the Beurré de l'Assomption. It received the recommendation of the
pomological committee of the Horticultural Society of Paris. Fruit
above medium and sometimes large, irregular-turbinate or ovate,
mammillate at the top and ventriculated at the middle, bright yellow,
finely dotted and streaked with fawn and extensively washed with tender
rose on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh white, very fine, melting
and free from granulations; juice very abundant, saccharine, refreshing
and vinous with a characteristic perfume and flavor; first; Oct.
=Souvenir de Julia. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 60. 1895.
Sent out by M. Daras de Naghin of Antwerp, Bel. Tree vigorous and
fertile. Fruit medium, globular, whitish-yellow, blushed with rose;
flesh fine, semi-melting, saccharine, juicy; first; Oct. and Nov.
=Souvenir de Leroux-Durand. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 285. 1889. =2.=
_Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Published in Germany in 1879. Tree vigorous and fertile. Fruit large or
very large, oblong, bright yellow, stained with golden-russet; flesh
very melting, vinous, highly saccharine and very agreeably perfumed;
first; Oct.
=Souvenir de Lydie. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 58. 1895.
A Belgian variety disseminated by Daras de Naghin of Antwerp. Fruit
rather large, Doyenné in form, greenish-yellow; flesh semi-fine,
melting, highly saccharine; first; Oct.
=Souvenir de Madame Charles. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 285. 1889. =2.=
_Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Raised by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr., from seed of Serrurier. Tree
vigorous, fertile and suitable for all forms of cultivation. Fruit
medium to large, having the form of the Passe Colmar, gray; flesh very
fine, melting, saccharine and perfumed; Dec. and Jan.
=Souvenir de la Reine des Belges. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:673, fig.
1869. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 857. 1869.
Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., obtained this pear in 1855. Fruit
above medium, turbinate, rather obtuse, ventriculous and symmetrical
in its lower part and much contorted and bossed in its upper, pale
yellow, dotted with gray, mottled with russet, especially over the side
exposed to the sun; flesh yellowish, rather coarse, melting, juicy,
gritty at the core; juice abundant, saccharine, slightly acidulous,
with a delicate flavor and aroma; first and often second when the fruit
is devoid of perfume; Oct.
=Souvenir de Renault Père. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 397, fig. 126. 1893.
M. Renault, Bulgnéville, Vosges, Fr., observed that the lower branches
of an Easter Beurré produced foliage variegated with white while
the remainder were of a beautiful green. Grafts from the variegated
branches in due course perpetuated the variegation and produced a
fruit similar to that of Easter Beurré but with the skin striped
longitudinally from pole to pole, the variegation being more or less
distinct according to the season and the vigor of the tree. Fruit
large, obovate; skin hard to the touch, green turning to a golden
yellow at maturity, variegated; flesh very white, fine, rather melting,
fairly juicy, highly saccharine, rather gritty around the center; a
good dessert pear; Jan. to Mar.
=Souvenir de Sannier père. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Obtained by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree moderately vigorous. Fruit
medium, dark yellow, tinted with rose; first; Oct.
=Souvenir de Simon Bouvier. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:674, fig. 1869.
Obtained by Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., and first reported in
1846. Fruit below medium, turbinate, even in outline, rather swelled
in all the lower part and somewhat obtuse at the summit; color pale
yellow, dotted with gray and green, stained with brown-fawn and
vermilioned on the cheek opposed to the sun; flesh white, juicy,
semi-fine and semi-melting; juice very abundant, vinous, saccharine and
strongly musky; second; Oct.
=Souvenir du Vénérable de la Salle. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 236. 1886.
Said to have been originated by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree of good
vigor, medium productive. Fruit medium, resembling Bon-Chrétien d'Hiver
in form; flesh fine, melting, sweet; of first quality; Oct. and Nov.
=Souveraine de Printemps. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 544. 1857.
Of foreign origin. Fruit medium, oblate, obscurely pyriform, angular,
yellow, sprinkled with russet; flesh white, melting, coarse, granular,
juicy, somewhat astringent, with a brisk vinous flavor; Mar.
=Spae. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:676, fig. 1869.
Obtained by M. Spae, Ghent, Bel., and was propagated in 1861. Fruit
above medium, long-turbinate, obtuse, rather contorted at the base
and always having one side larger than the other, dull yellow, shaded
with bright green, dotted, with more or less brown-russet on the cheek
next the sun; flesh semi-fine or semi-breaking, white, juicy, sweet,
saccharine, rather deficient in perfume but delicate; second; Oct.
=Späte Rotbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 54, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit medium to large, pyriform, dull green
changing to greenish-yellow with widely spread dark blush, thickly
speckled with whitish dots; flesh white, fine, aromatic; Nov. and Dec.
=Späte Sommerbirne ohne Schale. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:38.
1856.
Holland, 1806. Fruit very small, conic but variable, even sides; skin
tender, greenish-yellow turning lemon-yellow, densely sprinkled with
dark green dots; flesh very juicy, coarse, melting; second for dessert,
first for household; mid-Aug.
=Späte Todemannsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:146. 1856.
Nassau, Ger., 1806. Fruit large, shallow-bossed, sides unequal,
pyriform, light green turning to light lemon-yellow, often blushed,
dotted, often speckled with russet and russeted on the side next the
sun; flesh breaking, wanting in juice; third for dessert, very good for
household; Dec. and Jan.
=Späte Wasserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:194. 1856.
Württemberg, Ger., 1830. Fruit medium, turbinate, rather obtuse, light
green turning dirty pale yellow, dull red blush, large gray dots; flesh
firm, very juicy, tasteless; good for household purposes and perry;
Sept.
=Spätes Graumänchen. 1.= Oberdieck _Obst-Sort._ 291. 1881.
Bohemia. Fruit small, obtuse-pyriform, green changing at maturity to
yellowish-green, very much russeted; flesh fine-grained, semi-melting,
aromatic, cinnamon savor, sugary; good table fruit; Oct. to Jan.
=Speckbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 138, fig. 1913.
An Austrian perry pear. Fruit large, turbinate; skin smooth, light
leaf-green turning to dull greenish-yellow at maturity, dotted
with russet; flesh yellowish-white, very juicy, subacid, rather
coarse-grained; Oct. to Dec.
=Speedwell. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 43. 1866.
A seedling raised and fruited in 1863 by Dr. S. A. Shurtleff,
Brookline, Mass. Fruit, "Short diam. 2-1/4 inches, long diam. 3 inches;
color green; flesh melting, juicy, with rich flavor; ripens soundly
Sept. 1; quality fine; obovate."
=Spillingsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:150. 1856.
Germany, 1806. Fruit small, globular-turbinate, even in contour,
pale green changing to light lemon-yellow, more golden on the side
of the sun, with light green dots; flesh snow-white, breaking and
coarse-grained, vinous, acidulous and saccharine; second for dessert,
first for household; Aug.
=Spindelförmige Honigbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:143.
1856.
Grown in the middle Rhine country, Germany. Fruit medium, long-conic,
regular, greenish-yellow, entirely covered with cinnamon-russet; flesh
breaking and coarse, often semi-melting, saccharine and musky; very
good for household use; Sept.
=Spindelförmige Rehbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:132. 1856.
Westphalia, 1828. Fruit large, oblong, shallow-bossed; skin rough,
light cinnamon-russet all over, dotted with whitish-gray; flesh
granular, aromatic, with sweet wine flavor; first for table and
household use; Sept. and Oct.
=Spinka. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =6=:89, fig. 429. 1880.
Origin uncertain, though Oberdieck thought it came originally from
Bohemia. Fruit nearly medium, ovate, more or less shortened; skin
thick and very firm, pale water-green, taking a white tint long before
maturity, sprinkled with brown dots, changing to pale yellow and the
side next the sun more or less warmly golden; flesh yellow-tinted,
fine, semi-buttery; juice sufficient, saccharine and agreeably
perfumed; fairly good; Sept.
=Spreeuw. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:676. 1869. A rather worthless
pear raised by Van Mons at Brussels which gave its first fruit in
1815. Fruit small, globular-ovate, green turning yellow, dotted with
yellowish-red and blushed; flesh greenish-white, rather gritty,
saccharine; in Germany is reckoned as second for dessert and first for
household purposes; in France it appears to possess little merit; Oct.
and Nov.
=Star of Bethlehem. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =24=:334, fig. 1869.
Originated at Bethlehem, Pa., and described in 1869 as a new variety.
Tree resembles a persimmon tree with a low and spreading habit;
branches never upright, very enduring and able to bear heavy weights;
very productive and regular in bearing. Fruit very large, similar in
form to the Beurré d'Anjou, obovate-pyriform-obtuse, regular; skin
smooth, deep yellow, slightly russeted, with a handsome red cheek on
the side exposed to the sun; flesh yellowish-white, somewhat coarse,
buttery, melting, fine, sweet, rich and excellent flavor; highly spoken
of at the time; Sept.
=Steinbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 56, fig. 1913.
A perry pear found in Austria and Switzerland. Fruit medium,
globular-pyriform, greenish changing to yellowish-green when ripe, on
the sun-exposed side washed with dull red, speckled with russet spots;
flesh granular, firm; good for transportation; Nov. and Dec.
=Steinmitz Catharine. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 858. 1869.
Originated in Pennsylvania. Fruit small to medium, oblong-pyriform,
greenish, with a tinge of brown in the sun; flesh white, moderately
juicy, semi-melting, vinous; good; Sept.
=Stevens Genesee. 1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Bk._ 157. 1849.
Originated on the farm of M. F. Stevens, Lima, N. Y. Fruit large,
globular-obovate, yellow; flesh white, tender, rather buttery, of a
rich, excellent, aromatic flavor; good to very good; Sept. and Oct. but
in some districts as early as Aug.
=Sterling. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:443, 444, fig. 36. 1847.
Raised by a Mr. Sterling in the neighborhood of Buffalo, N. Y.,
from seed brought from Connecticut about 1828. Fruit medium, almost
spherical, slightly oval, yellow, with occasionally a few small patches
of russet and on the sun-exposed cheek a mottled crimson blush; flesh
rather coarse, juicy, melting, with a saccharine, brisk flavor; very
good; Sept.
=Stone. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =9=:24, fig. 1843.
Grew in the garden of a Mr. Stone, Cincinnati, O., and named in his
honor. Fruit large, broad-pyriform, sides uneven, globular toward
lower end and gradually diminishing toward the stem; bright yellow at
maturity with a bright red cheek next the sun, beautifully intermixed
with yellow streaks and specks; flesh white, somewhat buttery, rather
melting, slightly astringent; Aug.
=Stout. 1.= _U. S. D. A. Pom. Rpt._ 39. 1895.
Originated at Monrovia, Ind., about 1840. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform,
green changing to yellow; flesh buttery, melting, juicy, subacid; very
good; mid-season.
=Strassburger Sommerbergamotte. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:40.
1856.
Thuringia, 1766. Fruit medium, turbinate, medium ventriculous,
greenish-yellow turning yellowish-white at maturity, with rather
grayish spots; flesh semi-melting, very white, sweet, acid, aromatic;
first for household use and market; Aug.
=Stribling. 1.= _S. C. Sta. Rpt._ 16. 1914.
A seedling believed to be of French origin brought to notice in 1912
by J. C. Stribling, Pendleton, S. C. Considered likely to prove one of
the most valuable pears for the South because blight resistant. Fruit
large, cordate, sides unequal, base rounded, apex flattened, light
yellow, almost entirely covered with light russet; skin smooth, thin,
tough, sprinkled with numerous light russet dots, indistinct, large at
base, smaller and more numerous at apex; flesh coarse-grained, very
juicy, slightly subacid, peculiar pineapple flavor with after nutty
effect, rich, distinctive aroma; fair quality; Oct. and Nov.
=Stümplerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:190. 1856.
Supposed to have originated on the shores of Lake Constance between
Germany and Switzerland. It was first published in 1805. Fruit
small, oval, green changing to light yellow, almost covered with
cinnamon-russet; flesh yellowish, dry, becoming mealy, without much
flavor; good for kitchen use; Aug.
=Sturges.=
Originated with Mrs. Mary S. Sturges, Baker, Ore., about 1905. Fruit
medium to large, obtuse-obovate-pyriform; stem short, thick, set in a
very shallow, narrow, russeted cavity; calyx small, partly open, set in
a shallow but broad basin; color dull green, considerably mottled with
patches and flecks of russet; dots small, conspicuous; flesh yellowish,
slightly granular, tender, juicy, good; Sept.
=Styer. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =8=:31, 32, fig. 1853.
Originated about 1837 with Charles Styer, White Plain township,
Montgomery County, Pa. Fruit medium, globular, green changing to
yellow, with many russet dots and markings; flesh yellowish-white,
somewhat gritty at the core, buttery, melting; exceedingly rich and
perfumed; good; Sept.
=Styrian. 1.= _Jour. Hort._ =5=:267, fig. 1863.
_Beurré Keele Hall._ =2.= _Guide Prat._ 87. 1895.
Received in England by the Horticultural Society from M. Bosc of Paris
about 1824. Fruit large, long-obovate or pyriform, fairly even and
regular in outline; skin even and shining, of a clear lemon-yellow,
with a bright vermilion cheek next the sun, appearing as if varnished;
flesh yellowish, very fine-grained, tender, buttery, melting and
extremely juicy, sweet, brisk and having a fine flavor of vanilla; a
first-rate and delicious dessert fruit; Oct.
=Sucré-Vert. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:189. Pl. XXXIV. 1768.
=2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:677, fig. 1869. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 649.
1884.
Said to have come from Barmont, a chateau situated on the border of
Burgundy. It was well known in Paris in 1670. Fruit medium or below,
globular-turbinate; skin shining, intense green, dotted with numerous
gray and green dots, a little whitened on the shaded side, yellowish
when ripe; flesh yellowish-white, buttery, melting, semi-fine, some
grit about the center; juice plentiful, sugary, slightly perfumed;
excellent but variable; Oct.
=Sucrée de Hoyerswerda. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 582. 1857.
_Sucré-Vert d'Hoyerswerda_. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:679, fig. 1869.
According to Diel this variety was a new pear in the first years of the
last century found in the village of Hoyerswerda, Saxony. Fruit always
below medium, turbinate-obtuse or globular-ovate, rather irregular;
skin a little thick, bright yellow shaded with dull yellow, sprinkled
all over with gray-russet dots on the shaded side and greenish-brown
dots on the sun-exposed side on which it is also much encrimsoned;
flesh greenish-white, semi-fine, breaking, watery, granular around the
pips; juice sufficient, highly saccharine, acidulous, with an agreeable
musky perfume; second; Aug.
=Sucrée de Montluçon. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 48, 294. 1895. =2.= Bunyard
_Handb. Hardy Fr._ 198. 1920.
Found in a hedge at Montluçon, Fr., about 1812, by M. Rochet. Fruit
medium, oval-conic, uneven, lemon-yellow; stem medium long, rather
short and woody; calyx large, closed, in a narrow, shallow basin;
flesh palest yellow, transparent, extremely juicy, well flavored, very
delicious; Oct.
=Sucrée Blanche. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:191, fig. 96. 1872.
Obtained by M. Boisbunel, a nurseryman at Rouen, Fr. It was first
published in 1856. Fruit rather large, long-pyriform or sometimes
somewhat gourd-shaped; skin rather thick and firm, at first very bright
green covered with a light white bloom on which are very small and
faint dots, brightening still more at maturity but even in coloring
all over the fruit; flesh white, semi-fine, melting; juice sufficient,
saccharine, pleasant; good but not rich enough to be first class; Aug.
or a little earlier.
=Sucrée du Comice. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:680, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 861. 1869.
Raised by the old Horticultural Society of Angers, Fr., and first
fruited in 1855. Fruit above medium, more or less obtuse, turbinate,
irregular, much swelled in its lower half; color golden yellow,
entirely sprinkled with reddish dots and generally rayed with fawn
around the calyx; flesh white, semi-fine and semi-melting, watery, very
granular around the core; second; Sept. and Oct.
=Sucrée Van Mons. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:683, fig. 1869.
_Brüssler Zuckerbirne_. =2.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 114. 1825.
A seedling raised by Van Mons. Fruit medium to large, ovate, irregular,
sometimes nearly spherical; skin thick, very bright green, mottled with
pale yellow, sprinkled with numerous large, grayish spots, turning a
fine lemon-yellow at maturity and rather golden on the side next the
sun; flesh white, semi-fine, semi-buttery and melting, saccharine,
vinous, slightly perfumed; quality variable, due perhaps to differences
of soil and climate; second to third; Oct. and Nov.
