798. Deponents, that is, verbs with passive person endings and a
reflexive or an active meaning (725), have these active noun forms:
participles, the future infinitive, the gerund, and the supines. The
perfect participle is usually active, but sometimes passive; the
gerundive always passive. The following is a synopsis of deponents:
+------------------------------------------------------------------+
| PRINCIPAL PARTS. |
| |
| queror, _complain_, querī, questus |
| mīror, _wonder_, mīrārī, mīrātus |
| vereor, _fear_, verērī, veritus |
| partior, _share_, partīrī, partītus |
+---------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| | I. -ī II. (1.) -ārī (2.) -ērī (3.) -īrī |
| | |
| | INDICATIVE MOOD. |
| _Pres._ | queror | mīror | vereor | partior |
| _Imp._ | querēbar | mīrābar | verēbar | partiēbar |
| _Fut._ | querar | mīrābor | verēbor | partiar |
| _Perf._ | questus sum | mīrātus sum | veritus sum | partītus sum |
| _Plup._ | questus | mīrātus | veritus | partītus |
| | eram | eram | eram | eram |
| _F. P._ | questus erō | mīrātus erō | veritus erō | partītus erō |
| | |
| | SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD. |
| _Pres._ | querar | mīrer | verear | partiar |
| _Imp._ | quererer | mīrārer | verērer | partīrer |
| _Perf._ | questus sim | mīrātus sim | veritus sim | partītus sim |
| _Plup._ | questus | mīrātus | veritus | partītus |
| | essem | essem | essem | essem |
| | |
| | IMPERATIVE MOOD. |
| | querere | mīrāre | verēre | partīre |
+---------+--------------------------------------------------------+
| | PARTICIPLES. |
| _Pres._ | querēns | mīrāns | verēns | partiēns |
| _Perf._ | questus | mīrātus | veritus | partītus |
| _Fut._ | questūrus | mīrātūrus | veritūrus | partītūrus |
| | |
| | INFINITIVE. |
| _Pres._ | querī | mīrārī | verērī | partīrī |
| _Perf._ | questus | mīrātus | veritus | partītus |
| | esse | esse | esse | esse |
| _Fut._ | questūrus | mīrātūrus | veritūrus | partītūrus |
| | esse | esse | esse | esse |
| | |
| | GERUND AND GERUNDIVE. |
| _Gen._ | querendī, | mīrandī, | verendī, | partiendī, |
| | &c. | &c. | &c. | &c. |
| | querendus | mīrandus | verendus | partiendus |
| | |
| | SUPINE. |
| _Acc._ | questum | *mīrātum | *veritum | *partītum |
| _Abl._ | *questū | mīrātū | *veritū | *partītū |
+---------+--------------------------------------------------------+
799. Three deponents in #-ior#, #-ī#, #gradior#, _walk_, #morior#,
_die_, and #patior#, _suffer_, and their compounds, have a present
system like the passive of #capiō# (784). But #adgredior# and
#prōgredior# and #morior# and #ēmorior# have sometimes the forms of
verbs in #-īrī#; for these, and for #orior#, _arise_, #orīrī#, #ortus#,
and #potior#, _become master of_, #potīrī#, #potītus#, see 791. By far
the largest number of deponents are verbs in #-ārī#, like #mīror#,
#mīrārī# (368).
800. Some verbs waver between active and passive person endings: as,
#adsentiō#, _agree_, #adsentīre#, and #adsentior#, #adsentīrī#;
#populō#, _ravage_, #populāre#, and #populor#, #populārī#: see 1481.
801. A few verbs are deponent in the present system only: as,
#dēvortor#, _turn in_, perfect #dēvortī#; #revortor#, _turn back_,
perfect #revortī#, but with active perfect participle #revorsus#. Four
are deponent in the perfect system only: #fīdō#, _trust_, #fīdere#,
#fīsus#, and the compounds, #cōnfīdō#, #diffīdō#; and #audeō#, _dare_,
#audēre#, #ausus#, #gaudeō#, _feel glad_, #gaudēre#, #gāvīsus#, and
#soleō#, _am used_, #solēre#, #solitus#. Most impersonals in #-ēre# have
both an active and a deponent form in the perfect system: see 815, 816.