from the _Gazette de France_ an account of a reform in the procedure
of the Roman Inquisition in 1816, assimilating it to that of the
secular courts, a reform which was to be extended to the Inquisition
everywhere. There is no trace of such action in the Bullarium of Pius
VII or in the Collectio Lacensis. If it was enforced in Italy, the
Spanish Holy Office paid no attention to it.
[245] In the Appendix will be found some fragmentary statistics
illustrating the comparative frequency of the various punishments
inflicted by the Inquisition.
[246] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds espagnol, 354, fol. 248-69.
[247] MSS. of Bibl. nacional de Lima.
[248] See Appendix for a specimen of the conclusion of a sentence.
[249] Medina, Historia de la Inquisicion de Lima, II, 108, 109
[250] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 979, fol. 40.
[251] Ibidem, Legajo 552, fol. 33.--Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap.
<small>IX, Art. <small>XV.
[252] Instrucciones de 1561, § 51 (Arguello, fol. 54).
[253] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 112; Lib. 979,
fol. 31, 38.
[254] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 187.
[255] Melgares Marin, Procedimientos de la Inquisicion, II, 153.
[256] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 428.
For a brief account of Lucrecia de Leon see the author's "Chapters
from the Religious History of Spain," p. 359.
[257] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 40
[258] Instrucciones de 1498, § 6 (Arguello, fol. 12-13).
[259] Llorente, Añales, II, 31.
[260] Elucidationes S^{ti} Officii, § 27 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda,
Leg 544^{2}, Lib. 4).
[261] Proceso contra Isabel de Montoya, fol. 318-26, 342-5, 348 (MS.
_penes me_).
[262] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[263] Biographie universelle, s. v. _Barre_.--L'Oiseleur, Les Crimes
et les Peines, p. 232 (Paris, 1863).
[264] Elucidationes S^{ti} Officii, § 41 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda,
Leg. 544^{2}, Lib. 4).
[265] Ibidem, § 32
[266] MS. Memoria de diversos Autos (Appendix to Vol. 1).
[267] D. Manuel Serrano y Sans (Revista de Archivos, April, 1902, p.
254).
[268] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 61, 63.
[269] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. <small>XVI, n. 24-5.
[270] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 377.
[271] MSS of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. III, IX.
[272] Alberghini, Manualis Qualificator. Cap. xxxiij.
[273] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 33.
[274] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[275] Ibidem, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, fol. 79.
[276] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[277] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 787
[278] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 22.
[279] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
Carena (Tract. de Off. S. Inquisit. P. <small>II. Tit. xvii,
n. 9) mentions a case in which the tribunal of Murcia condemned to the
galleys a priest who celebrated mass while under suspension by the
Holy See.
[280] See the Author's Inquisition of the Middle Ages, I, 453; III,
513.
[281] Collect. Decretor. S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, p. 353.--Ristretto
cerca li delitti più frequenti nel S. Officio, p. 162 (MSS. _penes
me_).
[282] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 132, n. 39;
Leg. 183, n. 779.
[283] Carbonell de Gestis Hæreticor. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 144, 145, 147, 149).
[284] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 262.
[285] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol 41.--Cap. 10, Tit. iii in
Septimo Lib. v. Notwithstanding Pablo García's formula, the sentence
of acquittal of Jan of Antwerp, tried at Toledo for Lutheranism in
1561, asserts itself to be _diffinitiva_.--Archivo hist. nacional,
Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 110, n. 31, fol. 30.
[286] Pablo García, _loc. cit._--Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion,
Lib. 979, fol. 20.
[287] Páramo, p. 269.
[288] Palma, Añales de la Inquisicion de Lima, pp. 19, 38, 140
(Madrid, 1898).
[289] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 39, Leg. 4, fol. 71.
[290] Instrucciones de 1498, § 4 (Arguello, fol. 12)
[291] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 299, fol.
80.
[292] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 339.
[293] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[294] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 877, fol. 228.
[295] Ibidem, Lib. 890, fol. 12.
[296] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 10,
fol. 79; Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[297] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 3, 26.
[298] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 111, n. 46,
fol. 30-4.
[299] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 31
[300] Ibidem, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 262.
[301] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[302] Archivo hist. nacional. Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1
[303] Ibidem, Leg. 498, fol. 259.
[304] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 890.
[305] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 100.
[306] It is still employed in ecclesiastical cases as a mode of
proof. In November, 1904, a dispensation to dissolve a marriage
was granted on proof of its non-consummation, by the oath of the
parties, supported "dal testimonio di settima mano."--Il Consulente
Ecclesiastico, Gennaio, 1905, p. 8.
[307] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds espagnol 80, fol. 346-52.
Two cases in Barcelona, in 1488, with somewhat different details, will
be found in Carbonell _de Gestis Hæreticor_. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de
Aragon, XXVIII, 26-7, 123-35).
[308] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 164, n.
531.--Carbonell, _op. cit._, p. 154.
[309] Instrucciones de 1500, § 8 (Vol. I, Appendix, p.
580).--Arguello, fol. 14.
[310] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 102.
[311] Archives de l'État, Bruxelles, Registre sur le faict des
hérésies, etc., fol. 652-6 (kindly communicated by Professor Paul
Fredericq).
[312] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 68, 87.
[313] Simancæ de Cath. Institt. Tit. LVI, n. 15.
[314] Ibidem, n. 12, 31.
[315] Instrucciones de 1561, § 47 (Arguello, fol. 33).
[316] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 69-72.
[317] Modo de Proceder, fol 62 (Bibl. nacional, MSS., D,
122).--Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 4).
[318] Decret. Sac. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, p. 43 (Bibl. del R. Archivio
di Stato in Roma, Fondo camerale, Congr. del S. Officio, Vol. 3)
[319] Carenæ Tract. de Off. S. Inquisit. p. 388 (Ed. Lugduni, 1669).
[320] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.--"Y no
resultando culpa fuele reprehendido y advertido para adelante."
[321] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 299,
fol. 80.--MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, _loc. cit._--Archivo de
Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 3, 6, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 22, 28,
29
[322] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Toledo, Yc, 20, T. I.
[323] Repreension de un Inquisidor á un Reo (MSS. of Bodleian Library,
Arch. S, 130).
[324] Eymerici Director. P. <small>II, Q. lv, n. 16.--Pegnæ
Comment. 80 _in loc_.
[325] Alberghini, Manualis Qualificator. Cap. <small>XV, n.
1-3.
[326] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 4).
[327] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[328] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 38-9.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 498.--Archivo de Simancas,
Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 118.
[329] Bibl. nacional, MSS., Pp, 28, Q. 4; Ibidem Kk, 53.--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[330] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, Cap. ii, § 9.
[331] Instrucciones de 1561, § 46 (Arguello, fol. 33).
[332] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[333] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[334] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 41.
[335] Ibidem, fol. 42.
[336] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1183, fol. 6.
[337] Llorente, Hist. crít., Cap. XLIII, Art. iv, n. 1.
[338] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[339] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.--Ibidem,
Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 10, fol. 1, 7, 41, 42.
[340] Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 38 (MSS. of Am. Philos. Society).
[341] Constt. <small>V, <small>VIII, § 3, Cod. I,
<small>V.--Siete Partidas, P. <small>VII, Tit. xxxvi,
ley 5.
[342] Alexand. PP. IV, Bull _Ad extirpanda_, § 21.--Huillard
Bréholles, Hist. Diplom. Frid. II, T. IV, pp. 299-300.--Pegnæ Comment.
92 in Eymerici Director. P. <small>III.
[343] Eymerici Director. P. <small>II, Q. 11.
[344] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 1.
[345] Llorente, Añales, I, 359.
[346] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 78, fol. 235.
[347] Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 121.--Pegnæ Comment. 92 in Eymerici
Director. P. <small>III.--Ed. Böhmer, Francisca Hernández, p.
228.--Archivo de Simancas, Hacienda, Leg. 25, fol. 2.
[348] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 19.
[349] Auto de la Fe celebrada en Madrid, esto año de 1632
(Bodleian Library, Arch. Seld. I, 1).--Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap.
<small>XXXVIII, Art. 1, n. 7.
[350] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 34.
[351] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[352] Ibidem.
[353] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 78, fol. 332.
[354] Ibidem, Lib. 81, fol. 27.
[355] Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 121.
[356] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 10,
fol. 44.
[357] Ibidem, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[358] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 17, 22.--At
this period autos de fe were not frequent and, at the close of 1638,
the culprits were still awaiting one.
[359] Obregon, México viejo, 1º Serie, p. 186 (México, 1891).
[360] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[361] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 41.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 31, fol. 2.--Bibl. nationale
de France, fonds espagnol, 354, fol. 242.--Bodleian Library, Arch.
Seld. I. 1.--Olmo, Relacion del Auto, pp. 294-5.
The Roman Inquisition was more merciful. Not only was scourging much
lighter than in Spain and less frequently prescribed but, by a decree
of Feb. 23, 1641, it was commuted when the offender had sisters,
daughters or grandchildren of respectable position. It was also spared
to women who had husbands or marriageable daughters.--Collectio
Decretor. S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, p. 358; Ristretto cerca li Delitti
più frequenti nel S. Offizio, p. 53 (MSS. _penes me_).
