517. (1.) Parisyllabic gender stems in #-i-# with the nominative in
#-is# are declined as follows:
+--------+-----------+------------+----------+----------+----------+
|Examples|tussis, |turris, |amnis, |hostis, | Stem |
| | _cough_, | _tower_, | _river_,| _enemy_,| and case |
| Stems | tussi-, | turri-, | amni-, | hosti-, | endings |
| | F. | F. | M. | M., F. | |
+--------+-----------+------------+----------+----------+----------+
|Singular| | | | | |
| _Nom._ | tussis | turris | amnis | hostis | -is |
| _Gen._ | tussis | turris | amnis | hostis | -is |
| _Dat._ | tussī | turrī | amnī | hostī | -ī |
| _Acc._ | tussim | turrim, -em| amnem | hostem | -im, -em |
| _Abl._ | tussī | turrī, -e | amne, -ī | hoste | -ī, -e |
+--------+-----------+------------+----------+----------+----------+
| Plural | | | | | |
| _Nom._ | tussēs | turrēs | amnēs | hostēs | -ēs |
| _Gen._ | | turrium | amnium | hostium | -ium |
| _Dat._ | | turribus | amnibus | hostibus | -ibus |
| _Acc._ | tussīs, | turrīs, | amnīs, | hostīs, | -īs, |
| | -ēs | -ēs | -ēs | -ēs | -ēs |
| _Abl._ | | turribus | amnibus | hostibus | -ibus |
+--------+-----------+------------+----------+----------+----------+
518. (_a._) Like the singular of #tussis# are declined parisyllabic
names of rivers and places, like #Tiberis#, #Hispalis#. Also #cucumis#,
M., _cucumber_ (but see 491), and the defectives #sitis#, F., _thirst_,
Ac. #sitim#, Ab. #sitī#, no plural; and #vīs#, F., _power_, Ac. #vim#,
Ab. #vī#. Plural (401): N. #vīrēs#, G. #vīrium#, D. and Ab. #vīribus#,
Ac. #vīrīs# or #vīrēs#. (The D. #vī# is only found twice; a N. and Ac.
Pl. #vīs# is very rare.)
519. (_b._) The following feminines are declined like #turris#, with
#-im# or #-em# in the accusative, and #-ī# or #-e# in the ablative:
clāvis, _key_
febris, _fever_
nāvis, _vessel_
puppis, _stern_
sēmentis, _planting_
strigilis, _skin-scraper_
So also in the oblique cases, #Liger#, _the Liger_. #Arar#, _the Arar_,
has in the accusative #-im#, in the ablative #-e# or #-ī#.
520. #secūris#, _axe_, #messis#, _crop_, and #restis#, _rope_, also have
#-im# or #-em# in the accusative, but only #secūrī#, #messe#, and
#reste# in the ablative. #canālis#, _conduit_, has only #-em# in the
accusative, and only #-ī# in the ablative.
521. (_c._) The following are declined like #amnis#, with #-em# in the
accusative, and #-ī# or #-e# in the ablative:
avis, _bird_
bīlis, _bile_
cīvis, _citizen_
classis, _fleet_
fūstis, _club_
ignis, _fire_
522. (_d._) Most parisyllabic stems in #-i-#, with the nominative in
#-is#, are declined like #hostis#: as,
#ēnsis#, M., _glaive_; #piscis#, M., _fish_; #aedis#, F., _temple_, Pl.
_house_ (418); #vītis#, F., _vine_; and a great many others. Also gender
forms of adjectives in #-i-# ‘of two endings’ (630), except the ablative
singular, which ends in #-ī#.
523. (2.) Parisyllables in #-i-# with the nominative in #-ēs# have their
other cases like those of #hostis#: such are:
#caedēs#, _bloodshed_; #cautēs#, _rock_; #clādēs#, _disaster_;
#indolēs#, _native disposition_, no Pl.; #lābēs#, _fall_; #mōlēs#,
_pile_; #nūbēs#, _cloud_; #prōlēs#, _offspring_, no Pl.; #pūbēs#, _young
population_, no Pl.; #rūpēs#, _crag_; #saepēs#, _hedge_; #strāgēs#,
_slaughter_; #subolēs#, _offspring_; #tābēs#, _wasting_, no Pl.,
feminines; and some others. Masculine: #verrēs#, _boar_; #volpēs# or
#vulpēs#, _fox_.
524. #famēs#, _hunger_, has G. twice #famī# (Cato, Lucil.), Ab. always
#famē# (603), no Pl.; #plēbēs#, _commons_, N. also #plēbs# or #plēps#,
has G. #plēbe͡i# (603), #plēbī# or #plēbis#, no Pl.
525. (3.) A few stems in #-bri-#, #-cri-#, or #-tri-#, are declined as
follows:
imber, _shower_, stem imbri-, M.
Singular: N. #imber#, G. #imbris#, D. #imbrī#, Ac. #imbrem#, Ab.
#imbrī#, oftener #imbre#. Plural: N. #imbrēs#, G. #imbrium#, D.
#imbribus#, Ac. #imbrīs# or #imbrēs#, Ab. #imbribus#. So also #lunter#
or #linter#, F. (M.), _tub_, _boat_, #ūter#, M., _leather bag_, and
#venter#, M., _belly_, but with only #-e# in the Ab.; and the masculine
of adjectives in #-bri-#, #-cri-#, #-tri-#, N. #-er# (628); these last
have in the Ab. always #-ī#.
526. (4.) Parisyllabic neuters in #-i-# with the nominative in #-e# are
declined as follows:
+--------+----------------------+-------------------+-------------+
|Examples| sedīle, _seat_, | mare, _sea_, | Stem and |
| Stems | sedīli-, Ne. | mari-, Ne. | case endings|
+--------+----------+-----------+----------+--------+-----+-------+
| | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | S. | Pl. |
| +----------+-----------+----------+--------+-----+-------+
| _Nom._ | sedīle | sedīlia | mare | maria | -e | -ia |
| _Gen._ | sedīlis | sedīlium | maris | | -is | -ium |
| _Dat._ | sedīlī | sedīlibus | marī | | -ī | -ibus |
| _Acc._ | sedīle | sedīlia | mare | maria | -e | -ia |
| _Abl._ | sedīlī | sedīlibus | marī | | -ī | -ibus |
+--------+----------+-----------+----------+--------+-----+-------+
527. #mare# has rarely the ablative #mare# in verse: in the plural only
the nominative and accusative are usual; but a genitive #marum# is once
quoted (Naev.), and the ablative #maribus# is once used by Caesar.
528. Examples of parisyllabic neuters in #-i-#, with the nominative in
#-e#, genitive #-is#, are:
#ancīle#, _sacred shield_; #aplustre#, _ancient_; #conclāve#, _suite of
rooms_; #īnsīgne#, _ensign_; #praesaepe#, _stall_; #rēte#, _net_, Ab.
#rēte#. Also the neuter of adjectives in #-i-# ‘of two endings’ (630),
and some words in #-īle#, #-āle#, #-āre#, originally adjectives (313,
314): as, #būbīle#, _ox-stall_; #fōcāle#, _neckcloth_; #cocleāre#,
_spoon_.
[Erratum:
522. (_d._)
(_d_)]