=Sucrée de Zurich. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:684, fig. 1869.
_Züricher Zuckerbirne_. =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 303. 1889.
Of doubtful origin but we may fairly assume it was Switzerland and
probably Zurich. Fruit small, turbinate, slightly obtuse or ovate
and even in contour, bright greenish-yellow, dotted uniformly with
gray-russet; flesh whitish, fine, melting, juicy, very saccharine,
acidulous, with a slight and agreeable scent of cinnamon; second; Sept.
=Suet Lea. 1.= _Cornell Sta. Bul._ =332=:486. 1913.
An oriental hybrid. Fruit medium to small, apple-shaped to oblong,
regular in contour; light yellow, with large, rough, russet dots; flesh
greenish-white, deficient in juice, hard and gritty, breaking; poor;
late.
=Suffolk Thorn. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 816. 1841. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._
649. 1884.
_Wilding aus Suffolk._ =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 298. 1889.
Raised by Andrew Arcedeckene, Clavering Hall, Suffolk, Eng., from
seed of Gansel Bergamot. Fruited first about 1841. Fruit medium,
globular-turbinate, pale lemon-yellow, covered with numerous small dots
and irregular patches of pale ashy-gray russet which are most numerous
on the side next the sun; flesh yellowish-white, exceedingly melting,
buttery and juicy, with a rich, sugary juice, exactly similar in flavor
to Gansel Bergamot; first; Oct.
=Sugar Top. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =3=:49. 1837.
Said to be a native fruit and is called also July or Harvest Pear.
Fruit globular, top-shaped, skin smooth, yellow; flesh juicy, breaking,
sweet, with but little flavor; July.
=Sülibirne. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 288. 1889. =2.= Löschnig
_Mostbirnen_ 172, fig. 1913.
A perry pear found in Austria and Germany. Fruit small,
globular-pyriform, greenish-yellow, flecked and dotted with russet all
over the fruit, frequently somewhat tinted with a brownish blush; flesh
yellowish-white, coarse-grained, very acid; Oct.
=Sullivan. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =8=:57. 1842.
A seedling sent to this country by Van Mons and named by Manning.
Fruit medium, pyriform, smooth green skin, with russet specks; flesh
greenish-white, fine-grained, tender, very juicy, pleasant but not
highly flavored; second; Sept.
=Summer Beurré d'Arenberg. 1.= _Jour. Hort._ =13=:315. 1867. =2.=
Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 199. 1920.
Raised by Rivers of Sawbridgeworth, Eng., about 1860 and produced its
first fruit in 1863. Fruit rather small, turbinate, even and smooth in
outline; skin clear and very thin; flesh very fine throughout, scarcely
any core, no trace of grit, melting, yellowish, buttery, tender, very
juicy, with a sweet, rich and distinctive flavor; excellent; Sept.
=Summer Hasting. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The Summer Hasting is a little greene peare, of an indifferent good
rellish."
=Summer Popperin. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"Both of them are very good dry firme peares somewhat spotted, and
brownish on the outside."
=Summer Portugal. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 651. 1884.
Fruit quite small, pyriform, bright grass-green, with a brownish blush
on the side next the sun and dotted all over with dark green dots, at
maturity becoming clear yellow, with a red cheek; flesh yellowish,
tender, breaking, very juicy, sweet and pleasantly flavored; Aug.
=Summer Saint Germain. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 347. 1845.
_Saint Germain d'Été._ =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:622, fig. 1869.
Of French origin. Imported to France from Belgium or Holland by
Louis Noisette previous to 1830. It is better known in this country
and in England as the _Summer Saint Germain_. Fruit below medium,
obovate-pyriform, generally irregular, bright greenish-yellow, dotted
with russet on the shaded side and extensively washed with vivid rose
on the other cheek where it is sprinkled with gray points; flesh
white, fine, soft, semi-melting, slightly gritty at the center; juice
sufficient, saccharine, often rather astringent but always full of
flavor; second and sometimes third; Sept. and Oct.
=Summer Virgalieu. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 864. 1869.
_Virgalieu d'été._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:5, fig. 3. 1872.
Origin unknown. Tree moderately vigorous, productive. Fruit roundish,
pyriform, yellow, slightly netted and patched with russet, thickly
sprinkled with russet dots; stem rather long, set in a small cavity;
calyx open; segments recurved; basin shallow, uneven; flesh yellowish,
juicy, melting, slightly vinous; good; Aug.
=Superfondanta. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 153. 1841.
Received by Simon-Louis Bros., Metz, Lorraine, from Italy. Fruit
medium, obovate, smooth, pale yellow, marked with a few dots and
sometimes marked with russet; flesh white, buttery, melting, very good;
Oct.
=Suprême Coloma. 1.= Mas _Le Verger_ =3=:Pt. 2, 49, fig. 121. 1866-73.
_Kopertscher._ =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 796. 1869.
Count Coloma, Mechlin, Bel., made seed beds in 1786. From these beds
came the Suprême Coloma, a fruit of exquisite flavor. Fruit above
medium, ovate, shortened, obtuse; skin delicate, olive-yellow, always
mottled with greenish-russet and thickly covered with brown dots; flesh
whitish, fine, melting, nearly free from grit, very full of saccharine
juice, acidulous, with a special perfume of much delicacy; first; Oct.
=Surpasse Crassane. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:687, fig. 1869. =2.=
Hogg _Fruit Man._ 652. 1884.
A seedling of Van Mons obtained about 1820 in his nursery at Louvain,
Bel. Fruit medium, globular or globular-turbinate, flattened at the
base, mammillate at the summit; skin dark olive-yellow, much covered
with russet and tinted with dark red on the cheek touched by the sun;
flesh whitish, fine, melting, juicy, granular around the center; juice
abundant, very saccharine, highly perfumed, with an agreeable tartish
taste; first; Oct. to Dec.
=Surpasse Meuris. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:688, fig. 1869. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 653. 1884.
The Surpasse Meuris was gained by Van Mons at Brussels before 1818.
Fruit large, pyriform or turbinate-obtuse, always ventriculated toward
the base and generally rather bossed; skin rough, olive-yellow dotted
with gray, mottled with fawn and often colored with brown-red on the
side next the sun; flesh white, tinged with yellow, semi-fine and
semi-melting; juice extremely abundant, very saccharine, tartish and
savory; first, sometimes second when the juice is slightly perfumed;
Sept.
=Surpasse St. Germain. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 198. 1833.
A seedling of Van Mons imported in 1819. Fruit rather large and oblong,
rounded at the base and tapering toward the stalk, irregular in
outline, green and brown; winter.
=Surpasse Virgalieu. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 416, fig. 189. 1845.
=2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:868, fig. 1869.
The origin of this variety is unknown. Andrew Parmentier introduced it
from his nursery at Brooklyn under this name about 1800. Fruit rather
large, obovate; skin smooth, pale lemon-yellow with a very few minute
dots and rarely a little faint red on the sunny side; flesh white,
exceedingly fine-grained and buttery, abounding with delicious highly
flavored, aromatic juice, differing from that of the Doyenné; first;
Oct.
=Surprise. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 41. 1916.
Surprise is a valuable blight-resistant variety belonging to Pyrus
communis and promises to make a blight-resistant stock on which to
top-work commercial varieties.
=Süsse Margarethenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:53. 1856.
Germany; first published in 1833. Fruit medium, pyriform, light yellow,
often, blushed with light red and thickly dotted; flesh semi-melting,
granular, sweet, agreeably cinnamon-flavored; second for dessert, good
for household and market; Aug.
=Süsse Sommerlahnbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:52. 1856.
German; published in 1805. Fruit fairly large, variable in form, ovate,
often conic and ventriculous-pyriform, sides rather unequal, dull
greenish-yellow turning to a fine citron-yellow, without any blush but
russeted on the side next the sun, indistinct dots; flesh not juicy,
saccharine, with flavor of black currant; second for dessert, very good
for kitchen use and market; Aug.
=Suwanee. 1.= Griffing Bros. _Cat._ 13, fig. 1909.
Originated in southern Georgia and introduced by Griffing Brothers
Company in 1909. Fruit large, oblong, tapering towards both ends,
blunt; skin tough, dark golden-russet over a yellow ground, with a
slight tinge of red; flesh white, crisp, tender; good.
=Suzanne. 1.= Mas. _Pom. Gen._ =3=:129, fig. 161. 1878.
Received by Oberdieck from Van Mons without a name. Fruit rather small,
ovate, short and ventriculous, symmetrical in contour with its greatest
diameter about the center; skin delicate, bright green, sprinkled with
extremely numerous small brown spots, changing to pale yellow, golden
on the side next the sun or sometimes touched with red; flesh white,
tinted with yellow, very fine, buttery, melting, sufficiently juicy,
saccharine and delicately perfumed; good; Sept.
=Suzette de Bavay. 1.= _Pom. France_ =2=:No. 80, Pl. 80. 1863. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 865. 1869.
Major Espéren of Mechlin, Bel., obtained this long-season pear. It
fruited first in 1843. Fruit small or medium, globular, generally
mammillate at the top; skin rough, pale yellow, dotted with
greenish-brown and speckled with russet and reddish stains; flesh
white, semi-fine, melting or semi-melting, juicy, almost free from
grit; juice abundant, saccharine, acidulous, more or less perfumed with
anis; Jan. to Apr.
=Swan Egg. 1.= Langley _Pomona_ 132, Pl. LXIV. 1729.
An English variety recommended by Lindley as suitable in the Highlands
of Scotland. Fruit medium, globular-ovate; skin smooth, yellowish-green
on the shaded side and clear brownish-red on the cheek exposed to the
sun and covered with pale brown-russet; flesh yellowish-white, tender,
very juicy, with a sweet and piquant flavor and musky aroma; good; Oct.
=Sweater. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The Sweater is somewhat like the Windsor, for colour and bigeness but
nothing neare of so good a taste."
=Sylvie de Malzine. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Sent out by Daras de Naghin, Anvers, Bel. Tree vigorous and fertile.
Fruit medium, globular; flesh rather fine, melting, recalling the
Beurré d'Angleterre by its flavor; Nov. and Dec.
=Taglioretti. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:73, fig. 517. 1881.
Tree bell-shaped, pyramidal; leaves bluish-green and dull,
characteristically folded; stipules remarkably short. Fruit medium in
size, ovoid, short, broad, resembling the Bergamotte d'Été and the
Vallée Franche; skin rather firm, bright lemon-yellow to golden; dots
conspicuous; calyx medium, open; basin narrow, rather deep; flesh
white, medium fine, medium breaking, juicy; good; Aug.
=Takasaki. 1.= _Ga. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 49, 54. 1892.
Exhibited by P. J. Berckmans at the Georgia State Horticultural Society
Meeting in 1892. Said to be a Japanese pear.
=Talmadge. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =25=:125. 1870.
_Northford Seckel_ =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 123. 1881.
Originated in the garden of Levi Talmadge at Northford, Conn., as a
chance seedling of Seckel. Tree hardy and vigorous, with spreading
head, very symmetrical, attaining double the size of the Seckel, very
productive. Fruit larger and more uniform than Seckel, almost identical
in form, with the same russet ground, slightly less ruddy coloring;
flesh white, juicy, melting; inferior to Seckel; ripens with Seckel.
=Tardive d'Ellezelles. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Probably originated in Belgium. Fruit large, grayish-green, pleasantly
aromatic; heat resistant; Apr. and May.
=Tardive Garin. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Tree very vigorous and very productive. Fruit large, roundish,
grayish-yellow; flesh medium, melting, juicy, sweet; May and June.
=Tardive de Mons. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 331. 1866. =2.= _Ibid._ 654.
1884.
Fruit medium in size, oblong-obovate, even and regularly formed; skin
uniformly yellow, orange tinge next the sun; dots large and russet;
calyx large, open; stem rather slender, obliquely inserted without
depression; flesh white, tender, buttery, melting, very juicy, rich,
sugary; rated as an "excellent pear;" Nov.
=Tardive de Montauban. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 107. 1876.
Tree very productive. Fruit medium to small, rather long, reddish on
the sunny side; flesh fine, yellow, sweet, medium melting; first; very
late.
=Tardive de Solesne. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 100. 1895.
Tree vigorous and very productive. Fruit large to very large; flesh
breaking, very sweet; first; Jan. and Feb.
=Tatnall Harvest. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:424. 1853.
The Pennsylvania Horticultural Society rated specimens of this variety
submitted to it by Thomas Hancock, Burlington, N. J., as "scarcely
good."
=Tavernier de Boulogne. 1.= Field _Pear Cult._ 283. 1858. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:696, fig. 1869.
Found in 1836 by M. Tavernier in a woods near Trelaze, Fr. Tree
scraggly, productive, a good orchard tree. Fruit medium to above,
longish-conic, greenish-yellow; flesh white, firm; of first quality for
cooking; late spring and early summer.
=Taylor. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 112. 1852. =2.= _U. S. D. A. Pat.
Off. Rpt._ 282. 1853.
Mr. Merriweather, Charlottesville, Va., is credited with having
originated this pear, although it may have come from France about
1780. Tree vigorous, young wood olive; productive; fruit medium,
roundish-oblate; skin light green, mottled with dark green; stalk
rather long, fleshy at its termination in a very slight depression;
calyx very small, set in a wide, superficial basin; flesh fine in
texture, buttery; flavor vinous, with a delicate vanilla aroma; very
good; Nov. to Feb.
=Taynton Squash. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 654. 1884.
_Squash._ =2.= Thacher _Am. Orch._ 191. 1822.
An old pear which originated in Gloucestershire, Eng., previous to the
year 1805 and which is widely known as a remarkably fine perry pear
much grown in Herefordshire. It is early, tender of flesh, and "if it
drops ripe from the tree it bursts from the fall, whence probably the
name." Fruit medium to below, turbinate, dull greenish-yellow on the
shaded side and dull brownish-red next the sun, covered with rough,
russet dots; calyx open; stem slender; flesh white, with a brisk, sweet
flavor.
=Tea. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =16=:154. 1850. =2.= _Ibid._ =20=:466, fig. 22.
1854.
Mrs. Ezra Merchant, Milford, Conn., found seed from which this pear was
raised in a pound of tea which she purchased, hence the name. Similar
to White Doyenné, if not identical with it. Tree vigorous, with bright
yellow wood and deep green foliage. Fruit medium, obtuse-pyramidal,
with often a suture on one side, yellowish-green becoming blushed in
the sun; stem short, stout, fleshy at the base; calyx open; flesh
whitish, melting, juicy, vinous; very good to best; Sept.
=Templiers. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:697, fig. 1869.
The place of origin is uncertain but the time is at least prior to
1838. Fruit large, short-turbinate, dull yellow, spotted with ashy
gray; of first quality for cooking, beginning of Sept.
=Tepka. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 24, fig. 1913.
A perry pear common to lower Styria, Carniola, and the maritime regions
of Austria. Fruit Bergamot-shape, pale green becoming yellowish-green;
calyx large, open, star-shape; stem brown, medium short, often bent;
flesh juicy, sprightly; rots at the core and keeps poorly in storage;
Sept.
=Test. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
Reported by Luther Burbank, Santa Rosa, Cal., as "A large pear, being
four inches long by two and one-half across. In form much like Bartlett
and in quality more like Le Conte, but far better and far more prolific
than either. Ripens four weeks later than Le Conte. When canned is firm
and white and fully equal to or better than Bartlett."
=Tettenhall. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 733. 1841.
"This pear, supposed only to flourish in the parish of Tettenhall,
near Wolverhampton, though a very profuse bearer, has fruit almost
worthless; but as a forest tree it is remarkable for its beauty, far
surpassing in size, shape and masses of deep green foliage any other
Pear-tree I ever saw."
=Teutsche Augustbirne. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 563. 1817. =2.= Dochnahl
_Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:51. 1856.
Reported from the regions of Thuringia, Hesse, and Württemberg about
1799. Fruit medium in size, oblong-oval, bright yellow, dotted,
thick-skinned; calyx star-shape; stem fleshy; flesh breaking, sweet;
fair, a good commercial variety; Aug.
=Texas. 1.= Ragan _Fr. Recom. by Am. Pom. Soc., B. P. I. Bul._
=151=:41. 1909.
This is a whitish-yellow, medium-large, pyriform pear of good quality,
at one time considered promising along the Gulf Coast; said to have
originated in Texas.