[362] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Visitas de Barcelona, Leg. 15,
fol. 20.
[363] Danvila y Collado, Expulsion de los Moriscos, pp.
208-16.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n.
10.
[364] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20. T. I.
[365] Royal Library of Berlin, Q^{t}. 9548.
[366] See Appendix to Vol. II.
[367] Archivo de Simancas, Hacienda, Leg. 25, fol. 2.
[368] Proceso contra Margarita Altamira, fol. 40 (MSS. of Am. Philos.
Society).
[369] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 10,
fol. 37, 54, 55, 74.
[370] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[371] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 890.
[372] Pedraza, Hist. eccles. de Granada, P. <small>IV, Cap.
129 (Granada, 1638).
[373] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. XLVIII, n. 6.--Pablo García, Orden
de Processar, fol. 31.
[374] Archivo de Simancas, Hacienda, Leg. 25.--Olmo, Relacion del
Auto, p. 104.
[375] Fueros de Aragon, fol. 164, 204, 220, 238 (Zaragoza, 1624).
[376] Archivo de Sevilla, Seccion primera, Carpeta <small>V,
n. 41 (Sevilla, 1860).
[377] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. II, fol. 130.--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, n. 16, fol. 292.
[378] Carbonell de Gest. Hæret. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 166).
[379] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 187.
[380] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 3, fol. 238.
[381] Ibidem, Lib. 76, fol. 71.
[382] Mem. histórico español, VI, 501.
[383] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 41.--MSS. of Library of
Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[384] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 228.
[385] Relazioni Venete, Serie I, T. V, p. 140.
[386] Bledæ Defensio Fidei, p. 310.
[387] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 119; Lib.
962, fol. 25.--Elucidationes S^{ti} Officii, § 6 (Archivo de Alcalá,
Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2}, Lib. 4).--Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion
de Valencia, Leg. 5, n. 1, fol. 65, 66.
[388] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 187.--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 299, fol. 80.
[389] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 5, n. 1,
fol. 285, 329.
[390] Bibl. nacional, MSS., PV, 3, n. 20.
[391] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 10, fol. 1.
[392] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 10, fol. 5.--Franchina,
Breve Rapporto del Trib. della S. S. Inq. di Sicilia, p. 189.
[393] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 82, fol. 148.
[394] Modo de Proceder, fol. 72 (Bibl. nacional, MSS., D. 122).
[395] Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 116 (MSS. of Am. Phil. Society).
[396] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 187.
[397] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[398] Autos acordados, Lib. V, Tit. xxi, Auto 13.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[399] Archivo hist. nacional, _loc. cit._; Inquisicion de Valencia,
Leg. 16, n. 5, fol. 50.--Royal Library of Berlin, Qt., 9548.
[400] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 435^{2}.
[401] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 435^{2}.
[402] Carenæ; de Officio SS. Inquisit. P. <small>III, Tit.
xiii, § 3.
[403] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 942, fol. 15--"Los avitos
de las personas que en tal auto se condenaron á reconciliacion."--Cf.
Elucidationes Sancti Officii § 57 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg.
244^{2}, Lib. 4).
[404] Instrucciones de 1484, § 10 (Arguello, fol. 10).
[405] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 33-36.
[406] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 6).
[407] Cap. 4 in Sexto, <small>V, ii.--S. Th. Aquin. Summæ Sec.
Sec. Q. xi, Art. 4.
[408] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 595.--Cf. D. Manuel
Serrano y Sans, Revista de Archivos, Abril, 1902, p. 259.
[409] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 336.--MSS. of
Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc. 20, T. I.--Royal Library of Berlin, Qt.
9548.
[410] Rojas de Hæret. P. <small>I, n. 115-16.--Bibl. nacional,
MSS., S, 194, fol. 267.
[411] Garau, La Fee triunfante, pp. 113-14.
[412] Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap. <small>XXXVIII, Art. 1, n.
15.--Carbonell de Gest. Hæret. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 146).
[413] Relacion del Auto de 1632 (Bodleian Library, Arch. Seld. I,
1).--Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[414] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 1.
[415] Ibidem, Inquisicion de Granada, Expedientes varios, Leg. 2.
[416] Vol. I, Appendix, p. 575.--Arguello, fol. 19.
[417] Archivo gen. de la C. de Aragon, Regist. 3684, fol. 102. See Vol
I, p. 567.
[418] Bibliothèque nationale de France, fonds espagnol, 80, fol. 168-9.
[419] Instrucciones de 1498, § 14 (Arguello, fol. 11). Cf. Archivo de
Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[420] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[421] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 96, 116, 114; Lib. 933; Lib. 3, fol. 57.
[422] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 90.
[423] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 137, 202, 218.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 382.
[424] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 217.
[425] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 116, 119.
[426] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 34.
[427] Instrucciones de 1561, §§ 79, 80 (Arguello, fol. 38).
[428] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 116.
[429] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 213 fol., p. 111, 141.
[430] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 108, n. 38.
[431] Obregon, México viejo, 1º Serie, p. 193.
[432] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.--MSS. of Elkan
N. Adler Esq.
Valencia already had a prison of some sort, of evil repute, as set
forth by Fray Nicolas del Rio, in 1606, in a memorial to the Suprema.
The prisoners are all Moors, who live there in the full enjoyment of
their religion; all women there become debauched, so that they can no
longer be placed in it.--Boronat, Los Moriscos españoles, II, 449.
[433] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 2,
fol. 71, 78.
[434] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion de Granada, Expedientes varios,
Leg. 2.
[435] Modo de Proceder, fol. 74 (Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 122).
[436] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 552, fol. 33.
[437] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Sala 39, Leg. 4, fol.
80.--Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[438] Bibl. nacional, MSS., Bb, 122.--Royal Library of Berlin, Qt.
9548.
[439] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion de Corte, Leg. 359, fol. 1.
[440] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 4, n. 3,
fol. 84, 260.
[441] Ibidem, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[442] Historia de los Reyes Católicos, cap. xliv.
[443] Carbonell de Gest. Hæret. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 14, 18-19, 33, 35, 62).--Manuel de novells Ardits, III, 69, 70.
[444] Bibl. nacional, MSS., G, 61, fol. 208.
[445] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[446] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. <small>XVI, n. 21, 22.
[447] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[448] Proceso contra Mayor García, fol. <small>XX (MS. _penes
me_).
[449] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[450] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 115; Lib. 933.
[451] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 382; Leg.
5, n. 1, fol. 352.
[452] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Leg. 1183, fol. 14, 30. See
Appendix for a specimen of a letter of commutation.
[453] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 262, n. 4;
Ibidem, Leg. 1.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 294, fol. 375.
[454] Trasmiera, Vida de Pedro Arbués, p. 44 (Madrid, 1664).
[455] Eymerici Director. P. <small>III, n. 175.
Notwithstanding this ancient use in Aragon, the inquisitors of
Saragossa reported, in 1530, to the Suprema that it had never been the
custom there for the reconciled to wear the sanbenito, to which the
Suprema replied that it was the general practice of the Inquisition
and that Aragon must conform to it.--Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion,
Lib. 76, fol. 312.
[456] Relacion de la Inquisicion Toledana (Boletin, XI, 303).
[457] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 117.
[458] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 256.
[459] Instrucciones de 1561, § 41 (Arguello, fol. 33-4).--Archivo
hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 30, 31, 375, 382.
[460] Páramo, p. 42.
[461] Llorente, Añales, II, 39.
[462] Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 294, fol. 375; Bb, 122.--MSS. of Royal
Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 327.
[463] Bibl. nacional, MSS., G, 50, fol. 248-9.
[464] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[465] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 936; Lib. 73, fol. 315.
[466] Carbonell de Gest. Hæret. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 50-1).
[467] Instrucciones de 1561, § 81 (Arguello, fol. 38).
[468] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 117.
[469] Páramo, pp. 42-3, 203.
[470] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 942, fol. 15, 20; Lib.
939, fol. 117.
[471] Instrucciones de 1561, § 81 (Arguello, fol. 38).
[472] Páramo, pp. 42-3.--Llorente, Añales, II, 41.--Bibl. nacional,
MSS., S, 121.
[473] Proceso contra Fray Luis de Leon (Col. de Doc. ined., X, 165-8).
[474] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 72, fol. 30; Lib. 939,
fol. 117.--Boletin, XI, 309.
[475] Boletin, XV, 340.
[476] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, n. 18.
[477] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 117.
[478] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. III, fol. 86.
[479] Pedraza, Hist. eccles. de Granada, Lib. IV, cap. 37.
[480] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 2, fol. 89.
[481] Instrucciones de 1561, § 81 (Arguello, fol. 38).
[482] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 272.
[483] Archivo de Simancas Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 144; Lib. 942, fol. 20.
[484] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 11, n. 1,
fol. 65.
[485] Ibidem, Leg. 98.
[486] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Valencia, Leg. 10, n. 2,
fol. 41, 117.
[487] Ibidem, Leg. 30, fol. 40.
