Janow, =5=, 331.
philosophical thinker, =5=, 405, 407-9.
character and studies of, =5=, 407, 408.
goes to Germany, =5=, 407-8.
wanderings of, =5=, 408.
autobiography of, =5=, 409.
fame of, =5=, 409.
=Maimonides, Moses.= _See_ Moses ben Maimun.
=Maimun ben Joseph=, father of Maimonides, Talmudist and scientist,
disciple of Joseph Ibn-Migash, =3=, 317, 447.
influence of, on his son, =3=, 447.
a fugitive from the Almohades, =3=, 448.
teacher of his son, =3=, 448.
emigrates to Fez, =3=, 451.
family of, assumes Islam, =3=, 451.
exhorts the pseudo-Mahometan Jews to remain true to Judaism, =3=,
452.
emigrates to Palestine and Egypt, =3=, 456-7.
death of, =3=, 457.
=Maimun Asha=, Arabic poet, protected by Shoraich, =3=, 70.
=Maimuni.= _See_ Abraham (Almeni) Maimuni; Abraham Maimuni II; David
ben Maimun; David Maimuni; Moses ben Maimun.
=Maimunist controversy=, the, =3=, 530.
in verses, =3=, 538, 544.
compromise in, proposed by Nachmani, =3=, 539-40.
taken up by the Dominicans, =3=, 542-3.
causes a division in Judaism, =3=, 546-7.
causes the neglect of poetry, =3=, 558-9.
allayed by the burning of the Talmud, =3=, 579-80.
breaks out anew in the time of Solomon ben Adret, =3=, 623-4.
in Germany, Italy, and Palestine, =3=, 624-34.
in Accho, =3=, 631, 632-3.
solution of, proposed by Hillel of Verona, =3=, 631-2.
revived by the Tibbonide party in Montpellier, =4=, 32-3, 42.
=See also= Anti-Maimunists, the; Maimunists, the.
=Maimunists=, the, partisans of Moses ben Maimun, =3=, 523; =5=, 728.
war declared against, by Solomon ben Abraham, =3=, 527.
excommunicated by Solomon ben Abraham, =3=, 528-9.
excommunicate Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 530.
try to alienate the French rabbis from Solomon of Montpellier, =3=,
539.
denounce Solomon of Montpellier, =3=, 543-4.
opposed to the Kabbalists in the explanation of ceremonies, =3=,
554.
break away from the Talmud, =3=, 557-8.
in Perpignan, =4=, 25.
in Montpellier, =4=, 32-3.
_See also_ Anti-Maimunists, the; Maimunist controversy, the.
=Maimunists=, list of:
Aaron ben Meshullam,
Abraham ben Chasdaï,
Bachiel Ibn-Alkonstantini,
David ben Daniel,
David Kimchi,
Hillel ben Samuel of Verona,
Jacob ben Abba-Mari ben Simon Anatoli,
Jonathan Cohen of Lünel,
Levi ben Abraham ben Chayim,
Moses ben Isaac Alashkar,
Moses ben Jehuda Cohen,
Samuel ben Abraham Saporta,
Samuel Cohen ben Daniel,
Yishaï ben Chiskiya.
=Main(e) district, the, the Jews of=, under Henry II, =3=, 409.
emigrate, =3=, 638.
find a refuge in Poland, =4=, 420.
=Maiora=, martyr, =4=, 570.
=Majorca=, French Jews emigrate to, =4=, 49.
quarrel about the chief rabbinate of, =4=, 162.
forced converts in, relapse into Judaism, =4=, 180.
Marranos from, in Algiers, =4=, 199.
the Inquisition established on, =4=, 332.
=Majorca, the Jews of=, persecuted, =4=, 77, 171.
take refuge in northern Africa, =4=, 198.
converted by Vincent Ferrer, =4=, 206.
extermination of, =4=, 246-7.
=Makariyites=, a Karaite sect, =3=, 151.
=Maksen=, leader of the Sinhajas, =3=, 256.
=Malabar=, the coast of, Jews emigrate to, =2=, 630.
=Malach, Chayim.= _See_ Chayim Malach.
=Malach ham-Maveth=, angel of death, =1=, 403.