=The Dean. 1.= J. Van Lindley _Cat._ 34. 1899.
"A very large pear that has been bearing regularly near Oak Ridge,
Guilford County, N. C., for more than 40 years. In appearance it
resembles both Bartlett and Duchesse [d'Angoulême], and is as large as
Duchesse and better in quality. Ripens between Bartlett and Duchesse,
making a very valuable pear and of good quality."
=Theilersbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:195. 1856. =2.=
Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 174, fig. 1913.
A perry pear said to have appeared in Switzerland about 1848 as a
wilding. Tree spreading, large, vigorous, strong, productive. Fruit
small, ovate, yellowish-green becoming yellow, dotted strongly with
russet; calyx open; stem medium long; flesh dull white, juicy, piquant,
without aroma.
=Theodor Körner. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:126. 1856.
A seedling raised by Van Mons of Belgium about 1851. Tree rather
vigorous, an early and good bearer. Fruit medium to above, conic,
greenish-yellow; calyx star-shaped; segments long; flesh melting,
juicy, vinous; first; Sept.
=Theodore. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:16. 1856.
According to Dochnahl this pear may have originated in Belgium about
1833. Fruit medium large, 2 inches wide and 2-1/2 inches long, smooth,
bright yellow, sunny side washed with red; dots numerous; sweet,
vinous; last of Aug.
=Theodore Van Mons. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 164, 234. 1854. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =4=:29, fig. 1856.
Originated by Van Mons in 1827. Tree vigorous, pyramidal, productive.
Fruit medium to above, obovate-pyriform to oblong-pyriform,
greenish-yellow, russeted; dots gray-green, numerous; stem curved,
about an inch long; cavity slight; calyx open; flesh yellowish-white,
rather coarse, juicy, melting, vinous; good to very good; Sept. and Oct.
=Theodore Williams. 1.= Stark Bros. _Year Book_ =5=:40. 1914.
A seedling of Kieffer raised by Theodore Williams, and introduced by
Stark Brothers Nurseries & Orchard Company about 1914. Tree hardy, is
reported to have stood a temperature of 40 degrees below zero without
injury. Fruit medium, yellowish-green, sweet, juicy.
=Théophile Lacroix. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 290. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 50. 1895.
Tree productive and of good vigor. Fruit large to very large, pyriform,
similar to the type of Beurré Diel, deep yellow, plentifully spotted
and marbled with cinnamon-red; flesh yellowish, fine, juicy, with an
aroma suggestive of orange, a little gritty about the core; first; Dec.
and Jan.
=Thérèse. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Fruit rather large, Bergamot-shape, yellowish-green; flesh very
melting, delicately aromatic; first; Oct.
=Thérèse Appert. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:699, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 2d App. 136, fig. 1872.
First fruited in 1861 from seed of Beurré Clairgeau by André Leroy,
Angers, Fr. Tree vigorous, productive. Fruit medium, oblong, turbinate,
yellowish-orange, washed with vermilion; stem short, a trifle inclined;
cavity small; calyx open; basin shallow; flesh whitish-yellow, very
juicy, very sweet, aromatic; very good; Sept.
=Theveriner Butterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:125. 1856.
Said to have originated in France about 1852. Fruit medium large,
turbinate, bright green becoming greenish-yellow, somewhat clouded and
striped with red, covered with russet; calyx star-shaped; stem thick,
one inch long; seeds mostly abortive; flesh yellowish, sweet, vinous;
Oct.
=Thibaut Butterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:126. 1856.
According to Dochnahl this is a seedling from Van Mons which originated
in Belgium in 1851. Fruit medium large, turbinate, irregular and
ill-shapen, bright green becoming yellowish-green, with gray dots, and
spotted with russet; skin thin; calyx small, erect; stem slender, 2
inches long, fleshy at the base; core and seeds small; sweet, aromatic;
very good; Oct.
=Thick Stalked Pear. 1.= Mawe-Abercrombie _Univ. Gard. Bot._ 1778.
Mentioned in the reference cited as a minor variety of winter pear
having a very large, roundish fruit.
=Thimothée. 1.= _Mas Pom. Gen._ =7=:181, fig. 574. 1881.
This variety was raised from seed by M. Pariset, a seedsman of Ain,
Fr., about 1852. Tree rather vigorous, upright, symmetrical. Fruit
medium, roundish-pyriform, regular, greenish becoming pale yellow;
calyx almost closed; stem very short, rather stout; flesh whitish, very
fine, very melting, subacid, refreshing; good; Nov. and Dec.
=Thompson= (Eng.). 1. _Mag. Hort._ =8=:64. 1842. =2.= _Pom. France_
4:156, Pl. 156. 1867.
Said to be a seedling of Van Mons originated about 1819. R. Manning,
Salem, Mass., received cions in 1841. Tree vigorous, productive; fruit
medium, obovate, lemon-yellow, russeted around the stem; stem short;
almost no cavity; calyx medium, open, slightly depressed in a small
basin; segments often united; flesh whitish-yellow, buttery, juicy;
flavor rich, sugary, aromatic; seeds large, long; Oct.
=Thompson= (N. H.). 1. Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 198. 1833. =2.= _Mag. Hort._
=3=:51. 1837.
Originated on the farm of Judge Thompson, Portsmouth, N. H. Fruit
medium to below, turbinate, quite russeted; "esteemed for its
extraordinary productiveness and long keeping" by those in the vicinity
of its origin but regarded by R. Manning, Salem, Mass., as "unfit for
cultivation."
=Thooris. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =6=:27, fig. 1858. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 868. 1869.
This Belgian pear fruited for the first time in 1854 in the garden
of the Society Van Mons. Fruit medium to below, round ovoid to oval,
or Bergamot-shape; skin yellow, shaded and striped with grayish-red.
Alexander Bivort gives, "flesh yellowish-white, half fine, melting;
juice abundant, sugary, and with an agreeable perfume ... of first
quality," whereas Downing says, "flesh white, coarse, dry, sweet, and
poor ... unworthy of cultivation." Sept.
=Thuerlinckx. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 553. 1857.
_Beurré Thuerlinckx_. =2.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 529. 1884.
This pear was found in 1848 upon an estate purchased by M. Thuerlinckx,
Mechlin, Bel. It is said to be a very large, coarse, showy pear of
long-obovate shape, with a somewhat tender and juicy flesh but without
any aroma, and very soon becoming mealy; Oct. to Dec.
=Thurston Red. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 655. 1884.
Hogg says, "a new Herefordshire perry pear of some repute." Fruit
small, turbinate, even in outline, greenish-yellow, with a thin red
cheek and a large patch of thin, pale-brown russet, especially around
the calyx; calyx small and open; stem an inch and a quarter long,
slender; cavity none; flesh yellow.
=Tiffin. 1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 289. 1893.
Originated with Henry Loose, Tiffin, O. Fruit described as large,
broad-ovate, smooth, greenish-yellow; dots numerous, brown; stem
medium long, slender, curved, inserted with no depression; basin wide,
russeted; calyx small, open; skin thin; core large; seeds large, plump,
brown; flesh white, buttery, subacid; good; Oct.
=Tigrée de Janvier. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:141, fig. 71. 1872.
Raised by L. J. Berckmans from seed produced by Major Espéren and
obtained by the former after the latter's death. Tree vigorous, rather
slender. Fruit small to below medium, ovoid-pyriform, yellowish; stem
long; flesh yellow, medium fine, melting, very juicy, vinous; not of
the most beautiful appearance yet of the highest flavor; Dec. and Jan.
=Tillington. 1.= _Trans. Lond. Hort. Soc._ =4=:521. 1822. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 868. 1869.
Exhibited by Thomas Andrew Knight before the London Horticultural
Society in 1820 as "a Seedling Pear raised from a seed of the Autumn
Bergamot impregnated with the pollen of the Jargonelle." Tree hardy,
productive. Fruit medium, short-pyriform, greenish-yellow, with light
brown russet dots; stalk short; calyx open; flesh yellowish, tender,
buttery, melting, not juicy, vinous, aromatic; good; Oct.
=Timpling. 1.= Buckman _Fruit Var. in Ex. Orch._ 6. 1901.
Included in the list of varieties in the experimental orchard of
Benjamin Buckman, Farmingdale, Ill. Mr. Buckman reports that it was
from Ludwig Hencke, Collinsville, and that he received it in 1893. Mr.
Hencke brought the Timpling with him from Germany. According to Mr.
Buckman the tree is rather free from blight, moderately productive, and
still in good shape at the age of 27 years. Fruit medium; good quality
and color.
=Tindall Swan Egg. 1.= _Trans. Lond. Hort. Soc._ =6=:396. 1826.
Specimens of a new variety of Swan Egg pear were sent to the meeting of
the London Horticultural Society in 1824 by George and William Tindall,
Beverley, Yorkshire, Eng. "It is larger and browner than the Common
Swan's Egg, and equal to it in flavor. It keeps well till the end of
January, and sometimes later."
=Tollbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 214, fig. 1913.
A very productive perry pear of Europe with fruit notable because
of its beautiful color. Tree vigorous, upright. Fruit medium,
round-obovate, very uniform; skin tough, smooth, glossy, green changing
to yellow, side next the sun blushed with bright carmine and dotted
heavily with brown-russet dots, russeted at top and bottom; calyx
small, open; stem medium long, slender; flesh almost white, juicy,
tart; mid-Oct. to Dec.
=Tolstoy. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
Originated by N. E. Hansen, Brookings, S. D., from Clapp Favorite x
Pyrus ovoidea, and introduced by him in 1919.
=Tom Strange. 1.= Buckman _Fruit Var. in Ex. Orch._ 6. 1901.
This variety is found in the experimental orchard at Farmingdale,
Ill., of Benjamin Buckman, who writes: "The 'Tom Strange' pear is a
small local variety received from a person of that name, not worthy of
disseminating under a name and had better be dropped."
=Tonkovietka. 1.= _Mont. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 53. 1882.
_Limbertwig_. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 321. 1885.
_Thintwig_. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 59. 1887.
One of the Russian pears imported by Prof. J. L. Budd from Dr. Regel,
Petrograd, Russia, about 1879 and known by the Iowa Agricultural
College under the numbers 513 and 14 m. Chas. Gibb, Abbottsford, Can.,
says this is the hardiest pear tree which bears edible fruit of which
he knows. The name means slender stalk. Tree hardy, fine, productive.
Fruit medium, conical, yellow, with red on the sunny side; flesh
porous; ripens beginning of Aug. and keeps until Sept.; commendable for
commercial orchards.
=Tonneau. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:237, Pl. LVIII, fig. 5.
1768. _2._ Hogg _Fruit Man._ 656. 1884.
_Fassbirne_. =3.= Christ _Handb._ 564. 1817.
This large cooking pear has been confused by Leroy and others with
_Uvedale St. Germain_, but Hogg and Mas agree that the two are quite
distinct. The French word _tonneau_ and the German word _fass_ are
both translated "cask," a term which describes the shape of this pear
very well. Tree vigorous; shoots upright; leaves pubescent, light
green, young leaves yellowish-green. Fruit very large, oblong-ovate or
cask-shaped; skin clear yellow; calyx large, open; basin deep, wide;
stalk an inch long, straight, woody; cavity deep, irregular; flesh very
white, rather dry; flavor brisk; more an ornament than a dessert fruit;
Nov. to Feb.
=Toronto Belle. 1.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 82. 1882.
"We tested the fruit late in December and found it in grand condition;
in quality it is equal to Beurré Bosc, and almost identical in form and
color. The tree is a slow grower but a heavy and regular bearer. It is
without doubt the finest winter pear we know of, opening, as it does, a
new era in the quality of winter pears."
=Totten Seedling. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:109. 1848. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 868. 1869.
Raised by Col. Totten, New Haven, Conn. Tree vigorous. Fruit small to
medium, roundish-pyriform to obovate, pale yellow, slightly tinged with
red in the sun; stalk long; calyx open; flesh white, sweet, perfumed;
Sept. and Oct.
=Tournay d'Hiver. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 111. 1876.
Tree vigorous and productive, upright. Fruit large to very large,
broadly turbinate; flesh buttery, melting, fine, vinous; first; Jan.
and Feb.
=Tout-il-faut. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:107, fig. 54. 1872.
One of Van Mons' seedlings. The pear does not possess all the qualities
that the name indicates. Tree hardy, productive, of medium vigor, early
bearing. Fruit medium, regular, conic-pyriform, yellowish-green mostly
covered by a brilliant crimson, very beautiful; flesh white, tender,
sweet, rather juicy, agreeably aromatic; mid-Aug.
=Träublesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:194. 1856. =2.=
Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 140, fig. 68. 1913.
This perry pear, named Träublesbirne because of the racemose or
bunch-like manner in which the fruit develops, is said to have
had its origin in Württemberg about 1830. Tree rather vigorous,
broad-pyramidal, scantily foliaged, thrifty, early bearing, productive.
Fruit long-pyriform to oval, somewhat blunt at the base, greenish,
russeted at both base and apex; dots fine; calyx open; stem long; flesh
white, juicy; good; Oct.
=Tressorier Lesacher. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 290. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 101. 1895.
Tree of moderate vigor, very fertile. Fruit medium, resembling White
Doyenné; flesh very fine; of highest quality; Oct.
=Trinkebirne. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 518, 562. 1817. =2.= Dochnahl _Führ.
Obstkunde_ =2=:14. 1856.
Originated in Saxony, Ger., about 1802. Twigs thick and long, heavily
dotted; buds small; leaves round. Fruit medium, large, conical,
yellowish, somewhat blushed, very juicy; good; last of Sept.
=Triomphe de Jodoigne. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:112. 1848. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:706, fig. 1869. =3.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 200.
1920.
Raised by Simon Bouvier, Jodoigne, Bel., in 1830. Fruit large,
oval-pyriform, tapering markedly toward stem, uneven, green becoming
lemon-yellow; calyx small, open, in a small, uneven basin; stem rather
long, stout, woody, fleshy at insertion; flesh whitish, coarse, juicy,
half-melting, sweet; good to very good; Oct.
=Triomphe de Louvain. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 154. 1841. =2.= Leroy
_Dict. Pom._ =2=:880, fig. 1889.
Originated by Van Mons about 1820. Fruit medium, roundish-oblate,
rather rough, greenish-yellow, mostly covered with dull russet, many
brown russet dots; stem rather short, stout; calyx large, open; flesh
whitish, coarse, not juicy, sweet; good; Sept.
=Triomphe de Touraine. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 104. 1895.
From the name, one infers that this variety originated near Touraine,
Fr. Tree vigorous, very productive. Fruit large to very large, green,
reddish on the side next the sun, clear yellow at maturity; flesh firm,
fine, juicy, sweet, similar in taste to Duchesse d'Angoulême but of
better quality; Nov.
=Triomphe de Tournai. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ =20=:760, fig. 139. 1883. =2.=
_Rev. Hort._ 512, fig. 1905.
M. Daras de Naghin, Tournai, Bel., originated this fruit from seed
produced in 1868. The Pomological Committee of Tournai after testing it
in 1882 and 1883 unanimously awarded its raiser a bronze medal. Tree
vigorous and productive, pyramidal, upright. Fruit medium, turbinate to
long-pyriform, symmetrical, uniformly green becoming yellow, faintly
pitted; stem short, stout; calyx medium, open; basin shallow; flesh
white, melting, juicy, sweet; good to very good; Jan. and Feb.
=Triomphe de Vienne. 1.= _Can. Hort._ =11=:261. 1888. =2.= _Soc. Nat.
Hort. France Pom._ 446, fig. 1904.
_Triumph_. =3.= _Can. Hort._ =25=:442, fig. 1902.
Raised in 1864 by M. Jean Colland, Vienne, Fr., and first distributed
in 1874, this pear has been the recipient of several awards of merit.
Tree vigorous, heavy-cropper, pyramidal. Fruit large, obovate-pyriform,
rather irregular, greenish-yellow, with russet patches, often blushed
with red; calyx open; core small; seeds usually imperfect; flesh white,
melting, juicy; flavor rich, sweet, spicy; very good; Sept. and early
Oct.
=Trompetenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_. =2=:140. 1856.
_Poire Trompette._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:97, fig. 49. 1872.
Diel obtained this variety at Schaumburg, Westphalia, but it appears to
have originated at Nassau, Prussia. Published in 1805. Fruit medium,
pyriform-conic, often irregular in form and uneven on the surface; skin
rather thick and firm, light green changing to light yellow, covered
with numerous small, round, brown spots and on the side next the sun
blushed with wine-red; flesh whitish, semi-melting, granular; juice
sufficient in quantity, very vinous but a little too astringent; third
for dessert, first for household; Oct.