[488] Ibidem, Leg. 16, n. 5, fol. 54.
[489] Coleccion de los Decretos de las Córtes generales etc., II, 219
(Madrid, 1820).
The allusion in this to _cuadros_ and _pinturas_ refers to a custom,
not officially recognized, by which exuberant pietistic malignity
supplemented the sanbenitos with portraits and pictures bearing the
names of the sufferers. For a florid description of this see "Voyage
en Espagne par M. le Marquis de Langle," II, 78 (Londres, 1786).
This somewhat notorious work was burnt by order of the Parlement in
1788. Its author was Jérome-Charlemagne Fleuriau and it ran through
six editions between 1785 and 1803.
[490] Taronji, Estado religioso etc. de Mallorca, p. 257.
[491] Collectio Decretor. S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii p. 205 (MS. _penes
me_).
[492] Const. 5, Cod. <small>X, viii.
[493] Huillard-Bréholles, Hist. Diplom. Frid. II, T. IV, p. 302.--Cap.
2, § 2 and Cap. 5, in Sexto, v, iii.--Cap. 5 Septimi Decret. v, iii.
[494] Alph. de Castro de justa Hæret. Punit. Lib. <small>II,
cap. 10, 11.
[495] Concil. Biterrens. ann. 1246, Concil. de Modo procedendi cap. 28
(Harduin, VII, 420).
[496] Instrucciones de 1484, § 6 (Arguello, fol. 4).--Archivo de
Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[497] Llorente, Añales, I, 113.
[498] Instrucciones de 1488, § 11 (Arguello, fol. 10).
[499] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 115.
[500] Ibidem, Lib. 1.
[501] Ibidem, Lib. 933, p. 143. As printed in the Nueva Recop. Lib.
<small>VIII, Tit. iii, leyes 3, 4, there are some clauses
omitted.
[502] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 108, 115.
[503] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 933.
[504] Ibidem, Lib. 3, fol. 374, 380.
[505] Ibidem, fol. 419, 445.
[506] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 927, fol. 676; Lib. 79,
fol. 18; Lib. 939, fol. 108.
[507] Farinacci de Hæresi, Q. 191, n. 56, 68.--Pegnæ Comment. 164 in
Eymerici Director. P. <small>III--Bibl. nacional, MSS. V, 377.
[508] Archivo de Simancas, Inquisicion, Lib. 939, fol. 109,
115.--Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. XLVII, n. 25, 26.
[509] Archivo de Simancas, Hacienda, Leg. 25, fol. 1.
[510] Bibl. nacional, MSS, V, 377, cap. 26.
[511] Ibidem, D, 118, p. 148.
[512] Escobar á Carro de Puritate, P. <small>II, Q. iv, § 3,
n. 48.
[513] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 24.
[514] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 23.
[515] Ibidem, Registro de Genealogias, n. 916, fol. 61. (See Appendix.)
[516] Ibidem, Inq., Lib. 890.
[517] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 4, n. 3, fol. 27.
[518] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 109.
[519] Catálogo de las causas seguidas ante el tribunal de Toledo, pp.
131-40 (Madrid, 1903).
[520] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[521] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 896, fol. 1.
[522] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 334.
[523] Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap. <small>XXVIII, Art. ii, n. 10.
[524] Böhmer, Francisca Hernández, pp. 174-5.
[525] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[526] Cap. 1, Tit. ii; Cap. 2, Tit. ix in Sexto, Lib.
<small>V--C. Trident. Sess. <small>XIII, De Reform,
cap. 4.
[527] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 473.--Bibl. nacional, MSS.,
R, 128. p. 35.--Archivo municipal de Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo
XVIII, Letra A, Tom. 4, n. 54.
[528] C. Gerundens. ann. 1197 (Aguirre, V, 102-3).--Constitt. Sicular.
Lib I, Tit. 1.--Huillard-Bréholles, Hist. Diplom. Frid. II, Tom. V, p.
201.--Fuero Real de España, Lib. <small>IV, Tit. 1, ley 1.
[529] Gloss. Hostiensis in Cap. _ad abolendam_ n. 14 (Eymerici
Director. P. <small>II).--Cap. 27, Tit. 40, Extra, Lib.
<small>V.
The attitude of the Church is defined in these canons:
"A cleric shall not sentence to death or mutilation, under pain of
deprivation of honor and benefice."--Cap. 5, Tit. 50, Extra, Lib.
<small>III (Alex. III).
"No cleric shall utter or dictate a sentence of blood, or exercise
capital jurisdiction, or be present where it is exercised. Nor shall
a cleric write or dictate letters concerning judgements of blood. Nor
shall a subdeacon, deacon or priest practise surgery involving cutting
or cautery."--Ibid. Cap. 9 (Concil. Lateran. IV).
The German prince-bishops, who had _haute et basse justice_, did not
invest their judges with power to pronounce sentences of blood, but
procured commissions for them from the emperor, as otherwise they were
deemed blood-guilty and were deprived of their office. The secular
princes were under no such obligation.--Schwabenspiegel Cap. cxi
(Senckenberg, Corp. Jur. German, II, 140).--See also Schwäbisches
Lehenrecht cap. xvii (Ibid. II, 17, 18).
A cleric uttering a sentence of blood, causing mutilation or death,
becomes irregular and, on this account, although he does not _ipso
jure_ forfeit his benefices, yet he is to be deprived of them by
the Ordinary or forced to resign them.--Thesaurus, De P[oe]nis
ecclesiasticis, s. v. _Judicis laici munus_, cap. 2.--Cf. Ferraris,
Prompta Bibliotheca, s. v. _Irregularitas_, Art. <small>I, n.
11; Art. <small>II.
[530] Formulary of the Papal Penitentiary, Rubr. XLII (Philadelphia,
1892).--Archivo hist, nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 110, n.
31, fol. 4.--A commentator of the seventeenth century argues that
clerics who seek to gain this indulgence become irregular if the wood
they bring actually aids in burning the heretic.--Jac. a Graffiis
Decis. aureæ Casuum Conscientiæ P. <small>II, Lib. ii, Cap.
19, n. 3.
[531] Bullar. Roman. I, 611.
[532] Astesani Summæ de Casibus Conscientiæ, Lib. <small>I,
Tit. lviii. Art. 4.
[533] Cap. 18, Tit. ii in Sexto, Lib. <small>V.
[534] Relacion de la Inquisicion Toledana (Boletin, XI, 300).
[535] Boletin, V, 404.
[536] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 132, n. 31.
[537] Innocent, PP. VIII, Bull. _Dilectus filius_, 30 Sept. 1486
(Pegnæ Append. ad Eymerici Direct. p. 84).
[538] Mich. Alberti Repertorium, s. vv. Communicare § _Sed an quando;
Executio § Qualiter_.
[539] Torreblanca, Epitome Delictorum, sive de Magia, Lib. III,
cap. xxix, n. 15-17. "Et eo jure utimur quia potestates sæculares
in tali casu sunt meri executores." See also Vol. I, p. 603, in the
proclamation of the civil power, on the arrival of an inquisitor, the
clauses requiring secular officials to inflict "las debidas penas cada
y quando por el dicho venerable inquisidor sera declarado."
[540] Fontana, Documenta Vaticana, pp. 137, 145 (Rome, 1892). The
Roman Inquisition made no pretence that its judgements were not
final; it assumed that it sentenced to mutilation and death, and in
this it claimed that those concerned were immune from the canonical
irregularity.--Collectio Decretor S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, p 219 (MS.
_penes me_).
[541] Pegnæ Comment. 48 in Eymerici Director. P. <small>II. In
view of the unvarying practice of the Church for nearly six hundred
years, it requires hardihood for a writer, in 1902, to argue that
the civil magistrate and not the Inquisition was responsible for the
burning of heretics.--Razon y Fe, T. IV, p. 358 (Madrid, 1902).
[542] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 74.
[543] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 213 fol., p. 126.--"En
ellos las primeras causas que deben leerse son las de relaxados,
para que incontinenti puedan entregarse al juez real sin permitirle
dilacion con pretexto alguno en la execuzion de la sentencia; pues
siempre queda al tribunal jurisdiccion segura para obligarle por
censuras y otras penas á su puntual cumplimiento."
[544] Arn. Albertini de Agnoscendis Assertionibus Q.
<small>XXV, n. 44-5.
[545] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 473.--Olmo, Relacion del Auto,
p. 287.
[546] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 257.
[547] Ibidem, Lib. 42, fol. 291, 293, 308.
[548] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 32, 54, 59, 68.
[549] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. I de Copias, fol.
139.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 3, fol. 323, 456; Lib. 927, fol.
349.
[550] Ibidem, Lib. 922, fol. 682.
[551] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. IV, fol. 169.
[552] Bullar. Roman. II, 298.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, p.
82.--Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 1049.--Archivo de Simancas,
Inq. Lib. 939, fol. 63.
[553] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Libro III, fol. 156.
[554] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 922, fol. 685.--Bulario de la
Orden de Santiago, Lib. IV, fol. 169-70.
[555] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 42, fol. 246, 255-7; Lib. 17,
fol. 70; Lib. 25, fol. 156.