=Malache Chabalah=, evil spirits, introduced into Judaism from
Magianism, =1=, 403.
=Malachi=, last of prophets, =1=, 384-5.
=Malaga=, Jews masters of, =3=, 109.
Samuel Ibn-Nagrela at, =3=, 255.
Berber city, =3=, 256.
family of Ibn-Gebirol emigrate to, =3=, 268.
suffering of the Spanish exiles in, =4=, 369-70.
=Malchishua=, son of Saul, death of, =1=, 103.
=Malchus.= _See_ Porphyry.
=Malchuth Shamayim.= _See_ Kingdom of Heaven, the.
=Malcom.= _See_ Milcom.
=Malesherbes=, institutes a Jewish commission to ameliorate the
condition of the Jews, =5=, 431.
=Malich=, king of the Nabathæans, at war with Herod, =2=, 94-5.
vassal of Herod, =2=, 95.
=Malich=, counselor of Hyrcanus II, poisons Antipater, =2=, 80.
assassinated by Herod, =2=, 80.
=Malka bar Acha= (771-773), principal of the Pumbeditha academy, =3=,
37.
=Malka Kadisha=, Kabbalistic term, the Messiah, =5=, 143.
=Mallo=, Portuguese inquisitor, =4=, 521.
=Malmed=, collection of sermons by Jacob Anatoli, =3=, 566.
attacked by the party of Abba-Mari, =4=, 32.
read by the Tibbonides, =4=, 39.
falls under the ban, =4=, 40.
=Malshim= (Malsin), traitors, =4=, 156.
=Malta=, Marranos transported to, =4=, 570.
=Malta, the Knights of=, attack Jewish exiles, =4=, 592.
forbidden to make slaves of Jews, =4=, 656.
=Malthace=, the Samaritan, wife of Herod, =2=, 119.
=Mamal= (Mamala), city of Galilee, inhabitants of, of the family of
Eli, =2=, 575.
=Mammæa=, mother of Alexander Severus, admires Christianity, =2=, 481.
=Mammon, scorn of=, taught by the Essenes, =2=, 145.
taught by Jesus, =2=, 150.
=Mamson=, suspected of well poisoning, =4=, 104.
=Manasseh=, king of Judah, son of Hezekiah, =1=, 280.
state of the kingdom under, =1=, 281-4.
idolatry introduced under, =1=, 282-3.
taken prisoner by Esarhaddon, =1=, 285.
death of, =1=, 285.
=Manasseh, the tribe of=, claims the central lands of Canaan,
=1=, 35-6.
holds assemblies at Shiloh, =1=, 41.
opposed to intermarriage with the heathen, =1=, 56.
members of, join Gideon, =1=, 62.
in conflict with Ephraim, =1=, 63.
appeals to Samuel for help against Ammon, =1=, 80.
territory of, taken by Hazael, =1=, 220.
descendants of, in Chaibar, =3=, 437.
=Manasseh=, member of Eliashib’s household, marries a daughter of
Sanballat, =1=, 383.
banished by Nehemiah, =1=, 386.
=Manasseh=, relative of Simon the Just, acts as high priest, =1=, 423.
=Manasseh ben Israel= (1604-1657), emigrates to the Netherlands, =4=,
671.
member of the Amsterdam rabbinical college, =4=, 682.
characterized by Antonio Vieira, =4=, 683.
education of, =4=, 683.
characterization of, =4=, 683-4.
qualifications of, for effecting the re-settlement of Jews in
England, =5=, 19-20.
attainments of, =5=, 20.
as a preacher, =5=, 20.
esteemed by Jews and Christians, =5=, 20.
treatises of, welcomed by Christian scholars, =5=, 22.
consulted by Christian scholars, =5=, 22-3.
sought by Christian visionaries, =5=, 23-5.
and Messianic expectations, =5=, 24.
reasons adduced by, for the re-settlement of Jews in England, =5=,
28, 39-42.
encouraged by English writings, =5=, 28-30.
on the fortunes of the Ten Tribes, =5=, 30-3.
publishes “Israel’s Hope,” =5=, 31-2.
describes the terrors of the Inquisition, =5=, 31-2.
submits “Israel’s Hope” to Parliament, =5=, 33.
negotiations of, interrupted, =5=, 34.
