Origin unknown; probably French. Fruit large, globular-oblate,
orange-shaped, surface a little bossed, on the side of the sun a
beautiful deep red, spotted with golden-yellow, the shaded side being
streaked and rayed with bright red on yellow; flesh semi-breaking, a
little coarse and somewhat gritty around the core; juice sugary and of
a very good flavor; good; Dec.
=Poiteau. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:537, fig. 1869.
Raised by Van Mons, and first fruited at Louvain, Bel., in 1823. Fruit
above medium, long-ovate, variable in form, sometimes being short-ovate
and ventriculous, orange-yellow, dotted with brown, stained with
greenish-russet around the calyx and stem, and mottled with the same on
the cheek next the sun; flesh whitish, rather coarse, melting, gritty,
full of saccharine juice, sometimes astringent, without pronounced
perfume; second; Oct.
=Polish Lemon. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1887.
Known as _Cytrymova_ in Poland. It was received in 1882 by the Iowa
State Agricultural College, and was subsequently propagated and
distributed by the College.
=Polk. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =11=:252. 1845.
A seedling raised by H. W. Edwards, New Haven, Conn., at one time
Governor of that state. It came into bearing in 1844. Fruit larger than
the Seckel, like Bergamot in form; flesh juicy, melting, subacid, sweet
and rich; first; Sept to Nov.
=Pollan. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 834. 1869.
A Pennsylvania pear. Fruit below medium, nearly globular,
greenish-yellow, with a shade of brown in the sun; flesh whitish, a
little coarse, moderately juicy, vinous, pleasant; good; Aug.
=Pollvaskaja. 1.= _Iowa Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1880.
A Russian variety growing on the Iowa State College Farm in 1880, and
having thorny wood; it unites very imperfectly with the apple. It shows
"marked traces of the Chinese forms of the pear in shape, serration,
thickness and size of leaf, and in the peculiar enlarged character of
the scaly terminal buds."
=Polnische grüne Krautbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:155.
1856.
Galicia, 1819. Fruit small, globular-flattened, distorted, grass-green
changing to yellowish grass-green and often with a dark blush
and brown-russet on the side next the sun; scentless skin; flesh
coarse-grained, melting, vinous, very juicy, acidulous; second for
dessert, first for household; mid-Sept.
=Polnische Seidenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:145. 1856.
Galicia, 1812. Fruit medium to large, regular in form, light
lemon-yellow, often rather blushed, sprinkled with numerous small,
prominent, light brown and often greenish dots; flesh breaking, and
coarse-grained, sweet, Muscatel in flavor; third for dessert, very good
for household purposes; Sept.
=Pomeranzenbirn von Zabergäu. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 90, fig. 1913.
A perry pear found in Germany and Upper Austria. Fruit large,
globular-turbinate; skin smooth, shining, of a light leaf-green
changing when ripe to light greenish-yellow, finely dotted, without
russet; flesh yellow-white, rather coarse-grained, with small grits
around the center, very juicy, saccharine, acidulous, having a strong
scent; Oct.
=Pomme d'Été. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:539, fig. 1869.
The origin of the Pomme d'Été is uncertain, except that M. Leroy of
Angers received it from the old garden of the Horticultural Society of
Angers about 1849. Fruit medium and below, globular, much flattened
and similar to the form of Caillot rosat and Naquette, yellow-ochre,
entirely covered with gray dots; flesh white, fine and breaking,
watery, rather granular around the core; juice abundant, saccharine,
sweet and very musky; second; end of Sept.
=Pope Quaker. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 834. 1869.
Origin, Long Island, N. Y. Fruit very fair, medium-size,
oblong-pyriform, smooth, yellows-russet; flesh melting, juicy and
pleasant; hardly good; Oct.
=Pope Scarlet Major. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =3=:15. 1837. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 834. 1869.
Origin, Long Island, N. Y. Fruit nearly large, obovate, yellow, blushed
on exposed side with bright red; flesh white, breaking, rather dry;
very indifferent; Oct.
=Portail. 1.= Miller _Gard. Dict._ =3.= 1807. =2.= Christ _Handb._ 503.
1817.
Origin unknown beyond the fact that it was discovered in the old
province of Poitou, Fr., and was held in high esteem there. Fruit
"longer than it is round," greenish; flesh yellowish, dry, gritty and
hard unless in very favorable seasons and upon very good soil, but may
at times be tender and have an unforgetable musky aroma; it bakes well;
Jan. to Mar.
=Porter. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.
A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. No. 16. Fruited
in 1862 Diameter 2-1/2 inches, melting, sweet and juicy; ripens
soundly; good market pear; Oct.
=Portingall. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"The Portingall peare is a great peare, but more goodly in shew then
good indeed."
=Posey. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1897.
Found in a fence row on the farm of Jacob Grabel, where it originated
about 1880. It was reported by A. R. Ryman, Cedar Grove, Ind. Fruit
medium, pyriform, moderately smooth, lemon-yellow, with small brown
spots; flesh whitish, buttery, mild subacid; good to very good; Sept.
to Dec.
=Prager Schaferbirne. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst. Sort._ 321. 1881.
Germany. Fruit medium (3-1/2 x 2-1/2 in.), ovate and pyriform, smooth,
greenish turning to lemon-yellow blushed on the sunny side, very finely
dotted; flesh yellowish-white, tender, agreeably aromatic and sweet;
first for kitchen and household purposes; Oct. to end of Jan.
=Prairie du Pond. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 835. 1869.
Introduced by A. H. Ernst, Cincinnati, Ohio. Fruit small, nearly
globular, greenish-yellow, with many brown and green dots; flesh
whitish, moderately juicy, semi-melting, vinous, astringent; poor;
Sept.
=Pratt. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =1=:210, fig. 58. 1846. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ 2:542, fig. 1869.
The Pratt pear was first brought into notice by Owen Mason, Providence,
R. I., who obtained cions from the original tree at Scituate, R.
I., and distributed them in the spring of 1844. It appears to
have originated at Johnson, R. I. Fruit above medium, obovate,
greenish-yellow, sprinkled with numerous gray dots and russet spots;
flesh white, tender, melting, fine-grained, abounding with saccharine,
well-flavored juice; second; Sept.
=Pratt Junior. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 151. 1862.
Another native which originated on the same farm as the preceding
variety and named by the Rhode Island Society in order to designate its
origin; in appearance similar to Winter Nelis.
=Pratt Seedling. 1.= _Chico Nurs. Cat._ 13. 1904.
Originated in Salem, Oregon, with Captain Pratt. Shape and color of
Sheldon; keeps until Mar.
=Precilly. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 835. 1869.
Belgian. Fruit medium to large, obovate-acute-pyriform,
greenish-yellow, netted and patched with russet and sprinkled with
brown dots; flesh yellowish-white, coarse, breaking, juicy; good for
cooking; Oct.
=Précoce de Celles. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Described by Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1876 as a new
variety received from Belgium. Fruit medium, like Bergamot in form;
very good in quality for its season; early summer.
=Précoce de Jodoigne. 1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._ =5=:101, fig. 339. 1880.
Obtained by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Brabant, Bel., and first published
in 1865. Fruit rather small or nearly medium, ovate-pyriform, regular
in contour, vivid green covered with a sort of whitish bloom and
sprinkled with green dots of a darker shade, changing to yellow and
occasionally tinged with red on the side of the sun; flesh whitish,
fine, buttery, melting, full of sweet juice, saccharine but not highly
flavored; fairly good quality; July.
=Précoce de Tivoli. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
Fruit medium, pyriform, pale yellow, flesh white, gritty,
semi-breaking, saccharine; good; Aug.
=Précoce de Trévoux. 1.= _Cat. Cong. Pom. France_ 328. 1906.
Obtained by M. Treyve, Trévoux, Ain, Fr., and first published in 1862.
Fruit full medium size, pyriform-truncate, fine and tender skin of a
vivid yellow, very finely dotted with green and washed and streaked
with carmine on the side next the sun; flesh white, fine, melting,
juicy, sugary and richly flavored, agreeable perfume; good to very
good; beginning of Aug.
=Précoce Trottier. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 352. 1912.
A French pear described by M. de la Bastie in the _Journal of the
Pomological Society of France_ in 1890. Fruit medium or a little
above medium, turbinate-ventriculous; at first the skin is a very
bright green changing to pale yellow with some green markings, and
blushed with somber red on the side next the sun, dotted with brown;
flesh white, semi-fine, nearly melting, juicy, saccharine, agreeably
perfumed; good to very good; mid-July.
=Premature. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 157. 1832.
Originated in Scotland about 1830. Fruit below medium; flesh very juicy
and delicious, superior to the Crawford, of Scotland, reputed a most
superior early fruit; early Aug.
=Prémices d'Écully. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:544, fig. 1869. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 632. 1884.
Obtained by M. Luizet, a nurseryman at Écully-lez-Lyon, Rhône, Fr.,
from a bed of mixed seeds made in 1847. Fruit rather large, irregular
ovate, round and bossed, yellow, with here and there a green tinge,
thickly spotted and stained with small blotches of brown-russet; flesh
tender, whitish, fine, melting, juicy, easily becoming soft, sweet,
saccharine, with a flavor of musk; Sept.
=Prémices de Wagelwater. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 836. 1869.
Fruit below medium, globular-obovate-pyriform, sides unequal, yellow
with a few traces of russet and thickly sprinkled with brown dots;
flesh whitish, melting, juicy, very sweet; good to very good; Oct.
=Premier. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 632. 1884.
Raised at the Royal Garden, Frogmore, Eng., and first exhibited in
1871. Fruit above medium, oblong, terminating abruptly and bluntly at
the stalk, undulating in outline and contracted with a waist at the
middle; skin covered with cinnamon-colored russet; flesh semi-melting,
very juicy, sweet, and brisk, with a flavor resembling pineapple; good;
Nov.
=Premier Président Métivier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:545, fig. 1869.
A variety raised in Leroy's nurseries at Angers, Fr., in 1867. Fruit
above medium or large, globular, flattened at the poles, more enlarged
on one side than on the other; skin rough, grass-green, dotted and
veined with olive-russet on the shaded side, and bronzed and dotted
with bright fawn on the face exposed to the sun; flesh very white,
melting, fine or semi-fine, free from granulations, very juicy,
acidulous, highly saccharine, with delicious perfume and flavor; first;
Oct.
=Présent de Van Mons. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:546, fig. 1869.
A seedling of Van Mons raised at Louvain, Bel., but which first fruited
with General Delaage at Angers, Fr., in 1844. Fruit large, turbinate,
shortened and ventriculous in its lower part, very much narrowed
and slightly constricted at the top which is rarely very obtuse,
lemon-yellow, strewn with large gray dots, fully colored with dull
red on the side exposed to the sun; flesh white, fine, or semi-fine,
melting, gritty below the core; juice abundant; saccharine, sourish and
vinous, with an aromatic flavor; first; Feb. to Apr.
=President. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc._ Rpt. 44. 1865. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 836. 1869. A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline,
Mass., and fruited in 1861. Fruit very large, globular-obovate,
somewhat irregular; skin slightly rough, greenish-yellow, pale red in
the sun, considerable russet next the base of the stalk and traces of
russet and conspicuous dots all over; flesh yellowish-white, rather
coarse, melting, juicy, slightly vinous; good; early Nov.
=Président Barabé. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 97. 1895. =2.= Bunyard _Handb.
Hardy Fr._ 193. 1920.
First fruited in 1870 from a seed of Bergamotte Espéren with M.
Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Fruit medium to below, short-turbinate, deep
golden in color; flesh white, fine, melting, a little acid, juicy and
of exquisite flavor; Jan. to Mar.
=Président de la Bastie. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 265. 1889. =2.= _Cat.
Cong. Pom. France_ 330, fig. 1906.
Originated with M. Boisselot, Nantes, Fr. Fruit large, shape of
Bartlett; flesh white, fine, melting; good to very good; Feb. and Mar.
=Président Boncenne. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 97. 1895.
On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1895. This firm
had received it from Poitiers. Tree very vigorous and makes a shapely
pyramid. Fruit medium, pyramidal, greenish, slightly blushed with red
on the side next the sun; flesh white, semi-fine, melting, very juicy,
perfumed, saccharine and with a flavor of almond; beginning of Sept.
=Président Campy. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1876 and stated
to have been received from Belgium.
=President Clark. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 98. 1881.
This was a hybrid produced from the crossing of Seckel with Belle
Lucrative. It was raised by Francis Dana, who, before he died, put
several seedlings into the hands of Colonel Stone, Dedham, Mass.,
saying he thought there might be some very good varieties among them.
This variety was among them, and was named after the first President of
the Massachusetts Agricultural College. Fruit full medium, turbinate,
somewhat irregular and variable, clear lemon-yellow, with a carmine
cheek next the sun; flesh white, fine-grained, very melting, juicy,
slightly astringent, sweet and rich; very good to best; a little later
in season than Bartlett.
=Président Couprie. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
French. Fruit medium, oval; flesh yellow, very tender, melting, juicy,
highly saccharine and perfumed; Sept. and Oct.
=Président Deboutteville. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
Published by M. Boisbunel. On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz,
Lorraine, in 1876. Fruit rather large; first; Dec.
=President Dr. Ward. 1.= _N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 157. 1905.
Awarded a premium by the New Jersey Horticultural Society in 1905.
=President d'Estaintot. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Obtained at Rouen, Fr., from a seed of Soldat-Laboureur, and published
by Collette. The fruit is of first quality and is in season from Aug.
to Oct.
=President Felton. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 836. 1869.
Originated with W. D. Brincklé, Philadelphia, Pa. Fruit medium,
globular-oblate, pale yellow, with a crimson cheek in sun, nettings and
tracings of russet, and many brown and gray dots; flesh fine, juicy,
yellowish, semi-melting, slightly vinous, sweet; good; Oct.
=Président Fortier. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Fruit medium, ovate, slightly
swelled; flesh white, very fine, melting, sugary, perfumed; Jan. to
Apr.
=Président Héron 1.=. _Rev. Hort._ 6. 1897.
A new pear placed on the market in 1897 by Arséne Sannier, a nurseryman
at Rouen, Fr. Fruit medium; form recalling that of Urbaniste, obovate
or oblong-obovate; flesh very fine, juicy, and perfumed.
=Président Mas. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 836. 1869. =2.= _Cat. Cong.
Pom._ France 333, fig. 1906.
First reported in 1865 as having been raised by M. Boisbunel,
horticulturist at Rouen, Fr., and adopted by the Pomological Congress
of France. Fruit large, sometimes very large, ovate-conic-obtuse and
bossed round the stalk; skin rough, yellowish-green, much dotted with
russet, marbled with fawn around the eye; flesh whitish, fine, melting,
juicy with a sugary flavor, vinous and very pleasantly perfumed; very
good; Nov. to Jan.
=Président Muller. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
Published by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Brabant, and on trial with Messrs.
Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1876. Fruit large; first; Nov.
=Président Olivier. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Gained by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., not long previous to 1876.
=Président d'Osmonville. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:547, fig. 1869.
=2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 194. 1920.
This variety was a posthumous gain of M. Léon Leclerc, Laval, Fr., in
1834, an amateur well known among French pomologists. Fruit medium,
ovate-pyriform; skin smooth, fine and tender, very pale green changing
to pale yellow, more golden on the side of the sun, or occasionally
washed on the more-exposed fruits with a suggestion of rosy red; flesh
yellow, very fine, entirely melting, filled with saccharine juice,
vinous, and penetrated with a lively musk flavor; first; Oct.
=Président Parigot. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:548, fig. 1869.
A variety originated by Count Nouhes near Pauzauges in the Vendée, Fr.,
where the seedling gave its first fruit in 1852. Fruit above medium,
long-conic, narrowed in its upper part and bossed; skin rather rough,
orange-yellow, dotted with greenish-gray and extensively washed with
clear gray; flesh whitish, semi-fine, melting, watery, granular around
the core; juice abundant, very saccharine, vinous and with a delicious
flavor; first; Oct.
=Président Payen. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:549. 1869.
This pear issued in 1860 from a seed bed made by M. Briffaut, Sévres,
Fr. It was awarded a silver medal in 1861 by the Horticultural Society
of Paris. Fruit medium, long-pyriform, golden-russet sometimes washed
with a red blush; flesh fine, melting, juicy, saccharine, perfumed, and
of good flavor; of moderate merit; beginning of winter.
=Président Pouyer-Quertier. 1.= _Guide Prat_. 111. 1876.
A French pear dedicated to a President of the Horticultural Society of
Rouen. Fruit medium, rather long, covered with gray-russet; flesh very
fine, juicy, saccharine; first; Dec. and Jan.
=Président Royer. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:549, fig. 1869.
M. Xavier Grégoire, the Belgian tanner of Jodoigne, obtained this
pear in 1762 when it fruited for the first time. Fruit medium; form
recalling that of the quince, very bossed, rather obtuse, base flat,
bright yellow, dotted, streaked and mottled with russet and extensively
washed with tender rose on the side of the sun; flesh fine, firm
although quite melting, rather granular at core; juice abundant,
saccharine, highly perfumed, possessing a slight acidity which renders
it agreeable and refreshing; first; Oct.
