[1] Mr. Peter Walker, of Philadelphia, the late publisher of the
_Princeton Review_, issued last year an index volume, giving brief
biographic notices of each contributor to its pages, since 1825. The
volume is incomplete. We are indebted to it for much of the information
contained in the text.
[2] This _Index Expurgatorious_ puts the ban upon such words as
these:--bogus, authoress, poetess, collided, _debút_, donate, donation,
loafer, located, ovation, predicate, progressing, pants, rowdies,
roughs, secesh, osculate for kiss, endorse for approve, lady for wife,
jubilant for rejoicing, bagging for capturing, loaned for lent, posted
for informed, and realized for obtained.
[3] Report addressed to the Chancellor of the Exchequer by the Master of
the Mint, and Colonel Smith, late Master of the Calcutta Mint, on the
mintage necessary to cover the expenses of establishing and maintaining
the gold currency.
[4] Mr. Hendriks' Evidence before the Royal Commission.
[5] Report from the Royal Commission on International Coinage.
[6] This is shown by the tariff price of the British sovereign at the
Paris Mint, mentioned at p. 21.
[7] Colonel J. T. Smith's Evidence before the Royal Commission.
[8] Mr. Hendriks' Evidence, Royal Commission on International Coinage,
p. 19.
[9] Mrs. Crewe's house was subsequently the resort of Charles Fox and
his party, who took for their motto--
'Buff and Blue,
And Mrs. Crewe.'
[10] _British Quarterly Review._ October, 1867, Article 'Recent
Researches in Palestine.'
[11] Tel Hum--the mound of 'Hum. Capernaum--the village of na-hum.
[12] B. J., iii. x. 8.
[13] Dean Stanley reminds us that as a rule the hill tribes of a country
hold out longest against an invader, but in the case of Canaan the
nations of the plain, possessing horses and chariots, which the
Israelites were destitute of, had the advantage.--_Sin. and Pal._
[14] Jud. Bell. v. iv. i.
[15] 2 Chron. xxxii. 30; I Kings viii. 1.
[16] I Kings ii. 10; xi. 43, &c.
[17] 'Sketch of Jerusalem,' p. 103.
[18] Robinson, Bib. Res. i. 293.
[19] Jos. Ant. xiv. iv. 3.
[20] 'Dictionary of the Bible,' Art. Jerusalem
[21] 'Ancient Jerusalem,' p. 320.
[22] 'Horeb and Jerusalem,' p. 259.
[23] Jud. Bell. vi. iii. 2.
[24] Jud. Bell. vi. iii. 2.
[25] In thus provisionally identifying Zion with a hill north of the
temple, it may be well to call attention to Josephus's description of
the eastern hill. He says it was [Greek: amphikurtos], a word which is
sometimes translated 'gibbous' sometimes 'sloping on both sides,' and
sometimes 'the shape of a moon when horned.' Liddell and Scott say
'_curved on each side_, like the moon in its third quarter, _gibbous_;'
but as [Greek: kurtos] by itself, is simply 'curved or arched,' and each
side of the moon is carved as much when it is crescent as when gibbous,
we have rendered the term 'crescent-shaped,' being influenced by the
fact that the Tyropoeon valley and that from Herod's gate would really
give a crescent shape to the two eastern hills which in his day were
one.
[26] It seems to us overlooked, that before the Akra was cut down it may
have been higher than the western hill. If so, it would be the upper
city in David's time, and Josephus's statement that David look the lower
city and the Akra would have new light thrown upon it. It would then be
clear that Akra was co-extensive with the city of David, which is Zion,
and the absence of all mention of the upper city at this siege would be
explained.
[27] Jud. Bell. v. iv. 1, 2.
[28] Robinson, Bib. Res. iii. 191. Lewin, 'Sketch of Jerusalem,'
Appendix.
[29] [Hebrew character], _a hill_ from [Hebrew character] _to swell up_.
With the art. [Hebrew character] pr.n. of a hill to the east of Mount
Zion. Gesenius Lex. And see Stanley, 'S. and P.,' Appendix.
[30] Jos. Ant. xv. xi. 5; xiv. iv. 2; B. J. i. ii. 5, 2; ii. xvi. 3; vi.
vi. 2; vi. vii. i.
