2297. #habeō# is sometimes used with certain perfect participles to
express an action continuing in its consequences, #faciō#, #dō#, and in
old Latin #reddō# and #cūrō#, with a perfect participle, are emphatic
substitutes for the verb to which the participle belongs.
(_a._) #quae nōs nostramque adulēscentiam habent dēspicātam et quae nōs
semper omnibus cruciant modīs#, T. _Eu._ 383, _who hold us and our youth
in scorn and torment us in every way_. #in eā prōvinciā pecūniās magnās
collocātās habent#, _IP._ 18, _they have invested large funds in that
province_. #Clōdiī animum perspectum habeō, cōgnitum, iūdicātum#, _ad
Br._ 1, 1, 1, _Clodius’s mind I have looked into thoroughly, probed,
formed a judgement on_. #clausum lacū ac montibus et circumfūsum suīs
cōpiīs habuit hostem#, L. 22, 4, 5, _his enemy he had shut in by lake
and mountains and surrounded by his troops_. See also 1606.
(_b._) #missa haec face#, T. _Ad._ 906, _let this pass_. #vērum haec
missa faciō#, _RA._ 76, _but I let this pass_. #Mānlium missum fēcit#,
_Off._ 3, 112, _he let Manlius go_. #factum et cūrātum dabō#, Pl. _Cas._
439, _I’ll have it done and seen to_. #strātās legiōnēs Latīnōrum dabō#,
L. 8, 6, 6, _I will lay the Latin legions low_. #ego iam tē commōtum
reddam#, T. _Andr._ 864, _I’ll soon have you worked up_. #inventum tibī
cūrābō tu͡om Pamphilum#, T. _Andr._ 684, _I’ll have your Pamphilus
looked up for you_. In classical writers, #faciō# only is found in this
use and only with the participle of #mittō#; #dō# occurs in late
writers; #reddō# and #cūrō# only in old Latin. All these verbs are
usually in the future tense or its equivalent. For #volō#, #cupiō#, and
#nōlō# with the infinitive passive without #esse#, see 2229.
2298. The present participle is used predicatively with verbs signifying
_represent_, and with verbs denoting the exercise of the senses or mind:
as,
#facit Sōcratem disputantem#, _DN._ 1, 31, _he represents Socrates
discussing_. #quasi ipsōs indūxī loquentēs#, _L._ 3, _I have brought on
the men themselves as speaking_. #nōn illum miserum, īgnārum cāsūs suī,
redeuntem ā cēnā vidētis?# _RA._ 98, _do you not see the poor man,
little dreaming of his fate, returning from the dinner?_ #nōn audīvit
dracōnem loquentem#, _Div._ 2, 141, _he did not hear the serpent
speaking_. This use is found in Plautus, Terence, Cicero, Sallust,
Horace, Nepos, Vitruvius, and Livy. Once in Piso (consul 133 B.C.), as
cited by Gellius, 7, 9, 6. Verbs denoting the exercise of the senses or
mind take the accusative with the infinitive to denote the fact or
action; see 2175. For #audiō# with #cum#, see 1870. For the infinitive
without #esse# with verbs of emotion, see 2184.
2299. A passive with a verb meaning _represent_ is expressed, for lack
of a present passive participle, by the infinitive (2175). The
infinitive active is rare.
(_a._) #cōnstruī ā deō atque aedificārī mundum facit#, _DN._ 1, 19, _he
represents the world being put together and built by the gods_. (_b._)
#poētae impendēre saxum Tantalō faciunt#, _TD._ 4, 35, _the poets
represent a rock hanging over Tantalus_. Rarely the participle (2298)
and the infinitive are united: as, #Polyphēmum Homērus cum ariete
conloquentem facit eiusque laudāre fortūnās#, _TD._ 5, 115, _Homer
represents Polyphemus chatting with the ram and his envy of the ram’s
estate_. But the perfect infinitive active must be used when the action
is to be distinctly marked as completed, for lack of a perfect active
participle: as, #fēcit Dolābella Verrem accēpisse#, _V._ 1, 100,
_Dolabella represented Verres as having received_.