=Président Le Sant. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 102. 1876.
Tree vigorous and fertile. Fruit medium, Bergamot-shaped; skin oily,
symmetrical, yellow dotted with fawn; flesh fine, melting, juicy,
saccharine, with an agreeable aroma; first; Oct. and Nov.
=Président Watier. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Obtained about 1880 by the Chevalier de Biseau d'Hauteville, at
Binche, Bel. Fruit long-gourd-shaped; flesh salmon-colored, melting,
saccharine, well-flavored; Nov.
=Présidente Senente. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. On trial in 1895. Tree healthy, of
moderate vigor and pyramidal. Fruit small to medium, globular-oblate;
flesh melting, perfumed, very juicy with a pleasant acidity; Dec. and
Jan.
=Prévost. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:552, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit
Man._ 633. 1884.
Obtained by Alexandre Bivort, director of the nurseries of the Society
Van Mons at Geest-Saint-Rémy, Jodoigne, Bel, in 1847. Fruit above
medium, rather irregular-ovate, bossed, often much swelled in the lower
half, lemon-yellow or golden, dotted and a little speckled with bright
maroon, carmined on the cheek turned to the sun; flesh white, semi-fine
and semi-melting, having a pleasant muscat flavor; second; Jan. to Mar.
=Pricke. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The peare pricke is very like unto the Greenfield peare, being both
faire, great, and good."
=Primating. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
Mentioned by John Parkinson in 1629, as "a good moist peare, and early
ripe."
=Prince Albert. 1.= _Pom. France_ =4=:No. 141, Pl. 141. 1865. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 836. 1869.
This was a seedling of the eighth generation raised by Van Mons at
Louvain, Bel., sown about 1840. Fruit medium, conic, obtuse and
irregular, often contorted, sides unequal, greenish, striped and dotted
with fawn, washed with russet around the stem; flesh white, semi-fine
and semi-breaking, gritty; juice abundant, saccharine, aromatic, rather
savory; second; Nov. and Dec.
=Prince Harvest. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 837. 1869.
Raised by William Prince, Flushing, L. I., N. Y. Fruit small,
ovate-pyriform, pale yellow, rarely a brownish blush, red cheek in the
sun, sprinkled with brown dots, and sometimes patched with russet;
flesh white, firm, breaking, moderately juicy, sweet, slightly musky;
good; end of July.
=Prince Impérial. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 65. 1876.
Obtained by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Brabant, Bel., in 1850. Tree
vigorous and fertile. Fruit large, ovate, bright yellow all over;
flesh salmon-colored, buttery, rather juicy, saccharine and having an
agreeable perfume; first; Oct. and Nov.
=Prince Impérial de France. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:554, fig. 1889.
=2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 837. 1869.
M. Grégoire, the well-known Belgian seedsman, obtained this variety
at Jodoigne in 1850 from seed of Pastorale sown in 1835. Fruit above
medium, irregular-ovate and rather swelled, having one side usually
more enlarged than the other, bright green, dotted, streaked, patched
and spotted with fawn-russet; flesh white, fine, juicy, melting,
slightly gritty below the core; juice abundant, refreshing, saccharine,
acidulous, perfumed; first; Sept.
=Prince de Joinville. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 837. 1869.
Belgian; first fruited in 1848. Fruit medium, globular, green changing
to golden yellow, with a vivid blush on the cheek next the sun, brown
spots and some russet; flesh yellowish-white, semi-fine, melting,
acidulous, sweet, agreeably aromatic; first for dessert, household and
market; Nov.
=Prince Napoléon. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:556, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 837. 1869.
Raised by M. Boisbunel, Rouen, Fr., from seed of the Passe Crassane
in 1864. Fruit medium and sometimes above, globular, rarely regular
and often mammillate at the top, olive-yellow, covered largely with
mottlings of brown and sprinkled with indistinct gray dots; flesh
white-greenish or yellowish, semi-fine, semi-melting; juice sufficient,
saccharine, vinous, with a delicate perfume; first; Feb. and Mar.
=Prince d'Orange. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =21=:146. 1855.
Raised by Van Mons at Louvain and numbered 891 in his Catalog of 1823,
second and third series, and regarded by J. de Jonghe, Brussels, as one
of Van Mons' more remarkable fruits; form and flavor of Passe Colmar.
=Prince de Printemps. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 198. 1832.
A Flemish pear imported by a Mr. Braddick in 1819. Fruit small,
turbinate, green; flesh buttery, sweet; good; very late.
=Prince Saint-Germain. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 447, fig. 207. 1845.
Raised by William Prince, Flushing, Long Island, N. Y., and known
also as _Brown Saint Germain_. Fruit medium, obovate inclining to
oval-pyriform, green nearly covered with brownish-russet and blushed
with dull red on the side next the sun; flesh yellowish-white, melting,
juicy, with a vinous and very agreeable flavor; very good; Nov. to Mar.
=Prince Seed Virgalieu. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:163, fig. 562. 1881.
Origin unknown. Fruit medium, turbinate-conic and ventriculous, usually
regular in form, pale green, slightly tinted with yellow, sprinkled
with brownish-gray dots, small but numerous; at maturity the basic
green becomes brilliant lemon-yellow and the side exposed to the sun
washed with pale red; flesh white, fine, buttery, very melting; juice
sufficient, saccharine; good; Oct.
=Princess. 1.= _Jour. Hort._ N. S. =3=:260. 1882. =2.= Bunyard _Handb.
Hardy Fr._ 194. 1920.
Raised by Messrs. Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, Eng., from seed of Louise
Bonne de Jersey. Growth compact, upright, free bearer, valuable for
market culture, and one to be depended upon in poor seasons; fine as a
cordon. Fruit medium, long-pyriform, tapering almost to stalk, not very
symmetrical, smooth and shining, rarely russety, green and pale green
with a brownish tinge, dark green dots under the skin; flesh white,
juicy and melting, briskly acid; very good; Oct. to Christmas, rather
variable in season.
=Princess Maria. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 580. 1857.
A seedling from Van Mons. Fruit medium or below, pyramidal, yellow,
considerably covered with rough, dull russet, and thickly sprinkled
with dots; flesh whitish, rather coarse, juicy, melting, vinous,
aromatic; good; Sept.
=Princesse Charlotte. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:558, fig. 1869. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 633. 1884.
A pear raised in 1846 by Major Espéren, Mechlin, Bel. Fruit medium,
variable in form, much bossed and rather contorted, turbinate-obtuse
to globular-ovate, grass-green with brown or orange glow on the
sunny side, dotted and marbled with russet; flesh white, semi-fine,
semi-melting, watery and gritty, but juicy, saccharine, acidulous, with
a fine aroma; a fine pear, evidently of the Passe Colmar race, but
quite distinct from that variety; Nov. and later.
=Princesse Marianne. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:559, fig. 1869.
_Calebasse Princesse Marianne_. =2.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =5=:67, fig.
1857.
Although very similar in color and form, this pear is distinct from
Calebasse Bosc with which it has been confused. It was obtained by Van
Mons at the Fidélité nursery near Brussels before 1817 from a graft of
a wilding. Fruit large, pyriform and gourd-shaped, swelled in its lower
part, more or less contracted near the summit and not very obtuse; skin
rough, greenish-russet, dotted with clear gray and marbled or speckled
with brown, flesh white or semi-fine, melting, some grit around the
core, juicy, very saccharine, vinous and with a highly delicate aroma;
first; Oct.
=Princesse d'Orange. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:560. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 634. 1884.
According to Van Mons this was found by Count de Coloma in the garden
of the Riches-Claires Nunnery at Mechlin, Bel, about 1788, but remained
unnamed for forty years. Fruit medium, globular or globular-ovate,
bossed, seldom very regular in form, lemon-yellow, largely covered
with reddish-brown russet, and more or less carmined on the side next
the sun; flesh white and fine, melting or semi-melting, juicy, vinous,
saccharine, slightly perfumed with anis; a first-class dessert pear;
Oct.
=Princière. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:562, fig. 1869.
Of uncertain origin. Leroy received it in 1864 from Charles Baltet,
Troyes, Fr., who also described it in the _Revue Horticole_ that year.
Fruit above medium, globular, irregular, bossed, often much contorted
and usually mammillate at the summit, golden yellow or bright yellow
covered all over with large russet dots, streaked with fawn around
the calyx; flesh white, fine, melting, full of juice, only slightly
saccharine, vinous and slightly aromatic; second; Oct.
=Priou. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:563, figs. 1869.
This pear which is one of the best ripening in spring-time was
made known in 1863 by M. Priou, a miller at Rondard, near Brissac,
Maine-et-Loire, Fr. The parent tree stood in an open pasturage, and was
then about fifty years old. Fruit above medium, rather inconstant in
form, globular-ovate, irregular, bossed, mammillate at the summit, and
pentagonal at its base or almost completely globular, bright yellow,
dotted and streaked with gray-russet; flesh white, fine and juicy,
melting, slightly gritty at the center, saccharine, agreeably acid,
with a delicious perfume; first; May.
=Professeur Barral. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:565, fig. 1869.
M. Boisselot, Nantes, Fr., a well known seedsman, obtained this pear
from seeds of Bartlett, in 1862. Fruit very large, globular, rather
irregular and bossed; skin thick, orange-yellow, dotted with gray and
lightly washed with bright russet on the exposed side; flesh whitish,
fine or semi-fine, melting, watery; juice abundant, sugary, vinous,
acidulous and full of flavor; first; Oct. and beginning of Nov.
=Professeur Bazin. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 494. 1898.
A posthumous variety raised from a seed bed of M. Tourasse and placed
on the market in 1898 by M. Baltet, Troyes, Fr. Fruit large, often very
large, pyramidal, ventriculous at the middle, water-green, passing
to lemon-yellow, mottled with fawn-brown; flesh extremely fine and
melting, juicy, saccharine, with a delicate perfume; very good; Dec.
and Jan.
=Professeur Dubreuil. 1.= _Pom. France_ =3=:No. 97, Pl. 97. 1865. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 634. 1884.
Obtained by M. Dubreuil, professor of horticulture, from a bed of seeds
of Louise-Bonne de Jersey made at the Botanical Garden of Rouen in
1840. Fruit medium, pyriform, more or less swelled; skin rather thick,
oily, green changing to lemon-yellow, dotted with russet and carmined
on the side of the sun; flesh white, fine, buttery, full of sugary
juice, with an agreeable perfume; first; end of Aug. and early Sept.
=Professeur Grosdemange. 1.= Baltet _Cult. Fr._ 340, 342, fig. 243.
1908.
Fruit large, obovate-pyriform; coloring bright yellow with vermilion
blush; flesh of good quality; Jan. to Mar.
=Professeur Hennnau. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =8=:77, fig. 1860.
M. Xavier Grégoire, a tanner at Jodoigne, Bel., obtained this variety
from seed. Fruited in 1860. Fruit above medium, ovate, more or less
irregular, swelled and bossed, often a little contorted in its lower
part, olive-yellow dotted with ashen gray, veined or speckled with fawn
and washed with golden russet on the cheek exposed to the sun; flesh
white, rather coarse, semi-melting, watery, very granular around the
center; juice abundant, saccharine, tartish, delicate although slight
perfume; second; Nov.
=Professeur Hortolès. 1.= _Guide Prat_. 57. 1895.
Raised by M. F. Morel, a horticulturist at Lyons, Fr. Tree vigorous
and fertile, suitable for all forms of growth. Fruit rather large,
pyriform-ventriculous, greenish-yellow, blushed with brownish-red on
the side next the sun; flesh white, fine, melting, very juicy; first;
Sept. and Oct.
=Professeur Opoix. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 532, fig. 240. 1901.
A seedling from the establishment of Baltet Brothers, Troyes, Fr.
Reported in 1901. Fruit rather large, globular, slightly oval, a little
bossed, bright green passing to whitish-yellow, dotted with brown;
flesh fine, yellow-butter tinted, very juicy, melting, saccharine, with
a pleasant aromatic perfume; excellent; Jan. to Mar.
=Professeur Willermoz. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Obtained by M. Joanon at Saint-Cyr near Lyons, Fr. Fruit large or
rather large, pyriform ventriculous; flesh very fine, juicy, melting,
saccharine and perfumed; Aug. and Sept.
=Prud'homme. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Published in the _Journal of the National Society of Horticulture_ of
France in 1875. Tree vigorous and very fertile. Flesh saccharine, very
sprightly; Sept. to Dec.
=Pudsey. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 97. 1875.
A native of Nova Scotia which compares "favorably in flavor, richness,
and other qualities with some of the most popular sorts at present
cultivated."
=Puebla. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:568, fig. 1869.
A seedling of M. André Leroy, Angers, Fr., reported in 1863. Fruit
large, ovate, rather ventriculous and much bossed, with one side nearly
always less swelled than the other; skin thick and rough, yellow,
covered with large patches of russet and grayish dots; flesh very white
and very fine, melting, with some grit at the center, full of sugary
juice, with an acid taste and agreeable perfume; first; Oct.
=Pulsifer. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =8=:460, fig. 1853.
Dr. John Pulsifer of Hennepin, Ill., in the spring of 1843 planted in
his garden a pear seed which produced a tree bearing fruit of great
merit. An early and prolific bearer, hardy, vigorous. Fruit hardly
medium, pyriform, dull golden-yellow, covered with an open network of
slight russet; flesh white, melting, juicy, sweet, and delicious, much
like Louise Bonne de Jersey, but superior to it; Aug.
=Pushkin. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
_Pyrus ovoidea_ x R. & K. 533, a Russian pear. Originated by N. E.
Hansen, Brookings, S. D., and introduced by him in 1919.
=Queen Jargonelle. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 3d Ser. =2=:369. 1887.
Of unknown origin but it appears to have been disseminated by the Rev.
W. Kingsley, Thirsk, Yorkshire, Eng. Fruit soft, juicy and agreeable;
Aug.
=Queen Victoria. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 635. 1884.
Raised by Mr. W. Willison, a florist at Whitby, Yorkshire, Eng. Fruit
medium, obovate, even in its contour, greenish-yellow at maturity, with
a crust of cinnamon-russet on the side next the sun; flesh tender,
juicy, sweet, and with an almond flavor; end of Aug.
=Quiletette. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:388. 1843. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees
Am._ 840. 1869. This is a Van Mons seedling, and was exhibited at the
fifteenth annual exhibition of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society
in September, 1843, by R. Manning of Salem. Fruit nearly medium,
globular, a little flattened, greenish, nearly covered with dull
iron-colored russet; flesh white, buttery, melting, rich, sweet and
perfumed; an odd-looking fruit, scarcely good; Nov.
=Quince. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 46. 1866. A seedling raised by S.
A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., and fruited in 1862. Fruit diameter 3
inches; skin lumpy and nodular; flesh fine-grained, juicy and sweet;
great bearer; Sept.
=Quinn. 1.= _Horticulturist._ =22=:42, 117, fig. 25. 1867.
P. T. Quinn, Newark, N. J., submitted specimens of this pear to the
Committee of the Farmers' Club of the American Institute which issued
a report upon it on January 2d, 1867. The pear had been imported
by Professor Mapes and the name lost, and at a previous meeting the
Committee had named it Quinn. Fruit below medium, pyriform, tapering
rapidly toward the stem end; skin inclined to golden-russet; flesh rich
and juicy and in flavor and aroma occupies the first rank; good; Jan.
and keeps till Mar.
=Rainbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:166. 1856.
Hesse, Ger., 1816. Fruit medium, ovate, somewhat swelled; skin
polished, pale light green turning to lemon-yellow, without any red
blush, sprinkled with numerous fine light brown dots, fine russet on
the side next the sun; flesh granular, vinous and highly aromatic;
first for culinary use; mid-Oct.
=Rallay. 1.= Elliott _Fr. Book_ 382. 1854.
An old variety of unknown origin. Fruit small to medium,
globular-acute-pyriform; skin rough, dull yellow, dull reddish cheek,
dotted all over with russet; flesh yellowish-white, breaking, juicy,
gritty; good; Nov. and Dec.
=Rameau. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 239. 1854. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._
=2=:572, fig. 1869.
_Silberästige Gewürzbirne._ =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:15.
1856.
A seedling of Van Mons distinct from _Besi des Veterans._ Fruit above
medium, oblong-oval; skin thick, rough, greenish, gray or bronzed on
sunny side, stained and dotted with dark russet; flesh yellowish-white,
very fine, melting, juicy, sweet, acidulous, aromatic; inferior.
=Ramilies. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 165. 1841. =2.= Bunyard _Handb.
Hardy Fr._ 195. 1920.
Described in 1842 in the London Horticultural Society's Catalog of
Fruits. Fruit large, obovate, yellow obscured with russet, red next the
sun, beautiful in appearance; flesh breaking; very good for cooking;
Nov. to Feb.