[556] Eymerici Director, P. <small>II, Q. xi.
[557] Instrucciones de 1484, § 12 (Arguello, fol. 5).
[558] Instrucciones de 1561, § 44 (Arguello, fol. 33).
[559] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt, 9548.
[560] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 3.
[561] MSS. del Archivo municipal de Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo
XVIII, Letra A., T. 4, n. 53.
[562] See Vol. I, Appendix, p. 593.
[563] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 262.
[564] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit XLVII, n. 73.--Archivo de Simancas,
Patronato Real, Inq., Leg. único, fol. 13.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., V,
377, Cap. iii, § 5.
[565] Pegnæ Commentt. 36, 46, in Eymerici Direct. P. <small>II.
[566] Carbonell _op. cit._ (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon, XXVIII,
13, 15, 29).
[567] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 153, fol. 95. This was the rule also
in the Roman Inquisition. Del Bene tells us that strictly according
to law the convicted heretic is to be burnt alive, but that "among
Christians this is not followed, unless he is pertinacious, in which
case there is no reason why he should not be burnt alive."--De Officio
S. Inquisitionis, II, 113 (Romæ, 1666).
[568] D. N. Herqueta (Boletin, XLV, 424-33).
[569] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 10 n. 2, fol 136.
[570] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[571] Bibl. nacional, MSS. S, 294, fol. 375.
[572] Simancæ Enchirid. Tit. <small>XXXI, n. 3.
[573] Instrucciones de 1561, § 43 (Arguello, fol. 33).
[574] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 979, fol. 40; Lib. 876, fol.
105^{b}.
[575] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, Cap. 10.
[576] Bibl. nacional, MSS., R, 128.
[577] Ibidem, R, 118, p. 35.
[578] Ibidem, Pp, 67-10, fol. 101.
[579] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[580] Simancæ Enchirid. Tit. LXII, n. 10.--Rojas de Hæret. P
<small>II, n. 183-4.
[581] Bibl. nacional, MSS., G, 54, fol. 249.
[582] Candido Múñoz, Question theologico-moral acerca del Reo de fe,
etc. (Madrid, 1725).--MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p.
361.
[583] Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, Cap. iii, § 6.
[584] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 10).
[585] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[586] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. XLVII, n. 60-63; Enchirid. Tit. lix.
[587] Bullar. Roman, I, 821.--On the plea that such heretics claimed
exemption from this on the ground of ignorance, Clement VIII,
February 3, 1603, renewed and confirmed in perpetuity the act of Paul
IV.--Bullar. III, 160.
Although the Spanish Inquisition preserved these decrees in its
collections it does not seem to have acted on them. In 1568 there were
two cases in Valencia of heretics who, among other errors, denied the
virginity of the Virgin. One of these was a Gascon, Bernat de Vidosa,
who was reconciled with only reclusion in a monastery; the other was
Pedro Sobrino, a fisherman of Naples, more severely treated with ten
years of galleys.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 31.
[588] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. III, fol. 63.--Bibl.
nacional, MSS., R, 90, p. 252.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 930,
fol. 26.
[589] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol, 119.--Bibl. nacional,
MSS., V, 377, Cap. ix, § 3.--Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2}
(Lib. 4).
[590] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 937, fol. 199.
[591] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[592] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 121.
[593] Simancæ de Cath. Instt. Tit. LVII, n. 3.
[594] Pablo García, Orden de Processar, fol. 11.
[595] Miguel Calvo (Archive de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2}, Lib. 4).
[596] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 933.
[597] Simancæ _loc. cit._, n. 4.
[598] Instrucciones de 1561, § 41 (Arguello, fol. 33).
[599] Elucidationes S. Officii, § 23 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda,
Leg. 544^{2}, Lib. 4).--Alphonsi de Castro de justa Hæret. Punitione
Lib. <small>II, cap. 2.--Bibl. nacional, MSS. V, 377, Cap. ix,
§ 1.
[600] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 3, fol. 72.
[601] Ibidem, Lib. 926, fol. 49, 53, 57, 63, 67.--Bulario de la Orden
de Santiago, Lib. II, fol. 79; Lib. III, fol. 88, 109.--Archivo de
Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 1049.
[602] Olmo, Relacion del Auto, pp. 252-62.
[603] Garau, La Fee triunfante, pp. 65-112.
[604] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[605] MSS. del Archivo Municipal de Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo
XVIII, Letra A, Tom. 4, n. 54.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., R, 128.
[606] Libro Verde de Aragon (Revista de España, CVI, 254).
[607] Carbonell, _op. cit_. (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon, XXVIII,
62, 141, 152).
[608] Proceso contra Fray Luis de Leon (Col. de Doc. inéd, X, 158-61).
[609] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[610] Garau, La Fee Triunfante, pp. 39-42, 114-22.
[611] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt., 9548.
[612] Elucidationes S. Officii, § 19 (Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda,
Leg. 544,^{3} Lib. 4).--Matute y Luquin, Autos de Fe de Córdova, p.
270.
[613] Llorente, Hist. crít., Cap. XLII, Art. i. n. 14.
[614] Ibidem, Cap. XLIII, Art. iv, n. 1.
[615] Ibidem, Cap. XLIII, Art. iv, n. 4.
[616] Páramo, p. 597.
[617] Archivo de Simancas, Inq. Lib. I, Lib. 933, p. 551.
[618] Relacion de la Inquisicion Toledana (Boletin, IX, 300).
[619] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. I.
[620] Ibidem, Lib. 979, fol. 38.
[621] Ibidem, Lib. 72, fol. 73.
[622] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 4, fol. 9; Lib. 5, fol. 24, 29.
[623] Ibidem, Lib. 939, fol. 121.--Instrucciones de 1561, § 77
(Arguello, fol. 37).
[624] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 1157, fol. 154, 155.
[625] MSS. of Royal Library of Copenhagen, 213 fol., p. 126.
[626] Archivo gen. de la C. de Aragon, Regist. 3684, fol. 91.
[627] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 10, fol. 2; Lib. 926, fol.
326-50; Lib. 937, fol. 222; Lib. 939, fol. 126--MSS. of Royal Library
of Copenhagen, 213 fol., p. 126.
[628] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 123.--Archivo de
Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 473.--Juan Gómez de Mora, Auto de la Fé
celebrado en Madrid este año de 1632, §§ 4, 5.--Olmo, Relacion del
Auto, pp. 30-44.
[629] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 123.
[630] Ibidem, Lib. 926, fol. 313-25.
[631] Ibidem, Hacienda, Leg. 25.
[632] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 473.
[633] In the Logroño auto of November 7, 1610, there marched in the
procession a thousand familiars, commissioners and notaries. In that
of Barcelona, June 21, 1627, there were five or six hundred familiars
and alguaziles.--Auto de fe celebrado in Logroño, 7 y 8 de Noviembre,
1610 (Logroño, 1610).--Parets, Sucesos de Cataluña (Mem. hist,
español, XX, 20).
[634] In the early autos, where there were large numbers of the dead
and absent, an economical though somewhat grotesque device was that
of _statuæ duplicatæ_--effigies with Janus faces, one before and the
other behind. At Barcelona, January 25, 1488, there were five married
couples thus represented by five effigies and, on May 23d, of the same
year, twenty effigies were made to do duty for forty-two fugitives,
while, on February 9, 1489, ten effigies served for thirty-nine
absentees.--Carbonell, _op. cit._ (Col. de Doc. de la C. de Aragon,
XXVIII, 13, 15, 30).
As regards the corozas or mitres, the Roman Inquisition, with a finer
sense of what was fitting, forbade their use in 1596, as derogatory
to the episcopal dignity, which was distinguished by the use of
mitres.--Decr. S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, p. 458 (Bibl. del R. Archivo
di Stato in Roma, Fondo camerale, Congr. del S. Officio, Vol. 3).
[635] The procession of the _cruz verde_ was not universal. It
was practised in Valladolid, Toledo, Murcia and probably some
others.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 979, fol. 40.
[636] The cost of these meals was scrutinized. In 1571 the Suprema
ordered Logroño not to spend more than twelve ducats on the breakfast.
A carta acordada of January 25, 1574, refers to the heavy expenses for
collation and breakfast given to inquisitors and officials, confessors
and penitents. In future they are to be confined to confessors and
penitents; if the inquisitors and officials want meals it must be at
their own expense, and evidence of this must accompany the reports of
the autos.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 82, fol. 9; Lib. 942, fol.
39.
[637] The royal oath, taken by the young Carlos II, at the Madrid auto
of 1680, with one hand on the cross and the other on the gospels,
was as follows. The inquisitor-general said "Vuestra Magestad jura
y promete por su fe y palabra real, que como verdadero y Catolico
Rey, puesto por la mano de Dios, defenderá con todo su poder la Fe
Catolica que tiene y cree la santa madre Iglesia Apostolica de Roma y
la conservacion y aumento della, y que persiguirá y mandará perseguir
á los Hereges y Apostatas contrarios della, y que mandará dar y dará
el favor y ayuda necessario para el Santo Oficio de la Inquisicion
y ministros dello, para que los hereges perturbadores de nuestra
Religion Cristiana sean prendidos y castigados conforme á los derechos
y sacros canones, sin que aya omision de parte de Vuestra Magestad ni
excepcion de persona alguna de qualquier calidad que sea." To this
the king replied "Assi lo juro y prometo por mi fee y palabra Real."