=Troppauer Goldgelbe Sommermuskatellerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ.
Obstkunde_ =2=:41. 1856.
_Troppauer Muskateller._ =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 291. 1889.
Said to have originated about 1851 in Troppau, Silesia, Austria. Fruit
medium large, roundish, regular, bright yellow, frequently strongly
russeted, flecked and dotted with brown; stem thin, medium long; flesh
coarse, very sweet and somewhat musky; Aug.
=Truchsess. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:20. 1856.
Dochnahl credits this pear with having originated from seed in Dietz on
the Lahn River, Ger., about 1826. Tree large and very fruitful; twigs
long, glabrous; lenticels long; leaves ovate, entire. Fruit produced
in clusters, medium large, roundish-ovate, bright green becoming
yellowish, frequently russeted, strongly dotted; Nov.
=Truckhill Bergamot. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =11=:327. 1845. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 869. 1869.
Probably of English origin. Fruit medium or above, roundish-oblate,
yellow with crimson and fawn in the sun, sprinkled with gray and green
dots; stalk rather short; cavity deep; calyx open; basin deep, abrupt,
uneven; flesh half-melting, somewhat coarse and gritty, moderately
juicy; good; Sept. and Oct.
=Tsar. 1.= _Can. Hort._ =17=:293. 1894.
This is a Russian variety and may be synonymous with _Czar_ and
_Tsarskaya_. It has been grown successfully in the Russian Province of
Tambow, 53° north latitude. Tree very firm and wonderfully productive,
pyramidal. Fruit moderate in size, conical, yellow, red on the sunny
side; flesh soft, mellow, agreeable; flavor mild; Aug. and Sept.
=Tudor. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 157. 1867.
Said to be a seedling of Fulton and to resemble it very closely. Fruit
peculiarly shaped, russeted; stem short; flesh melting, juicy; first;
Sept. and Oct.
=Turban. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:121, fig. 61. 1872.
A beautiful early pear the origin of which is unknown. Tree vigorous,
dependably productive, hardy, late in coming into bearing. Fruit medium
in size, spherical-turbinate, green becoming pale yellow, covered
with brown around base and apex; dots very large, dark green; calyx
small; stem characteristically very short and very thick; flesh white,
streaked with yellow, very fine, melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; Aug.
=Türkische müskirte Sommerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:19.
1856.
The origin of this pear is ascribed to the Orient about the year 1832.
Tree vigorous and productive; twigs glabrous; buds long and pointed.
Fruit medium large, bulging, blunt, roundish, solid yellowish-green,
sprinkled with russet; dots fine and bright-brown; calyx usually
closed; stem woody, medium long; seeds numerous; flesh buttery; quality
of the best; Sept.
=Turnep. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The Turnep pear is a hard winter peare, not so good to eat rawe, as it
is to bake."
=Twice flowering Pear-tree. 1.= Mawe-Abercrombie _Univ. Gard. Bot._
1778.
"It often produces blossom twice a year, the first in the spring, and
the second in autumn, so is preserved in many gardens as a curiosity."
Classified as an autumn pear.
=Tyler. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 5. 1843. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees
Am._ 869. 1869.
Probably one of Gov. Edwards' seedlings which originated at New
Haven, Conn., about 1840. Tree moderately vigorous; young wood
reddish-yellow-brown. Fruit below medium, roundish-pyriform, yellow,
netted and patched and dotted with russet; stem long, slender, in a
moderate cavity, surrounded by russet; calyx open; basin shallow and
uneven; flesh white, coarse, granular, buttery, melting, juicy, brisk,
vinous; fair to good; Oct.
=Ulatis. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
A seedling of Bartlett originated by R. E. Burton, Vacaville, Cal., and
introduced in 1916. Fruit medium, pyriform, yellow; flesh white, fine,
sweet; good; Sept.
=Unterlaibacher Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 142, fig. 69. 1913.
This perry pear is a native of Carniola and probably gets its name from
the city of Laibach in that region. Tree of moderate growth, upright,
tall, with strong wood, a late and alternate bearer, long-lived.
Fruit round, large, greenish-yellow, russeted about the calyx end,
finely dotted; calyx open, wide; basin shallow; stem short, thick,
brownish-yellow, set at an angle; flesh yellowish-green, granular; Oct.
=Upper Crust. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =4=:276. 1849. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 870. 1869.
A seedling introduced by Col. Wm. Sumner, Pomaria, S. C., in 1849. Tree
pyramidal, with "switchey" limbs and gray bark. Fruit below medium,
roundish, green, covered with distinct, irregular, russet patches;
stalk rather short, stout; cavity broad, shallow; calyx large, open;
flesh granular, not juicy, rots at core; poor; Aug.
=Ursula. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:7. 1856. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 872. 1869.
Said to have originated in Belgium about 1826. Tree vigorous and very
productive; twigs green, thickly dotted; buds small, long; leaves
ovoid. Fruit below medium to above, oblong-acute-pyriform, yellowish
mostly covered with golden-russet; stem long, curved; calyx open; basin
shallow; flesh white, juicy, melting; good to very good; late Aug.
=Uwchlan. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:35, fig. 3. 1856. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ =2=:714, fig. 1869.
Originated on the premises of Widow Dowlin, near the Brandywine, in
Uwchlan Township, Pa. It fruited first in 1851. Tree of good growth,
productive, pyramidal. Fruit below medium, roundish, inclining to
obovate, pale whitish-yellow, shaded, mottled and dotted with crimson,
and thickly covered with conspicuous brown dots; stem curved, inclined;
cavity shallow, sometimes lipped; calyx partially closed; basin abrupt,
large, deep; flesh white, very juicy, very sweet, melting, aromatic;
good to very good; Sept.
=Valentine. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 872. 1869.
Said to have originated on Long Island. Fruit above medium,
oblong-acute-pyriform, pale yellowish-green, tinge of red in the sun;
flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, pleasant; good; Aug.
=Vallée Franche. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:74. 1768. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 658. 1884.
_Poire de Vallée._ =3.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:113, fig. 55. 1866-73.
A pear of ancient and unknown origin. It was grown in France in the
fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Tree very large, exceedingly
vigorous, very hardy, a regular bearer. Fruit medium or below, obovate
or obtuse-pyriform, smooth, shining yellowish-green, sprinkled with
small russet dots; flesh white, breaking, medium fine, very juicy,
sweet, slightly musky; well reported from the Old World but as
"unworthy of cultivation" from the New; last of Aug.
=Valley. 1.= Brookshaw _Hort. Reposit._ =2=:185, Pl. XCVII, fig. 2.
1823.
Possibly of English origin. Fruit oval or lemon-shape, yellow, strewn
with fine dots; skin thick; flesh soft, buttery; flavor very pleasant;
mid-Aug.
=Van Assche. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 55. 1852. =2.= _Horticulturist_
=3=:60, fig., front. 1853.
_Van Assene._ =3.= _Mag. Hort._ =8=:58. 1842. =4.= _Ibid._ =13=:60,
fig. 4. 1847.
M. Bouvier, Jodoigne, Bel., originated this pear about 1828. M. Manning
received cions of the variety from Van Mons in 1835 under the name _Van
Assene_, and this has led to incorrect statements in America that Van
Assche is a seedling of Van Mons and should be called _Van Assene_.
Tree productive, vigorous, erect, an early bearer. Fruit rather
large, roundish-obovate-pyriform, pale yellow, covered with rather
large russet specks; stem long, slender, curved; cavity medium deep;
calyx closed; basin abrupt, deep flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet,
pleasant; good to very good; Sept.
=Van Buren. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 5. 1843. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 873. 1869.
A cooking pear raised from seed by Governor Edwards of New Haven, Conn.
Fruit medium, roundish-oblate, yellow, with a rich orange-red blush
next the sun, regularly dotted with conspicuous brownish specks; flesh
white, crisp, sweet; Oct.
=Van Deventer. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 873. 1869.
Originated in New Jersey. Tree very vigorous, very productive, an early
bearer. Fruit rather small, oblong-ovate-pyriform, greenish-yellow,
shaded with brownish-red in the sun, with many gray and green dots;
stem inclined, inserted by a lip and sometimes rings; calyx partially
closed; basin shallow; flesh whitish, juicy, tender, half-melting,
sweet, pleasant, good; mid-Aug.
=Van Marum. 1.= _Pom. France_ =3=:No. 125, Pl. 125. 1865. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 873. 1869.
_Calebasse Grosse_. =3.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 541. 1884.
Originated by Van Mons in 1823. Tree vigorous, productive. Fruit very
large, sometimes measuring six inches long, oblong-pyriform, yellow;
stem rather long, slender; cavity flattened; calyx large; basin
shallow, regular; flesh white, apt to rot at the core, half-melting,
not especially juicy, sweet, aromatic; fair to good; Oct.
=Van Mons frühe Pomeranzenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_
=2=:159. 1856.
Originated by Van Mons about 1852. Fruit broadly turbinate, light green
becoming yellow, thickly dotted, specked with russet; stem thick, one
inch long; flesh half-melting; second-rate in quality; Aug.
=Van Mons Sommer Schmalzbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:142.
1856.
Originated by Van Mons of Belgium about 1852, from seed. Tree vigorous
and productive. Fruit medium large, 2 inches wide, 3-1/2 inches high,
with protuberances, light green becoming greenish-yellow, without red,
spotted with russet; calyx open, star-shaped; stem curved, medium long;
flesh fine, moderately melting; last of Aug.
=Van Mons späte Wirthschaftbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_
=2=:187. 1856.
Said to be a seedling of Van Mons originated about 1854. Twigs long,
red; leaves small. Fruit oval, 2-3/4 inches wide, 3-1/2 inches high,
with the bulge in the middle, green becoming yellowish-green; dots
black; calyx almost closed; segments erect; stem woody, 1 inch long;
flesh breaking, sweet; last of Nov.
=Van Mons süsse Haushaltsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:182.
1856.
Said to have been originated by Van Mons about 1852. Fruit
conic-pyriform, 2-1/2 inches wide, 3 inches tall, bright green becoming
lemon-yellow, sometimes striped with red, more or less flecked with
russet; dots not conspicuous; basin shallow; stem thick, 3/4 inch long,
inclined; flesh yellowish-white, fine, smooth, sweet; Sept. and Oct.
=Van Tertolen Herbst Zuckerbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_
=2=:89. 1856.
_Sucré de Tertolen_. =2.= Mas _Le Verger_ =3=:Pt. 1, 129, fig. 63. 1868.
_Tertolen Herbst Zuckerbirne_. =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 289. 1889.
Of Dutch origin. Tree light green; petioles long and very slender;
leaves curved and sharply acuminate. Fruit nearly medium,
globular-turbinate; skin rather thick, green, with large brown spots;
flesh white, granular, buttery, rather gritty around the core,
acidulous, perfumed; first; Nov.
=Van de Weyer Bates. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =18=:417. 1852. =2.= Mas _Pom.
Gen._ =5=:71, fig. 324. 1880.
Said to have been originated by Van Mons about 1823. Tree vigorous,
large, rather tall, an early and good bearer. Fruit below medium;
roundish-obovate, pale yellow, covered with small brown dots and a
few brown veins; stem short, rather stout; calyx large, open; flesh
yellowish, buttery, juicy, rich, sugary, pleasantly aromatic; a fine
late pear; Mar. to May.
=Vanderveer. 1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =1=:156. 1831.
Originated from seed of White Doyenné with Dr. Adrian Vanderveer of
Long Island, and was named after the originator by William Prince.
Tree vigorous, very productive. Fruit medium, yellow, with a tinge of
russet; flesh melting, buttery; Sept.
=Varuna. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 44. 1866.
A seedling fruited by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., in 1862.
Tree productive. Fruit turbinate, 3-1/2 inches wide, 4 inches long,
greenish-yellow; core small; flesh white, juicy, slightly acid; Sept.
=Vauquelin. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =14=:112. 1848. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._
=2=:723, fig. 889. 1869.
_Saint-Germain Vauquelin_. 3. _Pom. France_ 2:No. 65, Pl. 65. 1864.
Raised by M. Vauquelin, Rouen, Fr., from seed sown about 1816. Tree
vigorous, pyramidal. Fruit medium to above, obovate-pyriform to
oblong-obovate-pyriform, undulating in outline, yellow, brownish next
the sun, with patches and traces of russet and russet dots; stem
inserted without depression; calyx large, open; flesh white, very
juicy, brisk; good; Dec. and Jan.
=Venusbrust. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:178. 1856.
Said to have originated in Thuringia about 1796. Tree upright, leafy,
very productive; leaves large, truncate. Fruit roundish-turbinate,
rather large, beautiful bright yellow, usually red next the sun, dotted
with fine brown dots, russeted at both ends; calyx segments short;
flesh coarse-grained, granular, aromatic, sweet; Dec. to Apr.
=Vergoldete oder wahre graue Dechantsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ.
Obstkunde_ =2=:92. 1856.
Said to have originated in Austria about 1836. Tree an early bearer.
Fruit small to above, roundish-turbinate, greenish-gray becoming
golden, russeted and dotted with gray, very agreeable; Nov.
=Verguldete Herbstbergamotte. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 551. 1817.
A German variety. Fruit large, Bergamot-form; skin rough, yellow-brown
and gray, golden-yellow when ripe; flesh tender, breaking and somewhat
musky; end of Sept.
=Verlaine d'Été. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =7=:29, fig. 1859.
_Verlain._ =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 874. 1869.
First reported in 1823 as a seedling of Van Mons. The name _Verlaine
d'Été_ has been applied to two other varieties, Flemish Beauty and
_Bergamotte Heems_. The pear here described is distinct from the
former but resembles the latter somewhat closely. Tree vigorous,
productive, carrying its branches horizontal. Fruit medium, oblong,
obovate-pyriform, pale yellow-orange in the sun, with patches and dots
of brownish-red; stalk slender, inserted in a small cavity; calyx with
short, stiff segments; flesh white, half-fine, melting, juicy, sweet,
vinous; Sept.
=Vermillion d'en Haut. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:726, fig. 1869. =2.=
Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 874. 1869.
Originated by M. Boisbunel, Rouen, Fr., and first reported in 1858.
Tree moderately vigorous, productive, pyramidal. Fruit medium,
turbinate-pyriform, olive-yellow, shaded with red in the sun; stem
short, stout, inserted without depression; calyx large, open; flesh
fine, melting, juicy, sweet; Sept.
=Vermont. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 874. 1869.
Supposed to be a seedling which is said to have been taken from Vermont
to Oswego, N. Y., where it fruited. Tree upright. Fruit medium or
below, obovate-pyriform, pale whitish-yellow, slight red in the sun,
traced, netted and dotted with russet; stalk slender; cavity deep;
calyx with erect segments; flesh whitish, juicy, melting, sweet,
pleasant; good to very good; Oct.
=Vernusson. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:727, fig. 1869.
In 1694 this variety was mentioned as having been named after the place
Vernusson in Anjou, near Angers, Fr. Fruit medium in size, turbinate,
pale yellow, shaded with rose on the side next the sun, covered at the
base and apex with brown; calyx medium, open; flesh white, very fine,
melting, juicy, sweet, aromatic; of first quality; Dec. to middle of
Feb.
=Verte-longue panachée. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:195, Pl.
XXXVII. 1768. =2.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =1=:65, fig. 1853.
_Long Green Panache_. =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 804. 1869.
A striped variety of Long Green of Autumn, differing from the original
in having the wood and fruit striped with green and yellow bands, and
in having the leaves occasionally striped with yellow.
=Verte-Longue de la Sarthe. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:732, fig. 1869.
_Grosse Verte-Longue Précoce de la Sarthe_. 2. Mas _Pom. Gen._ 5:79,
fig. 1880.
A variety well known and esteemed for many years in the country around
Mans in France. Fruit nearly medium, globular-conic, obtuse, bright
green, speckled with grayish dots, often rather russeted toward the
poles; at maturity the green changes to greenish-yellow; flesh whitish,
fine, very melting, full of sugary juice, vinous and relieved with a
refreshing savor; good; end of July.
=Verulam. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 805, fig. 1855. =2.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy
Fr._ 202. 1920.