=Rankin. 1.= _Van Lindley Nurs. Cat._ 53. 1913.
Introduced by J. Van Lindley Nursery Company about 1905 and said to
be a seedling of Duchesse d'Angoulême picked up from the side of the
Southern Railway by W. H. Rankin, Guilford County, N. C. Tree strong,
hardy. Fruit similar to Duchesse d'Angoulême but two weeks earlier.
=Rannaja. 1.= _Iowa Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1880.
Imported by Professor Budd from the northern steppes of Russia, where
the summers are fully as dry and hot and the winters far more severe
than those of Iowa; said to unite well with the apple when root or top
grafted.
=Rapelje. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =1=:239, fig. 62. 1846.
A native variety introduced by Professor Stephens, Astoria, Long
Island. Fruit medium, obovate, sometimes obtuse, and sometimes
acute-pyriform, yellowish, covered with cinnamon-russet; flesh whitish,
somewhat granular, juicy, melting, with a sweet, vinous, aromatic
flavor; variable, sometimes poor; Sept.
=Rastlerbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 18, fig. 1913.
Found in Northern Tyrol and the Austrian Province of the
Voralberg. Fruit large, globular-turbinate, almost acute, green
turning yellow-green when ripe, faintly blushed; flesh granular,
greenish-white; a very good perry pear and suitable for baking; Oct.
and Nov.
=Rateau Blanc. 1.= _Pom. France_ =4=:No. 155, Pl. 155. 1865.
A variety of unknown origin, but cultivated from very early times in
the Gironde, Fr., and much esteemed in the markets of the Pyrenees.
Fruit above medium, irregular in form, usually pyramidal or long-ovate,
sides unequal; skin rough to the touch, orange-yellow, shaded with
green, whitish on the cheek opposed to the sun, stained with fawn
around the stalk and covered, particularly on the lower part, with
russet and large gray dots; flesh whitish, coarse, semi-breaking; juice
rather deficient, slightly acidulous, somewhat saccharine; second for
the table, first for the kitchen; Mar.
=Ravenswood. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 196. 1858.
Ravenswood was a seedling found in the woods of Astoria, L. I.,
and transplanted to the grounds of Charles Ehrard. Fruit small,
obovate-pyriform, pale yellow, with sometimes a tinge of red in the sun
and thickly sprinkled with green dots; flesh whitish, slightly coarse,
extremely full of vinous, carbonated juice, with a rich aromatic
flavor; good to very good, superior to most pears of its period;
mid-July to mid-Aug.
=Ravut. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 71. 1876.
_Ravu._ =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =25=:256. 1859.
Described by M. Baltet, Troyes, Fr., as a new fruit, in 1859. Tree
moderately vigorous and very productive. Fruit medium, turbinate, pale
yellow, dotted with russet; flesh fine, melting, sugary, remaining
sound when ripe; Aug. and Sept.
=Raymond. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 183. 1832.
Raised by Joseph Wight, Raymond, Me. Fruit medium, obovate-pyriform,
yellow, marked with russet near the stalk and tinged with a little
red toward the sun, thickly sprinkled with russet dots; flesh white,
buttery, melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; good to very good; Sept.
=Raymond de Montlaur. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 103. 1876.
On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1876, and in
1895 placed in their list of pears of little value. Fruit very large,
beautiful in form and color; flesh very white, fine, melting and very
juicy, saccharine, and agreeably aromatic; Oct.
=Raymould. 1.= _Ohio Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 8. 1895.
Mentioned in a report of the Committee on New Fruits of the Ohio State
Horticultural Society in 1895. Fruit fair but not of sufficient size or
quality to be recommended for cultivation.
=Re Umberto primo. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 224. 1896.
Published in France in 1896 as a new Italian variety. Fruit ovate,
lemon-yellow, dotted with small rough points; flesh rather breaking,
slightly acidulous, very saccharine and highly perfumed.
=Reading. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:173. 1853. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
841. 1869.
A native variety, new about 1853. Introduced by Charles Kessler.
Originated in Oley Township, Reading, Pa. Fruit medium to large,
obovate-pyriform, tapering to the crown, yellow, thickly dotted with
brown points and sprinkled with russet; flesh greenish-white, abounding
in juice of a mild and agreeable flavor, melting, vinous; good; Jan. to
Mar.
=Recq de Pambroye. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1895.
Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1895 classed this among "new
varieties" and stated that they had received it from M. Daras de
Naghin, Antwerp, Bel. Tree rather vigorous, forward according to
accounts, fertile. Fruit medium or rather large, bronze in color,
washed with red on the side exposed to the sun; flesh fine, juicy,
sugary, vinous; Jan.
=Red Garden. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 841. 1869.
Raised by Josiah Youngken, Richlandtown, Pa. Fruit medium,
obovate-pyriform, pale yellow, shaded and mottled with a few crimson
dots on the side next the sun, netted and patched with russet and
thickly sprinkled with brown dots; flesh whitish, a little coarse,
juicy, melting, sweet, pleasant; good to very good; Sept.
=Red Pear. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 636. 1884.
A perry pear grown largely in Herefordshire, Eng. Fruit small,
globular, even and regular in outline, inclining to turbinate, almost
entirely covered with rather bright red, yellow around the stalk where
shaded, sprinkled all over with pale gray dots; flesh quite yellow,
firm, dry and gritty.
=Redfield. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 195. 1867.
Raised from seed by J. W. Crosby, St. George, Utah, and first fruited
in 1861. Fruit in size, shape and color resembles Bartlett, but is a
little more tapering at the stem, yellowish-green, with a brownish-red
cheek; flesh sweet, sprightly, melting; ripens a little later than
Bartlett.
=Refreshing. 1.= _Rural N. Y._ 242, figs. 133, 134. 1885.
Raised by Benjamin Macomber, Grand Isle, Vt. Fruit below medium, bright
golden yellow; stem stout, medium long, in a small cavity; flesh
whitish, juicy, melting, sweet; very good; Sept.
=Regina Margherita. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 224. 1896.
An Italian pear published in 1896 as a new variety. Fruit in form
similar to that of Passe Crassane, greenish-yellow, washed with green;
flesh very saccharine, somewhat acid, buttery, perfumed.
=Régine. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 841. 1869.
A Van Mons seedling. Fruit medium, globular-pyriform, greenish-yellow,
with slight nettings of russet and thickly sprinkled with green and
brown dots; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, pleasant; good; Sept.
=Regnier. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 185. 1854.
A native variety which originated with Madame Regnier, Philadelphia,
Pa. Reported by the Committee on Fruits of the American Pomological
Society in 1854. Fruit above medium, ovate, yellow, with usually a
colored cheek; very good.
=Reichenäckerin. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:10. 1856.
Württemberg, Ger., 1847. Fruit medium, globular, dark green, with
brownish blush, gray dots; first for household; mid-Dec. and Jan.
=Reine des Belges. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:578, fig. 1869.
A seedling raised by Van Mons at Louvain, Bel., in 1832, Fruit above
medium, ovate, tending to globular, always slightly mammillate at
the top; skin fine and shining, pale yellow, sprinkled with very
small russet dots, and slightly blushed with tender rose on the side
exposed to the sun; flesh very white, a little coarse, melting or
semi-breaking, watery, rather granular at center; juice saccharine,
vinous, perfumed; second; Sept.
=Reine d'Hiver. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 841. 1869.
Fruit small, globular-oblate, yellow, with a brownish tinge on the
cheek exposed to the sun and with nettings, patches and dots of russet;
flesh yellowish, melting, juicy, sweet, pleasant; good; Nov.
=Reine des Poires. 1.= Manning _Book of Fruits_ 84. 1828. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:581, fig. 1869.
The Count de Coloma came into possession of the garden of the Nunnery
of the Riches-Claires, Mechlin, Bel., directly after the suppression of
the order in 1786 and two years later made seed beds from which were
raised, among other good varieties, the Reine des Poires. Fruit below
medium, turbinate-ovate but irregular in form; skin rather thick and
yet tender, green dotted with small brown points, changing to yellow,
much covered with a brownish-red russet; flesh whitish, semi-fine,
melting; juice abundant, saccharine and acidulous, with an exquisite
perfume; first; Oct.
=Reine des Précoces. 1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:201, fig. 99. 1866-73.
Probably of Belgian origin. Fruit small, globular-turbinate or nearly
globular, regular in contour; skin thick, at first intense green
sprinkled with numerous large, prominent, gray-green dots; the basic
green changes to yellow on the shaded side and intense brownish-red on
the side of the sun; flesh white, rather coarse, semi-buttery, a little
gritty at the center, little juice or sugar, rather agreeable; second;
end of July.
=Reine des Tardives. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1876.
Published by M. Bruant in 1865. Fruit rather large, vivid yellow; flesh
juicy, saccharine; easily keeps till June.
=Reine Victoria. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 842. 1869.
Said to be a seedling from Van Mons. Fruit medium,
obovate-acute-pyriform, greenish-yellow, with shades and patches of
fawn; flesh white, tinted with rose, fine, melting, juicy, sweet; Dec.
=Reliance. 1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 24. 1890.
Introduced by P. J. Berckmans to the Georgia State Horticultural
Society and accepted by that Society in 1890. It was raised from seed
sown in 1857, and named Reliance "because it bears every year." Fruit
small; a dessert pear almost as good as Seckel, rated as very good;
summer season.
=Remy Chatenay. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree healthy and of fair vigor, very
fertile, and suitable for all forms of cultivation. Fruit of the form
and appearance of Beurré d'Arenberg though not so large or delicate;
matures in the spring.
=René Dunan. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis at Metz, Lorraine, in 1895 and at
Agassiz, British Columbia and other Canadian Experiment Stations
in 1900. The tree pyramidal and very fertile. Fruit very large,
lemon-yellow, vermilioned on the side of the sun; flesh fine, melting,
acidulous, recalling the flavor of the Beurré Gris; Nov. and Dec.
=Rettigbirne. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 527. 1817. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ.
Obstkunde_ =2=:34. 1856.
Of German origin. Reported in 1815. Fruit small, globular-pyriform,
medium ventriculous, light yellow, dotted with gray, and speckled with
brown; flesh acid and aromatic; first for all purposes; beginning of
Sept. for three weeks.
=Reuterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:189. 1856.
Nassau, Prussia, 1807. Fruit almost small, ovate, ventriculous, uneven
in outline, pale yellow-green turning to light lemon-yellow, often
covered with thin russet on the side of the sun; flesh dense, juicy,
wanting in flavor, sweet and acidulous; third for dessert, first for
household; Oct.
=Rewell. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The good Rewell is a reasonable great peare, as good to bake as to
eate rawe, and both wayes it is a good fruit."
=Reymenans. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:152. 1856.
A Van Mons seedling. Belgium, 1825. Fruit small, turbinate-globular,
even in contour, light green turning to lemon-yellow, without any red
blush, sprinkled with fine dots, with delicate russet on the cheek
next the sun; skin without scent; flesh semi-melting, sweet, aromatic;
second for dessert, first for household and market; Feb. and Mar.
=Reynaert Beernaert. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =26=:220. 1860. =2.= Mas _Pom.
Gen._ 6:21, fig. 395. 1880.
Obtained by M. Bivort, director of the Society Van Mons, Bel. Fruit
medium or nearly large, globular, flattened at both poles, regular
in contour; skin rather thick, water-green, sprinkled with numerous
large and regularly-spaced, gray dots, turning at maturity to dull
yellowish-green and the side next the sun golden or orange colored;
flesh whitish, coarse, semi-melting, wanting in juice and sugar, vinous
but without appreciable perfume; second; Nov.
=Rheinische Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:6. 1856.
Westphalia, a province of Prussia, 1802. Fruit large, ovate, light
green turning pale yellow, without any blush, strongly dotted; flesh
breaking, juicy, aromatic; first for household use; Oct.
=Rheinische Herbstapothekerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_
=2=:178. 1856.
Nassau, Prussia, 1805. Fruit very large, conic, often very irregular in
form, light yellow-green turning to pale light yellow, often stained
blood-red, covered with very numerous and minute spots, speckled and
marked with russet; flesh whitish, granular, semi-melting, sweet and
aromatic; second for table, first for cooking.
=Rheinische Paradiesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:169. 1856.
Thuringia, Ger., 1801. Fruit large, conic, yellow, blushed and streaked
with light red, dotted with yellow; flesh yellow, gritty around the
center, sweet; third for the table, first for culinary use; end of Oct.
and Nov.
=Rhenser Schmalzbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:63. 1856.
The German Rhineland, 1833. Fruit fairly large, pyriform, smooth,
yellow, blushed with blood-red, covered with fine dots; flesh
yellowish, breaking, sweet, aromatic; third for dessert, first for
kitchen; Jan. to Mar.
=Richards. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =22=:540. 1856. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees
Am._ 842. 1869.
Originated at Wilmington, Del. It was placed on the list of the
American Pomological Society in 1856 at its biennial session at
Rochester. Fruit medium, obovate-acute-pyriform, yellow sprinkled
with numerous small russet dots and patches of russet; flesh buttery,
melting, granular, with a sweet, pleasantly vinous flavor; good; Oct.
=Richardson. 1.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 570. 1885.
Fruit rather large, obovate; flesh melting, sprightly, pleasant; Oct.
=Riche Dépouille. 1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:205. 1832.
A French variety introduced early in the last century. Its name may
be translated Rich-skinned. Fruit large, oblong-obovate, rather
irregular in its outline and resembling in form the Saint Germain,
clear lemon-yellow, with a tinge of scarlet on the side exposed to the
sun, a little mottled with russet, and the whole skin rough like the
skin of an orange; flesh white, melting, without perfume but sweet and
pleasant; late autumn or winter.
=Ridelle. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 87. 1845. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees
Am._ 842. 1869.
Shown at the seventeenth annual exhibition of the Massachusetts
Horticultural Society in September, 1845, by the President of the
Society. Fruit medium, oblate-turbinate, remotely pyriform, yellow
covered nearly all over with bright red; flesh semi-fine, rather juicy,
not melting or delicate in flavor; scarcely good; Sept.
=Riocreux. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1876.
Probably French. Fruit rather large, like Calebasse in form,
symmetrical, yellowish-green; flesh fine, extremely melting, juicy,
with an exquisite perfume; first; Aug. and Sept.
=Ritson. 1.= Ont. Dept. Agr. _Fr. Ont._ 175, figs. 1914.
Originated at Oshawa, Ontario, Can. W. E. Wellington stated that his
grandmother, Mrs. John Ritson, planted the seeds from a pear sent
to her from Boston, and that the tree had stood on the homestead as
long as he could remember. Fruit medium, obovate-pyriform, usually
one-sided, yellow, shaded with golden-russet and numerous minute dots
of a darker hue; flesh medium, creamy-white, fine, tender, buttery,
juicy, sweet, delicately perfumed; dessert, very good to best; Oct.
=Ritter. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =23=:106. 1857.
Dr. Brincklé, chairman of the Committee on Native Fruits of the
American Pomological Society, reported in 1857 that specimens had been
received from Louis Ritter, Reading, Pa. The tree from which they were
obtained was purchased in the spring of 1851 for Seckel, but the tree
instead of having a rounded head is pyramidal in growth. Fruit small,
obovate, greenish-yellow, a good deal russeted, with occasionally a
faint brown cheek; flesh fine texture, melting and buttery, saccharine,
with the full Seckel aroma; best; Oct.
=Rival Dumont. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876. Fruit rather large,
oval-turbinate, russet washed with yellow; flesh melting,
buttery-juicy, aromatic; first; Nov. and Dec.
=Rivers. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:583, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit
Man._ 637. 1884.
A delicious pear raised in 1864 by Leroy at Angers, Fr., and dedicated
by him to Thomas Rivers, the distinguished English pomologist. Fruit
medium, turbinate, regular in outline, greenish, dotted with brown and
almost entirely covered with bright brown-russet; flesh very melting,
white, fine, juicy, saccharine, vinous, refreshing, with a delicate
musky perfume; first; Sept.
=Robert Hogg=. 1. Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:584, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 637. 1884.
Raised by Leroy, Angers, Fr., and named after Doctor Robert Hogg, the
English horticulturist. It first fruited in 1868. Fruit above medium,
ovate, more or less irregular and generally rather swelled in its
lower part; skin slightly rough, rather deep green, much covered with
fawn-colored mottles of russet and small gray dots; flesh whitish,
watery, semi-fine, melting; juice very abundant, saccharine, richly
flavored, aromatic, with an agreeable acidity; first; Sept. and Oct.
=Robert Treel. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1876.
Published by J. de Jonghe, Bel. Tree very fertile. Fruit medium; flesh
melting; first; Feb.
=Robine. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:174, Pl. XXVII. 1768. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 637. 1884.
This is an ancient pear of unascertained origin, though the pomologists
Turpin and Poiteau and others have regarded it as French. It is often
known as the _Royale d'Été_, and has had various other synonyms. Fruit
below medium, globular-turbinate, bright green changing to yellow,
dotted with greenish-gray; flesh white, fine or semi-fine, almost
breaking, rather dry, very saccharine, sweet and having an agreeable
musky flavor; second; mid-Aug.
