1965. The subjunctive with #ut# or #ut nōn# is used in clauses which
serve to complete the sense of certain verbs and expressions, chiefly of
bringing to pass, happening, and following.
Such are: (_a._) #faciō#, #efficiō# (unless they imply purpose, 1951);
#fit#, #accidit#, #contingit#, #ēvenit#, #est#, _it is the case_;
similarly #mōs est#, #cōnsuētūdō est#, &c. (_b._) #proximum est#,
#reliquum est#, #extrēmum est#, #relinquitur#, #restat#, #accēdit#. Or,
of logical sequence, #sequitur#, #efficitur#.
(_a._) #fēcērunt ut cōnsimilis fugae profectiō vidērētur#, 2, 11, 1,
_they made their march look exactly like a stampede_. #splendor vester
facit ut peccāre sine summō perīculō nōn possītis#, _V._ 1, 22, _your
conspicuous position makes it impossible for you to do wrong without
great peril_. #hīs rēbus fīēbat, ut minus lātē vagārentur#, 1, 2, 4, _so
it came to pass that they did not rove round much_. #fit ut nātūrā ipsā
ad ōrnātius dīcendī genus excitēmur#, _DO._ 2, 338, _it is sometimes the
case that we are roused to a loftier style in oratory by sheer
circumstance_. #potest fierī ut fallar#, _Fam._ 13, 73, 2, _it is
possible that I am mistaken_. #fierī nōn potest ut eum tū nōn
cōgnōverīs#, _V._ 2, 190, _it must be the case that you have made his
acquaintance yourself_. #eādem nocte accidit, ut esset lūna plēna#, 4,
29, 1, _it came to pass on the same night that there was a full moon_
(1758). #negāvit mōris esse Graecōrum ut in convīviō virōrum accumberent
mulierēs#, _V._ 1, 66, _he said it was not etiquette among the Greeks
for women to go to men’s dinner parties_. #est hōc commūne vitium in
līberīs cīvitātibus, ut invidia glōriae comes sit#, N. 12, 3, 3, _this
is a common trouble in free communities, that envy is the attendant of a
great name_.
(_b._) #proximum est, ut doceam#, _DN._ 2, 73, _my next task is to
prove_. #relinquēbātur ut neque longius ab āgmine legiōnum discēdī
Caesar paterētur#, 5, 19, 3, _the consequence was that Caesar could not
allow any very distant excursion from the main line of march_. #restat
ut doceam omnia hominum causā facta esse#, _DN._ 2, 154, _lastly, I must
prove that everything is made for man_. #accēdēbat ut tempestātem
ferrent#, 3, 13, 9, _then, too, they could stand the gale_. #accēdit ut#
is not found in old Latin; for #accēdit quod#, see 1845. #ita efficitur
ut omne corpus mortāle sit#, _DN._ 3, 30, _thus it follows that every
bodily substance is mortal_. #sequitur# and #efficitur#, _it follows_,
often have the accusative with the infinitive (2207). For the
subjunctive with #quam ut# after a comparative of disproportion, see
1896. For #fore# and #futūrum esse ut# as the periphrasis for the future
infinitive, see 2233.
1966. Verbs of happening may often be rendered best by compacter
expressions: thus, #hīs rēbus fīēbat ut#, _consequently_; #fit ut#,
_once in a while_, _sometimes_, _often_; #fierī potest ut#, _possibly_;
#accidit ut#, _accidentally_, _unfortunately_.
1967. #faciō ut#, or with a negative, commonly #committō ut#, is used in
circumlocutions for emphasis: as,
#faciundum mihī̆ putāvī, ut tuīs litterīs brevī respondērem#, _Fam._ 3,
8, 1, _I thought I ought to take hold and write a few lines in answer to
your letter_. #ego vērō nōn committam, ut tibī̆ causam recūsandī dem#,
_DO._ 2, 233, _no, no, sir, I will not be guilty, not I, of giving you
an excuse to back out_. So particularly with #invītus#, #libenter#,
#prope#: as, #invītus fēcī ut L. Flāminīnum ē senātū ēicerem#, _CM._ 42,
_it was with great reluctance that I expelled Flamininus from the
senate_.
1968. A subjunctive clause with #ut# is often used to define a preceding
idea indicated in a general way by a neuter pronoun: as,
#post eius mortem nihilō minus Helvētiī id, quod cōnstituerant, facere
cōnantur, ut ē fīnibus suīs exeant#, 1, 5, 1, _after his death the
Helvetians attempted just the same to carry out their resolution of
moving out of their abodes_ (1752). #omnibus Gallīs idem esse faciendum,
quod Helvētiī fēcerint, ut domō ēmigrent#, 1, 31, 14, _that all the
Gauls must do just as the Helvetians had done and move away from home_.
#Helvētiī, cum id, quod ipsī diēbus XX aegerrimē cōnfēcerant, ut flūmen
trānsīrent, illum ūnō diē fēcisse intellegerent, lēgātōs mittunt#, 1,
13, 2, _when the Helvetians learned that the Roman commander had done in
a single day what they had found it hard themselves to do in twenty,
namely cross the river, they sent deputies_ (1752). #id aliquot dē
causīs acciderat, ut subitō Gallī bellī renovandi cōnsilium caperent#,
3, 2, 2, _it was due to a variety of reasons that the Gauls suddenly
conceived the idea of making war again_ (1758). #hocine bonī esse
officium servī exīstumas, ut erī suī corrumpat et rem et fīlium?# Pl.
_Most._ 27, _is this what you think the duty of a good slave, to waste
his own master’s property and corrupt his son?_
1969. #tantum abest#, _so far from_, is sometimes followed by a double
#ut#, the first introducing an unreal, and the second a real action: as,
#tantum abest ut haec bēstiārum causā parāta sint, ut ipsās bēstiās
hominum grātiā generātās esse videāmus#, _DN._ 2, 158, _so far from
these things being made for brutes, we see that brutes themselves were
created for man_. This use, very rarely personal, begins with Cicero,
and is common in his writings and in Livy. Not in Caesar, Sallust, or
Tacitus. Sometimes instead of #ut# the second sentence is coordinated
(1700): #tantum abfuit ut īnflammārēs nostrōs animōs, somnum vix
tenēbāmus#, _Br._ 278, _so far from your firing our heart, we could
hardly keep awake_. Or, the idea is expressed by #ita nōn . . . ut#: as,
#erat ita nōn timidus ad mortem, ut in aciē sit ob rem pūblicam
interfectus#, _Fin._ 2, 63, _so far from being afraid of death, he fell
in battle for his country_.
[Erratum:
1965a ... splendor vester facit ut
word may be “voster”: major blot over text]