receives a safe-conduct to London from the Short Parliament,
=5=, 34-5.
war delays the departure of, =5=, 35.
petitions Parliament to permit Jews to settle in England, =5=, 35.
the Messianic work by Felgenhauer dedicated to, =5=, 36-7.
expounds Jewish Messianic ideas, =5=, 37-8.
invited to England by Cromwell, =5=, 38.
petition presented by, to Cromwell, =5=, 38-9.
acts as the representative of European Jews, =5=, 39.
on the trade of the Jews, =5=, 40-1.
defends the Jews against three charges, =5=, 41-2.
proposal by, for the admission of Jews into England, =5=, 44.
refutes theological objections to the admission of Jews, =5=, 45.
defends his course before the Dutch government, =5=, 46.
disappointment of, =5=, 46-7.
defends the Jews against the blood accusation, =5=, 47-9.
honorably dismissed by Cromwell, =5=, 49.
death of, =5=, 50.
devotee of the Kabbala, =5=, 55.
teacher of Spinoza, =5=, 86, 87.
outlines a history of the Jews, =5=, 202.
work by, translated by Marcus Herz, =5=, 362.
oath of, concerning the blood accusation taken by the London
rabbis, =5=, 655.
=Manchester=, the Jews of, hold meetings for the Damascus affair, =5=,
654, 657.
=Manessier de Vesoul=, negotiates the return of the Jews to
France, =4=, 129.
appointed receiver-general, =4=, 130-1, 132, 133.
active in behalf of the Jews, =4=, 132.
death of, =4=, 150.
sons of, =4=, 150, 151, 152.
=Manetho=, an Egyptian priest, libels the Jews, =1=, 511.
=Manichæans=, persecuted by Jezdijird III, =2=, 627.
=Manna=, description of, =1=, 20.
=Mannheim=, Moses Meïr Kamenker in, =5=, 229.
=Mannheimer, Isaac Noah= (1793-1864), intellectual qualities
of, =5=, 578.
attractiveness of, =5=, 578.
dignity of, =5=, 579.
fitted for his work in Vienna, =5=, 580.
attitude of, towards Reform Judaism, =5=, 580.
changes sanctioned by, =5=, 580.
as a pulpit orator, =5=, 581.
personality of, =5=, 582.
influence of, in Germany, =5=, 582.
compared with Sachs, =5=, 690.
helps to reorganize Austria, =5=, 697.
=Manoel the Great=, of Portugal, releases the Spanish exiles, =4=,
372.
employs Abraham Zacuto, =4=, 372.
kindly disposed towards the Jews, =4=, 372.
sues for the hand of Isabella II of Castile, =4=, 372-3.
banishes the Jews, =4=, 374.
orders Jewish children to be baptized, =4=, 375-6.
cruelty of, =4=, 376.
limits the Jews to one port of departure, =4=, 376.
tries to force the Jews into Christianity, =4=, 377.
adopts milder measures towards the Portuguese Marranos, =4=, 379.
delivers Spanish Marranos to the Inquisition, =4=, 379-80.
permits the last Jews to leave Portugal, =4=, 380-1.
grants freedom from molestation to the Jews for a term, =4=, 485.
checks the emigration of Marranos, =4=, 485-6.
forbids the use of insulting names for Marranos, =4=, 486.
orders of, concerning Marranos, =4=, 488.
counselors of, protect the Marranos, =4=, 488.
=Manrique, Inigo=, chief judge of appeals for Marrano cases, =4=, 320.
=Mansfeld=, general, plunders the Jews, =4=, 701.
=Mantin, Jacob= (1490-1549), physician and scholar, ambition
of, =4=, 411.
instructs Christians in Hebrew, =4=, 473.
persecutes Molcho, =4=, 506-7.
physician to Paul III, =4=, 515.
=Mantua=, Abraham Ibn-Ezra in, =3=, 371.
the Talmud burnt in, =4=, 565.
refuge of the Jewish exiles from the Papal States, =4=, 592.
rabbis of, forbid young men to read Azarya deï Rossi’s works, =4=,
616.
Jews beg for shelter in, =4=, 660.
the rabbi of, opposes the Reform movement, =5=, 571.