=Robitaillié père. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 463. 1906.
A French pear raised at the beginning of the present century by M.
Robitaillié. Fruit very large; skin yellow, dotted with green and fawn,
becoming golden at full maturity; flesh fine, saccharine, acidulous,
very juicy; first; season late and prolonged until Jan.
=Rockeneirbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:2. 1856.
South Germany, 1847. Fruit small, smooth and shining; flesh
yellow-white, somewhat blushed; first, for household use and perry;
Sept.
=Roe Bergamot. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 843. 1869.
_Bergamotte de Roe_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:117, fig. 59. 1872.
Raised by William Roe, Newburgh, N. Y. Fruit medium in size, form
oblate or Bergamot-shaped, rather irregular; skin smooth, yellow, with
minute yellow dots on the shaded side, washed with red on the side of
the sun; flesh rather coarse, sweet, rich, perfumed flavor suggestive
of Gansel Bergamot but much more sugary; good to very good; Sept. Tree
fairly vigorous and prolific.
=Rogers. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 157. 1867.
Reported as a new pear in 1867. Fruit said to be similar to the Louise
Bonne de Jersey in shape and size but like the Washington in dots,
markings and flavor; end of Sept.
=Roggenhoferbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 170, fig. 1913.
A perry pear which came first probably from Lower Austria. Fruit small
to medium, turbinate to pyriform, the apex being rather acute; skin
firm, grass-green turning to greenish-yellow, blushed on the sunny
side, dotted all over with numerous gray-brown dots; flesh whitish,
coarse-grained, fairly juicy, subacid; good for cider and drying; end
of Aug.
=Roi-Guillaume. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:91, fig. 238. 1879.
Gained by Van Mons. Fruit medium, ovate, uneven on all its surface;
skin at first pale water-green, sprinkled with brown dots, changing to
lemon-yellow, more golden on the side next the sun and often washed
with orange-red; flesh-white, coarse, granular, rather gritty at core;
juice saccharine and perfumed but rather wanting in amount; third for
the table, good for the kitchen; Sept.
=Roi de Rome. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =6=:51, fig. 1858. =2.= Downing _Fr
Trees Am._ 843. 1869.
The Abbé Duquesnes, to whom we are beholden for many good fruits, found
this pear in Hainaut, Bel. Fruit very large, pyriform, pyramidal,
olive-green, with dark gray shading around the stalk and calyx,
strongly blushed with orange-red and dotted with bright gray on the
side next the sun, and yellow at maturity on the shaded cheek, with
brown-black dots; flesh fine, semi-melting, yellowish-white; juice
abundant, saccharine, with an agreeable perfume; second for table,
first for household; Sept.
=Roitelet. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 843. 1869.
A Flemish pear. Fruit small, globular, yellow,--netted, shaded and
sprinkled with russet; flesh whitish, semi-melting, juicy, sweet; good;
Sept.
=Rokeby. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 844. 1869. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._
=1=:73, fig. 37. 1872.
Gained by M. Bivort, Bel., and first published in 1848. Fruit medium
or below, pyriform, swelled in lower half, lower end flat, bright
green turning to bright yellow in the shade and blood-red on the cheek
exposed to the sun; flesh white, semi-fine, juicy, wanting in quality;
second; Aug. and Sept.
=Rolmaston Duchess. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =29=:148. 1874.
Published in 1874. Fruit medium, pyriform, yellow-green; flesh fine,
melting, juicy, vinous; very good; Oct.
=Ronde du Bosquet. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:586, fig. 1869.
Raised from seed and bore the name of the place where the parent tree,
which was first described in 1863, grew in M. Leroy's grounds, Angers,
Fr. Fruit below medium, irregularly globular and strongly bossed,
bright yellow, dotted with brown, much mottled with russet; flesh
whitish, watery, very fine, melting, rarely gritty; juice abundant,
vinous, saccharine, possessing a delicious perfume; first; Oct.
=Rondelet. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:340. 1846. =2.= _Ibid._ =18=:436, fig.
32. 1852.
Obtained in France by M. François Dehove. Fruit medium, remarkably
oblate, with a slightly uneven surface, much flattened at each end;
skin fair, smooth, green turning yellow at maturity, faintly blushed on
the side next the sun, and thickly dotted with russet intermixed with
a few greenish specks; flesh yellow-white, buttery, melting, juicy,
saccharine and musky; first; Oct.
=Ropes. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =12=:500. 1846. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
844. 1869.
Originated with Mr. Ropes, Salem, Mass., about 1846. Fruit medium,
obovate, cinnamon-russet; stem short; cavity inclined; calyx small,
open, set in a shallow basin; flesh whitish, coarse, melting, juicy,
sugary, aromatic; good; Oct. and Nov.
=Rorreger Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 50, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit large, globular-turbinate to pyriform;
skin smooth, shining green turning yellow, numerous small green dots;
flesh whitish, rather coarse-grained, subacid and very juicy; mid-Oct.
and Nov.
=Rosabirne. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =8=:65. 1853.
A foreign pear introduced to this country as a new variety in the
middle of the last century. Fruit medium, obovate-acute-pyriform,
surface uneven, dull greenish-yellow, almost entirely overspread with
russet; flesh white, melting and juicy, with a delicious, brisk,
subacid flavor, vinous, resembles Brown Beurré; promised to be very
good, one of the best; Oct. and Nov.
=Rosalie Wolters. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 98. 1895.
Published in 1878. Fruit medium, oblong, whitish yellow; flesh
yellowish, fine, very saccharine; first; Oct.
=Rosanne. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:69, fig. 227. 1879.
Origin unknown; Diel states he had received it from Strasland, Prussia.
Fruit medium, ovate-pyriform, symmetrical in contour, green marked with
gray dots, changing at maturity to lemon-yellow, extensively washed on
the side next the sun with wine red, over which are scattered numerous
very distinct, brighter-red dots, giving the pear a great resemblance
to Vermont Beauty; flesh whitish, rather fine, buttery; juice somewhat
deficient but pleasantly acid; good; mid-Aug.
=Rose Doyenné. 1.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 713. 1897.
Fruit rather large, obovate, yellow and crimson; flesh coarse,
granular, flavor poor, rots at core; Oct.
=Rose Water. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
An old English pear. Fruit medium, globular, rough skin, brownish-red;
flesh breaking, of a fine and delicate flavor; of fair quality but
superseded; mid-Sept.
=Rosenhofbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 92, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium, globular-oblate; skin tough,
shining, light yellow when ripe, blushed slightly on the sunny side,
with numerous fine dots; flesh yellow-white, coarse-grained, juicy,
very astringent; Oct.
=Rosenwasserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:41. 1856.
Rheinfalz, Bavaria. Fruit medium, long-turbinate, even in outline;
tender skin, green turning yellowish-white, without dots, often flecked
with dark specks; flesh juicy, with a rose-like aroma, very white,
semi-melting, very good; mid-Aug.
=Rosinenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:73. 1856.
On the Rhine, Ger., 1802. Fruit small, globular-flattened, light green
turning to yellow-green, without any blush, covered with small dots and
russet on the side next the sun, often flecked with dark russet; flesh
breaking, fine, very sweet and aromatic; third for dessert and first
for kitchen; Nov.
=Roslyn. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 844. 1869.
A wilding found on the land of W. C. Bryant, Roslyn, L. I. Fruit
medium, almost spherical, yellow, netted, patched and dotted with
russet; flesh whitish, melting, juicy, slightly vinous; good to very
good; end of Aug.
=Ross. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 165. 1841.
A seedling introduced by Thomas Andrew Knight in 1832. Fruit large,
obovate, yellowish-green interspersed with russet; flesh inclining to
yellow, gritty near the center, rich, juicy, saccharine; second-class
dessert pear; Jan.
=Rossney. 1.= _Pioneer Nurs. Co. Cat._ fig. 1898. =2.= _U. S. D. A.
Yearbook_ 402, Pl. LII. 1904.
Raised in Salt Lake City, Utah, from a mixed lot of Winter Nelis and
Bartlett seed planted for stocks by William Woodberry about 1881,
and introduced by the Pioneer Nurseries Company, Salt Lake City,
in 1898. Fruit medium to large, oval-pyriform, somewhat angular and
ribbed towards the apex, golden yellow, blushed with scarlet and thinly
overspread with a bluish-white bloom; dots numerous, minute, russet;
stem rather long, moderately stout; calyx closed; flesh yellowish,
buttery, juicy, subacid; good; ten days later than Bartlett.
=Rostiezer. 1.= Manning _Book of Fruits_ 72. 1838.
Origin uncertain. It was, however, received from A. N. Baumann,
Bollweiler, Alsace, by R. Manning, Salem, Mass., in 1834 or 1835. Often
called _Early Seckel_ in the west. Fruit medium or below, pyriform,
regular in form, grass-green on the shaded side, reddish on the exposed
face and sprinkled with small gray dots; flesh greenish-white, fine,
melting, rather granular below the core; juice very abundant, vinous,
acidulous, very saccharine, with a most delicate flavor; first; last of
Aug.
=Rote Hanglbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 196, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small to medium, spherical; skin
tough, lemon-yellow when ripe, no blush, dotted with russet; flesh
yellowish-white, coarse-grained, juicy, subacid; very good for
transportation; Nov.
=Rote Holzbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 198, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium, globular-turbinate, greenish to
citron-yellow, slightly blushed on the sunny side and densely dotted
with cinnamon; flesh yellowish, rather coarse-grained, very juicy,
subacid; Oct.
=Rote Kochbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 200, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small, globular-turbinate, greatest
diameter at center, flat at base; skin tough, rough, grayish-green,
dull blush on the exposed side; flesh yellowish-white, very firm,
juicy, excessively astringent, subacid; Nov. and Dec.
=Rote Pilchelbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 52, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear of second quality. Fruit fairly large,
pyriform-obtuse, also conic, golden yellow when ripe, red on the
sunny side, plentifully sprinkled with small dots; flesh yellowish,
coarse-grained, very juicy, with subacid flavor; Sept. and Oct.
=Rote Scheibelbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 94, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small to fairly large,
flattened-globular, symmetrical in outline, smooth, polished, dark
green changing to greenish-yellow, blushed on the sunny side, densely
and finely dotted; flesh whitish, coarse, with an aroma peculiar to
itself, subacid and very juicy; Oct.
=Rote Winawitz. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 204, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small to medium, turbinate to pyriform,
very variable; skin firm and rough, yellow when ripe, without any
blush, dotted with numerous fine, russet spots; flesh yellow-white,
coarse-grained, very juicy, subacid, aromatic; Oct. and Nov.
=Rotfleischige Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 220, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small, globular-turbinate, calyx end
flat, leaf-green, dotted with russet and flecked with red; flesh under
the skin firm but near the core softer, coarse-grained, juicy, subacid;
Oct. to mid-Nov.
=Rothbackige Sommerzuckerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:49.
1856.
Germany, 1801. Fruit small, pyriform, smooth, pale green turning to
shining lemon-yellow, lightly blushed on the sunny side, dotted; flesh
rose-tinted, saccharine, semi-melting, granular, deficient in flavor;
second for dessert, first for cuisine and market; Sept.
=Rothe Confesselsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.
German, published in 1766. Fruit medium, oblong, somewhat swelled, skin
thick, gray-green with brown russet; flesh yellowish, semi-melting,
juicy, aromatic, tender; second for table, good for culinary use; Oct.
=Rothe Jakobsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:48. 1856.
Nassau, Ger., 1806. Fruit small, ovate, light green turning
yellow-green, with brownish-red russet; flesh granular, agreeable,
sweet; second for the table, good for household and market purposes;
July.
=Rothe langstielige Honigbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:11.
1856.
Originated near the Rhine, Ger., 1804. Fruit medium, pyriform,
ventriculous and bent, obtuse, sides unequal, light green, changing
to dark red with indistinct yellow and light red spots; flesh tender,
juicy, aromatic; second for the table; good for cooking.
=Rothe oder grosse Pfalzgrafinbirne. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 538. 1817.
=2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:60. 1856.
Germany, 1797. Fruit medium, conic, entirely covered with dark blush,
densely sprinkled with gray dots and dark speckles; flesh yellow-white,
honey-sweet, semi-melting, aromatic; third for the table, first for
kitchen and market; Sept.
=Rothe Rettigbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:34. 1856.
Altenburg, Ger., 1821. Fruit small, spherical, yellow-green, covered
all over with dirty red, densely dotted and speckled with russet; flesh
whitish-yellow, granular, melting, juicy; first for table and cuisine;
Aug.
=Rothe Winterkappesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:167. 1856.
German, 1805. Fruit medium, long-turbinate, often spherical, flattened
and sides unequal, green turning to lemon-yellow, firm and shining,
blushed with red, dotted with gray; flesh rather white, coarse-grained,
acidulous; good for the kitchen; Dec. to Feb.
=Rothe Winterkochbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:192. 1856.
Germany, on the Main, 1805. Fruit medium, obtuse-conic, symmetrical
in contour, smooth and shining, light green turning to a beautiful
lemon-yellow, finely dotted with gray, flecked with russet on the side
opposed to the sun; flesh coarse, saccharine, juicy, wanting in aroma;
third for dessert, very good for household use and market; Nov. and Dec.
=Rothe Zucherlachsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:49. 1856.
Nassau, Germany, 1805. Fruit medium, obtuse-long-conic, yellowish light
green, dark red blush, changing to light lemon-yellow with carmine
cheek, mottled and flecked with brown-russet; flesh semi-melting,
granular, gritty near core, very sweet, vinous and acidulous; second
for the table, very good for kitchen and market; Aug.
=Rother Winterhasenkopf. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:147. 1856.
Nassau, Ger., 1806. Fruit large, irregular in form, sides unequal,
crooked, yellowish pale green turning yellow, with dark blush, very
prominent brown dots; flesh breaking, sweet, acidulous, vinous; third
for table, good for household use; considered by Messrs. Simon-Louis to
be analogous to the Catillac; Jan. to Mar.
=Rothgraue Kirchmessbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:109. 1856.
Hesse, Ger., 1804. Fruit medium to rather large, conic, slightly
bossed, sides unequal; skin rough and covered with brownish-gray
russet, often faintly blushed; flesh yellowish-green, coarse-grained,
sweet, acidulous and musky; second for dessert, first for kitchen;
mid-Sept.
=Rougeaude. 1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =1=:88. 1831.
Fruit medium, pyramidal, fairly regular, skin yellowish on the shaded
side, but about three-fourths of the fruit is of a darker or lighter
shade of red; flesh firm, dry, with some sweetness but insipid and
wanting in flavor; indifferent; Jan.
=Rouget. 1.= Noisette _Man. Comp. Jard._ =2=:537. 1860. =2.= Baltet
_Cult. Fr._ 404, 405. 1908.
The flesh of this small French pear becomes red when cooked and the
confectioners of Paris use large quantities of it obtained from the
neighborhood of Etampes. It is also considered a first class pear for
perry.
=Roulef. 1.= _Can. Hort._ =17=:292, fig. 684. 1894.
Raised from seed by Mr. Mitschurin, Tambow, Russia. Fruit medium,
yellow, firm, vinous; good.
=Rouse Lench. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 165. 1841. =2.= Bunyard _Handb.
Hardy Fr._ 195. 1920.
Raised by T. A. Knight, and first fruited in 1820. In 1850 it was
placed on the "Rejected Fruits" list by the second Congress of Fruit
Growers at New York. Fruit large, long-oval, uneven, pale yellow-green,
with thin russet; no depression at base of very long woody stem; calyx
open, basin shallow; flesh pale yellow, juicy; fair; Jan. and Feb.
=Rousselet Aelens. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =4=:92, fig. 1856. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 844. 1869.
A Belgian pear of unknown origin. Fruit small to medium, turbinate,
obtuse-pyriform, golden yellow at time of maturity, faintly colored
on the sunny side, patches of russet, and dots of grayish red; flesh
yellowish-white, rather fine, melting; juice abundant, sweet and
possessing a decided perfume of the Rousselets; quality would be first
class if the flesh were less granular; Nov.
=Rousselet d'Anvers. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 58. 1895.
A variety raised by M. Daras de Naghin, Antwerp, Bel. Tree vigorous and
fertile, hardy, resisted the great European frost of 1879-1880. Fruit
medium, globular-ovate, yellowish-green, slightly tinged with dark red;
flesh semi-fine, melting, saccharine and well flavored; first; Oct.
=Rousselet Baud. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =3=:177, fig. 185. 1878.
Gained by Dr. Van Mons and mentioned in his Catalog of 1823. Fruit
small or rather small, ovate, more or less swelled, even in outline;
skin a little thick, at first water-green with many very numerous
and small dots, sometimes much covered with cinnamon-colored russet,
changing to citron-yellow and the russet becoming golden on the side
next the sun; flesh yellow-white, rather fine, dense, buttery, melting;
juice sufficient, richly saccharine and perfumed; Oct. and Nov.