(Olmo, Relacion del Auto, p. 125.) Such an oath was administered to
the prince Don Carlos at the Valladolid auto of May 21, 1559 (Gachard,
Don Carlos, I, 47); also to Philip II at that of October 8, 1559
(Cabrera, Vida de Felipe II, Lib. <small>V, cap. 3); also
to Philip III at that of Toledo, March 6, 1600 (MSS. of Library of
University of Halle., Yc, 20, T. VIII), and to Philip IV at the Madrid
auto of 1632 (Mora, Auto de la Fee, § 27).
[638] At the great Logroño auto of Nov. 7-8, 1610, where there were
fifty-three culprits, including twenty-nine witches, the sentences
were so long that the day was consumed with the eleven cases of
relaxation. The second day was occupied from dawn till nightfall; some
of the sentences had to be curtailed, and the reconciliations were
performed after dark.--Auto de Fe de Logroño (Logroño, 1611; Madrid,
1820).
[639] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 221.
[640] Mora, Auto de la Fee de 1632, § 44.
[641] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[642] Ant. Rodríguez Villa, La Corte y Monarquía de España, p. 238.
[643] Archivo hist. nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[644] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.--Archivo de
Simancas, Gracia y Justicia, Inq., Leg. 621, fol. 171.
[645] Relacion histórica de la Juderia de Sevilla, pp. 85 sqq.
(Sevilla, 1849).
[646] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 937, fol. 123.--A commentator
on this cites Azpilcueta and Peña to prove that in Rome autos that
included relaxations were held in churches and also that, in 1611, at
Cuenca an auto comprehending four relaxations was held in a church by
order of the Suprema.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., V, 377, Cap. iii, § 2.
[647] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 17, 22, 23.
[648] Archivo de Simancas, _loc. cit._
[649] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.--Archivo de
Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 40.--Proceso contra Diego Rodríguez
Silba, fol. 32-4 (MS. _penes me_).
[650] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 42, fol. 289.--Archivo hist.
nacional, _ubi sup._
[651] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 11, n. 1, fol.
220, 230, 240.
[652] Archivo de Simancas, Lib. 42, fol. 239. Whether through design
or carelessness, this was not sent to the Valencia tribunal until
October 14, 1699, when it was enclosed in a letter saying that as
it had not been forwarded at the time it was now sent for their
instruction.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 10, n. 2,
fol. 138.
[653] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 42, fol. 291, 308.
[654] Bibl. nacional, MSS., R. 128.
[655] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 9).
[656] Ibidem.
[657] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[658] Danvila y Collado, Expulsion de los Moriscos, p. 106.
[659] Llorente, Hist. crít., Cap. <small>XXIV, Art. 1, n. 2.
[660] Gachard, Don Carlos et Philippe II, I, 106-7.
[661] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I; Tom. VIII.
[662] Moro, Auto de la Fee (Madrid, 1632).
[663] Parets, Sucesos de Cataluña (Mem. hist. español, XXIV, 297).
[664] Olmo, Relacion del Auto, p. 47.
[665] Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap. XL, Art. 1, n. 3.--Vicente de la
Fuente, Hist. eclesiástica de España, III, 378.--"Preparose un _auto_
de fe para obsequiar al Rey, pues habian llegado los _autos_ á ser
un obligado de todas las fiestas régias, como los toros y los fuegos
artificiales. Felipe V se negó por primera vez á concurrir á ellos;
mas adelante se le vio asistir á uno (1720)."
[666] Amador de los Rios, Hist. de los Judíos, III, 381-3.
[667] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 939, fol. 108.
[668] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 389.
[669] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 128. For
illustration of the trivial evidence which justified prosecution for
Judaism see Vol. II, p. 566.
[670] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 98.
[671] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[672] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 787; Leg. 1157, fol. 155.
[673] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 177.
[674] Relasioni Venete, Serie I, T. V, p. 19.
[675] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. III, fol. 109,
111.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 129.--Archivo de
Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 1049.
[676] Vicente da Costa Mattos, Breve Discurso contra a Perfidia do
Judaismo, fol. 100 (Lisboa, 1623).
[677] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. IV, fol. 5.--Archivo de
Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 127.
[678] Bulario de la Orden de Santiago, Lib. IV, fol. 130.
The district of Galicia would seem to be an exception to this,
probably arising from the lateness of the organization of the
tribunal of Santiago. Jews there had been quite numerous, wealthy and
respected, and there had not been time to enforce their conversion
or extermination. The severity of the tribunal earned for it the
reputation of the most cruel in Spain and, pitiless as was that of
Portugal, many Galician Conversos took refuge there. Towards the close
of the century Inquisitor Pedro Pérez Gamarra acquired for himself an
infamous distinction by his relentless activity, and the archbishop
and chapter protested publicly against the proceedings of the
tribunal. Its rapacity was rewarded with abundant confiscations. We
hear of Méndez of Valdeorras, whose estate was reckoned at more than
40,000 ducats, of that of Antonia de Saravia at 233,707 reales and of
Marcial Pereira at 363,444.--Benito F. Alonso, Los Judíos en Orense,
pp. 8, 26, 28-30, 32 (Orense, 1904).
[679] Archivo de Simancas, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 205, fol. 3.
[680] Ample authentic material exists for this in the twelve volumes
of the _Corpo Diplomatico Portuguez_ (Lisboa, 1862-1902)--material of
which Herculano had skilfully utilized a portion in his classical _Da
Origem e Estabelecimento da Inquisicão em Portugal_ (Lisboa, 1854).
Some gaps in this have been filled by A. Ronchini, in his _Giovanni_
III _di Portogallo, il Cardinal Silva e l'Inquisizione_ (Modena, 1879).
[681] Osorii de Rebus Emmanuelis Lib. I.--Monteiro, Historia da S.
Inquisição de Portugal, Liv. II, c. 43.--Amador de los Rios, III, 358,
360, 614-15.--Herculano, I, 113-14, 116-18, 124-30.
[682] Herculano, I, 133, 153-4, 158-9, 164-8.
[683] Herculano, I, 179, 189-90.
[684] Herculano, I, 228-86.--Corpo Diplomatico, II, 335, 338, 409,
410.--Anno histórico Portuguez, I, 253 (Lisboa, 1744).
[685] Corpo Diplomatico, III, 1, 11, 29, 47, 64, 75.
[686] Corpo Diplomatico, II, 430, 452; III, 76, 82, 124.
[687] Ibidem, III, 117, 121, 125, 166, 169, 171, 177, 181, 190, 206,
210, 218, 220, 228, 249-50, 252, 254, 275, 290-4. The bull of Paul
III, embodying the previous one of Clement VII, is in the Bullarium,
I, 712.
[688] Herculano, II, 146-62.--Corpo Diplomatico, III, 283, 286, 288,
290, 302, 332; XI, 358.
[689] Corpo Diplomatico, III, 348, 353, 354, 358, 402.
[690] Herculano, II, 200-5.--Corpo Diplomatico, IV, 8, 11, 95.
[691] Corpo Diplomatico, IV, 128-33, 134, 148, 158, 172-8, 186, 188,
195, 200, 205, 206, 271-6; V, 165; VIII, 294, 295. The Portuguese
cruzado was nearly the equivalent of the Spanish ducat.
[692] Historia dos principaes Actos e Procedimentos da Inquisicão de
Portugal, p. 256 (Lisboa, 1845).
In this year 1540 occurred the curious episode of the False Nuncio,
Juan Pérez de Saavedra, a skilful forger and impostor, who presented
himself with forged papal briefs, lived in great state in Lisbon for
three months, and traversed the land for three more, collecting large
sums, after the manner of nuncios. The Spanish Inquisition got upon
his track; he was decoyed to the border, seized on Portuguese soil,
January 23, 1541, and conveyed to Madrid. For this daring imposition
he paid with nineteen years of galleys. He assumed the credit of
introducing the Inquisition in Portugal, and this secondary imposture
had currency nearly to our own times.--Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap.
<small>XVI, Art. iii, n. 1-21.--Páramo, pp. 227-32.--Illescas,
Hist. Pontifical, Lib. VI, cap. iv,--Ant. de Sousa, Aphorismi
Inquisit.; De Origine Inquisit. § 6.--Feyjoo, Theatro crítico, T. VI,
Disc. iii.--Hernández, Verdadera Origen de la Inquisicion de Portugal
(Madrid, 1789).
Salazar de Mendoza (Chronica de el Cardenal Don Juan de Tavera, pp.
119-21) puts Saavedra's gains at 300,000 ducats and states that Paul
III released him from the galleys by a special brief.
[693] Corpo Diplomatico, IV, 381, 404-5, 422-5.
[694] Herculano, II, 304-17, 332-40--Ciaconii Vitt. Poutiff., III,
675.--Corpo Diplomatico, IV, 388, 392, 399; V, 41, 54; XI, 388, 472,
473, 496.
