1263. (1.) The genitive is used with many adjectives to denote the
object.
Such are chiefly adjectives meaning (_a._) _desirous_, (_b._) _knowing_,
or _remembering_, (_c._) _participating_, _controlling_, or _guilty_,
(_d._) _full_, and most of their opposites: as, (_a._) #aurī cupidus#,
Pl. _Poen._ 179, _eager for gold_. #sapientiae studiōsōs, id est enim
philosophōs#, _TD._ 5, 9, _devotees of wisdom, for that is what
‘philosophers’ means_. So also #aemulus#, #avidus#, #fastīdiōsus#,
#invidus#. (_b._) #gnārus rē̆ī pūblicae#, _Br._ 228, _familiar with
government_. #rē̆ī mīlitāris perītissimus#, 1, 21, 4, _a master of the
art military_. #hominēs adulēscentulōs, inperītōs rērum#, T. _Andr._
910, _mere hobbledehoys, not up in the world’s ways_. #imperītus mōrum#,
_RA._ 143, _behind the times_. #immemor beneficiōrum, memor patriae#,
_Ph._ 2, 27, _forgetful of kindnesses, never forgetting his country_. So
also #cōnscius#, #cōnsultus#, #īnscius#, #īnsolēns#, #īnsolitus#,
#īnsuētus#, #iēiūnus#, #prōvidus#, #prūdēns#, #rudis#. (_c._) #praedae
participēs#, Caes. _C._ 3, 82, 1, _sharing in the booty_. #manifestus
tantī sceleris#, S. _I._ 35, 8, _caught in committing this atrocious
crime_. #expers glōriae#, _IP._ 57, _without a share in the glory_. So
also #adfīnis#, #compos#, #cōnsors#, #exhērēs#, #potēns#, #reus#. (_d._)
#negōtī plēnus#, Pl. _Ps._ 380, _full of business_. #fōns plēnissimus
piscium#, _V._ 4, 118, _a fountain swarming with fish_. #refertō
praedōnum marī#, _IP._ 31, _when the sea was crammed with corsairs_. So
also #fertilis#, #inops#, #līberālis#, #nūdus#, #prōfūsus#.
1264. In poetry and late prose, a great many other adjectives of these
meanings, besides those mentioned above, are also used with the
genitive. Such are principally: (_a._) #avārus#, #cūriōsus#,
#incūriōsus#, #sēcūrus#. (_b._) #nescius#, #praesāgus#, #praescius#,
#scītus#. (_c._) #exsors#, #immūnis#, #impos#, #impotēns#, #innocēns#,
#innoxius#, #īnsōns#, #noxius#, #suspectus#. (_d._) #abundāns#, #dīves#,
#egēnus#, #inānis#, #indigus#, #largus#, #parcus#, #pauper#, #prōdigus#,
#sterilis#, #vacuus#.
1265. With #cōnscius# and the genitive of a thing, the dative of a
person is sometimes added: as, #tot flāgitiōrum exercituī meō cōnscius#,
Ta. 1, 43, _a participant with my army in so many outrages_. Sometimes
#cōnscius# has the dative of a thing: as, #mēns cōnscia factīs#, Lucr.
3, 1018, _the mind of guilt aware_.
1266. (2.) The genitive of the object is often used with present
participles which express permanent condition.
These participles are chiefly from verbs which have a transitive use.
Not common in old Latin: as, #amantem uxōris#, Pl. _As._ 857, _devoted
to his wife_, #fugitāns lītium#, T. _Ph._ 623, _inclined to dodge a suit
at law_. Very common in Cicero: as, #semper appetentēs glōriae praeter
cēterās gentīs fuistis#, _IP._ 7, _you have always been more hungry for
glory than any other nation_. Especially in set expressions: as, #homo
amantissimus patriae#, _Sull._ 34, #vir amantissimus rē̆ī pūblicae#,
_C._ 4, 13, _ever a devoted patriot_. #negōtī gerentēs#, _Sest._ 97,
_business men_. #aliēnī appetēns#, _DO._ 2, 135, S. _C._ 5, 4, _always
hankering after other people’s things_. In Caesar seldom: as, #fugiēns
labōris#, _C._ 1, 69, 3, _apt to shirk exertion_.
1267. The genitive is hardly ever found with adjectives in #-āx# (284):
as, #huius re͡i mendācem#, Pl. _As._ 855, _untruthful in this point_.
But in poetry, from Vergil and Horace on, and in late prose, a few
genitives occur with adjectives whose parallel verbs have a transitive
use, such as #capāx#, #edāx#, #tenāx#, &c.: as, #tempus edāx rērum#, O.
15, 234, _thou all-devourer--time_.
1268. Some of the adjectives which usually take the genitive have
occasionally other constructions.
Thus, with #adfīnis# the dative also occurs (1200), rarely with
#aemulus# (1183); the ablative with adjectives of fulness, as #dīves#,
#plēnus#, and #refertus# (1387); #iūre# with #cōnsultus# and #perītus#
(1385). For #vacuus#, &c., see 1306. Prepositional constructions also
occur with these adjectives, such as the accusative with #ad# or #in#,
or the ablative with #ab#, #dē#, or #in#: see the dictionary.
1269. For the genitive, with words denoting relationship, connection,
friendship, or hostility, see 1203; with #similis#, 1204. With #dignus#
and #indignus#, _worthy_ and _unworthy_, the ablative is regularly used
(1392); rarely the genitive: as, #nōn ego sum dignus salūtis?# Pl.
_Tri._ 1153, _don’t I deserve a greeting too?_ #indignus avōrum#, V. 12,
649, _unworthy of my sires_.
1270. (3.) In poetry and late prose, the genitive is used very freely
with many adjectives of various meanings, often merely to indicate what
they apply to: as,
#nēmō mīlitāris rē̆ī callidior habēbātur#, Ta. _H._ 2, 32, _at
soldiering nobody was thought to have a greater knack_. #vetus operis ac
labōris#, Ta. 1, 20, _an old hand at the toil and moil of army life_.
#aevī mātūrus Acestēs#, V. 5, 73, _Acestes, ripe in years_. #sērī
studiōrum#, H. _S._ 1, 10, 21, _what laggards at your books_. #integer
vītae scelerisque pūrus#, H. 1, 22, 1, _the man unspotted in his life
and clean of sin_. #fessī rērum#, V. 1, 178, _in travail spent_. #satin
tū sānu’s mentis aut animī tuī?# Pl. _Tri._ 454, _art thou quite right
in thy five wits?_ (1339).