=Rousselet Bivort. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =4=:9, fig. 1856. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 845. 1869.
Raised from a bed of the seeds of Simon Bouvier made in the grounds of
the Society Van Mons at Geest-Saint-Rémy, Bel., in 1840. Fruit small,
turbinate; skin smooth, bright green turning to lemon-yellow, shaded
and mottled with russet-fawn especially on the side exposed to the
sun, dotted with brown-black and brown-russet; flesh yellowish-white,
fine, melting, semi-buttery; juice abundant, saccharine and agreeably
perfumed recalling the scent of the Rousselets; good, suitable for
large collections; Oct. to Jan.
=Rousselet Blanc. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =5=:37, fig. 307. 1880.
Raised by Van Mons and cataloged by him in 1823. Fruit rather small,
globular-turbinate, even in contour, bright green, whitish, a few very
small, bright, gray dots, no russet, at maturity it becomes pale yellow
and the side next the sun is blushed extensively with bright blood-red,
a white bloom covering the whole surface of the fruit and numerous
very small dots of golden-yellow appearing on the red; flesh whitish,
rather fine, semi-buttery; juice sufficient, sugary, vinous, with the
agreeable perfume of the Rousselets; first; Aug.
=Rousselet de la Cour. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:589, fig. 1869.
A wilding found on a farm which adjoined M. Leroy's nurseries of La
Cour at Angers, Fr. Fruit below medium, turbinate, regular, acute, one
side usually larger than the other; skin rough and thick, bronzed all
over and covered with gray or white dots; flesh white, fine, breaking,
watery; juice abundant, saccharine, sourish, with an agreeable perfume;
second; end of Sept. and beginning of Oct.
=Rousselet Decoster. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 845. 1869.
Raised by Van Mons. Tree of medium vigor but very weak on quince stock.
Fruit small to medium, globular-ovate, pale yellow, mottled with
golden-russet and tinted with brownish-red; flesh yellowish, buttery,
very saccharine, with the characteristic perfume of the Rousselets;
first; Oct. and Nov.
=Rousselet Doré d'Hiver. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:590, fig. 1869.
Origin unknown, though Leroy, Angers, Fr., possessed it about 1845.
Fruit below medium, variable in form, turbinate, slightly obtuse,
or turbinate and spherical and nearly always larger on one side
than on the other; skin thick and rough, shining, some bright and
golden-russet, some small, brown and green spots; flesh whitish, fine,
semi-melting, juicy, saccharine, vinous, fairly well perfumed; second;
Feb. and Mar.
=Rousselet Hâtif. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:148. 1768. =2.=
Downing Fr. Trees Am. 846. 1869.
_Early Rousselet_. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 571. 1884.
The origin of this pear is uncertain though it was probably French,
for in 1600 it was under cultivation at Orléans, Fr., according to Le
Lectier. Fruit small, pyriform, slightly obtuse, sides often unequal;
skin fine, lemon-yellow on the shaded side, and vivid red sprinkled
with gray spots on the side next the sun; flesh yellowish, fine,
semi-breaking and crisp; juice well perfumed, saccharine, abundant and
aromatic; second; mid-July.
=Rousselet de Janvier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:594, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 845. 1869.
Gained by Alexandre Bivort, director of the nurseries of the Society
Van Mons at Geest-Saint-Rémy, Bel., in 1848. Fruit medium, generally
regular-ovate; skin slightly rough, lemon-yellow in the shade, washed
with red-brown on the other cheek; flesh yellowish; very fine,
melting; juice sufficient and fairly saccharine, vinous and richly
perfumed; second; Dec. and Jan.
=Rousselet Jaune d'Été.= =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =3=:23, fig. 108. 1878.
_Gelbe Sommerrusselet._ =2.= Christ _Handb._ 546. 1817.
French, 1801. Fruit small; skin rough, almost entirely covered with
brilliant red, densely covered with small gray dots, scentless; flesh
granular, melting, saccharine, sweet; second for table, first for
household; Sept.
=Rousselet de Jodoigne.= =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =6=:69, fig. 419. 1880.
Described in 1876 as a "recent" gain of M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel.
Fruit small globular-turbinate, obtuse at apex; skin rather firm,
bright and vivid green, sprinkled with numerous very small dots of
gray-green, russeted around the calyx and lower part of the fruit;
flesh white, tinted with green, semi-fine, semi-buttery; juice
abundant, saccharine, acidulous, having the characteristic Rousselet
perfume.
=Rousselet de Jonghe.= =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 639. 1884.
Fruit small, obovate, curved, uneven and irregular in its outline; skin
smooth, of a uniform lemon; flesh yellow, fine-grained, firm, melting
and juicy, with a very rich, sugary flavor; its delicious flavor
compensates for its small size; Nov. and Dec.
=Rousselet de Meestre.= =1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 639. 1884.
Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform or pyramidal; skin smooth and shining,
golden yellow, thickly dotted all over with large brown-russet
freckles; flesh semi-buttery, firm, fairly juicy, and well flavored; of
indifferent quality.
=Rousselet Panaché.= =1.= _Guide Prat._ 80. 1876. A variegated variety
of French origin and new about 1825. Fruit small, short-ovate,
greenish-yellow, with light and dark streakings; first for dessert and
household; end of Sept.
=Rousselet de Pomponne.= =1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =6=:67, fig. 418. 1880.
Obtained by MM. Pradel, nurserymen at Montauban, Fr. Fruit small,
globular-ovate or nearly globular, even in outline, pale green at
first, sprinkled with numerous large, regularly spaced dots of gray
circled with darker green, changing at maturity to pale yellow and
washed on the side opposed to the sun with bright rosy-red on which
the dots are blood-red; flesh white, semi-breaking; juice sufficient,
saccharine, with little flavor; second; mid-Aug.
=Rousselet Précoce.= =1.= _Mag. Hort._ =18=:151. 1852. 2. Mas _Pom.
Gen._ =6=:91, fig. 430. 1880.
This is the variety known in Germany as _Frühe Geishirtlebirne_
and must be distinguished from the _Rousselet hâtif_ or _Poire de
Chypre_ of Duhamel. It was classed in 1851 by Mr. Cabot, President of
the Massachusetts Horticultural Society, among the new or recently
introduced fruits. Fruit rather small, pyriform, regular in contour,
vivid green slightly touched with yellow, sprinkled with very numerous,
very small, gray dots, changing at maturity to lemon-yellow, preserving
sometimes a tone of green, the side next the sun being washed with
blood-red spots having yellow centers; flesh whitish, fine, tender,
semi-buttery, juicy, saccharine, and scented with the perfume of the
Rousselets; good; mid-July.
=Rousselet de Rheims. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:147, Pl. XI.
1768. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 196. 1920.
This pear is of very ancient and uncertain origin. Many authors have
endeavored to trace it back to the days of the Romans. But Pliny and
the other Latin horticulturists did not give descriptions of their
fruits sufficiently technical to enable us to make identification of
their varieties with ours certain. It is, however, clear that the
Rousselet de Rheims has existed, particularly around the city of Reims,
Fr., for some centuries. Fruit small, turbinate, regular in form,
rarely very obtuse, bright green or yellow-green, sprinkled with large
and small gray-russet dots and extensively shaded with reddish-brown
on the side opposed to the sun; flesh white, fine or semi-fine, almost
melting, not very juicy, rich in sugar, acidulous, refreshing, highly
perfumed; one of the best early pears for dessert, very good for
candying; Sept.
=Rousselet de Rheims Panaché. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:597, fig.
1869. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 639. 1884.
A variety similar in all respects to the preceding, of which it is a
bud sport, except that the leaves and fruit are striped with yellow and
green. Its propagation antedates 1830.
=Rousselet Royal. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1876.
On trial with Messrs. Simon-Louis, Metz, Lorraine, in 1876. Fruit
medium; first; Sept.
=Rousselet Saint Nicolas. 1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =3=:Pt. 2, 13, fig. 103.
1866-73.
Obtained by M. Bivort. Fruit small, turbinate-ventriculous, gray-green
tinted with yellow, sprinkled with large brown or green dots, numerous
and evenly distributed, changing at maturity to pale yellow, the
side exposed to the sun being washed with brown-red on which are
blackish-red dots; flesh yellowish, very fine, melting, rather gritty
at the center, full of sweet juice, saccharine, agreeably perfumed;
good; Oct.
=Rousselet Saint-Quentin. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:53, fig. 507. 1881.
_De Quentin_. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 635. 1884.
Gained by M. Van Dooren, a former director of the middle school at
Namur, Bel. Fruit small or medium on a pruned tree, globular-ovate or
globular-conic, symmetrical in its contour, somber green sprinkled with
large, widely spaced gray dots, changing to yellow, and well colored
with brownish-red on the side next the sun; flesh white, slightly
greenish, fine, buttery; juice sufficient, saccharine, having the
characteristic perfume of the Rousselets; first; Sept. and Oct.
=Rousselet Saint Vincent. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =16= 296. 1850. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:598, fig. 1869.
The origin of this pear is uncertain. It seems probable to Leroy
that it was raised by Van Mons. In this country it was placed on the
Rejected List by the second Congress of Fruit Growers at New York
in 1850. Fruit above medium, globular-ovate, irregular in outline
especially at the summit, bright yellow, dotted with russet; flesh
white, fine, juicy, saccharine, acidulous, of a delicate flavor though
not recalling in the least that of the Rousselets; first; Oct.
=Rousselet de Stuttgardt. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 639. 1884.
_Des Chevriers de Stuttgardt_. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =1=:558, fig.
1867.
_Stuttgarter Geisshirtel_. 3. Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 289. 1881.
It is said that this was a wilding found by a shepherd in the
neighborhood of Stuttgart, Ger., before 1779. Fruit below medium,
pyriform, fine, tender, at first dark water-green sprinkled with very
numerous large dots of a darker shade, changing to yellow-green,
tinged on the side next the sun with brownish-red on which the dots
become yellow; the surface is covered with a characteristic sort of
grayish-white bloom which passes to a rosy-violet on the bright parts;
flesh greenish, not very fine but tender, buttery, sufficiently juicy,
aromatic; first; Aug.
=Rousselet Thaon. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:73, fig. 229. 1879.
The Bulletin of the Van Mons Society appears to indicate that
Rousselet Thaon was a gain of M. Bivort. Fruit small, short-turbinate,
symmetrical in outline; skin thick, firm, bright green dotted with
darker green changing to pale yellow, the side next the sun being more
golden and washed with brown-red on fruits well exposed; flesh white,
coarse, semi-buttery; juice moderate in amount but saccharine and
perfumed with musk; second; Sept. and Oct.
=Rousselet Theuss. 1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:37, fig. 17. 1866-73.
In his abridged descriptive Catalog published at Louvain in 1823 Van
Mons stated that the Rousselet Theuss was raised by him. Fruit small
or nearly medium, ovate-turbinate; skin rather thick and firm, at
first bright water-green, sprinkled with gray-green dots turning pale
yellow and encrimsoned on the side next the sun, sometimes very vividly
on well-exposed fruits; flesh white, slightly yellow under the skin,
semi-fine, melting, full of saccharine juice, acidulous, well perfumed
with the characteristic Rousselet scent; owing to its excellence and
beauty this pear deserves a place in the fruit garden as well as in the
large orchard; Aug.
=Rousselet Vanderwecken. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =3=:41, fig. 1855.
Raised by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Tree pyramidal, of good vigor,
very productive. Fruit small, turbinate to ovoid, yellow; stem short,
curved, rather thick; calyx large for the size of the fruit, open;
flesh white, fine, melting, very juicy, very sweet, musky, strongly
aromatic; first; Nov.
=Rousseline. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:153, Pl. XV. 1768. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 847. 1869.
Merlet, the French pomologist, writing in 1675 appears to have been the
first to describe this pear and he said it was well named Rousseline
being so similar to Rousselet in the buttery character of its flesh
and its extraordinarily musky flavor. Fruit below medium, pyriform
inclining to obovate, swollen in the middle and narrowing obtusely
toward the calyx and more acutely toward the stalk, dull green
dotted with brown scales and partly covered with large russet stains
intermingled with gray mottlings; flesh white, fine, semi-melting,
some grit around the center; juice rarely abundant, highly saccharine,
vinous and musky; second; Nov. and Dec.
=Rousselon. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:601, fig. 1869. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 847. 1869.
This variety was gained by Major Espéren of Mechlin, Bel.; it fruited
for the first time in 1846. Fruit medium and above, ovate, much
swelled in its lower part and contracted near its summit; skin very
shining, yellow-ochre, dotted with gray-russet, stained with the same
at either extremity and carmined on the cheek touched by the sun; flesh
yellow-white, semi-fine, semi-breaking, granular around the core; juice
rather deficient, saccharine, sweet, more or less perfumed, rather
delicate; second; Feb. to Apr.
=Roux Carcas. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 55. 1865. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._
=2=:602, fig. 1869.
This pear bears the name of a nurseryman at Carcassone, Aude, Fr., who
raised it in 1863. Fruit below medium or small, globular, flattened at
both poles and often slightly bossed, yellow-green dotted with small
gray points, slightly marbled with russet; flesh whitish, coarse,
semi-melting, gritty at center; juice abundant, musky, and saccharine,
possessing a rather astringent after-taste; second; end of Aug.
=Rové. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 83. 1895.
A perry pear which originated in the neighborhood of Metz, Lorraine,
and is in much request there. Fruit rather large, orange-yellow, well
colored with red; flesh breaking, juicy, saccharine, of an agreeable
flavor; of first quality for perry and for cooking and also rather good
to eat; end of winter and spring.
=Rowling. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"The Rowling peare is a good peare, but hard, and not good before it
bee a little rowled or bruised, to make it eate the more mellow."
=Royal. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 847. 1869.
Raised from seed by Thomas R. Peck, Waterloo, N. Y. Fruit medium,
globular-pyriform, yellow largely covered with thin crimson on the
side next the sun, sprinkled with brown and russet dots; flesh white,
melting, juicy, sweet, slightly aromatic; good to very good; Sept.
=Royal d'Hiver. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:191, Pl. XXXV. 1768.
=2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 640. 1884.
The origin of the Royal d'Hiver is uncertain. In 1704 Le Gentil,
director of the orchard at the Chartreux Convent of Paris, said that it
was a new pear and had been brought from Constantinople for the King
(Louis XIV). The Turkish origin of the pear, however, was probably
based on not much more than hearsay. Fruit large, turbinate-obtuse,
bossed; skin fine, dull lemon-yellow, washed with orange-red on the
side next the sun, dotted and marbled with fawn; flesh yellow-white,
fine, melting or semi-melting, juicy, saccharine, sweet and having a
pleasant, musky flavor; good; Nov. to Jan.
=Royale Vendée. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:607, fig. 1869.
Count Eugene of Nouhes obtained this variety from seed at la
Cacaudière, in the commune of Pouzauges, Vendée, Fr., in 1860. Fruit
medium, globular-ovate, bossed; skin rough, dark yellowish-green,
lightly marbled with gray and bright fawn; flesh citrine, fine, very
melting and juicy, with a saccharine, sprightly flavor and delicate
perfume; very good; Jan. to Mar.
=Ruhschiebler. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 96, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit small to medium, globular-turbinate,
yellow-green, with large and small russet dots; flesh coarse, juicy,
with a strong acid taste; good for transportation; end of Sept. and
Oct.
=Rummelter Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:193. 1856. =2.=
Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 98, fig. 1913.
A perry pear grown extensively in Austria and Germany. Fruit medium,
turbinate-oblate, light green, heavily sprinkled with gray dots,
turning orange-yellow, with russet on the exposed side; flesh white,
very coarse, subacid; end of Sept. to Nov.
=Runde gelbe Honigbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:162. 1856.
Saxony, 1804. Fruit medium, turbinate-oblate, light green turning
white and straw color with a vivid light blush, fine light brown dots;
flesh yellow-white, coarse-grained, gritty near center, astringent,
honey-sweet; very good for household use and perry; end of Sept. for
three or four weeks.
=Runde Sommerpomeranzenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:150.
1856.
Trieste, Austria, 1805. Fruit small, globular-ovate, flattened,
sides unequal, yellowish light green turning to light lemon-yellow
tinged with green and often slightly blushed with dull red; flesh
semi-melting, aromatic; first for dessert, household and market;
beginning of Sept. for fourteen days.
=Russbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:173. 1856.
Thuringia, Ger., 1803. Fruit medium, globular-turbinate, variable in
form; skin rough, almost entirely covered with cinnamon-russet, often
with light brown blush; flesh whitish, coarse-grained, saccharine,
breaking, juicy; third for the table, first for household; Nov. and Dec.
=Russelet Petit. 1.= Langley _Pomona_ 132, Pl. LXIV. 1729.
Fruit small, pyramidal, irregular; stem set on one side obliquely; late
Aug.