[695] Herculano, III, 8-9.
[696] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 34, 70, 83, 114.
[697] Ronchini, pp. 6-12.--Herculano, III, 64-5.
[698] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 90, 96, 98, 104-5, 113, 115-16, 117-20.
[699] Ronchini, p. 11.--Corpo Diplomatico, V, 134, 135, 140, 145, 149,
152, 164.
[700] Herculano, III, 116-199.
[701] Ronchini, pp. 16, 17, 20, 23.
[702] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 169-71, 179, 184, 187.
[703] Ibidem, V, 176.
[704] Ibidem, V, 186, 196, 222, 506.--Ronchini, p. 24.
[705] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 225, 273, 281-2.
[706] Ibidem, V, 291; XI, 503.--Ronchini, p. 26.
[707] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 306, 308, 311, 315, 317; XI, 507.--Archivo
de Simancas, Patronato Real, Inquisicion, Leg. unico, fol.
34.--Historia dos principaes Actos, p. 256.
[708] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 320, 321, 324, 330, 344.
[709] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 405, 434, 442.--Raynald. Annal. ann. 1545,
n. 58.
[710] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 448, 451, 453, 460, 470.
[711] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 23, 42.--Ronchini, pp. 31-2.
[712] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 361, 391, 398, 399; VII, 32, 51-3, 204,
216, 241, 327; VIII, 111.
After João's death, the regency, in 1562, in return for a favor, sent
to Pius IV a couple of rings, to which he loftily replied that he did
not desire such gifts, but he had previously had them appraised and
found that they were of little value. There was some indignation felt
in the papal palace and Alvaro de Castro, in reporting it, dwelt on
the importance of keeping the pope well-disposed.--Ibidem, X, 19, 20,
21.
[713] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 23.
[714] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 95, 101, 105-25, 139, 141, 144, 170-5,
176-77, 180, 183, 186, 198-208.--Ronchini, pp. 37-8.--Stewart
Rose, St. Ignatius Loyola and the early Jesuits, p. 406 (New York,
1891).--Gothein, Ignatius von Loyola und die Gegenreformation, p. 611
(Halle, 1895).
It was freely stated that Julius III continued the practice and
sold, for a thousand cruzados a year, licence to seventy heads of
families who had been baptized in Portugal to Judaize in Ancona, a
privilege of which two hundred took advantage, with their wives and
children.--Corpo Diplomatico, VII, 378.
The facts of this curious episode are that Paul III issued letters
of safe-conduct to foreign merchants in Ancona, including both Turks
and Jews. Then, February 21, 1547, in an elaborate brief, specially
favoring the New Christians of Portugal, he promised that, for all
accusations of heresy or apostasy, they should be subject exclusively
to the pope in person, all judges and inquisitors being forbidden to
prosecute them. Feeling their position uncertain, they bargained with
the local authorities that, for five years, they should be undisturbed
and that any one prosecuted should have free permission to depart. In
1552 they presented these articles to Julius III for confirmation,
which he gave by a brief of December 6th, forbidding judges and
inquisitors to molest them. Paul IV, however, April 30, 1556 withdrew
this and ordered their prosecution, even if they denied under torture
their baptism, as it was notorious that for eighty years no Hebrew
could live in Portugal except as a Christian. This was at the instance
of Cardinal Caraffa and his other nephews, who thereupon seized the
persons and property of the Jews, who arranged a compromise for 50,000
ducats, but were unable to raise the money in the time specified,
whereupon the Caraffas held the property, estimated at 300,000 ducats.
A contemporary states that more than eighty of them were burnt or sent
to the galleys.--Collect. Decret. S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, s. v.
_Judaizantes_ (MS. _penes me_).--Decret S. Congr. S^{ti} Officii, pp.
327, 334-6 (Bibl. del R. Archivio di Stato in Roma, Fondo Camerale,
Congr. del S. Officio, Vol. 3).--Bibl. nationale de France, fonds
italien, 430, fol. 109.
During the first half of the seventeenth century, the popes earnestly
endeavored to force Venice to exclude the Portuguese refugees, when
the decrees of Paul III and Julius III were persistently quoted in
their favor. The inquisitors in all Italian cities were urged to
active work against them, but they seem to have been favored by
the local authorities. Those of Pisa and Leghorn were especially
liberal.--Collect. Decret. _loc. cit._--Albizzi, Riposta all'Historia
dalla S. Inquisizione del R. P. Paolo Servita, pp. 194-212.
[715] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 152, 159, 160, 163, 164, 166,
210.--Raynald. Annal. ann. 1547, n. 131, 132.
[716] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 220.
[717] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 219-21.
[718] Ibidem, VI, 250-2.
[719] Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 248-9.--Ronchini, p. 41.
There is some satisfaction in knowing that Cardinal Farnese made but
little out of this wretched business. The death of his grandfather,
in November, 1549, deprived him of influence and, in 1550, João had
the effrontery to demand his resignation of the see of Viseu. Farnese
interposed difficulties but, in 1552, Gonsalvo Pinheiro was installed
in his place. Soon afterwards, in September 1552, we hear of his
taking refuge in his legation of Avignon, partly for safety and partly
on account of his necessities.--Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 422, 423; VII,
151, 165, 174, 184.
João's malignity towards Cardinal Silva was unquenchable. On the
accession of Julius III, he heard that the new pope felt compassion
for Silva and he instructed his ambassador to tell him that any
honor or grace conferred on Silva would be regarded as an injury.
By this time Silva was reduced to penury and the ambassador out of
compassion forbore to deliver the message, when João angrily repeated
his instructions with additional emphasis. In spite of this Julius
wrote, some three years later, asking João to pardon Silva, who was
borne down with age and infirmities. João left the letter unanswered
for eight months, until March, 1554, and then wrote with studied
evasiveness. Silva died in June, 1556.--Corpo Diplomatico, VI, 389;
VII, 25, 244, 330.
[720] Corpo Diplomatico, V, 391, 392; VIII, 291.
[721] Corpo Diplomatico, VII, 49, 255, 291, 336, 437, 458, 479; VIII,
82, 94, 108, 142, 150, 161, 181, 185, 195, 197, 205, 225, 239, 275,
289, 296, 310, 460, 466, 475, 476, 491; IX, 40, 81, 120, 125, 150.
[722] Historia dos principaes actos, etc., pp. 256-9, 292-5, 312-13.
The numbers in the respective tribunals are--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 37 2 270
Evora 87 12 1023
Coimbra 45 37 705
--- --- ----
169 51 1998
The interesting list of autos, from which I have summarized this and
succeeding tables, is probably based on the compilation from the
records made about 1767, by Diogo Barbosa Machado, of which there
are copies in the Public Library of Coimbra. See Professor R. J. H.
Gottheil, in _Jewish Quarterly Review_, October, 1901, pp. 90-1.
These lists are probably defective for the early years. A
contemporary, writing in 1564, states that for a number of years there
had been burnt annually from twenty to forty persons and two hundred
penanced.--Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien 430, fol. 109.
[723] Corpo Diplomatico, IX, 150; X, 315, 546, 556.
[724] Sousa, Aphor. Inquis., De Origíne, § 6.--The _Relation de
l'Inquisition de Goa_ by Dr. C. Dellon (Paris, 1688) giving an account
of his sufferings there, is well known. It has been translated into
Portuguese, with copious notes and documents, by Miguel Vicente
d'Abreu (Nova-Goa, 1866), to whom we shall have occasion to refer.
[725] Corpo Diplomatico, IX, 112.
[726] Ibidem, XII, 77. A similar brief was issued by Urban VIII, April
22, 1625 (Ibid. p. 246) but, as it makes no reference to any preceding
act, the presumption is that these were sporadic and not continuous
grants of power.
[727] For these forgotten struggles see some elaborate papers by the
Rev. George Edmundson in the _English Historical Review_ for 1899 and
1900.
[728] In the Lisbon auto of March 14, 1723, there are few Judaizers
and all are residents of Portugal. In that of October 10, 1723, the
Judaizers are numerous and a large portion of them are from Brazil.
Evidently a fleet had arrived during the interval.--Royal Library of
Berlin, Qt. 9548.
In 1618, however, we hear of an inquisitor sent from Portugal to
Brazil, whose operations speedily drove numerous New Christians to
seek refuge in Spanish territory.--J. T. Medina, La Inquisicion en las
Provincias del Plata, pp. 155-61 (Santiago de Chile, 1900).
[729] Miguel Vicente d'Abreu, p. 115.
[730] Did. Guerreiro Camacho de Aboym, De Privilegiis Familiarum etc.,
pp. 12-18, 21 (Ulyssipone, 1759).
[731] Francisco de Castro, Regimento do Santo Officio da Inquisição
dos Reynos de Portugal, Liv. I, Tit. i, § 1; Tit. iii, §§ 13, 14; Tit.
v, § 6; Liv. II, Tit. ii, § 13 (Lisboa, 1640).--Sousa Aphor. Inq. Lib.
I, Cap. i, n. 14.
[732] De Castro, Regimento, Liv. II, Tit. xxiii.
