1342. (1.) Plural proper names of towns and of little islands are put in
the locative ablative to denote the place in or at which action occurs:
as,
#mortuus Cūmīs#, L. 2, 21, 5, _he died at Cumae_. #Athēnīs tenue caelum,
crassum Thēbīs#, _Fat._ 7, _in Athens the air is thin, at Thebes it is
thick_. #locus ostenditur Capreīs#, Suet. _Tib._ 62, _the place is
pointed out at Capreae_. Rarely with substantives of action (1301): as,
#mānsiō Formiīs#, _Att._ 9, 5, 1, _the stay at Formiae_. With an
attribute: #Athēnīs tuīs#, _Att._ 16, 6, 2, _in your darling Athens_.
#Curibus Sabīnīs#, L. 1, 18, 1, _at the Sabine Cures_.
1343. (2.) Singular proper names of towns with consonant stems are
oftener put in the locative ablative than in the locative proper: as,
#adulēscentium gregēs Lacedaemone vīdimus#, _TD._ 5, 77, _we have seen
the companies of young men in Lacedaemon_. #Karthāgine#, _Att._ 16, 4,
2, _at Carthage_. #Tībure#, H. _E._ 1, 8, 12, _at Tibur_. #Nārbōne#,
_Ph._ 2, 76, _at Narbo_. See 1331. So also #Acherunte#, Lucr. 3, 984,
_in Acheron_. #Calydōne et Naupāctō#, Caes. _C._ 3, 35, 1, _at Calydon
and Naupactus_, with #Naupāctō# attracted by #Calydōne#. With an
attribute: #Carthāgine Novā#, L. 28, 17, 11, _at New Carthage_.
#Acherunte profundō#, Lucr. 3, 978, _in vasty Acheron_.
1344. (3.) A few general appellatives are used in the locative ablative
without an attribute, especially in set expressions, to denote the place
where: as,
#terrā marīque#, _IP._ 48, _by land and sea_; less commonly #marī atque
terrā#, S. _C._ 53, 2, _by sea and land_. #dextrā Pīraeus, sinistrā
Corinthus#, Cael. in _Fam._ 4, 5, 4, _Piraeus on the right, Corinth on
the left_. Rarely, #rūre#, Pl. _Cas._ 110, H. _E._ 1, 7, 1, _in the
country_, for #rūrī# (1337). So #animō#, #animīs#, with verbs of
feeling: as, #angor animō#, _Br._ 7, _I am distressed in soul_, or _I am
heart-broken_. Metaphorically: #locō#, (_a._) _in the right place_, also
#suō locō#, or #in locō#. (_b._) #locō#, _instead_; #numerō#, _in the
category_, both with a genitive. #prīncipiō#, #initiō#, _in the
beginning_.
1345. Certain appellatives, with an attribute, often denote the place
where by the locative ablative; so especially #locō#, #locīs#, #rūre#,
#librō#, #librīs#, #parte#, #partibus#: as, #remōtō, salūbrī, amoenō
locō#, _Fam._ 7, 20, 2, _in a sequestered, healthy, and picturesque
nook_. #idōneō locō#, 3, 17, 5, _in an advantageous spot_. #inīquō
locō#, 5, 51, 1, _on unsuitable ground_. #campestribus ac dēmissīs
locīs#, 7, 72, 3, _in level and sunken places_. #rūre meō#, H. _E._ 1,
15, 17, _at my own country box_. #rūre paternō#, H. _E._ 1, 18, 60, J.
6, 55, _on the ancestral farm_. #aliō librō#, _Off._ 2, 31, _in another
book_.
1346. Substantives are often used in the locative ablative with #tōtus#
in agreement, less often with #cūnctus#, #omnis#, or #medius#, to denote
the place where: as, #tōtā Galliā#, 5, 55, 3, _all over Gaul_. #tōtīs
trepidātur castrīs#, 6, 37, 6, _there is a panic all over the camp_.
#omnibus oppidīs#, _V._ 2, 136, _in all the towns_. #omnibus oppidīs
maritimīs#, Caes. _C._ 3, 5, 1, _in all the seaports_. #mediā urbe#, L.
1, 33, 8, _in the heart of Rome_. But sometimes #in# is used, or the
accusative with #per#.
1347. (4.) With country names and most appellatives, the place where is
generally expressed by the ablative with #in#. But even without an
attribute, the ablative alone is sometimes used, especially in poetry:
as,
#Ītaliā#, V. 1, 263, _in Italy_, #lītore#, V. 1, 184, _upon the beach_,
#corde#, V. 1, 209, _in heart_, #pectore#, V. 1, 657, _in breast_,
#thalamō#, H. 1, 15, 16, _in bower_, #umerō#, V. 1, 501, _on shoulder_,
#Ēsquiliīs#, _DN._ 3, 63, _on the Esquiline_. Once in Plautus #Ālide#,
_Cap._ 330, _in Elis_, but eight times #in Ālide#.
1348. The locative ablative is sometimes used with such verbs as #teneō#
and #recipiō#: as, (_a._) #Ariovistus exercitum castrīs continuit#, 1,
48, 4, _Ariovistus kept his infantry in camp_. #oppidō sēsē
continēbant#, 2, 30, 2, _they kept inside the town_. (_b._) #oppidīs
recipere#, 2, 3, 3, _to receive inside their towns_. #rēx ecquis est,
qui senātōrem tēctō ac domō nōn invītet?# _V._ 4, 25, _is there a
monarch in the wide world that would not welcome a senator to house and
home?_
1349. The locative ablative is used with #fīdō# and #cōnfīdō#,
#glōrior#, #laetor#, #nītor#, #stō#, and with #frētus#: as, #barbarī
cōnfīsī locī nātūrā in aciē permānsērunt#, 8, 15, 1, _the natives,
trusting in the nature of their position, kept their stand in battle
array_. #superiōribus vīctōriis frētī#, 3, 21, 1, _relying on their
former victories_. For other constructions with these words, see the
dictionary.