A very old pear the origin of which is uncertain. Tree hardy, forming
a round, spreading head, productive. Fruit rather large, almost oval,
rough, entirely covered with yellowish-brown russet appearing almost
black; stem woody; calyx open; flesh crisp, coarse-grained, assuming a
fine red when cooked; seldom better than cooking quality; Jan. to Mar.
=Vezouzière. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 88. 1856. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._
=2=:734, fig. 1869.
_Bergamotte von Vezouzière._ =3.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 177. 1889.
From information gathered by André Leroy from M. Hutin, manager of the
nurseries of M. Léon Leclerc of Laval, it would seem that this variety
was found by Léon Leclerc in a field near the Château de la Vezouzière,
Mayenne, Fr. Tree vigorous, productive. Fruit medium to below,
roundish-turbinate, yellowish, sprinkled with minute gray and green
dots; stalk long, curved, inserted in a broad, shallow cavity; calyx
open, persistent, in a wide, uneven basin; flesh very juicy, melting,
sweet; agreeable; good to very good; Sept.
=Vicar Junior. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 92. 1872.
Hon. M. P. Wilder notes: "A seedling of my own from the Vicar of
Winkfield. Large, long, ovate-pyriform, color dull yellow, with a
few traces of russet, and a brownish, red cheek; in shape and color
resembling Louise Bonne de Jersey more than its parent. Flesh melting,
very juicy and tender, flavor acidulous and rich. 'Very good.' Season
the whole month of October."
=Vice-Président Coppiers. 1.= _Gard. Chron._ 3rd Ser. =37=:69. 1905.
A chance seedling raised by M. Coppiers of France. Fruit medium,
regular-pyriform, brown, assuming an orange tint at maturity; stem
moderately long; calyx slightly depressed; flesh delicate, with a
slight almond flavor; Sept. and Oct.
=Vice-Président Decaye. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 294. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 101. 1895.
Tree of medium vigor, very productive. Fruit medium in size; flesh very
fine, highly flavored, sweet; Sept. and Oct.
=Vice-Président Delbée. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 294. 1889. =2.= _Guide
Prat._ 64. 1895.
Originated by M. Sannier, Rouen, Fr. Tree productive, of good vigor.
Fruit medium to large, resembling Passe Crassane, borne in clusters;
flesh fine, melting, of a peculiar flavor; through the winter.
=Vice-Président Delehoye. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =1=:53, fig. 27. 1872.
Originated by M. Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. Tree of good vigor, an early
bearer. Fruit medium, oval to oblong-turbinate, clear bright yellow;
flesh melting, juicy, delicately aromatic; first; Oct. and Nov.
=Victor. 1.= _Mo. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 235. 1886.
_Miller Victor._ =2.= _Mo. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 235. 1886.
W. P. Stark of Missouri, one of the introducers of this variety, states
that he received it from Judge S. Miller, who said that it originated
in Chester County, Pa., about 1856. Tree said to be little affected
by blight. Fruit large, pyriform, smooth, greenish-yellow, slightly
blushed; dots numerous, small; flavor subacid to sweet; Sept.
=Victoria de Williams. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 112. 1876.
Of English origin. Tree hardy. Fruit large, turbinate, lemon-yellow,
with patches of brownish-red; stem fleshy; flesh fine, very tender,
melting, buttery, very juicy, richly flavored, finely perfumed; first;
Oct.
=Victorina. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 59, 60. 1887. =2.= _Ia. Hort. Soc.
Rpt._ 170. 1894.
A Russian sort received from Russia by the Iowa Station in 1879 and
again in 1882. It is described as a hardy tree free from blight or sun
scald and is given two stars for productiveness and quality by Dr.
Fischer of Voronesh, a German pomologist. In this country it is said to
be of no commercial importance.
=Vigne. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:242, Pl. LVIII, fig. 2. 1768.
=2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:736, fig. 1869.
_Vine Pear._ =3.= Mawe-Abercrombie _Univ. Gard. Bot._ 1778.
_Lady._ =4.= Prince _Pom. Man._ 1:59. 1831.
_Demoiselle._ =5.= Mas _Le Verger_ =3=:Pt. 2, 145, fig. 169. 1866-73.
Said to have originated in France, possibly near Anjou, prior to
1675. Tree large, vigorous, scraggly, very productive. Fruit small,
turbinate, rough, dull red, covered with gray specks; calyx large,
open; stem long, slender; flesh yellowish, slightly granular, juicy,
well perfumed; Oct.
=Villain XIV. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:40. 1856.
Said to have originated in Belgium in 1825. Tree an early and heavy
bearer. Fruit medium in size, variable, oblong-turbinate, unequal,
greenish-yellow, strewn with fine russet dots; calyx small, open; stem
thick, medium in length; flesh melting, gritty near the core, sweetly
perfumed; Sept.
=Villéne de Saint-Florent. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:739, fig. 1869.
It is said that this variety, which was known prior to 1846, may have
been originated near and named after the village of Saint-Florent near
Saumur, Fr. Tree of medium productiveness. Fruit large, variable in
shape from ovoid to globular, unequal, green dotted with reddish-gray;
flesh breaking; a cooking pear; Oct.
=Vin de Anglais. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:740, fig. 899. 1869.
An old pear of uncertain origin. Tree vigorous, very productive. Fruit
small, turbinate, greenish-yellow, largely washed with bright red;
flesh juicy, very sweet, high in quality; Aug.
=Vineuse. 1.= _Pom. France_ =4=:No. 148, Pl. 148. 1859.
_Vineuse Esperen._ =2.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =7=:89, fig. 1859.
Raised by Major Espéren, Mechlin, Bel., and introduced about 1840. Tree
vigorous, productive. Fruit medium, pyriform, pale yellowish-green,
patched and netted with russet, dotted with many small, brown and green
dots; calyx large, open; stem short, fleshy; flesh yellowish-white,
half-fine, melting, very juicy, vinous, delicately perfumed; good; Oct.
=Vingt-cinquième Anniversaire de Léopold I^{er}. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_
=7=:17, fig. 1859. =2.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:742, fig. 901. 1869.
_Twenty-fifth Anniversaire de Leopold I._ =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
869. 1869.
_Souvenir de Leopold I^{er}._ =4.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =7=:171, fig. 566.
1881.
Obtained by Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel., in 1855. Fruit medium,
spherical; skin fine, thin, soft, very pale green sprinkled with small,
faint grayish dots, few in number and unequally spaced, changing to
jonquil-yellow; flesh very white, fine, semi-melting, only fairly
juicy, but saccharine, with a flavor of sweet wine; first; Oct.
=Virginale du Mecklembourg. 1.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =4=:43, fig. 214. 1879.
Originated, probably in Mecklenburg, previous to 1864. Tree pyramidal,
vigorous, moderately productive. Fruit medium, regularly conic to
conic-pyriform, bright yellow, sown with gray dots; calyx large, open;
stem rather long, continuous with the base of the fruit; flesh white,
half-fine, breaking, rather abundant in a rich sugary juice, agreeably
high-flavored; Aug.
=Virginie Baltet. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 546. 1903. =2.= _Ibid._ 92, fig.
1905.
Raised, and introduced in 1904, by Charles Baltet, Troyes, Fr. Tree
vigorous, pyramidal, very productive. Fruit large to very large,
club-shaped, oblique at the base, yellowish, blushed with red; stem
short; flesh melting, juicy, sugary, delicately perfumed; very good;
Nov. and Dec.
=Virgouleuse. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:224, Pl. LI. 1768. =2.=
Brookshaw _Hort. Reposit._ =1=:Pl. XLIX, fig. 1. 1823. =3.= Hogg _Fruit
Man._ 661. 1884.
This variety originated at the village of Virgouleé, near Limoges, of
which the Marquis Chambrette was the baron, and by whom it was first
introduced about 1650. From this circumstance it has often been called
_Chambrette_, after the marquis. The tree is strong and vigorous but
is a late and indifferent bearer and is apt to drop its fruit before
ripe. It is said that the fruit is very susceptible to absorbing
odors and flavors and must be stored near materials which will
improve rather than impair the flavor. In Europe it is regarded as an
excellent dessert pear, but in this country it has not met with great
success. Fruit medium to large, pyriform, rounded towards the eye and
tapering thickly towards the stalk; skin smooth, delicate, lively green
becoming a beautiful pale lemon-yellow, sprinkled with numerous gray
and red dots; calyx small, open, set in a small shallow basin; stem
an inch long, fleshy at the base, attached with no depression; flesh
yellowish-white, delicate, buttery, melting, very juicy, with a sugary
and perfumed flavor; Nov. to Jan.
=Vital. 1.= _Rev. Hort._ 271, 425, figs. 110, 111. 1891.
_Beurré Vital._ =2.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 185. 1889.
Found near Pontoise, Fr., prior to 1890 by M. Vital. Tree vigorous,
productive, an annual bearer. Fruit 3-1/4 in. long, 3 in. broad,
resembling White Doyenné, unequal, sloping towards both top and bottom
but more towards the stem end; skin beautiful golden-yellow in color;
stem short; flesh whitish, melting, slightly granular, sweet, agreeably
perfumed; sometimes keeping as late as May.
=Vitrier. 1.= Duhamel _Trait. Arb. Fr._ =2=:139, Pl. XLIV, fig. 4.
1768. =2.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =1=:106. 1831.
Valerius Cordus, a botanist, who died in 1544, mentions a _Pyrum
Vitreum_ common in Saxony, and it may be, then, that Vitrier is of this
origin. Fruit large, oval, deep red speckled with brown points on the
sunny side and light green dotted with deeper green on the shady side;
stem moderately large, an inch long; flesh white but not very delicate,
agreeable; Nov. and Dec.
=Volkmarserbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:13. 1856. =2.=
Lauche _Deut. Pom._ =II=:No. 96. Pl. 96. 1883.
_Volkmarsen._ =3.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:750, fig. 1869.
It is thought that this pear may have originated near the town of
Volkmarsen, Ger., prior to 1795. Tree large, vigorous, hardy, very
productive. Fruit small, oval, yellow, almost entirely covered with
brown, sprinkled with numerous dots of a brighter color; calyx open;
flesh half-melting, juicy, piquant, sweetish; Sept.
=Von Zugler. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 877. 1869.
Said by Downing in 1869 to be a new Belgian variety. Tree slender,
productive. Fruit medium, roundish-acute-pyriform, yellow, nearly
covered with cinnamon-russet; stem rather short, inclined in a slight
depression by a fleshy lip; calyx small, open; segments short, erect;
basin small; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, slightly aromatic;
very good; Sept.
=Voscovoya. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 320, 323. 1885. =2.= _Am. Pom.
Soc. Rpt._ 60, 61. 1887.
_Waxy_. 3. _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 323. 1885.
A Russian variety introduced by the Iowa Agricultural College from P.
J. Tretjakoff, Orel, Russia, about 1883, and said to be "an extra fine
pear." Professor Budd thought it identical with _Vosovoya_ or _Waxen_.
=Vosschanka. 1.= _Can. Hort._ =17=:291. 1894.
A variety grown by M. Mitschurin, one of the most celebrated Russian
horticulturists, in the Russian Province of Tambow, 53 north latitude.
Fruit medium, yellow; "flavor excellent, ripens in the month of August,
and keeps till October."
=Wade. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
Grown by I. C. Wade, Cornelia, Ga. Fruit rather large, roundish,
short-pyriform, irregular, yellow; dots raised, russet, very prominent;
stem short, very stout, fleshy, inserted in a round, very small,
shallow, abrupt, russeted cavity; calyx small, closed, in shallow,
abrupt basin; flesh white with yellow fibers, moderately juicy, tender,
rather coarse, nearly sweet; good; mid-season.
=Wadleigh. 1.= Cole _Am. Fr. Book_ 154. 1849.
Originated in New Hampshire. Tree rather hardy, moderately vigorous.
Fruit medium, almost globular, yellow, slightly netted and patched with
russet; stem short, stout, inserted in a slight cavity, sometimes by a
fold or lip; basin slight; calyx with small short lobes; flesh white,
fine, a little gritty, juicy, melting, pleasant; good; Sept.
=Wahre Canning. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:56. 1856.
Said by Dochnahl to have originated in England about 1842. Tree
vigorous and very productive. Fruit medium large, obovate, bright green
becoming greenish-yellow, often blushed with bright brown, sparsely
dotted; stem thin, 1-3/4 inches long; flesh non-aromatic, not juicy,
sweet, becoming mealy; Aug. and Sept.
=Wahre Faustbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:3. 1856.
According to Dochnahl this pear originated in Germany about 1801. Tree
very large and productive. Fruit very large, pyriform, regular, even
yellow, flecked and dotted with russet; calyx large, deep set; stem an
inch long; Oct.
=Wahre Schneebirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:199. 1856
Probably a wild pear of Austria, first mentioned in 1810. Fruit round,
green becoming yellow, somewhat blushed on the sunny side; dots
yellowish; stem thick, flesh very sour becoming sweeter; Dec.
=Wallis Kieffer. 1.= Stark Bros. _Year Book_ =5=:40. 1914.
The introducers of this pear, Stark Brothers Nurseries and Orchards
Company, received it from Henry Wallis of St. Louis County, Missouri.
It is reported as a strong-growing tree, blight resistant, and a heavy
bearer, fruit of better quality than Kieffer and two weeks earlier.
=Warner. 1.= _Ind. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 123. 1885.
Originated in Indiana in 1832. Tree said to be blight-resistant. Fruit
medium, symmetrical, light yellow; flesh buttery, melting, mild; fair
to good; last of Aug. and first of Sept.
=Washington. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 187. 1832. =2.= _Mag. Hort._
=10=:296, fig. 1844.
_Robertson_. =3.= _N. E. Farmer_ =7=:259. 1830.
Discovered in a thorn hedge at Naaman's Creek, Del., about 1801, by
General Robertson or Robinson, the owner of the land, and said to
have been named by him in honor of his friend and commander, George
Washington. Tree vigorous, not large, an abundant bearer. Fruit
medium, obovate, ending very obtusely at the stem, regular, smooth,
clear yellow with a sprinkling of reddish dots on the sunny side;
stem an inch and a half long, inserted in a slight depression; calyx
small, partly closed, set in a shallow basin; flesh white, very juicy,
melting, sweet, agreeable; very good; Sept.
=Waterloo. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 663. 1884.
Fruit medium, turbinate, broad at the apex, pale green becoming
brownish-red, with a few streaks of brighter red next the sun, thickly
covered with gray russety dots; stem rather short, inserted in a small
round cavity; calyx open, in a deep, wide, even basin; flesh yellowish,
crisp, juicy, sugary, perfumed; second-rate; Sept.
=Watson. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =10=:212. 1844. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
878. 1869.
Originated in Plymouth, Mass., on the farm of William Watson prior
to 1843. Tree productive. Fruit below medium to above, roundish to
obtusely obovate, yellowish, covered mostly with russet; flesh whitish,
coarse, moderately juicy, sweet; of low quality; early Sept.
=Webster. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 878. 1869.
Said to have originated at Hudson, N. Y. Tree a moderate grower,
productive. Fruit medium, globular-obtuse-pyriform, yellow with traces
and nettings of russet and many brown dots; stem long, slender,
inclined, set in a small russeted cavity; calyx open, segments long,
reflexed; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, slightly aromatic; good
to very good; Nov.
=Weeping Willow. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 37. 1867.
A seedling by Asahel Foot "called Weeping Willow, from the remarkably
pendulous habit of the tree, but the fruit is of third quality."
=Weidenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:189. 1856.
Said to have originated in Germany about 1807. Fruit medium large,
pyriform, uneven, bright green becoming golden yellow, often blushed
with red and strongly dotted with gray, flecked with dark spots;
calyx large, open; stem crooked, an inch and a half long; flesh firm,
fine-grained, sweet, aromatic; Sept.
=Weidenblättrige Herbstbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:15.
1856.
Said to have originated in Württemberg, Ger., about 1830. Tree
of medium size. Fruit in clusters, medium large, pyriform, pale
greenish-yellow, becoming somewhat striped with red or marked by
reddish dots; Sept.
=Weihmier Sugar. 1.= _Hopedale Nurs. Cat._ 18. 1912.
It is said by the Hopedale Nursery Company, introducer of this variety,
that it is not a new pear but an unknown old one renamed. Tree thrifty,
blights somewhat. Fruit medium to large and regarded by some as of
"highest possible flavor."
=Weiler'sche Mostbirn. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 107. 1876. =2.= Löschnig
_Mostbirnen_ 178, fig. 1913.