[733] Georgii Buchanani Vita ab ipso scripta.--Lopez de Mendonça,
Damião de Goes e a Inquisição de Portugal, p. 21 (Lisboa, 1859).
The poem on the Franciscans was written at the request of James V
of Scotland. It forced Buchanan to leave the country and, before
venturing to Portugal, he made his excuses for it to King João. A
brief extract will show its temper:--
At nunc posteritas, vera pietate relicta,
Degenerem quæstum sordesque secuta, caducas
Cogit opes, ficta et sub relligione pudendos
Occultat mores et, fama innixa parentum,
Seducit stolidum pietatis imagine vulgus.
[734] Mendonça, Damião de Goes e a Inquisição de Portugal.
[735] Corpo Diplomatico, X, 537, 569.
[736] Llorente, Hist. crít. Cap. XIX, Art. iii, n. 6.
[737] Corpo Diplomatico, XII, 23. As Cardinal Albrecht was only 25
years of age a special derogation of the minimum rule was necessary in
his case. More remarkable is the fact that his commission granted him
jurisdiction over bishops.
When Albrecht left Portugal, the commission of his successor, Antonio
Bishop of Elvas July 12, 1596, contained no such provision; it
enlarged his jurisdiction however from simple heresy to sorcery and
divination and the censorship of the press.--Ibidem, p. 70.
[738] Historia dos principaes Actos, pp. 258-61, 294-7, 312-15. The
numbers in the respective tribunals are--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 29 6 559
Evora 98 16 1384
Coimbra 35 37 1036
---- ---- ------
162 59 2979
[739] Corpo Diplomatico, XII, 14.
[740] Relazioni Venete, Serie I, T. V, p. 449.
[741] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[742] Páramo, p. 304.
[743] Cabrera, Relaciones, pp. 135, 141, 152, 227, 229.--Historia dos
principaes Actos, p. 261.
The wealth of the Portuguese New Christians rendered such a payment
an easy matter. In the memorial praying for pardon they admitted
themselves to be worth eighty millions of ducats and, when Juan Nuñez
Correa made an assessment among them, it was on the basis of seventy
five millions.--Verdades Catholicas contra Ficciones Judaicas § 9
(MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch Seld A, Subt. 17).
This is a memorial by Luys de Melo, dean of the Chapter of Braga,
written in 1652, when he was a refugee in the Spanish court. He had
probably been involved in the conspiracy against the Braganza dynasty,
for which the Archbishop of Braga, Sebastian de Noronha, was executed
in 1641. His paper is bitter against the New Christians but, as we
shall have occasion to see, it contains much that throws light on the
subject.
[744] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 926, fol. 119.--Corpo
Diplomatico Portugues, XII, 121.
[745] Cabrera, Relaciones, pp. 230-1.
[746] MSS. of Archivo municipal de Sevilla, Seccion especial, Siglo
XVIII, Letra A, Tomo 4.
A quarter of a century later, in an argument against granting a
similar pardon, we are told that the displeasure of God was not
delayed for, on the very day when this auto was postponed, the
silver fleet under Don Luis de Córdova was destroyed, inflicting an
irreparable loss on Spain.--MSS. of E. N. Adler (Revue des Etudes
Juives, No 99, p. 56).
[747] Historia dos principaes actos, pp. 261, 297, 315.
[748] MSS. of Library of Univ. of Halle, Yc, 20, T. I.
[749] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 942, fol. 60.
[750] Revista de Archivos, Marzo, 1903, p. 216.
[751] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 6.
[752] Pro Cautione Christiana, § 1 (MSS. of Bodleian Library, Arch
Seld, 130).
[753] Luys de Melo, Verdades Cathólicas, § 4--Bibl. nacional, MSS., D,
118, fol. 257, n. 68.
[754] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 6, n. 2, fol.
281, 341, 342.--Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 250, n. 66.
[755] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 257, n. 68.
[756] Breve Discurso contra a heretica perfidia do Judaismo, fol. 67,
172 (Lisboa, 1623).
[757] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 812, Lima, fol. 17.--In 1628
we find five refugees from Montemor earning their livelihood at
Huelva.--Ib. fol. 18.
[758] Historia dos principaes Actos, pp. 262-7, 298-301, 316-21. The
statistics of the respective tribunals are:--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 75 51 1231
Evora 73 56 1891
Coimbra 82 54 1873
--- --- ----
230 161 4995
The pardons of 1627 and 1630 are indicated by the discharge of all the
prisoners in the three Inquisitions (Ibidem, pp. 265, 299, 301, 319).
These pardons were bitterly fought over. See the documents printed by
E. N. Adler in _Revue des Etudes Juives_, No. 97, p. 66; No. 99, p.
54; No. 100, pp. 212, 216; No. 101, p. 99.
[759] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1260. fol. 1,
<small>I, § 11.
[760] See Adler's Documents, _Revue des Etudes Juives_, No. 100, p.
231.
[761] Luys de Melo, Verdades Cathólicas, § 4. This statement is
confirmed by a memorial of the New Christians, who complain that there
is scarce a town that is not depopulated; a single arrest suffices to
bring about the imprisonment of all the people.--Adler's Documents
(Revue des Etudes Juives, No. 97, p. 63).
[762] Verdades Cathólicas, § 5.--See Appendix.
[763] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 250, n. 66.
[764] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 250, n. 66.
[765] Verdades Cathólicas, § 6. The suggestions of the bishops, and
especially the expulsion of the New Christians, were the subject of
much debate and long consultas. See Adler's Documents in _Revue des
Etudes Juives_, No. 97, p. 67; No. 100, p. 217; No. 101, pp. 98, 115;
No. 102, p. 251.
[766] Verdades, § 7. There is probably an error as to the payment for
permission to emigrate. The New Christians in a memorial state that
to obtain it they took 240,000 ducats of government loans, and they
complain bitterly of the obstacles thrown in the way of their leaving
the kingdom.--Adler's Documents (Revue des Etudes Juives, No. 97, pp.
58-63; No. 100, pp. 224, 228).
[767] Verdades, ibidem, § 7.--It is remarkable that, at this period,
there was no arrangement for extradition between the two institutions
under the same crown. We have seen (Vol. I, p. 253) the concordia
entered into in 1544, which continued in force at least until 1580.
Subsequently it fell into abeyance and, in 1637, we find the Suprema
asking the tribunals what was their custom (Arch. hist. nac., Inq. de
Valencia, Leg. 9, n. 1, fol. 295). This was evidently in preparation
for an agreement made in 1638 for mutual extradition. The rebellion
of 1640 of course put an end to it, but after the independence of
Portugal was recognized, it was revived in 1669, though consultation
with the Suprema was prescribed before surrendering persons claimed.
All information asked for was to be freely exchanged, especially as
regarded limpieza (Ibidem, Leg. 10, n. 2, fol. 78).
[768] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1260, fol. 1,
<small>I, §§ 11; 30; <small>II, §§ 5, 31; fonds latin,
12930, fol. 131.
[769] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 20, fol. 150.--MSS. of Royal
Library of Copenhagen, 218^{b}, p. 240.
[770] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 21, fol. 67.
[771] Verdades Cathólicas, § 4, n. 4.
[772] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 49, fol. 45.
[773] Pellicer, Avisos históricos (Semanario erúdito, XXXI, 123).
[774] Corpo Diplomatico, XII, 360, 412, 416.--Historia dos principaes
Actos, pp 268-71, 300-1, 320-1.
There was some falling off in the work of the tribunals during the
decade 1641-50. The aggregates are:--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 37 14 341
Evora 5 9 632
Coimbra 8 36 143
--- ---- -----
50 59 1116
[775] Pellicer, Avisos históricos (Semanario erúdito, XXXII, 66,
188).--Llorente, Hist, crít., Cap. <small>XIX, Art. iii, n. 7.
[776] Antonio de Vieira, S. J., asserts this in a letter to the Regent
Pedro.--Relação exactissima, p. 140 (Veneza, 1750).
[777] Gams, Series Episcoporum, p. 102.--Anno historico Portuguez, II,
557.--Coleccion de Tratados de Paz; Felipe IV, Parte VII, pp. 485, 650.
[778] Printed in the "Noticias reconditas y posthumas del
Procedimiento de las Inquisiciones de España y Portugal," pp. 1-8
(Villafranca, 1722).
[779] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds latin, 12930, fol. 11. Under
this, Padre Antonio Vieira, S. J., must have been excommunicated for,
in the Public Library of Evora there is a MS. entitled "Razoes que o
Padre Antonio Vieira representou a D. João 4 a favor dos christãos
novos para se lhes perdoar a confisção dos bens sendo sentenceados no
Santo Officio."--Prof. Gottheil in _Jewish Quarterly Review_, Oct.,
1901, p. 89.
[780] Relação exactissima, p. 93 (Veneza, 1750).
[781] Historia dos principaes Actos, pp. 270-5, 300-3, 320-5. For the
years 1651-1673 the statistics are:--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 68 18 868
Evora 54 41 2201
Coimbra 62 -- 1724
---- ---- ----
184 59 4793
[782] Padre Vieira, Discurso demonstrativo, p 121 (Veneza, 1750).