=Russet Bartlett.=
About 1893 Robert McHinds, Clarksville, N. Y., planted 700 Bartlett
pear trees. When these trees came into bearing, one was found to
produce russet-colored fruits, whence the name Russet Bartlett. The
tree is an exact counterpart of Bartlett in manner of growth and the
fruit differs from Bartlett only in the russet skin. It is, therefore,
not improbable that the variety is a bud sport of Bartlett.
=Russet Catherine. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"The Russet Catherine is a very good middle sized peare."
=Rylsk. 1.= _Can. Hort._ =27=:292. 1894.
Russian. Fruit medium yellow; flesh breaking, sweet; very late.
=S. T. Wright. 1.= _Garden_ =66=:299, fig. 1904.
This English pear raised by Messrs. Veitch, was introduced in
1904 at the Royal Horticultural Society's fruit show in London.
It is the product of Beurré Bachelier and Bartlett. Fruit medium,
oblate-pyriform, rather swelled; skin rich golden; of good flavor; Oct.
=Sabine. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:610, fig. 1869.
The parent tree of this variety was acquired by Van Mons from a garden
at Schaerbeek, Bel., and ripened its fruit first in 1817. Fruit medium,
sometimes irregular-conic, sometimes ovate-pyriform and often rather
deformed in contour; skin rather rough, bright green, dotted uniformly
with dark gray changing to lemon-yellow, washed with thin yet vivid
crimson; flesh white tinted with yellow, fine, melting, rather gritty
around the core, full of sweet juice and delicately perfumed; first;
Dec. and Jan.
=Sabine d'Été. 1.= Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 348. 1831.
Raised in 1819 by M. Stoffels of Mechlin, Bel. Fruit pyramidal,
broadest at the base and tapering to a round, blunt point at the stalk;
skin smooth and even, yellow on the shaded side, and of a fine scarlet,
minutely dotted when exposed to the sun; flesh white, melting, juicy,
highly perfumed; Aug.
=Sacandaga. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 849. 1869.
The parent tree was found on the farm of William Van Vranken,
Edinburgh, N. Y. Fruit small, nearly globular, pale greenish-yellow,
shaded with brownish-crimson, and netted and dotted with russet; flesh
white, juicy, melting, sweet, rich, slightly perfumed; good to very
good; Sept.
=Sächsische Glockenbirne. 1.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 130. 1825.
Saxony. First published in 1816. Fruit medium, spherical, light
citron-yellow turning golden yellow, blushed; flesh firm,
coarse-grained, sweet and musky; third for dessert, good for kitchen
purposes; Oct.
=Sächsische Lange Grüne Winterbirne. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 274. 1889.
_Longue Verte d'Hiver_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:137, fig. 549. 1881.
A pear of German origin and cultivated especially in Thuringia and
Saxony. Fruit medium or nearly medium, conic-pyriform, water-green,
sown with dots of a darker green, passing to greenish-white or
yellowish-white at maturity; flesh white, rather fine, semi-melting,
full of sweet, saccharine juice but without any appreciable perfume;
good; autumn and early winter.
=Safran. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:611, fig. 1869.
An old French pear known in the seventeenth century as the _Saffran
d'Hyver_. Fruit medium and sometimes less, variable in form, usually
ovate, very globular and irregular or slightly long-conic; skin rather
rough, saffron-yellow, shaded with gray, dotted, veined and marked with
brown-russet; flesh yellowish, semi-melting, and semi-fine, granular;
juice sufficient, saccharine, acidulous, with a perfume resembling that
of fennel rather than of musk; third; Oct. to Jan.
=Saint André. 1.= Hovey _Fr. Am._ =1=:79, fig. 1851. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ =2=:613, fig. 1869.
The origin of this pear is unascertainable but it was introduced to
this country by R. Manning, Salem, Mass., who imported cions of it from
Messrs. Baumann, nurserymen, Bollwiller, Fr. (Bollweiler, Alsace), in
1834 or 1835. Fruit medium or below, ovate, rather symmetrical, bossed
and sometimes a little ventriculated in its lower half; skin fine
and smooth, yellow-green, dotted and streaked with gray, very rarely
colored on the cheek next the sun; flesh greenish-white, fine and most
melting, extremely juicy, sweet, saccharine, slightly vinous, delicate
and highly perfumed; first; Oct.
=Saint Andrew. 1.= Langley _Pomona_ 131. 1729.
Described in 1729 as one of the best pears in England. Fruit large,
oblong, very obtuse, greatest diameter two-thirds down toward the base,
diminished only slightly toward the stem; Sept.
=Saint Aubin sur Riga. 1.= McIntosh _Bk. Gard._ =2=:461. 1855.
"A New Jersey pear of much excellence either as a wall or standard."
Fruit large; flesh melting, tender, of rich flavor; excellent; Jan. and
Feb.
=Saint-Augustin. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:230, Pl. LVIII, fig.
3. 1768. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:614, fig. 1869.
An old French pear published in 1650 by Ménage. Fruit below medium,
pyriform-ovate, rather regular in form, slightly obtuse, dirty yellow,
dotted with gray, stained with fawn around both poles and sometimes
slightly clouded with brown-red on the side next the sun; flesh white,
semi-fine, breaking; juice rather wanting, sweet, saccharine, slightly
musky and pleasant; second; Feb. to Apr.
=Saint Denis. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 849. 1869.
Fruit small, turbinate and uneven in its outline, pale yellow, with a
crimson cheek and thickly dotted with crimson dots; flesh semi-melting,
very juicy and sweet, with a fine aroma; good; Aug. and Sept.
=Saint Dorothée. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:110. 1848. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 849. 1869.
A variety received in this country from France and fruited here for the
first time in 1847. Fruit large, fusiform or spindle-shaped, bright
lemon-yellow; flesh fine, buttery, with a saccharine, sprightly and
highly perfumed flavor; good; Oct. and Nov.
=Saint François. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:616, fig. 1869.
Until 1675 when Merlet described it this variety was little known
and he then called it _de Grillon_ or _Bonne-Amet_ but in 1690 on
re-printing and completing his work he spoke of it as the Saint
François. Fruit above medium and sometimes very large, long-conic,
slightly obtuse and bossed, one side more swelled than the other,
dull greenish-yellow, finely dotted with brown, widely stained with
fawn around the stem and more or less flecked with the same and
slightly carmined on the side of the sun; flesh white, extremely fine,
semi-breaking, rarely gritty; juice scanty and wanting in sugar, musky,
delicate in flavor; third for eating raw, first for cooking; mid-Nov.
to end of Jan.
=Saint Gallus Weinbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:194. 1856.
Germany, on the Rhine, Württemberg and Baden. First published in 1830.
Fruit small, apple-shaped, often flat-turbinate, medium swelled,
uneven; skin very firm, green, almost entirely covered with a dark,
dirty red blush, scarcely dotted at all; good for household use and
perry; Jan. to Mar.
=Saint George. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:617, fig. 1869.
The Saint George was described by Diel, Stuttgart, Ger., in 1812, as
a French pear originated on the Moselle. Fruit above medium and often
larger, very long and always variable, often of Calebasse form, obtuse
and contorted, sometimes ovate and regular in outline; skin thin,
rough, greenish, much stained with gray around the calyx and covered
with large brown dots and scaly patches of russet; flesh white, fine,
melting, juice abundant, saccharine, acid and vinous, pleasantly
perfumed; first; mid-Sept.
=Saint Germain. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:225, Pl. LII. 1768.
=2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 196. 1920.
Merlet, the French pomologist, wrote in 1680 that this pear originated
from a wilding on the banks of the Fare, a little river in the parish
of Saint Germain d'Areé. Fruit medium or large, long-pyriform, slightly
swelled, often irregular in contour; skin rather thick and rough,
greenish-yellow, dotted with russet, slightly golden on the cheek
exposed to the sun; flesh whitish, fine, very melting, very juicy, rich
in sugar with an agreeable, perfumed flavor; very good, but is gritty
and worthless if grown on cold, moist soil; Nov. to Mar.
=Saint Germain Gris. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:623, fig. 1869.
Found by M. Prévost, long president of the Horticultural Society
of Seine-Inférieure, Fr., in the ancient garden of the Friars of
Saint-Ouen, at Rouen, about the year 1804. Fruit medium to large,
long-ovate, irregular in its upper part and often bossed and elevated
more on one side of the stalk than on the other, grayish-green dotted
with brown; flesh yellowish, semi-fine, melting, saccharine, juicy,
slightly acidulous, with a deliciously scented flavor; first; mid-Dec.
and Jan.
=Saint Germain Panaché. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:625. 1869.
This variegated variety of Saint Germain is of French origin; the date
of its publication is about 1819. Fruit simply a variegated form of
the Saint Germain, covered with rather large bands of bright yellow
sometimes extending from stem to calyx.
=Saint Germain de Pepins. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 850. 1869.
Foreign. Origin unknown. Fruit medium, nearly globular or obovate,
slightly pyriform, pale yellow, lightly shaded or mottled with crimson
in the sun, netted and patched with russet and thickly sprinkled with
russet dots; flesh yellowish, coarse and gritty, with a hard core;
good; Feb.
=Saint Germain Puvis. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:625, fig. 1869.
M. Pariset, Curciat-Dongalon, Fr., obtained this variety in 1842. Fruit
above medium, long-conic, obtuse, irregular, much bossed, grass-green,
clouded with olive-yellow, sprinkled with small gray dots; flesh
whitish, semi-fine, watery and melting, almost free from granulations;
juice rather deficient, saccharine, acidulous, agreeable; second; end
of Sept. and Oct.
=Saint Germain du Tilloy. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:626, fig. 1869.
The origin of this pear is unknown though Leroy thought that its name
indicated origin in the Department of the Nord where it formerly
existed in important nurseries and where are two towns bearing the name
Tilloy. Fruit medium and above, long-conic or cylindrical-conic, very
obtuse, rather variable, golden-yellow, clouded with olive-yellow,
covered with gray dots and speckles, always rather squamose, more or
less washed with cinnamon-russet on the side next the sun; flesh white,
semi-fine and semi-melting, gritty at center; juice abundant, sugary,
acidulous, aromatic; first; mid-Oct. to end of Nov.
=Saint Germain Van Mons. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:628, fig. 1869.
_Van Mons Hermannsbirne_. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:60. 1856.
The parent tree of this variety was a seedling raised by Van Mons at
Brussels which fruited for the first time in 1819. Fruit rather above
medium or medium, obovate-pyriform, one side habitually more swelled
than the other, yellow-ochre, sprinkled with numerous gray and green
dots; flesh yellowish, semi-fine and semi-melting, very granular at the
core; juice rarely abundant, sugary, acidulous, rather savory; second;
Oct.
=Saint Ghislain. 1.= Hovey _Fr. Am._ =2=:45, fig. 1851. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:629, fig. 1869.
This pear was raised at the village of Jammapes, Hainaut, Bel., by
M. Dorlain and was propagated by Van Mons and others. Fruit medium;
form irregular, globular gourd-shaped and swelled in its lower part
or elongated gourd-shaped and sometimes regular-turbinate, always,
however, diminishing acutely to the stalk; skin rather thick and rough,
grass-green, covered all over with large gray dots and shaded with dull
red on the side exposed to the sun; flesh white, fine or semi-fine,
melting or semi-melting, watery; juice very saccharine, vinous, with a
delicious perfume and an after-taste of musk; first; end of Aug.
=Saint Herblain d'Hiver. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:147, fig. 74. 1872.
The Saint Herblain d'Hiver was propagated by M. Bruneau, a nurseryman,
Nantes, Fr., where it was raised, cultivated and much appreciated.
Fruit medium, conic-ovate, usually symmetrical in outline; skin rather
thick and firm, at first bright green sprinkled with brown dots very
regularly spaced and prominent, changing to citron-yellow with the
side next the sun a little golden; flesh white, semi-fine, dense,
semi-breaking, full of sweet juice, saccharine, refreshing, more tender
when eaten at its extreme maturity; a good winter, cooking pear; end of
winter.
=Saint Lézin. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:632, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 642. 1884.
First among French pomologists to mention it was Claude Saint-Étienne,
in 1670. Fruit large to very large, pyriform but variable, green
clouded with pale yellow, dotted with small gray specks; flesh white,
semi-fine, semi-breaking; juice plentiful, but deficient in sugar and
without perfume; second for dessert, but good for stewing; Sept. and
Oct.
=Saint Louis. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:634, fig. 1869.
Found in the ancient fruit garden of the Horticultural Society of
Angers, Fr., and without any record of origin. Fruit medium or below,
globular-ovate, somewhat bossed, yellow-ochre all over, sprinkled with
dots and very small specks of fawn, more or less carmined on the face
turned to the sun; flesh white, rather coarse, semi-melting; juice
abundant, rather saccharine, sweetish, without any appreciable perfume;
third; latter part of Aug.
=Saint Luc. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:29, fig. 495. 1881.
Origin unknown. Fruit rather small, ovate-pyriform, symmetrical in
contour, having its largest diameter somewhat below the center; skin
rather thick though tender, at first pale water-green, with dots of
green-gray, changing at maturity to pale golden-yellow, tinged with
very light red on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh whitish, fine,
buttery; juice fairly abundant, very saccharine and slightly perfumed;
good; Aug.
=Saint Luke. 1.= _Garden_ =66=:305. 1904.
Introduced by Rivers, Sawbridgeworth, Eng., about 1900. At the Royal
Horticultural Society's show of hardy fruits at Westminister in 1904
it was regarded as a valuable introduction, able to compete with the
best, owing to its rich mellow flavor and melting flesh, and perfect
shape and finish. Fruit rough, russety, deep cinnamon-brown with green
patches; flesh melting, juicy, rich, sweet; Oct.
=Saint Menin. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =22=:231, fig. 16. 1856. =2.= Mas _Le
Verger_ =2=:187, fig. 92. 1866-73.
_Omer-Pacha_. 1. _Mag. Hort._ =21=:87. 1855. =4.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._
=2=:478, fig. 1869.
Received in America from Leroy about 1855 under the name _Omer-Pacha_.
It was known, however, as early as 1846 in this country under the name
of _Saint Menin_. Fruit rather large, obovate-obtuse, pale yellow,
slightly brown in the sun, netted and patched with russet, and thickly
dotted with conspicuous russet dots; flesh whitish, fine, melting;
juice abundant, saccharine, vinous, with a delicate aroma; first; Sept.
=St. Michel Archange. 1.= _Pom. France_ =1=:No. 41, Pl. 41. 1863. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 324. 1866.
A French pear originated in the neighborhood of Nantes in the middle of
the last century. Fruit medium or rather large, turbinate but irregular
in form, sometimes obovate, sometimes long-pyriform; skin fine, smooth,
greenish-yellow, much dotted with gray-russet, washed with orange-red
on the side next the sun; flesh yellow-white, fine, melting, very
juicy, tender, agreeably perfumed; very good; Sept. and Oct.
=Saint Patrick. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 45. 1866.
Raised from seed by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., and fruited in
1863. Fruit, diameter 2-1/2 inches, short-pyriform, green, with dots
and some blush; keeps well, and ripens perfectly, with a pleasant
flavor; Feb. 15.
=Saint Père. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:638, fig. 1869.
_Poire de Saint Père_. =2.= _Guide Prat_. 82, 253. 1895.
The origin of Saint Père is ancient and indeterminate. Without
accepting the doubtful synonyms of _Bugiada d'Hiver des Italiens_ and
_Brute-Bonne de Rome_ which have been applied to it, we may judge
from its name, _Holy Father_, that it came from Italy. Fruit above
medium and often larger, sometimes conic-pyriform and sometimes
ovate-pyriform, but irregular in outline, yellow, much mottled with
gray-russet, sprinkled with very many and rather large brown dots;
flesh white, coarse, watery, semi-breaking, juicy, wanting in sugar,
often acrid, without perfume; first for cooking purposes; Feb. to Apr.
=St. Swithin. 1.= _Jour. Hort._ =35=:149, fig. 20. 1878. =2.= Bunyard
_Handb. Hardy Fr._ 196. 1920.
Raised by Rivers, Sawbridgeworth Nurseries, Eng., from seed of
Calebasse Tougard. Fruit below medium, obovate or pyriform; skin
smooth, grass-green, thickly dotted and mottled with russet and
sometimes with a faint blush on the side next the sun; flesh
yellowish-white, with a greenish tinge, tender, juicy and sweet, with a
fine, brisk flavor; good, superior to Doyenne d'Été; July and Aug.
=Saint Vincent de Paul. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:641, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869.
M. Flon-Grolleau, a nurseryman, Angers, Fr., obtained this pear which
was first tasted when ripe in mid-January, 1853. Fruit above medium,
regular-obtuse-turbinate, meadow-green, sprinkled with yellow dots and
russet, washed with fawn around the stem and on the cheek exposed to
the sun; flesh whitish, fine, breaking and gritty, juicy, having little
sugar, rather astringent and without perfume; third for dessert, second
for cooking; Oct.
=Sainte Anne. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895.