A native of Austria and valued highly for perry. Tree vigorous, an
early and heavy bearer. Fruit small, globular, greenish-yellow, dotted,
russet at the apex; stem medium in length, somewhat curved and set in
a slight depression; calyx open; flesh yellowish-white, firm, with a
sweet, aromatic flavor; Oct. and Nov.
=Weisse Fuchsbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 180, fig. 1913.
A perry pear probably of Austrian origin. Tree rather vigorous,
pyramidal, becoming more spreading. Fruit medium, usually turbinate,
light yellowish-green, covered with numerous fine dots, flaked with
russet around stem and calyx; calyx small, open; stem long, same color
as the fruit and continuous with it; flesh white, rather fine-grained,
juicy, sweet; Oct.
=Weisse Hangelbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 70, fig. 1913.
A perry pear probably of Austrian origin. Tree vigorous, broadly
pyramidal, large, a late but regular and heavy bearer. Fruit small,
round, greenish-yellow, covered with numerous fine, brown-russet dots
and small russet splotches; calyx small, open; stem short, inserted
without depression; flesh pure white, granular, very juicy, slightly
acid; Oct.
=Weisse Kochbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 102, fig. 1913.
A perry pear of unknown origin. Tree pyramidal, not a dependable
bearer. Fruit medium to above, globular, light-yellow, covered with
numerous russet dots; calyx open, set in a narrow, abrupt basin;
stem medium, brown; flesh pure white, slightly granular, very juicy,
pleasantly sweet; Oct.
=Weisse Pelzbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 144, fig. 1913.
A perry pear of Austria. Tree moderately vigorous, compact, an early
and regular bearer. Fruit medium, variable, turbinate, greenish-yellow
to yellowish-white, heavily dotted and splotched with russet,
especially about stem and calyx, often marked with scab spots; calyx
open; stem medium, strong, set with little or no depression; flesh
yellowish-white, slightly granular, juicy, sweetish, sometimes slightly
bitter; Sept. and Oct.
=Welbeck Bergamot. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 89. 1845. =2.= Hogg
_Fruit Man._ 663. 1884.
_Bergamotte Welbeck_. 3. Mas _Pom. Gen._ 5:87, fig. 332. 1880.
Fruit above medium, roundish, uneven in outline, bossed about the
stalk, smooth, shining, lemon-yellow, thickly sprinkled with large
russet specks, blushed with light crimson on side next the sun; calyx
small, open, set in a shallow depression; stem medium, inserted in an
uneven cavity; flesh white, rather coarse-grained, half-melting, very
juicy, sugary, without flavor; inferior; Oct. and Nov.
=Wellington. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 43. 1864. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 879. 1869.
This, with other seedlings, was imported from France about 1854
by A. Wellington, Braintree, Mass. It was exhibited before the
Massachusetts Horticultural Society in 1864. It may be that there
is a second Wellington pear, or even a third, for in 1852 there was
exhibited before the Massachusetts Horticultural Society "Wellington,
(two varieties)." A description of a Wellington pear is given in the
_Magazine of Horticulture_ of the following year, while in 1854 the
American Pomological Society included a variety of similar name in
its list of rejected fruits. At all events, the pear herein described
is the one now known as Wellington. Fruit large, similar in shape to
Beurré d'Anjou, but longer, yellow, clouded with green; calyx small,
open, with short, stiff, slightly incurved lobes, basin shallow; stem
very short, set in a slight cavity; flesh yellowish-white, somewhat
coarse, juicy, melting, sweet, with a peculiar "confectionery" flavor
or aroma; Nov.
=Welsche Bratbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:2. 1856. =2.=
Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 26; fig. 1913.
A perry pear of first rank which is said to have originated in
Württemberg about 1823. Tree a very late yet regular and productive
bearer. Fruit medium, roundish-oval to turbinate, whitish, splotched
with yellowish-green, covered with numerous fine russet dots; calyx
large, open, star-shaped; stem medium, rather stout, set in a small
cavity as though stuck into the fruit; flesh greenish-white, granular,
slightly firm, juicy, sweet; last of Sept. and Oct.
=Weltz. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 52. 1871.
A seedling introduced by Leo Weltz, Wilmington, Ohio. Fruit large,
oblong-obovate-pyriform, good for cooking only.
=Wendell. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =16=:460. 1850. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
879. 1869.
The name given, in honor of H. Wendell, Albany, N. Y., to one of Van
Mons' seedlings which fruited in the Pomological Garden at Salem
previous to 1850. Tree moderately vigorous, upright, productive. Fruit
rather small to medium, roundish-pyriform, yellow, having a somewhat
russety skin, tinged with red on the sunny side, sprinkled with
dots; calyx small, partially open; stem short, stout; flesh whitish,
fine-grained, juicy, melting, buttery, sweet, pleasant; good; Sept.
=Wesner. 1.= _N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 32. 1886.
A pear from W. D. Wesner, Prairiesville, Ark., which is said to be a
very productive early variety and one that may be valuable for shipping.
=Westcott. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:515. 1847. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =17=:261,
fig. 30. 1851.
_Trescott._ 3. _Horticulturist_ 2:241, 287. 1847.
The Westcott, or _Wescott_, and the _Trescott_ are the same. Through a
typographical error in the description of Westcott, later corrected,
the name _Trescott_ first appeared. Westcott originated on the farm of
Niles Westcott in Cranston, R. I., previous to 1847. Tree vigorous, an
early bearer, productive. Fruit medium, roundish-obovate, occasionally
slightly flattened laterally, greenish-yellow becoming a light
orange-yellow, covered with numerous minute russet dots and with many
conspicuous specks of the same color; calyx medium, open, set in a
shallow basin; stem very long, rather slender, curved, inserted by a
fleshy nob in a shallow cavity; flesh whitish, rather coarse, melting,
juicy, sweet, agreeable; good; last of Sept. and early Oct.
=Westphälische Melonenbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:116.
1856.
First reported from Westphalia and Thuringia, Ger., about 1803. Tree
very productive. Fruit oblong-obovate, pale green becoming pale
yellow; dots grayish; skin thick; calyx open; stem rather short; flesh
yellowish, deliciously melon-flavored; Jan. and Feb.
=Westrumb. 1.= Liebel _Syst. Anleit._ 132. 1825. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ =2=:754, fig. 1869.
Raised by Van Mons about 1825. Tree very productive. Fruit medium,
turbinate, greenish-yellow, overcast with bronze and netted with gray;
heavily dotted; stem very short, thick, continuous with the fruit;
flesh very juicy, of a very savory perfume; of highest quality; Sept.
=Wetmore. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 879. 1869.
Raised by E. B. Wetmore, Westmoreland, N. Y. Tree upright, vigorous.
Fruit small, roundish-oval, pale yellow, with nettings and patches of
russet, and thickly sprinkled with russet dots; stem long, slender, set
in a small cavity, sometimes by a lip; calyx open; lobes short, erect;
basin shallow, slightly corrugated; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet,
aromatic; good to very good; Oct.
=Wharton Early. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 560. 1857.
_Précoce de Wharton._ =2.= _Guide Prat._ 113. 1876.
Origin unknown. Fruit medium, oblong-acute-pyriform, pale yellow, with
traces of russet, and thickly sprinkled with russet dots; stem long,
curved, rather slender, set in a slight cavity, sometimes by a lip;
calyx open in a small basin; flesh whitish, juicy, melting, sweet,
slightly musky; good to very good; Aug.
=Wheeler. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =24=:505, fig. 21. 1858. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 880. 1869.
About 1836 a maiden lady of Greenwich, R. I., planted the core of a
Gardener pear, from which sprang a tree, fruit of which was brought
to the attention of the Massachusetts Horticultural Society by Dr.
Wheeler of Greenwich in 1851. The Society named the pear in honor of
Dr. Wheeler. Tree vigorous, upright. Fruit medium, roundish-obovate,
pale yellowish-green, mottled with greenish patches and dotted with
numerous gray and green dots; stem medium, set in a small contracted
cavity; calyx open, set in an uneven, abrupt basin; flesh white, juicy,
melting, sweet, pleasant; good; Aug.
=Whieldon. 1.= _U. S. D. A. Rpt._ 127, fig., Pl. XI. 1863.
_McLellan._ =2.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 151. 1862.
Originated in the garden of Wm. W. Whieldon, Concord, Mass., and
first brought to notice about 1862. Tree moderately vigorous,
upright-spreading, a profuse bearer. Fruit medium or above,
obtuse-obovate, yellowish-green, tinged with red in the sun, dotted
and netted with russet, stem long, slender, slightly inclined, set in
a shallow cavity; calyx open, set in a medium sized, uneven basin;
segments recurved; flesh whitish, a little gritty near the core, juicy,
melting, buttery, sweet, pleasant, slightly aromatic; good to very
good; Sept.
=White Genneting. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 593. 1629.
"The White Genneting is a reasonable good peare, yet not equall to the
other."
=White Longland. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 664. 1884.
Said to be a good stewing pear, cooking to a splendid red color,
but coarse and rough in flavor; also used for perry. Fruit medium,
turbinate, even, regular, yellowish-green, pale red next the sun,
thickly sprinkled with large russet dots, with lines of russet and a
patch round the stalk; calyx open, set in a shallow basin; stem rather
short, straight, inserted in a narrow, shallow cavity; flesh yellowish,
firm, coarse-grained, with a brisk, sweet juice.
=White Seedling. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =19=:522. 1853. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 881. 1869.
_Semis de White._ =3.= _Guide Prat._ 75, 292. 1895.
A native of New Haven, Conn., exhibited in 1853. Tree vigorous,
very productive. Fruit medium, roundish-obovate to oblong-obovate,
greenish-yellow, sometimes with a brownish-blush in the sun,
considerably netted and patched with russet, sprinkled with many russet
dots; stem long, inclined, set in a shallow cavity, often by a fleshy
lip; calyx open, with short, erect lobes, set in a small, uneven basin;
flesh yellowish, juicy, melting; sweet, aromatic; good to very good;
Oct. to Feb.
=White Squash. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 664. 1884.
A Herefordshire, Eng., perry pear. Fruit medium, roundish-turbinate,
even and regular in outline, yellowish-green, strewn with small russety
dots, with here and there a patch of russet, but always russety round
the stalk and the calyx; calyx open, set in a saucer-like basin; stem
medium, inserted without depression and with a fleshy swelling on one
side; flesh coarse, crisp, very juicy, harshly astringent.
=White Star. 1.= _Spring Hill Nurs. Cat._ 10, fig. 1921.
Tree reported as hardy, productive and fruit as of the size of
Bartlett, keeping until May and June, and good for dessert.
=Whitfield. 1.= _Cultivator_ 66. 1839. =2.= _Mag. Hort._ =16=:296. 1850.
Placed on the list of Rejected Fruits by the second Congress of Fruit
Growers in 1850. Tree a good bearer. Fruit medium, oblong-obovate,
yellowish-brown, buttery, very good; Oct. and Nov.
=Wiest. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =18=:492. 1852. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
882. 1869.
Reported from Pennsylvania in 1852. Tree vigorous, an early bearer,
inclined to be alternate. Fruit medium or below, roundish-obovate,
green, shaded with dull red and sprinkled with green and gray dots;
stem rather stout, medium in length; calyx small, closed; lobes
connivent; flesh whitish-green, juicy, melting, subacid; good; Sept.
=Wilbur. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ 10:211. 1844. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._
882. 1869.
_Early Wilbur._ =3.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 4. 1843.
The original tree, which was found growing wild in a piece of mowing
land on the farm of D. Wilbur, Jr., in Somerset, Mass., was said in
1844 to be 66 years old. Shoots slender, light olive-brown. Fruit below
medium, roundish-obovate, dull green, becoming pale yellow, slightly
netted and patched with russet, and thickly sprinkled with russet dots;
stem small, set in a small cavity; calyx open; segments long; basin
small; flesh yellowish, juicy, melting, slightly astringent; good; Sept.
=Wilde Filzbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:1. 1856.
A wild pear reported from Belgium about 1800. Fruit small, roundish,
greenish, becoming yellowish, dotted with gray; stem long; flesh acid,
becoming sweetish; poor; fall and winter. May be used for dwarfing.
=Wilde Herrnbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:188. 1856.
Reported from Germany about 1804. Tree very large. Fruit medium, broad,
bright green becoming yellowish-green, often somewhat blushed on the
sunny side, often flecked and patched with russet; dots light gray;
stem rather long, inserted by a fleshy protuberance; flesh white,
slightly musky, sweet; fair and below; Sept.
=Wilde Holzbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:196. 1856.
Reported as wild and widely disseminated as early as 1641; its
seedlings are said sometimes to be used for stocks. Tree very large and
productive. Fruit small, round, green, dotted with light russet; seeds
numerous, dark brown; flesh very acid; Oct.
=Wilder Sugar. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 135. 1920.
Reported by Orange County Nursery Company, Anaheim, Cal., as "Medium
large, greenish yellow shaded brown, excellent quality. Vigorous and
productive. August."
=Wilding von Einsiedel. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:2. 1856.
=2.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 182, fig. 1913.
This perry pear, which has also been recommended as a street tree,
was reported from Württemberg about 1832. Tree very vigorous,
pyramidal, not leafy, very productive. Fruit bluntly conic pyriform,
small, greenish-yellow, brownish on side next the sun; covered with
characteristic brown to reddish-brown dots, russeted about stem and
calyx; calyx half open; stem short, thick; flesh juicy, firm, acid; Oct.
=Wilding von Gronau. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:96. 1856.
Reported from Hesse, Ger., about 1844. Fruit small, blunt,
broad-conic-pyriform, yellow, blushed on the sunny side, flecked and
dotted with gray, russeted about base and apex; calyx closed; stem
short; flesh sweet-scented, sweet; end of Sept.
=Wilford. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
"A good and fair pear."
=Wilkinson. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 187. 1832. =2.= _Mag. Hort._
=20=:470, fig. 25. 1854.
This pear, one of the oldest American kinds, was introduced by the
exhibition of specimens before the Massachusetts Horticultural Society,
in October, 1829, and given the name "Wilkinson," in compliment to the
owner of the farm on which the tree originated and was then growing,
Mr. Jeremiah Wilkinson, Cumberland, R. I., brother of the noted Jemima
Wilkinson. Tree thrifty, hardy, a regular bearer; shoots long, upright,
stout, olive-yellow, with oblong white specks. Fruit medium, ovoid,
obtuse at both ends, smooth, glossy, yellow dotted with brown points;
stem rather long, rather stout, inserted obliquely in a rather wide and
deep cavity; calyx medium, open, set in a shallow basin; flesh very
white, juicy, melting, sweet, rich, with a slight perfume; good; Oct.
to Dec.
=Wilkinson Winter. 1.= _Ill. Hort Soc. Rpt._ 113. 1876. =2.= _Ibid._
83. 1880.
A variety raised near Peoria, Ill., from seed planted by A.
Wilkinson, and first reported before the Illinois State Horticultural
Society about 1876. Tree said to be hardy, vigorous, productive,
blight-resistant. Fruit said to be large, golden; very good; season
until spring.
=Willermoz. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =20=:86, 461. 1854. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom._ =2=:756, fig. 1869.
Fruited with M. Bivort, Jodoigne, Bel., in 1848. Tree an extremely
good grower, forming a fine pyramidal growth, with young shoots dark,
dull, olive-brown, very productive. Fruit large, obtuse-pyriform,
greenish-yellow, tinged with red, with nettings and some large patches
of russet and with many small russet dots; stem medium, rather stout,
inclined, set in a small cavity; calyx open or partially closed, set
in an abrupt basin; flesh whitish, buttery, juicy, melting, coarse at
core, slightly vinous; good to very good; Nov. to Jan.
=William. 1.= _Cultivator_ 175, fig. 8. 1845. =2.= _Mag. Hort._
=11=:252. 1845.
_William Edwards._ =3.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 420. 1845.
This seedling pear is said to be a "species of Virgoulouse," and was
raised by Governor H. W. Edwards of New Haven, Conn., previous to 1845.
Tree very productive. Fruit medium, obtuse-pyriform, terminating rather
abruptly at the stalk, yellow, becoming profusely dotted with red and
russet points or dots on the sunny side; flesh yellowish-white, sweet,
buttery, not juicy or melting enough for dessert purposes but good for
baking; Sept.
=William Prince. 1.= Mag. Hort. =17=:472. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr. Trees
Am._ 883. 1869.