=Mantua, the Jews of=, in the twelfth century, =3=, 424.
in the seventeenth century, =4=, 653.
appeal for permission to own the Talmud, =4=, 658.
=Maoga-Malka.= _See_ Machuza.
=Maonites=, the, subjugated by Uzziah, =1=, 230.
=Maor=, Talmudical work by Serachya Halevi Gerundi, =3=, 389.
“=Mappa=,” Moses Isserles’ commentary on Karo’s code, =4=, 637.
=Mar-Aaron ben Samuel=, candidate for the principalship of the
Pumbeditha academy, =3=, 154.
=Mar-Abraham ben Sherira= (816-828), mystic, principal of the
Pumbeditha academy, =3=, 154-5.
deposed, =3=, 155.
re-instated, =3=, 156.
death of, =3=, 156.
=Mar-Amram ben Sheshna= (869-881), Gaon of Sora, compiler of the
liturgy of European Jews, =3=, 178.
=Mar bar Ashi= (Tabyome), Amora, principal of the Sora academy,
=2=, 626-7.
finishes the compilation of the Talmud, =2=, 628.
conscientiousness of, =2=, 628.
death of, =2=, 628.
=Mar bar Huna= (609-620), principal of the Sora academy, =3=, 10.
=Marburg=, the university of, appealed to in the contest between the
Senate and the Jews of Frankfort, =5=, 520.
=Marcellus II=, pope, reactionary, =4=, 566.
=Mar-Chanina=, effects Mar-Zutra II’s investiture as Exilarch,
=3=, 3.
executed, =3=, 4.
=Marcus Aurelius Antoninus=, emperor, war with Parthia under, =2=,
447.
and Simon ben Yochaï, =2=, 449.
appealed to by Jews and Christians, =2=, 449.
famine and plague under, =2=, 451.
permission of, required to pray at Jerusalem, =2=, 458.
hostility of, to the Jews, =2=, 463.
=Mardeliar=, chief of the Jews of India, =2=, 630.
=Mardochai, Francis=, Egyptian tax farmer, =4=, 618.
=Mar-Elia I=, Patriarch of the Eastern Christians, consulted by Haï
Gaon, =3=, 250.
=Mareshah= (Marissa), scene of Asa’s victory over an Ethiopian
army, =1=, 190.
Idumæan fortress, demolished, =2=, 8.
=Margalita, Aaron=, apostate, reviles the Agada, =5=, 194.
=Margaret=, empress, has the Jews of Vienna banished, =5=, 170.
=Margaritha, Anton=, apostate, writes against the Jews, =4=, 551.
=Marhab=, a Himyarite, hero in the Chaibar war, =3=, 82.
beaten and killed by Ali, =3=, 82.
sister of, tries to poison Mahomet, =3=, 83-4.
=Mar-Huna=, Exilarch. _See_ Huna.
=Mari bar Mar=, founds an academy at Firuz-Shabur, =3=, 8, 9.
=Maria= of the Netherlands, patroness of Joseph Nassi, =4=, 572.
=Maria=, Infanta of Spain, empress, Marrano confessor of, =5=, 109.
=Maria=, wife of Alfonso XI, ill-treated by her husband, =4=, 114.
=Maria de Molina=, queen of Castile, employs a Jewish physician,
=4=, 2.
dowager queen, antagonizes the Jewish treasurer, =4=, 51-2.
protects the Jews of Castile, =4=, 52.
=Maria de Medici=, employs a Jewish physician, =4=, 673.
=Maria de Padilla=, supposed wife of Pedro the Cruel, =4=, 116.
party of, =4=, 117.
acknowledged as the wife of Pedro, =4=, 122.
said to be a Jewess, =4=, 123.
=Maria Anna=, of Austria, banishes the last remnant of Jews from the
Spanish provinces, =5=, 169.
=Maria Juliana=, queen of Denmark, interested in Eibeschütz,
=5=, 267-8.
=Maria Theresa=, empress, at war with Prussia, =5=, 251.
revokes the decree against the Jews of Moravia, =5=, 252.
banishes the Moravian and Bohemian Jews, =5=, 252.
revokes the decree of banishment, =5=, 253.
=Mariamne=, daughter of Agrippa I, immorality of, =2=, 235.