Obtained by M. Joanon at Saint-Cyr near Lyons, Fr. Fruit medium, oval,
rounded at either end, greenish-yellow, washed with rose on the side
next the sun; flesh white, rather fine, buttery, very juicy, melting,
saccharine; matures after Beurré Giffard, about the beginning of Aug.
=Sainte Thérèse. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:642, fig. 1869.
Raised by André Leroy, Angers, Fr. It first fruited in 1863. Fruit
medium and often larger, ovate, irregular and rather long, always
larger on one side than on the other, water-green, dotted and mottled
with russet and stained with patches of fawn; flesh white, fine,
melting; juice very abundant, very saccharine, perfumed and possessing
an agreeably acid flavor; latter half of Oct.
=Salisbury. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 541. 1857.
A native of western New York. Fruit depressed-pyriform; skin rough,
somewhat covered with russet and thickly sprinkled with russet dots;
flesh coarse; of only moderate quality; Oct.
=Salviati. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:137, Pl. IX. 1768. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 643. 1884.
Merlet, French pomologist, described this pear in _L'Abrégé des
bon fruits_ in 1675. Fruit below medium to medium; form variable
from obtuse-turbinate to slightly long ovate-turbinate; skin thin,
wax-yellow, dotted with greenish spots, sometimes much stained with
scaly russet and sometimes tinted with reddish-brown on the side
touched by the sun; flesh whitish, coarse, semi-melting, gritty at the
center; juice scanty, rather saccharine, sweet, but with a strong and
disagreeable odor of musk; third; Sept.
=Salzburger von Adlitz. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.
A pear much esteemed in Bavaria, Württemberg, and Upper Austria.
Fruit nearly medium, short-conic, even in outline, greenish-yellow,
handsomely blushed, densely dotted with fine points; skin without
scent; flesh mild, tender, melting; first for dessert, especially good
for household and market; beginning of Sept.
=Sam Brown. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 2nd App. 134, fig. 1872.
Originated with Samuel Brown, Junior, Walnut Hills, Md. Exhibited
at Philadelphia in 1869. Fruit full medium size or under, globular,
obtuse-pyriform, a little uneven, pale yellow partly covered with thin
russet, resembling Brown Beurré somewhat in appearance and very much
in flavor, sometimes rather brownish in the sun; flesh white, a little
coarse, melting, juicy, vinous and rich; very good, nearly best; Sept.
=Samenlose. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 382. 1885.
A Russian pear from the province of Vilna, which seems to be a near
relative of the Bessemianka, but differs in expression of tree. Fruit
above medium, of Bergamot type and good in quality.
=Sanguine d'Italie. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:647, fig. 1869.
Imported into France about the beginning of the last century. Fruit
medium, turbinate and regular, rather obtuse, grass-green, dotted with
gray on the shaded side and with yellow-red on the sun-exposed side;
flesh breaking, gritty, coarse, dull yellow, veined with red especially
about the core where the yellow almost entirely disappears under the
blood-red; juice never abundant, saccharine, sweet, without much
perfume; third; Aug. and Sept.
=Sanguinole. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869. =2.= Bunyard
_Handb. Hardy Fr._ 197. 1920.
_Sanguine de France_. 3. Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:645, fig. 1869.
This old pear is of consequence only on account of the color of its
flesh. According to Claude Mollet, 1810, it was imported to France
from Switzerland. It was known in Germany in 1500. Fruit below medium
or small, variable in form, turbinate-obtuse, or globular, bossed;
skin rather thick and rough, green dotted with gray and red, sprinkled
with streaks and patches of russet, and sometimes slightly carmined
on the face exposed to the sun; flesh transparent, red, semi-fine,
semi-breaking, juicy, saccharine, acidulous, more or less musky,
agreeable; second, sometimes third, the flesh decomposing rapidly; Aug.
and Sept.
=Sanguinole de Belgique. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.
_Belgische Blutbirne_. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:67. 1856.
Raised by M. Berckmans, a Belgian nurseryman who came to the United
States but also maintained the original establishment, where this
seedling was produced in 1851. It is of interest only on account of its
rose-tinted flesh. Fruit medium, long-ovate, vivid yellow, blushed and
dotted with red, with some brown-russet; flesh yellowish-white, tinted
with red, semi-melting, saccharine and highly aromatic; second for the
table; Oct. and early Nov.
=Sans-Pareille du Nord. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:648, fig. 1869.
_Unvergleichliche_. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 291. 1889.
A French variety described first in 1847. Its origin is unknown. Fruit
large and sometimes very large, very long, cylindrical and contorted,
often slightly constricted in the middle like Calebasse; skin thin,
lemon-yellow, sprinkled with large gray dots, some fine patches of
fawn, more or less tinted with vivid rose on the face opposed to
the sun; flesh very white, semi-breaking and semi-fine; juice never
abundant, sweetish, rather saccharine, wanting in perfume, but yet
having a slight characteristic flavor; third for dessert, first for
compotes; Nov. to Jan.
=Sans Peau. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:150, Pl. XIII. 1768. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 644. 1884.
_Skinless_. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 856. 1869.
Of ancient and uncertain origin; the first certain French description
was written by La Quintinye in 1690. Fruit below medium or small,
ovate, more or less long but always regular; skin exceedingly thin,
and slightly rough to the touch, yellow-white, sprinkled with dots of
darker green and often washed with pale rose on the sun-exposed side
on which the dots are gray; flesh yellowish, coarse, melting, watery;
juice sufficient, saccharine, acidulous, feebly perfumed; second; Aug.
=Santa Anna. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 68. 1895.
Originated in Santa Anna, California. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform,
yellow-russeted; flesh tough, highly perfumed; first; season late.
=Santa Claus. 1.= _Garden_ =67=:17, 35. 1905. =2.= Bunyard _Handb.
Hardy Fr._ 197. 1920.
Colonel Brymer, Dorchester, Eng., introduced this pear to the notice
of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1905 explaining that the parent
tree had come originally from Belgium some thirty years previously.
Fruit medium, conical, slightly pyriform, fairly even, slightly rough,
dull brown-red, practically covered with russet; stem long, slender;
calyx partially open, in an even basin; flesh pale yellowish, melting,
deliciously flavored; Dec.
=Santa Rosa. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 68. 1895.
Originated in California. Fruit large, pyriform; flesh buttery, vinous;
mid-season.
=Sapieganka. 1.= _Mont. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 56, fig. 1881-2. =2.= Cal.
Com. Hort. _Pear Grow. Cal._ =7=:No. 5, 179. 1914.
_Bergamotte Sapieganka_. =3.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 83. 1882.
Originated in northern Poland and introduced into this country in
1879. There is a suspicion that it may be the Bergamotte d'Été renamed
after a Polish nobleman. It has been found tender in Manitoba and the
Northwest, but perfectly hardy at Ottawa and in Muskoka. Fruit medium,
oblate, often somewhat flattened, brownish-yellow, with brownish-red in
the sun, with numerous small dots; flesh white, coarse, somewhat firm
and juicy; poor quality both for dessert and cooking, third for market;
Aug.
=Sarah. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 37. 1867.
Raised by Thaddeus Clapp of Dorchester, Mass. It was exhibited at the
Massachusetts Horticultural Society's rooms in 1867. Fruit medium
size, globular-obovate-pyriform, greenish-yellow, partially netted
and patched with russet, and thickly sprinkled with brown dots; flesh
white, fine, juicy, melting, sweet, rich, aromatic; very good; Oct.
=Sarrasin. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:249. 1768. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 644. 1884.
Duhamel du Monceau was the first writer to mention this pear, the
origin of which is unknown. Fruit medium, turbinate, more or less
obtuse and elongated, dull yellow, slightly greenish, dotted all over
with bright russet, seldom mottled but amply washed with rose on the
cheek exposed to the sun; flesh white, semi-fine and semi-breaking;
juice abundant, saccharine, acidulous, having a taste of anis; second
as a fruit to eat raw, first for compotes; Duhamel terms it the longest
keeping of all pears; Mar. to June.
=Sary-Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:56. 1856.
Published in Germany in 1851. Also known as _Sary Armud_ and the
_Turkish Musk Summer Pear_. Fruit small, ventriculous-conic, often
somewhat bossed, greenish-yellow turning yellow, seldom blushed, dotted
with fine russet points; flesh very sweet, semi-melting, granular,
without any particular aroma; second for table, good for kitchen and
market; Aug.
=Säuerliche Margarethenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:165.
1856.
_Marguerite-Acidule._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:43, fig. 22. 1872.
Obtained by Diel in the neighborhood of Nassau, Ger. Fruit small,
usually globular-turbinate and sometimes ovate-pyriform, yellowish
light green changing to pale light yellow, often blushed with
brownish-red on the side of the sun, on which are numerous dots; flesh
granular, white, semi-melting; juice sufficient, moderately sweet,
refreshing; third; end of July.
=Schellesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:172. 1856.
Württemberg, Ger. First published in 1830. Fruit medium, turbinate,
rather bossed and unequal-sided; skin testaceous, light green turning
to yellow-green, light blood-red marblings, sprinkled with dark,
grayish-green, round dots; third for the table; good for perry;
beginning of Oct.
=Schmalblättrige Schneebirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:199.
1856.
Germany, 1809. Fruit grows in bunches, small, spherical; skin thick,
yellow-green, dotted and speckled with brown; flesh coarse; third; Dec.
and Jan.
=Schmotzbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 136, fig. 1913.
A perry pear known under many names in different parts of Austria.
Fruit below medium, globular-ovate, often turbinate, smooth,
yellow when ripe, thickly dotted with russet; flesh yellow-white,
coarse-grained, very juicy, subacid; Oct.
=Schnackenburger Winterbirne. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort_. 338. 1881.
Published in Germany. Fruit rather large, flattened, globular-yellow
washed with brownish-red; flesh breaking; a cooking pear; winter.
=Schöberlbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 100, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium, Bergamot-form to short-turbinate,
light green turning to greenish-yellow, dotted with russet; flesh very
white, rather coarse, very juicy, subacid; mid-Oct. to Dec.
=Schöne Müllerin. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:173. 1856.
Nassau, Ger., published in 1805. Fruit very small, turbinate, or
blunt-conic, grass-green turning to yellow-green, often with dark red
blush and having brown dots changing to green, light brown-russet
markings; flesh fine-grained, with sweet, cinnamon flavor, breaking
and juicy; third for dessert, very good for household; end of Sept. to
beginning of Oct. for five to six weeks.
=Schönebeck Tafelbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:50. 1856.
Germany, on the Rhine, 1816. Fruit small, conic; skin polished,
greenish-yellow turning to lemon-yellow, blushed with red, heavily
dotted with green; flesh marrowy, acid, vinous; second for the table,
good for household and market; beginning of Sept. for two weeks.
=Schönerts Omsewitzer Schmalzbirne. 1.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 108.
1825.
_Fondante de Schönert_. =2.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:223, fig. 110. 1866-73.
According to Diel this pear was raised at the village of Omsewitz,
near Dresden, by a farmer named Schönert. Fruit hardly medium,
long-conic-pyriform, its greatest diameter being below its center;
skin rather thick and firm, pale green changing to very pale yellow,
without any blush, sprinkled with small gray-green dots; flesh white,
fine, rather firm yet melting, full of saccharine juice, acidulous,
refreshing, and delicately perfumed; first for household; Sept.
=Schönlin Stuttgarter späte Winterbutterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ.
Obstkunde_ =2=:133. 1856.
Raised from seed at Württemberg, Ger., and first published in 1825.
Fruit large, oblong, slightly bossed, light green turning lemon-yellow,
red dots, marked with russet, thick-skinned; flesh white, buttery,
melting, juicy, aromatic and excellent in flavor; first for dessert,
household and market; Feb. to Apr.
=Schuman. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.
A native of Bucks County, Pa. Fruit medium, globular-obovate, pale
yellow, tinted with red on the cheek next the sun; flesh coarse, pasty;
poor; Sept.
=Schwarze Birne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:170. 1856.
Saxony. First published in 1804. Fruit medium, globular-turbinate,
grass-green turning yellowish, almost entirely covered with dark
russet, often blushed with dirty brown red on the side next the sun;
flesh yellowish-white, firm, breaking, aromatic, sweet and vinous;
first for household purposes; Jan. to Apr.
=Schweizer Wasserbirne. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 338. 1881. =2.=
Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 206, fig. 1913.
_Weingifterin_. =3.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:162. 1856.
Used in Austria and Switzerland for the making of perry. Fruit rather
large, very globular, somewhat flattened at both poles; skin fairly
rough, green-yellow, tinged with dull washed-out red, numerous dots and
flecks of russet over the whole fruit; late Sept. to mid-Oct. for four
weeks.
=Sdegnata. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:653, fig. 1869.
Major Espéren, the Belgian pomologist, raised this pear from seed, but
at what date appears to be unknown. Fruit long-ovate, irregular and
bossed; skin rather rough, greenish-yellow, dotted with russet and
changing to meadow-green on the side exposed to the sun, marbled with
gray-russet; flesh white, fine or semi-fine, juicy, dense although
very melting, rather granular at the core; juice extremely abundant,
saccharine, acidulous, with a characteristic flavor, deliciously
perfumed; first; Aug.
=Seal. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.
Originated in Pennsylvania. Fruit medium or below, globular, pale
yellow, lightly shaded with crimson in the sun and thickly sprinkled
with green and russet dots; flesh white, coarse, moderately juicy,
melting, slightly astringent; good; end of Aug.
=Sébastien. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:181, fig. 573. 1881.
Raised by M. Pariset, Ain, Fr., in 1852, and first published in 1867.
Fruit medium, cylindrical-ovate, even in its outline; skin rather thin
but firm, at first intensely green, sprinkled with brown dots, large
and prominent, changing to a brighter green at maturity with russet
coloring on the side next the sun; flesh white, slightly tinted with
green, especially under the skin, very fine, entirely melting, full of
sweet juice, saccharine, with an agreeable perfume; first; Dec.
=Sebastopol. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:655, fig. 1869. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 852. 1869.
M. Minot, Jodoigne, Bel., obtained Sebastopol, which ripened for the
first time in 1858. Fruit below medium, ovate-turbinate, symmetrical,
green tinted with dull yellow, dotted with brown and mottled with
russet; flesh white, rather coarse, semi-melting and watery, having
some grit around the core, juice abundant, saccharine, acidulous,
rarely much perfumed; second; mid-Aug.
=Seckel Seedling No. 1. 1.= _Iowa Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 131. 1915.
Mentioned in a report of the Supervising Committee of the Iowa
Horticultural Society as a valuable seedling raised by Charles G.
Patten. "The fruit is larger than the old Seckel, of excellent quality,
and the tree is vigorous, hardy and free from blight."
=Secrétaire Maréschal. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 281. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 99. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr.; published in 1886. Fruit medium,
resembling Beurré Clairgeau; flesh very fine, juicy, perfumed; Nov. and
Dec.
=Secrétaire Rodin. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 281. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 99. 1895. Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. It was first
published in 1881. Fruit medium to large recalling in appearance the
Duchesse d'Angoulême; flesh yellow, vinous, of an agreeable perfume and
distinctive flavor; Nov. and Dec.
=Seigneur Daras. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 99. 1895.
Tree very fertile, not very vigorous and best cultivated on wild
stock. Fruit medium, of the form of the Doyenné; flesh fine, juicy,
saccharine, perfumed; Oct.
=Seigneur d'Été. 1.= Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard._ 348. 1831.
An old Flemish pear sent to England by M. Stoffels of Mechlin and
exhibited by the Horticultural Society of London in 1819. Fruit above
medium, obtuse-oval; skin fine orange, with bright scarlet on the sunny
side, sprinkled with small brown spots and partially marked with larger
ones of the same color; flesh melting, with an extremely small core,
and a rich, highly flavored juice; beginning and middle of Sept.
=Selleck. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 854. 1869.
The origin of Selleck is unknown. Some thirty years ago the oldest
known bearing tree of the variety was standing on the grounds of
Columbus Selleck, Sudbury, Vermont, and was then still healthy and very
productive. Fruit large, obovate-obtuse-pyriform, surface uneven; skin
a fine yellow, with a crimson cheek and thickly sprinkled with russet
dots; flesh white, a little coarse, juicy, melting, sweet, aromatic;
good to very good; Sept. and Oct.
=Semis d'Echasserie. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:188, fig. 580. 1881.
Obtained by M. Pariset, Ain, Fr., from a seed bed made in 1840. It
was first published in 1862. Fruit below medium, globular-ovate,
symmetrical in contour; skin rather thick and rough to the touch,
yellow-green passing to bright yellow at maturity, tinged with
earthy-red on fruits well exposed to the sun; flesh a little coarse,
semi-breaking, rather full of saccharine juice, slightly gritty about
the core, insufficiently perfumed; second; Dec. and Jan.
=Semis Léon Leclerc. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:173, fig. 279. 1879.