Other than that this variety was reported from the United States
about 1848, nothing of its origin is known. Tree vigorous, upright,
productive. Fruit medium, roundish-pyriform, greenish-yellow, shaded
with crimson in the sun, covered with many brown dots; stem medium to
below; calyx open, set in a shallow basin; flesh white, juicy, melting,
sweet; good to very good; Sept. and Oct.
=Williams Double Bearing. 1.= Prince _Pom. Man._ =2=:215. 1832.
Raised from a seed of the Saint Germain, in the garden of Mrs.
Williams, Salem, Mass. Tree said to bear two crops, the fruit of the
first of the size herein mentioned and ripening in early October, that
of the second much smaller and ripening from two to four weeks later.
Fruit large, resembles its parent but greater in diameter; flesh of
fine quality, melting, but not highly flavored.
=Williams Early. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =3=:51. 1837. =2.= _Ibid._ =14=:344,
fig. 37. 1848.
Originated with Aaron Davis Williams on his farm in Roxbury, Mass.,
probably about 1830. Tree a moderate grower, young shoots brownish red.
Fruit medium to below, roundish-pyriform, ending obtusely at the stem,
yellow, covered with bright crimson and thickly sprinkled with scarlet
dots on the sunny side; stem rather long, stout, slightly fleshy at
the base, inserted without any cavity; calyx open, slightly sunken in
a furrowed basin; flesh yellowish-white, a little coarse-grained at
first, becoming juicy, half buttery, with a slight musky flavor; good;
middle of Sept.
=Williams d'Hiver. 1.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:760, figs. 1869. =2.=
_Am. Jour. Hort._ =9=:219, fig. 1871.
_Williams Winter_. =3.= _Can. Exp. Farms Rpt._ 380. 1902.
Raised by M. Leroy, Angers, Fr., and first fruited in 1862. Tree
vigorous, productive. Fruit blunt-pyriform, variable in shape, somewhat
bossed, yellow, finely dotted and veined with yellow in basin, with
lightish gray about stalk and on face next the sun; stem short, strong,
thick, set rather obliquely and often to one side of the axis; calyx
medium, half-closed, slightly sunken; flesh white, very fine, very
melting, very juicy, sugary, acidulated, with a fine, fresh perfume,
Dec. to Feb.
=Williams panachée. 1.= _Guide Prat._ 80, 312. 1876.
From the name, it is to be supposed that this is merely a striped-leaf
variety of Bartlett.
=Williamson. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =6=:494. 1851. =2.= Downing _Fr.
Trees Am._ 883. 1869.
This seedling sprang up in a piece of woodland belonging to Nicholas
Williamson on the south side of Long Island. Tree hardy, vigorous, a
good bearer. Fruit medium, roundish-obovate to roundish-oblate, obtuse
at stem, greenish-yellow, sprinkled with russet dots and considerably
russeted at both ends; stem short, stout, set in a medium sized cavity;
calyx open, often wanting, set in a deep, rather narrow basin; flesh
yellowish-white, rather coarse, half-melting, juicy, sugary, vinous;
good to slightly above; Oct.
=Wilmington. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 90. 1856. =2.= _Horticulturist_
=12=:111, fig. 1857.
This is a seedling of Passe Colmar, raised in 1847 by Dr. Brincklé of
Philadelphia, and first fruited in 1855. Tree a moderate grower, late
bearer; young wood dull yellowish-brown. Fruit medium, obtuse-pyriform
to roundish-ovate, greenish-yellow, netted and patched with russet,
thickly sprinkled with russet dots; stem long, curved, inserted
obliquely in a small cavity, often by a lip; calyx medium, open, set
in a wide, moderately deep basin; flesh whitish green, juicy, buttery,
melting, sweet, pleasant, slightly aromatic; good to very good; Sept.
=Windsor. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592, fig. 10. 1629. =2.= Bunyard
_Handb. Hardy Fr._ 204. 1920.
_Madame._ =3.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ 2:369, fig. 1869.
_Summer Bell._ =4.= Thomas _Am. Fruit Cult._ 571. 1885.
According to Leroy this variety originated in Holland, and was
published in 1771 under the name _Hallemine Bonne_ by Knoop. In French
gardens it received the name _Madame_. In England, Windsor is often
called _Cuisse Madame_. A "Windsor," which appears to be identical with
the Windsor of Knoop, is described by English writers as early as 1629.
Hogg quotes an English writer as saying, "It was raised from seed of
the _Cuisse Madame_, by a person of the name of Williamson ..." before
1750. Moreover, it is mentioned in 1592 as being cultivated about
Naples, and 1563 in England. What the origin is appears undeterminable.
Tree one of the strongest growers, upright, tall, a regular and
abundant bearer; shoots remarkably stout, perfectly upright, dark
brown. Fruit large, pyriform or bell-shaped, very smooth, greenish
becoming pale yellow; stem long, fairly stout, inserted without
depression; calyx open, set on level with prominent ribs around; flesh
white, tender, buttery, rather coarse-grained, slightly acid, somewhat
astringent; rots at the core; Aug.
=Winship. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =10=:212. 1844. =2.= _Ibid._ =13=:485, fig.
41. 1847.
Originated in the nurseries of the Messrs. Winship, Brighton, Mass.,
about 1832. Tree vigorous, an early and productive bearer; young
wood yellowish-reddish-brown. Fruit medium, oblong-acute-pyriform,
greenish-yellow with traces and patches of russet; stem long, rather
slender, inserted with no cavity; calyx large, closed, set in a small,
corrugated basin; flesh white, rather coarse, not juicy, not melting;
poor to fair; Aug.
=Winslow. 1.= _Mass. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 45. 1866.
A seedling pear fruited by S. A. Shurtleff, Brookline, Mass., in 1865,
and described by him as, "Diam. 2-1/2 inches; color, brown russet;
flesh, sweet, juicy, buttery and high flavored; ripens well. Oct. 21.
Roundish."
=Winter. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 60. 1887. =2.= _Ia. Sta. Bul._
=3=:74. 1888.
_Osimaya_. =3.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 60. 1887.
Received by the Iowa Agricultural College in 1879 from R. Shroeder,
Moscow, Russia. The tree is said to be hardy and free from blight and
the fruit to be large than Bessemianka, quite as good in quality, and
in season in central Russia the last days of September.
=Winter Jonah. 1.= _N. J. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 214. 1889. =2.= _Can. Exp.
Farms Rpt._ 422. 1903.
Tree a medium grower. Fruit medium, roundish, pale yellow with a faint
blush on the sunny side, a few small, dark greenish-yellow spots,
and many small, gray dots; stem medium, short, set in a very slight
depression; calyx large, open, set in a narrow and shallow basin;
winter.
=Winter Pear. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =20=:75. 1854.
Sent to the Fruit Committee of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society
in 1854 by Charles Kessler, Reading, Pa. Fruit medium, roundish,
yellow, scarcely "good" in quality.
=Winter Popperin. 1.= Parkinson _Par. Ter._ 592. 1629.
One of two "very good dry firme peares, somewhat spotted, and brownish
on the outside."
=Winter Rousselet. 1.= Mawe-Abercrombie _Univ. Gard. Bot._ 1778.
_Rousselet d'Hiver_. =3.= Leroy _Dict. Pom._ =2=:593, fig. 1869.
An ancient French pear of unknown origin, though it was described
by Claude Saint-Étienne in 1670 and by Duhamel in the eighteenth
century. Fruit small, turbinate, more or less obtuse, usually somewhat
contracted toward the top, and often depressed on one side and
mammillate on the other, yellow-green dotted with gray russet and
blushed with reddish-brown on the face exposed to the sun; flesh white,
semi-breaking, watery, rather granular, juice abundant, saccharine,
rarely having much aroma and sometimes acid; second; Feb. and Mar.
=Winter Seckel. 1.= Downing _Fr. Trees Am._ 562. 1857.
Said to have originated near Fredericksburg, Va., and to have been
introduced by H. R. Roby. Fruit small, obovate, yellow, with a brownish
cheek in sun, patched and netted with russet, and covered with many
large and brown dots; stem slender; calyx large, open; flesh white, a
little coarse at core, juicy, half-melting.
=Winter Sweet Sugar. 1.= Brookshaw _Hort. Reposit._ =2=:151, Pl. 81.
1823.
Tree productive. Fruit turbinate, greenish, juicy, sweet, not very
richly flavored; will keep till March.
=Winter Williams. 1.= _Garden_ =67=:18. 1905.
A cross between Bartlett and Glou Morceau shown before the Royal
Horticultural Society in 1905 by Messrs. James Veitch & Sons, England.
Fruit said to resemble Glou Morceau in shape; skin yellow; flavor like
Bartlett; later than Bartlett.
=Winterbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:70. 1856.
Reported from northern Germany about 1773. Fruit medium, turbinate,
smooth, bright green, dotted with gray; stem long; flesh yellowish,
half breaking, sweetish; Dec. to Apr.
=Winterliebesbirne. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 301. 1889.
_Poire d'Amour d'Hiver._ =2.= Mas _Pom. Gen._ =6=:15, fig. 392. 1880.
This pear is of German origin and bears also the name of _Kirschbirnen_
or _Church Pear_. Fruit small or nearly medium, conic or
globular-conic, sometimes short and sometimes long; skin thick, firm,
rough, water-green with numerous and conspicuous brown dots; changing
to pale yellow covered over a large area of the side next the sun with
a vivid currant red on the central part and more brown on the borders;
flesh white, coarse, breaking, a little gritty around the core, juice
sufficient in quantity and sweet, vinous and musky; good for kitchen
purposes and keeps a long time; Oct. and Nov.
=Winterrobine. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 500. 1817. =2.= Dochnahl Führ_.
Obstkunde_ =2=:111. 1856.
Thuringia, Ger., 1799. Fruit fairly large, ventriculous-conic, obtuse;
apex inclined, sides unequal, green turning yellow-green, often
somewhat blushed, dotted with dark green, speckled with russet; flesh
gritty near the center, whitish-yellow, sweet, musky, buttery, melting,
aromatic; first for all purposes; Jan. to Mar.
=Witte Princesse. 1.= Knoop _Pomologie_ 96, 139, fig. 1771.
An old pear, probably of French origin. Tree vigorous, productive.
Fruit medium to above, oblong-pyriform, drawn to a point at the stem;
whitish-yellow or whitish-green, dotted with pale brown dots and
occasionally patched here and there with brown; stem medium to above in
length; flesh mellow, gritty, agreeably but not highly flavored; Aug.
and Sept.
=Wolfsbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:2. 1856. =2.= Löschnig
_Mostbirnen_ 104, fig. 1913.
A perry pear common to Württemberg from an early date. Tree medium
vigorous, large, roundish, a late but good bearer. Fruit medium,
roundish, yellow, covered with russet dots, devoid of red; calyx
large, open; stem very long, set obliquely without depression; flesh
yellowish-white, firm, acid; Oct.
=Woodbridge Seckel. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 121. 1860. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 885. 1869.
In 1860 a Mr. Woodbridge, Detroit, Mich., exhibited a seedling known as
No. 2 before the Fruit Committee of the American Pomological Society.
This seedling was subsequently named Woodbridge Seckel. Tree moderately
vigorous. Fruit small, pyriform, pale yellow, shaded and marbled with
crimson in the sun, thickly sprinkled with brown and crimson dots; stem
long, slender; calyx open; flesh yellowish, juicy, melting, sweet,
vinous; very good, but rapidly decays at the core; Sept.
=Woodstock. 1.= _Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt._ 201. 1856. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_
416. 1859.
Said to have originated at Woodstock, Vt., and first reported about
1856. Tree a moderate grower, very productive; young wood olive-brown.
Fruit medium to below, roundish-obtuse to obovate-pyriform, pale
yellow, netted and patched, and thickly sprinkled with russet dots;
stem long, rather slender, inserted in a small cavity, often by a lip;
calyx large, open, placed in a rather deep, abrupt basin; lobes long,
slender, persistent; flesh white, juicy, melting, sweet, pleasant,
slightly musky; good to very good; Sept.
=Worden Meadow. 1.= _Cultivator_ N. S. =2=:340. 1845.
Schuyler Worden, who originated the Worden grape, stated in 1845 that
he had raised this pear in Oswego, N. Y., from grafts given him by
an old countryman. Tree vigorous, productive. Fruit medium to large,
shape variable and surface uneven; skin yellow at maturity; flesh
fine-grained, melting, juicy, sweet, with a musky flavor; ripens about
the middle of Sept.
=Wörlesbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:194. 1856.
A perry pear reported from Württemberg about 1830. Tree not vigorous,
large, long-lived, very productive. Fruit small, oval or pyriform,
solid bright green, turning lemon-yellow, numerously dotted with gray,
somewhat flecked with russet; calyx in a slight depression; flesh
juicy, acid, bitter.
=Wormsley Grange. 1.= Kenrick _Am. Orch._ 187. 1832.
This is a variety which is said to have been sent to the Hon. John
Lowell by Mr. Knight with the remarks that it requires to be gathered
before it is quite ripe and that it is a variety of first-rate
excellence in Herefordshire, Eng. In 1842 it was listed as having been
removed from the gardens of the London Horticultural Society because of
inferior merit.
=Wurzer. 1.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit_. 114. 1825.
_Wurzer d'Automne._ =2.= _Mag. Hort_. =16=:296. 1850. =2.= _Am. Pom.
Soc. Rpt._ 240. 1854.
Reported from Belgium about 1821. Tree vigorous, leafy, thorny. Fruit
rather large, pyriform, solid green, becoming covered with russet,
heavily dotted with reddish-brown; calyx small, set in a shallow basin;
stem medium long, fleshy, set in a rather deep cavity; flesh pithy,
sweet, vinous; Nov.
=Yat. 1.= Lindley _Guide Orch. Gard_. 351. 1831. =2.= Leroy _Dict.
Pom_. =2=:762, fig. 1869.
_Gute Graue._ =3.= Liegel _Syst. Anleit._ 124. 1825.
_Beurré Gris d'Été de Hollande._ =4.= Mas _Le Verger_ =2=:85, fig. 41.
1866-73.
_Beurré Gris d'Été._ =5.= _Guide Prat._ 70, 245. 1876.
This pear is said to have been brought to England from Holland about
1770 by Thomas Harvey. It is not to be confused with the Grise-Bonne.
Tree large, vigorous, hardy, very productive. Fruit variable, small
to above medium, obovate-pyriform to oblong-turbinate, green, thickly
covered with russet, sprinkled with numerous gray specks, sometimes
colored brownish-red when exposed to the sun; calyx small, open, set in
a shallow basin; stem rather long, slender, obliquely inserted without
depression and often by a fleshy protuberance; flesh white, tender,
melting, juicy with a rich, sugary and highly perfumed flavor; rated
as of little value by Downing, of first quality by Mas, as highly
estimable by the Germans, and as an excellent early pear by Hogg; Aug.
and Sept.
=Yellow Huff-cap. 1.= Hogg _Fruit Man._ 669. 1884.
A Herefordshire perry pear. Fruit quite small, obovate or turbinate,
entirely covered with rough brown russet, and with only portions of the
ground color showing through in specks; calyx small, open, with short
horny segments, set even with the surface; stem rather long, inserted
without depression; flesh yellowish, with a greenish tinge.
=Youngken Winter Seckel.=
According to correspondence this pear was raised from seed of Seckel by
David Youngken, Richlandtown, Pa., about 1868. The tree is reported as
being upright and prolific, and the fruit as keeping through the winter.
=Zache. 1.= _Mich. Sta. Bul._ =177=:39. 1899. =2.= _Ibid._ =187=:75.
1901.
A Chinese sand pear, of value only as a novelty, grown at the South
Haven Substation of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station in
1894. Tree a fine, strong grower with large, thick, glossy leaves.
Fruit roundish oblate, resembling an apple in appearance, orange with
many light yellowish dots and specks; flesh coarse, crisp; poor; winter.
=Zapfenbirn. 1.= Christ _Handb._ 559. 1817.
Tree large, very productive. Fruit long-acute-pyriform, yellow, finely
dotted; flesh breaking, not juicy, musky; used for drying and for
cooking; early winter.
=Zarskaja. 1.= _Ia. Hort. Soc. Rpt._ 61. 1880.
Reported by J. L. Budd to be a Russian variety which has gritty
thorn-like wood and which therefore does not unite well when grafted
upon apple stock.
=Zénon. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 302. 1884. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 62. 1895.
Of European origin, first reported in 1884. Tree moderately vigorous,
producing excellent fruit upon quince stock. Fruit medium, of the form
of White Doyenné; flesh very fine, juicy, sweet, agreeable, slightly
aromatic, granular near the core; first; end of autumn.