[31] Lewin, Sketch of Jer., pp. 19, 96; Jos. Ant., xiv. iv. 2; B. J. i.
vii. 2.
[32] Ant. xv. xi. 5.
[33] B.7, v. 1; L. xxi. 1. Ant. xv. xi. 5.
[34] Williams and Ferguson both ascribe them to Justinian.
[35] See _Athenæum_, June 11th, 1870.
[36] Athenæum, June 11th, 1870.
[37] The Quarterly Statement of Palestine Exploration Fund, No. V.,
following M. Ganneau, whose information was at first deficient,
represents the stone as rounded at the top and squared at the bottom;
and this error is repeated by Professor Rawlinson, in the _Contemporary
Review_, August, 1870.
[38] _Révue Archéologique_, June, 1870.
[39] Gesenius, Rödiger, Bunsen and others maintain this view. Wuttke and
Fürst are against it.
[40] Letter to the _Times_, March 3rd, 1870.
[41] B. J. iii. x. 8. See a paper on the 'Fishes of the Holy Land,' by
Dr. Albert Gunther in the _Student and Intellectual Observer_, July,
1869. The fish was found in the Round Fountain, not the Spring of
Tabigah, identified by Wilson as Capharnaum.
[42] [Greek: Es tan polin] = Stamboul.
[43] We need hardly say that the Archbishopric of Paris dates only from
the seventeenth century. Up to that time the Bishop of Paris had been a
suffragan of the Metropolitan of Sens.
[44] Eginh. Ann. 768.--'In ipsâ tamen valetudine Turonos delatus, apud
Sancti Martini memoriam oravit. Inde cum ad Parisios venisset, viii.
Kal. Octobris diem obiit, cujus corpus in basilicâ beati Dionysii
martyris humatum est.' So Vita Karoli, 3, 'Apud Parisius morbo aquae
intercutis diem obiit.' Mark the singular use of _Parisius_ as an
indeclinable noun.
[45] Eginh. Ann. 753, 708.
[46] Ib. 800. The passage is worth quoting, as a specimen of the
constant locomotion of the German kings:--'Redeunte vernâ temperie,
medio fere Martio Rex Aquisgrani digressus, litus Oceani Gallici
perlustravit, et in ipso mari, quod tunc piratis Nordmannicis infestum
erat, classem instituit, præsidia disposuit, pascha in Centulo apud
sanctum Richarium celebravit. Inde iterum per litus maris iter agens,
Ratumagum civitatem venit ibique Sequanâ amne transmisso, Turonos ad
sanctum Martinum orationis causâ profectus est, moratus ibi dies aliquot
propter adversam Liutgardæ conjugis valetudinem, quæ ibidem et defuncta
et humata est; obiit autem diem ii. Non. Jun. Inde per Aurelianos ac
Parisios Aquasgrani reversus est, et mense Augusto inchoante Mogontiacum
veniens, generalem conventum ibidem habuit, et iter in Italiam condixit,
atque inde profectus cum exercitu Ravennam venit, ibique septem nom
amplius dies moratus. Pippinum filium suum cum eodem exercitu in terram
Beneventanorum ire jussit, movensque de Ravennâ simul cum filio, Anconam
usque pervenit, quo ibi dimisso Romam proficiscitur.' This same visit to
Paris seems to be alluded to by the monk of Saint Gallen, Gesta Karoli,
i. 10. (Pertz, ii. 735.) 'Quum vero ingeniosissimus Karolus quodam anno
festivitates nativitatis et apparitionis Domini apud Treverense vel
Metense oppidum celebrasset sequenti vero anno easdem sollemnitates
Parisii vel Turonis ageret.'
[47] Ermoldus Nigellus, ii. 143 (Pertz ii. 481.)
'Inde Parisiacas properant cito visere sedes,
Quo Stephanus martyr culmina summa tenet,
Quo, Germane, tuum colitur, sanctissime corpus,
Quo Genuveffa micat, virgo, dicata Deo.
* * * * *
Nec tua præteriit Dionysi culmina martyr,
Quin adiens tibimet posceret auxilium.'