Sent out by M. Bivort from Belgium about the year 1859. Fruit small
or nearly medium on a well-pruned tree, ovate, often ventriculous,
symmetrical in its contour; skin thin, smooth, green sprinkled with
dots of darker green, changing at maturity to whitish-yellow, rather
deeper on the side next the sun, sometimes washed with light red on
which the dots are grayish or yellow; flesh white, semi-fine, melting,
full of saccharine juice and pleasantly perfumed; good for its season;
beginning of Aug.
=Sénateur Préfet. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Published in France by M. Boisbunel. Tree vigorous and very fertile.
Fruit medium or large, oval-pyriform; flesh white, fine, melting,
juicy, saccharine, vinous; first; March to May.
=Sénateur Vaisse. 1.= _Pom. France_ =4=:No. 169, Pl. 169. 1867.
M. Lagrange, a nurseryman of Lyons, Fr., grew this pear from seed in
1861. Tree pyramidal, rather vigorous, productive. Fruit rather large,
obovate, pale yellow, with a rosy tint on the sunny side; flesh crisp,
juicy, very sweet, slightly gritty; good; Sept.
=Seneca. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1895.
A wildling found by James Payne and nurtured by A. C. Clark, both of
Tyre, N. Y., and reported as about twelve years old in 1896. Similar
to Bartlett but of higher quality, better color, and later season.
Fruit large, obovate-pyriform, light yellow, with blushed cheek, green
mottling and black dots on shady side; flesh white, vinous, sprightly;
very good; Oct. and Nov.
=Senfbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:183. 1856.
Hanover. First published in 1852. Fruit medium, ventriculous and conic,
often somewhat turbinate, unattractive green turning yellowish, often
darkly blushed, spotted; flesh rather coarse, fairly juicy, sweet;
first for household use; Oct. and Nov. for six weeks.
=Seringe. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 1045. 1866.
M. Nérard, a nurseryman at Lyons, Fr., obtained Seringe, which was
published first in 1864. Fruit medium, oval, inclining to obovate, a
little depressed at the ends; skin citron or pale yellow, smooth, with
some russet specks; flesh white, very melting and sugary; Aug.
=Serrurier. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 543. 1857. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ =2=:660. 1869.
Van Mons obtained this variety from seed at Louvain, Bel., about 1825.
Fruit large; form rather inconstant, passing from irregular ovate,
swelled and much bossed, to ovate more or less globular, and mammillate
at the summit; skin thick, olive-yellow, closely dotted with gray,
stained with fawn around the calyx and touched with some brown-russet
and occasionally vermilioned on the side exposed to the sun; flesh
whitish, melting or semi-melting, juicy, vinous and saccharine,
possessing a tartish flavor and a particularly pleasant aroma; first;
Oct. and Nov.
=Seutin. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 854. 1869.
_Poire Seutin_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =5=:143, fig. 360. 1880.
According to Bivort the pear Seutin was obtained by M. Bouvier,
Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, ovate-pyriform, more or less long,
sometimes symmetrical, sometimes rather angular in its contour; skin
thick, firm, at first bright green sprinkled with dots of green-gray,
changing to lemon-yellow tinged with golden-russet on the side next the
sun; flesh whitish, rather fine, gritty at the center, semi-buttery,
fairly juicy, sweet, and delicately perfumed; winter.
=Sha Lea. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 303. 1879. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._
=332=:485. 1913.
_Chinese Sand_. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 851. 1869.
A Chinese sand pear imported from China by Wm. R. Prince, Flushing, N.
Y. about 1820. Fruit medium, globular-pyriform, dull yellow, covered
with a rough, sandy-like russet; flesh firm, moderately juicy; cooks
well and acquires a fine flavor; Sept.
=Shawmut. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =25=:209, fig. 14. 1859.
Originated with Francis Dana, Roxbury, Mass. Fruit large,
obtuse-pyriform, regular; skin fair, nearly smooth, dull yellow at
maturity, dotted with large, round, russet specks, most numerous on the
sunny side; flesh yellowish, coarse, melting, very juicy, rich, vinous,
sprightly, with a pleasant musky perfume; Oct.
=Shenandoah. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 43. 1866.
A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. It fruited first
in 1862. Fruit "Skin yellow; flesh fine-grained and sweet, keeps well,
and is a good market pear; pyriform."
=Sheppard. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 855. 1869.
Raised by James Sheppard, Dorchester, Mass. Fruit large,
obovate-pyriform; skin rough, yellow, sometimes with a brownish-red
cheek, slightly sprinkled with russet dots and with some patches of
russet; flesh whitish, coarse and granular, buttery, melting, juicy,
vinous, perfumed; good to very good; end of Sept. and first of Oct.
=Sheridan. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.
A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. "Fruited in
1864. Short diam. 3 inches; long diam. 3-1/2 inches; good grain, juicy,
rather vinous in flavor; color dark green; ripens soundly. Large
bearer, and good market pear. Turbinate."
=Shindel. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1897.
This pear has been locally grown about Emigsville, Pa., since the early
part of the last century, and up to 1897 was reported never to have
been affected with blight. Fruit medium, globular-obovate; skin rather
smooth, lemon-yellow, with thin golden-russet patches and veining;
flesh whitish, rather fine, granular, moderately juicy, mild, sugary,
moderately rich; good; Aug. and Sept.
=Shobden Court. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.
Raised by T. A. Knight, President of the Horticultural Society of
London. Fruit below medium, oblate, symmetrical in form, deep rich
yellow, blushed with red on the side next the sun, sprinkled all over
with rough, russety dots; flesh white, coarse-grained, juicy, briskly
acid and sweet, not highly flavored; second; Jan. and Feb.
=Shurtleff. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.
A seedling raised by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass. "Fruited in
1863. Short diam. 2-1/2 inches; long diam. 3 inches; flesh rather dry,
and firm; skin yellow with red cheek; keeps soundly without extra care
until May. A most prolific bearer. Short pyriform."
=Sieboldii. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 115. 1876. =2.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._
=332=:485. 1913.
Japan. Sieboldii is a variety distinct from _Madame von Siebold_ and
was described by Messrs. Simon-Louis of Metz, Lorraine, as follows:
"Medium to large pyriform with elongated tendency, angled and
irregular; ... color slightly red on sunny side, grayish in shade;
flesh white, breaking, sweet, perfumed; cannot be eaten raw with
pleasure."
=Sievenicher Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 208, fig. 1913.
A perry pear grown in Austria and Germany. Fruit medium to fairly
large, globular, short, diminishing somewhat acutely to the stalk;
yellow-green, blushed with brown; flesh coarse, subacid and dry; end of
Sept. and beginning of Oct.
=Sikaya. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.
An Oriental variety. Fruit medium to small, oblate, symmetrical, buff,
russeted; skin tough, almost covered with large russet dots; flesh
yellowish-white, coarse, poor, insipid, subacid, melting, gritty; late.
=Simon Bouvier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:666, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.
_Souvenir de Simon Bouvier_. 3. _Guide Prat._ 108, 305. 1876.
Raised by Simon Bouvier, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, symmetrical,
ovate, always swelled toward the base, green shaded with dull yellow,
dotted and stained with russet; flesh whitish, fine, juicy and
melting, almost free from granulations; juice extremely abundant and
saccharine, very acidulous, highly perfumed, having an after taste of
musky-anis which adds to its delicacy; first; Sept.
=Sinai'sche Buschelbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:198. 1856.
Mount Sinai, Persia, 1815. Fruit very small, globular, flattened,
greenish, blushed, very finely dotted; flesh hard, coarse-grained,
juiceless, sour, but sweet when ripe; third; winter.
=Sinclair. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:74. 1856. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 646. 1884.
Raised by Van Mons. Fruit large and handsome, long-turbinate, very
wide at the base and tapering abruptly by deep concave curves to a
narrow point near the stalk, even and symmetrical in shape, smooth,
fine, clear lemon-yellow, with a faint blush of red next the sun; flesh
fine-grained, buttery, melting, very juicy and sweet, with a rich,
vinous flavor and a slight musky perfume; very good for dessert and
also for household and market purposes; Sept. and Oct.
=Sirningers Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 210, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium to large, long-conic; skin firm,
green turning yellowish-russet; flesh greenish-white, very firm, rather
acid flavor; Oct.
=Slavonische Wasserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:183. 1856.
Originated at Siebenbürgen, Ger. First published in 1851. Fruit below
medium, ventriculous-conic, green turning greenish-yellow, with
light brown wash on the sunny side; flesh coarse, saccharine, firm,
very juicy and sweet; third for the table, first for household use;
beginning of Sept.
=Slutsk. 1.= Ragan _Nom. Pear, B. P. I. Bul._ =126=:231. 1908.
Originated in Minsk, Russia, and received in this country about 1890.
Fruit large, symmetrical, roundish-obtuse-pyriform, yellow, largely
overspread with bright red and thickly sprinkled with brown dots; stem
long, slender, in a deep cavity; calyx open; flesh moderately juicy,
somewhat astringent, not sugary; good; Oct.
=Smet Fils Unique. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 106. 1876.
Fruit large, Doyenné in form; flesh fine, melting, juicy; first; end of
autumn.
=Smith. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485, fig. 1913.
An oriental variety or hybrid, very similar to Le Conte but blooms
later. Fruit medium to large, oval, truncate at basin end; skin
yellowish-green, smooth, with patches of russet; flesh white, firm,
insipid, dry, mealy; poor; Oct.
=Smith Beauty. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:485. 1913.
An oriental hybrid, similar to Le Conte, with no blush, shorter than
Dewey. Variety name has been listed as _Smith's Winter Beauty_.
=Smith Duchess. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 101. 1883.
An American hybrid of the Chinese Sand Pear.
=Snow. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 149. 1873.
Originated with Suel Foster, Muscatine, Ia. Reported in 1873 as "better
than Vicar except for size and keeping. Its flesh is very white;
valuable for cooking."
=Soeur Grégoire. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:667, fig. 1869.
Xavier Grégoire, the well-known Belgian seedsman, Jodoigne, Brabant,
obtained this variety. It bore its first fruit in 1858. Fruit large, in
form variable from irregular long gourd-shaped to long-cylindrical,
usually rather bossed; skin thick and rough, yellow-ochre, dotted and
stained with gray-russet and shaded with dark red on the cheek next
the sun; flesh yellowish, semi-fine, melting, granular at the core;
juice rarely abundant but very aromatic, saccharine and with a delicate
flavor; first when sufficiently juicy, otherwise second; Nov. and Dec.
=Soldat Bouvier. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:37, fig. 211. 1879.
Raised by Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit nearly medium,
globular-conic, regular in outline; skin rather firm, at first a
dark green, sprinkled with dots of a darker shade, brightening to
yellowish at maturity and extensively colored with blood-red on the
cheek next the sun; flesh whitish, rather fine, buttery, melting; juice
sufficient, saccharine and delicately perfumed; good to first; Sept.
=Soldat Laboureur. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =3=:31, fig. 1855. =2.=
Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 198. 1920.
Soldat Laboureur was obtained from a seed bed made about 1820 by
Major Espéren, Mechlin, Bel. Fruit medium to large, ovate-pyriform or
turbinate, bossed; skin smooth, rather thick, bright green passing
to golden-yellow when perfectly ripe, dotted and shaded with fawn;
flesh yellowish-white, semi-fine, melting; juice abundant, saccharine,
perfumed, and, on land suiting it, very vinous; very good, highest
quality; Oct. and Nov.
=Sommer-Russelet. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:46. 1856.
Thuringia, 1807. Fruit medium, pyriform, light yellow, blushed all
over; flesh breaking, juicy, with a flavor of cinnamon; second for
table, first for household and market; beginning of Aug.
=Sommer-Zuckerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:53. 1856.
Thuringia, Ger. Published in 1798. Fruit medium, long-pyriform,
obtuse, yellowish-green turning a lighter tint at maturity, with dark
blush on the side of the sun and yellow dots which turn green; flesh
yellowish-white, breaking, saccharine; second for dessert and good for
household and market purposes; Aug.
=Sommeralantbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.
_Poire d'Aunée d'Été_. =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =5=:77, fig. 327. 1880.
Upper Hesse, Prussia; first published in 1802. Fruit medium,
long-conic; skin fine, light green turning yellowish, with dark red
blush and very fine dots; wanting in juice, buttery, mild and tender,
aromatic; first for table, household and market; Aug. and Sept.
=Sommerkönigin. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:109. 1856.
Nassau, Ger.; published in 1804. Fruit above medium, obtuse-conic,
inclined to one side at the top, yellowish-green turning to light
yellow, with a pale blush, greenish dots and flecked with russet; flesh
white, juicy, buttery, melting and full of flavor; Sept.
=Sommerwachsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:50. 1856.
Nassau, Ger.; published in 1805. Fruit medium, pyriform, symmetrical;
skin smooth, straw-white turning to a waxy light yellow, with often
a faint blush, light green dots turning red, without scent; flesh
semi-melting, very juicy and saccharine; third for table, good for
household purposes; first of Sept.
=Sophie de l'Ukraine. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 647. 1884.
Fruits rather large, obovate, even and regular, in shape rather
resembling White Doyenné; pale yellow, covered with minute dots on the
shaded side and with a tinge of warm orange on the side opposed to the
sun; flesh neither melting nor juicy, only sweet; an inferior pear;
soon becomes soft; Nov.
=Sotschnaja. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1880.
A northern European variety reported by J. L. Budd as imported by him
and on trial at the Iowa State College. Shows marked traces of the
Chinese forms of the pear in shape, serration, thickness and size of
leaf. The wood is gritty and thorn-like and unites very imperfectly
with the apple.
=Soueraigne. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"The Soueraigne peare, that which I have seene and taste, and so termed
unto me, was a small brownish yellow peare, but of a most dainty taste;
but some doe take a kind of Bon Chretien, called the _Elizabeth_ peare,
to be the Soueraigne; how truly let others judge."
=Soutmann. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:130. 1856.
Holland, 1821. Fruit medium, globular-oblong, light green turning to
yellowish-green, without any blush, small brown dots; flesh white,
buttery, melting, juicy, and with a sweet aromatic flavor of cinnamon;
very good dessert fruit; Dec.
=Souvenir de l'Abbé Lefebvre. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree of moderate vigor, fertile and
adapts itself to all forms of growth. Fruit medium in size; flesh very
fine, perfumed and excellent; Nov. and Dec.
=Souvenir de du Breuil Père. 1.= Pom. France =4=:No. 159, Pl. 159. 1867.
_Poire du Breuil Père_. =2.= _Rev. Hort._ 202. 1889.
Obtained from a bed of seeds of Louise Bonne de Jersey made by
A. du Breuil, Rouen, Fr., in 1840. Fruit medium or rather large,
sub-spherical, more often inclined by the oblique truncation of its
wide top; skin very fine, yellow at maturity, much mottled and dotted
with bright russet all over, the russet becoming purple on the side
next the sun; flesh white, melting, very juicy, saccharine, pleasantly
perfumed and sprightly; excellent; Nov. to Jan.
=Souvenir Deschamps. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 182. 1891. =2.= _Gard. Chron._
3rd Ser. =9=:57. 1891.
Described in 1891 as a newly introduced seedling raised in the State
School of Horticulture, Ghent, Bel. Fruit large, elongated, like
Calebasse in form, sometimes spindle-form and straight, slightly
constricted about the middle, greenish-yellow, marked with brown spots;
flesh yellowish, delicate, melting, juicy, good; Sept. and Oct.
=Souvenir Désiré Gilain. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 108. 1876.
Stated in a Bulletin of the Society Van Mons to have been a gain of
M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Fruit medium, ovate-pyriform, symmetrical
in outline, having its greatest diameter well below the centre; skin
rather firm, pale green, sown with dots of darker green, turning pale
yellow when ripe, rather golden on the side next the sun and touched
with a tinge of red; flesh white, fine, breaking, juicy, saccharine,
vinous, with a flavor difficult to describe; Aug.
=Souvenir d'Espéren de Berckmans. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =3=:151, fig.
172. 1878.
Obtained by M. Berckmans at his establishment in this country and
should not be confounded with the Souvenir d'Espéren raised by M.
Bivort. Fruit medium or rather large, conic-pyriform, often a little
irregular in contour; skin fine, thin, water-green, sprinkled with
large brown dots, both numerous and prominent and patches of russet,
changing to lemon-yellow at maturity, the russet becoming golden; flesh
white, a little tinted with yellow, rather fine, buttery, melting;
juice sufficient in amount and highly saccharine and perfumed; good;
Oct.
=Souvenir Favre. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =8=:65, fig. 1860. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 2nd App. 134. 1872.
Originated by M. Favre, Chalons, Fr., from seed of Glou Morceau planted
in 1850. Fruit medium to below, conic-pyriform, pale yellow, dotted
with many brown and green dots; stem short, rather stout, in a slight
cavity; calyx open; basin small, uneven, slightly russeted; flesh
whitish, slightly coarse, half-melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; good to
very good; Oct.
=Souvenir de Gaëte. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:671, fig. 1869.