=Zéphirin Grégoire. 1.= _Horticulturist_ =9=:78, fig. 1854. =2.= _Ann.
Pom. Belge_ =3=:79, fig. 1855. =3.= Bunyard _Handb. Hardy Fr._ 205.
1920.
M. Grégoire, pomologist, Jodoigne, Bel., raised this variety supposedly
from seeds of Passe Colmar about 1831. Tree pyramidal, vigorous,
very productive, succeeds best upon pear stock; young wood smooth,
light olive-yellow-brown. Fruit medium to above, roundish-obovate,
pale greenish-yellow, becoming uniform pale waxen-yellow, covered
with patches of russet and many green and gray dots, often reddish
in the sun; stem medium in length, fleshy, very fleshy at insertion,
set obliquely without depression; calyx small, open, set in a slight
depression; lobes long; flesh yellowish-white, buttery, melting, juicy,
rich, sugary, vinous, highly aromatic; good to very good; Nov. to Feb.
=Zéphirin Louis. 1.= _Ann. Pom. Belge_ =4=:95, fig. 1856. =2.= Downing
_Fr. Trees Am._ 886. 1869.
This pear was raised by M. Xavier Grégoire, Jodoigne, Bel. It was first
reported in 1849. Tree a moderately healthy grower, rather scraggly,
moderately productive. Fruit medium or below, roundish, slightly
obovate, greenish-yellow, rusty-red becoming bright vermilion in
the sun, thickly sprinkled with large dark brown-russet patches and
dots; stem very short, inserted in a small round cavity; calyx small,
open, set in a deep basin; flesh yellowish-white, tinged with green,
coarse-grained, crisp, rather half melting, juicy, sweet, slightly
aromatic; good; Dec. and Jan.
=Zieregger Mostbirne. 1.= Löschnig _Mostbirnen_ 146, fig. 1913.
A perry pear which is said to have sprung from seed in Styria. Tree
medium, roundish, a rather late and rather light bearer. Fruit
roundish-oblate, medium in size, similar to Rummelter Birne but
smaller, greenish-yellow, finely dotted, russeted; stem short, thick,
brown; calyx half open to open, with erect lobes; flesh granular,
whitish-green, not especially juicy, rich in sugar; Oct.
=Zimmtfarbige Schmalzbirne. 1.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:58. 1856.
Middle Germany; first published in 1826. Fruit rather large, pyramidal,
often obtuse, slightly ribbed; skin rough, entirely covered with light
cinnamon russet, without dots; flesh granular and pulpy, sweet; third
for dessert, very good for household use; Oct.
=Zink Pfalzgrafenbirne. 1.= Mathieu _Nom. Pom._ 302. 1889.
_Weisse Pfalzgrafenbirne._ =2.= Dochnahl _Führ. Obstkunde_ =2=:49. 1856.
Reported from Germany about 1766. Tree a late but productive bearer.
Fruit medium, bulging pyriform, irregular, greenish-yellow, becoming
lemon yellow, often blushed, dotted with yellow, later dotted with
brown and green; stem thick, fleshy, rather long; calyx open; lobes
long; flesh sweet, perfumed; fair; early Sept.
=Zoar Beauty. 1.= _Mag. Hort._ =13=:110. 1847. =2.= Elliott _Fr. Book_
347, fig. 1854.
_Belle de Zoar._ 3. _Guide Prat._ 112, 234. 1876.
Originated at Zoar, Ohio. Tree vigorous, an early and abundant bearer;
shoots dark brown. Fruit medium or below, acute-pyriform, light yellow,
thickly dotted with minute green dots, beautiful crimson or carmine
in the sun with deep red dots; stem long, curved, slender, fleshy at
insertion, often by a ring or lip, in a small cavity; calyx large for
size of fruit, open; lobes erect or recurved; flesh white, granular,
half breaking, moderately juicy, sweet, aromatic; good; early Aug.
=Zoé. 1.= _Ont. Fr. Gr. Assoc. Rpt._ 72. 1883. =2.= _Guide Prat._ 101.
1895.
A foreign sort, probably French. Tree very vigorous, thrifty. Fruit
very large, oblong, deep green; flesh tender, melting, sweet; Dec. and
Jan.
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES, WITH ABBREVIATIONS USED
The list of books which follows contains all American pomological works
in which the pear is discussed at any length. Only such European books
are listed, however, as were found useful in writing _The Pears of New
York_. Only periodicals are listed to which references are made in the
text of the book. The reports and bulletins of experiment stations and
horticultural societies are not included since the abbreviations used
for such publications will be recognized by all. The date of copyright
has been preferred to that of publication, though sometimes it has been
necessary to use the latter, as when there were several editions from
the same copyright.
Aepfel u. Birnen
Aepfel und Birnen. Die wichtigsten deutschen Kernobstsorten.
Herausgegeben im engen Anschlusse an die "Statistik der deutschen
Kernobstsorten" von R. Goethe, H. Degenkolb und R. Mertens und
unter der Leitung der Obstund Weinbau-Abteilung der Deutschen
Landwirtschafts-Gesellschaft. (_Illustrirt._) Berlin: 1894.
Am. Gard
American Gardening. An Illustrated Journal of Horticulture and
Gardener's Chronicle. New York: 1892-1904. Copyright, 1903. (Before
its union with Popular Gardening in 1892, the publication was known as
The American Garden. Both Popular Gardening and The American Garden
resulted from the union or absorption of several other horticultural
periodicals.)
Am. Gard. Mag.
The American Gardener's Magazine, and Register of Useful Discoveries
and Improvements in Horticulture and Rural Affairs. See Mag. Hort.
Am. Hort. An.
American Horticultural Annual. A Year-book of Horticultural Progress
for the Professional and Amateur Gardener, Fruit-grower, and Florist.
(_Illustrated._) New York: 1867. Copyright, 1867. New edition. New
York: 1870. Copyright, 1869.
Am. Jour. Hort.
The American Journal of Horticulture and Florist's Companion.
(_Illustrated._) Volumes 1-5. Boston: 1867-1869. Copyrights,
1867-1869. Continued as Tilton's Journal of Horticulture and Floral
Magazine. (_Illustrated._) Volumes 6-9. Boston: 1869-71. Copyrights,
1869-1871.
Am. Pom. Soc. Rpt.
Proceedings of the American Pomological Society. Issued usually
biennially from 1850 to date. First published as the Proceedings of
the National Convention of Fruit Growers in 1848.
Ann. Hort.
Annal of Horticulture and yearbook of information on practical
gardening. 5 Volumes. London: 1846-1850.
Ann. Pom. Belge
Annales de Pomologie Belge et Étrangère; publiées par la Commission
royale de Pomologie Instituée par S. M. le Roi des Belges.
(_Illustré._) Huit Tomes. Bruxelles: 1853-1860.
Bailey, Ann. Hort.
Annals of Horticulture in North America for the Years 1889-1893. A
Witness of Passing Events and a Record of Progress. By L. H. Bailey.
New York: 1890-1894. Copyrights, 1889, 1891-1894.
Baltet, Cult. Fr.
Traité de la Culture Fruitière Commerciale et Bourgeoise. Par Charles
Baltet. (_Illustré._) Quatrième Édition. Paris: 1908.
Barry, Fr. Garden
The Fruit Garden. By P. Barry. (_Illustrated._) New York: 1852.
Copyright, 1851. Revised Edition, 1896. Copyright, 1883.
Black, Cult. Peach & Pear
The Cultivation of the Peach and the Pear, on the Delaware And
Chesapeake Peninsula; with a Chapter on Quince Culture and the
Culture of Some of the Nut-Bearing Trees. By John S. Black, M. D.
(_Illustrated._) Wilmington: 1886. Copyright, 1886.
Bradley, Gard.
New Improvements of Planting and Gardening, both Philosophical and
Practical. In three parts. By Richard Bradley. (_Illustrated._)
Seventh Edition with Appendix. London: 1739.
Bridgeman, Gard. Ass't.
The Young Gardener's Assistant, in three parts. By Thomas Bridgeman.
New Edition, with an Appendix. New York: 1857. Copyright, 1847.
Brookshaw, Hort. Reposit.
The Horticultural Repository, containing Delineations of the best
Varieties of the Different Species of English Fruits. By George
Brookshaw. (_Illustrated._) In Two Volumes. London: 1823.
Brookshaw, Pom. Brit.
Pomona Britannica, or A Collection of the Most Esteemed Fruits at
present Cultivated In Great Britain; selected principally from the
Royal Gardens At Hampton Court, and the remainder from The Most
Celebrated Gardens Round London; Accurately Drawn and Colored from
Nature, with Full Descriptions of their Various Qualities, Seasons,
&c. By George Brookshaw. Volumes I and II. London: 1817. Vol. II. The
Pear.
Budd-Hansen, Am. Hort. Man.
American Horticultural Manual. By J. L. Budd, assisted by N. E.
Hansen. (_Illustrated._) In Two Volumes. Volume 2, New York and
London: 1903. Copyright, 1903.
Bunyard, Handb. Hardy Fr.
A Handbook of Hardy Fruits more commonly grown in Great Britain.
Apples and Pears. By Edward A. Bunyard. London: 1920.
Bunyard-Thomas, Fr. Gard.
The Fruit Garden. By George Bunyard and Owen Thomas. (_Illustrated._)
London and New York: 1904.
Can. Hort.
The Canadian Horticulturist. (_Illustrated._) Toronto and Peterboro:
1878 to date.
Cat. Cong. Pom. France
Société Pomologique de France Catalogue Descriptif des Fruits Adoptés
par le Congrès Pomologique. Lyon: 1887. Ibid.: 1906.
Cecil, Hist. Gard. Eng.
A History Of Gardening In England. By the Hon. Mrs. Evelyn Cecil.
Third and enlarged edition. (_Illustrated._) New York: 1910.
Christ, Handb.
Handbuch über die Obstbaumzucht und Obstlehre. Von J. L. Christ.
Vierte, sehr verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage. Frankfurt: 1817.
Cole, Am. Fr. Book
The American Fruit Book; containing directions for Raising,
Propagating, and Managing Fruit Trees, Shrubs and Plants; with a
description of the Best Varieties of Fruit, including New and Valuable
Kinds. By S. W. Cole. (_Illustrated._) Boston: 1849. Copyright, 1849.
Country Gent.
The Country Gentleman. Albany: 1853-1865. The Cultivator & Country
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Coxe, Cult. Fr. Trees
A View of the Cultivation of Fruit Trees, and the Management of
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Cultivator
The Cultivator. Albany: 1834-1865. In 1866 united with The Country
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Cult. & Count. Gent.
The Cultivator & Country Gentleman. See Country Gent.
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Origin of Cultivated Plants. By Alphonse de Candolle. Geneva
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Deutschland's Obstsorten bearbeitet von Müller-Diemitz,
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Der sichere Führer in der Obstkunde auf botanisch-pomologischen Wege
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Downing, Fr. Trees Am.
The Fruits and Fruit Trees of America: or the culture, propagation,
and management, in the garden and orchard, of fruit trees
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(_Illustrated._) New York & London: 1845. Copyright, 1845. Second
edition, same text, with colored plates, 1847. First revision, by
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Downing, Selected Fr.
Selected Fruits: from Downing's Fruits And Fruit-Trees of America.
With Some New Varieties: including Their Culture, Propagation,
and Management in the Garden and Orchard. By Charles Downing.
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Duhamel, Trait. Arb. Fr.
Traité Des Arbes Fruitiers; Contenant Leur Figure, Leur Description,
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Elliott, Fr. Book
Elliott's Fruit Book; or, the American Fruit-Grower's Guide in Orchard
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Field, Pear Cult.
Pear Culture. A Manual for the Propagation, Planting, Cultivation, and
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Flor. & Pom.
The Florist And Pomologist: A Pictorial Monthly Magazine of Flowers,
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A Treatise on the Culture and Management of Fruit Trees. By William
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The Gardener's Chronicle. (_Illustrated._) London: 1841 to date.
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Garden And Forest. A Journal of Horticulture, Landscape Art and
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The Gardener's Monthly and Horticultural Advertiser. Edited by Thomas
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The Garden. (_Illustrated._) London: 1872 to date.
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Pomologie des Praktischen Obstbaumzüchters. Von N. Gaucher.
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Gen. Farmer
The Genesee Farmer. Edited by Luther Tucker, Rochester: 1831-1839.
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The Herball or Generall Historie of Plantes. By John Gerarde. Enlarged
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Guide Pratique de L'Amateur De Fruits. Description Et Culture Des
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Hoffy, N. Am. Pom.
Hoffy's North American Pomologist, containing numerous Finely Colored
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Hoffy, Orch. Com.
The Orchardist's Companion. Alfred Hoffy, Editor and Publisher. A
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The Fruit Manual: A Guide to the Fruits and Fruit Trees of Great
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Hort. Reg. (Am.)
Horticultural Register and Gardener's Magazine. Edited by T. G.
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Hort. Reg. (Eng.)
The Horticultural Register and General Magazine. By Joseph Paxton and
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Horticulturist
The Horticulturist and Journal of Rural Art and Rural Taste. Founded
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Hovey, Fr. Am.
The Fruits of America, containing Richly Colored Figures, and full
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Jour. Hort.
The Journal of Horticulture: Began as The Cottage Gardener; or
Amateur's and Cottager's Guide to out-door gardening and spade
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Horticulture, Rural and Domestic Economy, Botany and Natural History.
New Series. 38 Volumes. London: 1861-1880. Continued as The Journal
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The Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. London: 1846 to date.
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Kenrick, Am. Orch.
The New American Orchardist. By William Kenrick. Boston: 1833.
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Knoop, Fructologie
Part I. Pomologie, ou Description des meilleures sortes de Pommes et
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Die Deutschen Obstgehölze. Vorlesungen gehalten zu Berlin im
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Kraft, Pom. Aust.
Pomona austriaca, Abhandlung von den obstbäumen worinn ihre gestalt,
erziehung und pflege angezeigt und beschrieben wird. Von Johann Kraft.
Zwei Theile. Vienna: 1792.
Langley, Pomona
Pomona, or the Fruit Garden Illustrated. By Batty Langley. London:
1729.
Lauche, Deut. Pom.
Deutsche Pomologie. Chromolithographische Abbildung, Beschreibung
und Kulturanweisung der empfehlenswerthesten Sorten Aepfel, Birnen,
Kirschen, Pflaumen, Aprikosen, Pfirsche und Weintrauben. Nach den
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Le Bon Jard.
Le Bon Jardinier. 126^e Édition Almanach Horticole, 1882 et 129^e
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Leroy, Dict. Pom.
Dictionnaire de Pomologie. Par André Leroy. (_Illustré._) Six Tomes.
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Liegel, Syst. Anleit.
Systematische Anleitung zur Kenntniss der vorzüglichsten Sorten des
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Lindley, Guide Orch. Gard.
A Guide to the Orchard And Kitchen Garden; or, an account of the
most valuable fruit and vegetables cultivated In Great Britain: with
Kalendars of the Work Required in the Orchard and Kitchen Garden
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Lindley, Pom. Brit.
Pomologia Britannica; or, Figures and Descriptions of the most
important Varieties of Fruit cultivated in Great Britain. By John
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Lond. Hort. Soc. Cat.
A Catalogue of the Fruits Cultivated in the Garden of the
Horticultural Society of London. London: 1826. Second edition, 1831.
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Loudon, Enc. Gard.
An Encyclopedia Of Gardening. By J. C. Loudon. (_Illustrated._) New
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Lucas, Handb. Obst.
Vollständiges Handbuch der Obstkultur. Von Ed. Lucas. (_Illustrirt._)
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McIntosh, Bk. Gard.
The Book of the Garden. By Charles McIntosh. (_Illustrated._) Two
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McMahon, Am. Gard. Cal.
The American Gardener's Calendar. By Bernard McMahon. Philadelphia:
1806.
Mag. Hort.
The Magazine of Horticulture. Boston: 1837-1868. First published as
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Manning, Book of Fruits
Book of Fruits. By Robert Manning. (_Illustrated._) Salem: 1838.
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Mas, Le Verger
Le Verger ou Histoire, Culture Et Description avec planches coloriées
Des Variétés De Fruits Les Plus Généralement Connues. Par M. Mas. Huit
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Mas, Pom. Gen.
Pomologie Générale. Par M. Mas. (_Illustré._) Douze Tomes. Paris:
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