[783] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds latin, 12930, fol. 108.
[784] Ibidem, fonds italien, 1241, fol. 76.
[785] J. Mendes dos Remedios, Os Judeus em Portugal, I, 347-52
(Coimbra, 1895).
[786] In the Lisbon auto of May 10, 1682, the acquittals were read
of eight victims who were pronounced innocent, after perishing in
prison (Bodleian Library, Arch Seld. A, Subt. 16). In one at Coimbra,
February 4, 1685, there were fifteen effigies burnt of prisoners who
had died during trial.--Historia dos principaes Actos, p. 327.
[787] I see no reason to doubt that the "Noticias reconditas y
posthumas del Procedimiento de las Inquisiciones de España y Portugal
con sus presos. En Villafranca, 1722" is an elaborate statement
drawn up by Vieira for Innocent XI. It appeared again under the
title of "Relação exactissima.... do Procedimento das Inquisiçois de
Portugal. Presentada a o Papa Ignocencio XI pello P. Antonio Vieira,
Da Companhia de Jesus. En Veneza con Licença do Santo Officio MDCCL."
It is no more bitter than his other writings on the subject, and its
somewhat florid style is natural to so popular a preacher.
The author of the "Authentic Memoirs concerning the Portuguese
Inquisition" (London, 1761 and 1769) gives on p. 47 a translation of
a passage of this work which he says he made from a well-attested MS.
in Portugal. There were, he adds, several copies in the handwriting of
Vieira, and also in that of a secretary of the Inquisition who fled to
Venice.
The Venice edition contains also two shorter papers by Vieira, one
entitled "Discurso Demonstrativo," addressed to a friend, and the
other "Discurso Segundo," addressed to the Regent Dom Pedro. They
bear internal evidence of genuineness and the latter is included in
the list of De Backer (Bibliothèque des Ecrivains de la Compagnie
de Jésus, V, 761-2), together with other MS. works of his in favor
of the New Christians. A number of such MSS. are preserved in the
Public Library of Evora.--Prof. Gottheil in _Jewish Quarterly Review_,
October, 1901, p. 89.
[788] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1241, fol. 44.
These official papers relating to the discussion in Rome were brought
to Paris by Cardinal d'Estrées, at that time ambassador to the papal
court.
[789] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1260, fol. 34.
[790] Ibidem, No. 1260, fol. 1, I, §§ 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 19, 24, 34,
36; fol. 34; No. 1241, fol. 34.
[791] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1241, fol. 12, 22, 24,
30, 33.
Vieira, in his letter to the Regent Pedro, asserts that of a hundred
negativos burnt there was not a single one guilty, and that this
must continue so long as the procedure remained unchanged.--Discurso
segundo, pp. 136-7.
[792] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1241, fol. 8, 9, 23.
[793] Bibl. nationale de France, fonds italien, 1241, fol. 127.
[794] Ibidem, fol. 42, 81, 159.
[795] Bullar. Roman. XI, 102, 198.--Historia dos principaes Actos, pp.
274, 324.
[796] Bullar. Roman. XI, 102, 198, 260; VII, 38.--Discurso
demonstrativo, p. 116.
[797] Historia dos principaes Actos, pp. 275-9, 303-5, 325-9. The
statistics are as follows:--
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 12 12 422
Evora 8 18 366
Coimbra 39 31 563
--- --- ----
59 61 1351
[798] Centinela contra Judíos, puesto en la Torre de la Iglesia,
Barcelona, 1731.
[799] Bibl. nacional, MSS., D, 118, fol. 227.
[800] Feyjoo, Theatro, T. VII, Discurso V, § vi.--Englishmen were long
reputed to have tails, in punishment for the murder of Thomas Becket.
[801] Cartas de Jesuitas (Mem. hist. español, XVIII, 237, 255, 371).
[802] Juan Adan de la Parra, Pro Cautione Christiana, fol. 31-2, 34,
38 (Matriti, 1633).
[803] Cartas de Jesuitas (Mem. hist. español, XIII, 85).--Historia de
Felipe IV, Lib. VI (Coleccion de Documentos, LXXVII, 380).--Adolfo de
Castro, Olivares y el Rey Felipe IV, pp. 133-4 (Cadiz, 1846).--Amador
de los Rios, III, 546-7.--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia,
Leg. 9, n. 2, fol. 224.
[804] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 4, n. 3, fol.
222.--For the document containing the royal decision I am indebted to
Elkan N. Adler Esq.
[805] Amador de los Rios, III, 521.
[806] Reusch, Die Indices des sechszehnten Jahrhunderts, pp. 235, 436.
[807] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 26, 28,
29, 31, 36.--Cartas de Jesuitas (Mem. hist. español, XVII,
419, 493).--Basnage, Histoire des Juifs, IX, 744 (La Haye,
1716).--Pellicer, Avisos históricos (Semanario erúdito, XXXIII, 210).
[808] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 33, 37.
[809] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg. 552, fol. 1.
[810] Ibidem, Lib. 812, Llerena, fol. 2-7. Cf. Ibidem, Cuenca, fol.
1-11; Lima, fol. 1 sqq.
[811] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Leg, 552, fol. 38.
[812] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[813] Relacion histórica de la Judería de Sevilla, pp. 94-8 (Sevilla,
1849).
[814] Procesos contra Diego Rodríguez Silva y Ana Enríquez (MSS.
_penes me_).
[815] Catálogo de las causas seguidas ante el tribunal de Toledo, p.
212 (Madrid, 1903).
[816] Proceso contra Angela Pérez (MS. _penes me_).
[817] Proceso contra Angela Núñez Marques (MS. _penes me_). Angela's
brother, Doctor Gerónimo Núñez Marques, was reconciled in the Madrid
auto of 1680, where he is described as "Médico de familia de su
Magestad."--Olmo, Relacion, p. 209.
[818] Proceso contra Angela Núñez Marques (MS. _penes me_).--Angela
was No. 17 of the Madrid auto of 1680 (Olmo, p. 211).
[819] _Ubi sup._ (MSS. _penes me_).
[820] Exortacion al Herege, fol. 6 (Bodleian Library, Arch Seld.
130).--Sermam do Auto da fé em 6 de Setembro do anno de 1705, p. 5
(Lisboa, 1705). This sermon was translated by Moses Mocatta, together
with a reply to it by Carlos Vero, London, 1845.
[821] Matute y Luquin, Autos de fe de Córdova.--Archivo hist.
nacional, Inquisicion de Toledo, Leg. 1.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq.,
Leg. 552.
[822] Archivo hist. nacional, Leg. 2, n. 10, fol. 1.
[823] Coleccion de Tratados de Paz; Carlos II, Parte I, p. 306.
[824] Libro XIII de Cartas, fol. 158, 191 (MSS. of Am. Phil.
Society).--Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 11, n. 2,
fol. 117; Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[825] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Valencia, Leg. 10, n. 2, fol. 89.
[826] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 49, fol. 345.
[827] Gabriel Llabrés (Boletin, XL, 152-4).
[828] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 595, fol. 1.
[829] Ibidem, Sala 40, Lib. 4, fol. 177.
[830] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 25, fol. 89.
[831] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 595, fol. 1; Lib. 69, fol.
69.--Taronji, Estado Social etc. de la Isla de Mallorca, pp. 241-2.
[832] Garau, La Fee triunfante, pp. 30-45, 49-50, 65-78,
111-22.--Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Lib. 68, fol. 258.
[833] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[834] Archivo de Simancas, Inq., Sala 39, Leg. 4, fol. 15, 23, 71.
[835] Matute y Luquin, Autos de fe de Córdova, pp. 212-16.
[836] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
In Portugal there was greater activity. The list of autos in the
"Historia dos principaes Actos," pp. 278-81, 304-7, 328-31, shows for
the twenty years, 1701-20,
Relaxed
In person. In effigy. Penanced.
Lisbon 26 14 961
Evora 2 458
Coimbra 11 10 707
--- --- ----
37 26 2126
[837] Bibl. nacional, MSS., B^{b}, 122.
[838] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[839] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548. The summary of penalties is:--
Relaxation in person 75
" " effigy 74
Reconciliation 595
Confiscation 782
Prison and sanbenito 597
Scourging 191
Galleys 49
Exile 73
Abjuration _de levi_ 24
" _de vehementi_ 23
[840] The distribution of the cases was:--
In 1721 57
1722 252
1723 224
1724 157
1725 89
1726 24
1727 17
It is probable that the year 1727 is not complete in this
collection.--Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[841] Matute y Luquin, _op. cit._, pp. 253-73.
[842] Archivo hist. nacional, Inq. de Toledo, Leg. 1.
[843] Bibl. nacional, MSS., S, 294, fol. 375.
[844] Royal Library of Berlin, Qt. 9548.
[845] Archivo de Alcalá, Hacienda, Leg. 544^{2} (Lib. 9).
The Inquisition of Portugal continued active. For the years 1721 to
1794, the last recorded, the statistics are (Historia dos principaes
Actos, pp. 280-91, 306-11, 332-9):--