is of fine-grained stone. Shown in Fig. 513. There are quite a number
of these little images from Wolpi and Zuni; as they appear to
represent rabbits, it is presumed that they are quite old, and
possibly antedate the introduction of domestic animals among the
tribes.
1496. (42296). Small paint muller of jasper.
1497. (42297). Square quartzitic paint muller.
1498. (42298). Triangular paint rubber of quartz.
1499-1503. 1499, (42299), quartz; 1500, (42300); 1501, (42301); 1502,
(42303); and 1503, (42304), are all quartz paint pestles made from
half sections of small semi spherical boulders; the large end, which
is flat, being used for the grinding part.
1504. (42305). Part of a grooved axe.
1505. (42306). Rubbing stone with four rubbing surfaces.
1506. (42262). Fig. 512. This undoubtedly represents some animal.
1507. (42263). Fig. 510. This evidently represents some animal other
than the rabbit. The body is long and slender, and is provided with a
tail.
1508. (42264). Small sandstone image, which is a good representation of
a bear; grooved around the neck, with mouth and eyes and short tail.
None of these little images are provided with anything more than short
stubs for limbs.
1509. (42265). Very small sandstone image, quite similar to No. 1507.
1510. (40114). Wolpi neck ornament, Fig. 511, _hu-wat-he-qua-ve_, of red
slate stone notched at each end, as shown in the cut, and perforated
at the upper edge to receive a cord, with which it is suspended to the
neck. Though a rare ornament, it possesses no particular known
significance.
ARTICLES OF CLAY.
_WATER VASES._
These are of the usual form, and for the most part of the usual size
found at Zuni; but there are also a number of very large specimens of
the white ornamented, black, and red ware, having a capacity of ten or
twelve gallons.
White decorated ware:
1511. (41356). Decorations exactly the same type as that shown in Fig.
359, except that there is a regular meander around the shoulder. The
type is shown in Fig. 514.
[Illustration:
Fig. 509 (42257) (1/2)
Fig. 510 (42263) (1/2)
Fig. 511 (40114) (1/2)
Fig. 512 (42262) (1/3)
Fig. 513 (42261) (1/3)
Figs. 509-513.--Wolpi Pipe, Effigies, and Ornament.]
[Illustration:
Fig. 514 (41602) (1/4)
Fig. 514.--Wolpi Water Vase]
[Illustration:
Fig. 515 (40646) (1/7)
Fig. 516 (42374) (1/7)
Figs. 515, 516.--Wolpi Cooking Pots.]
The following belong to the same type as the above, the variations being
but slight, the large circular space with scroll being the chief
characteristic:
1512. (41601). Figure on the neck as on the body of Fig. 372.
1513. (41602). Shown in Fig. 514.
1514. (41603). The block containing the smaller circle is here solid and
square; there is a zig-zag band around the neck as on the margins of
some Zuni bowls.
1515. (41604). This varies in having in place of the block with the
small circle, a regularly checkered block.
1516. (41606). This has only the large diamond figures on the body, and
a band of s's round the shoulder.
1517. (41607). Like No. 1514.
1518. (41454). With handles on sides; fringe-like band around the
shoulder.
1519. (41455). Simple linear band around the body.
1520. (41456). Figures of a trident or three-pronged fork; and ladle on
the body.
The following are plain brown and red ware, some of them very large. The
neck is but slight, and they are often more pot-shaped than olla form.
Without ornamentation.
Brown or red.
1521-1533. 1521, (41632); 1522, (41633); 1523, (41635); 1524, (41636);
1525, (41637); 1526, (41638); 1527, (41639); 1528, (41640); 1529,
(41641); 1530, (41642); 1531, (41643); 1532, (41649); 1533, (41650).
1534. (41644).
1535. (40646). Fig. 515.
1536. (41647).
1537. (41648).
1538. (42374). Very large pot, used for cooking. Name, _nu-a-mash-pe_.
Represented in Fig. 516.
_WATER JUGS AND JARS._
These are similar to those obtained at Zuni; sub-globular in form, one
side more distinctly flattened on which to lie, the other very convex.
Usually with two handles, sometimes loops, and sometimes studs or knobs.
Occasionally ornamented white ware, but most generally unadorned brown
or red ware. The latter showing, on some pieces, at least, a slight,
perhaps accidental, glazing. They vary in size from six or seven gallons
down to less than a pint.
As the various figures used in decorations have been described, only
those which are unusual will be noticed here.
White decorated ware:
1539. (41320). Underside as usual, blown. Scalloped band in direction of
mouth and handle, transverse double scalloped band across the upper
half.
1540. (41362). Similar to the last.
1541. (41342). Simple bands and scrolls.
1542, 1543. 1542, (41401) and 1543, (41447). Similar.
Brown ware without ornamentation:
1544-1567. 1544, (41321); 1545, (41322); 1546, (41323); 1547, (41324);
1548, (41325); 1549, (41326); 1550, (41327); 1551, (41328); 1552
(41329); 1553, (41330); 1554, (41331); 1555, (41332); 1556, (41333);
1557, (41334); 1558, (41335); 1559, (41336); 1560, (41337); 1561,
(41338); 1562, (41339); 1563, (41340); 1564, (41341); 1565, (41343);
1566, (41344); 1567, (41345).
1568-1569. 1568, (41609) and 1569, (41611). These have only the large
diamond figures on the body, and a zig-zag line around the neck.
1570. (41610). The large diamonds serrate on the outer margin; neck with
doubly oblique serrate lines.
1571. (41613). As in Fig. 514, except that the neck, instead of the
zigzag, has oblique diamonds.
1572. (41614). This varies from the preceding in having only a narrow
scalloped band around the neck.
1573. (41620). Only the large scrolls, nothing on the neck.
1574. (41622). Similar to the preceding, except that each alternate
scroll is replaced by a rosette in a circle.
1575. (41615). Like No. 1515, except that the neck has a scalloped band
with birds' heads.
1576. (41618). Large diamonds on the body alternately with rosettes, by
the side of which is a bird.
1577. (41621). Similar to Fig. 514, except that the black has no circle
in it.
1578. (41358). Small with a broad checkered band around the body.
1579. (41605). With narrow scalloped band around the neck; triangular
figures pointing to right and left on the body with cross lines
between the bases.
1580. (41608). Outline figures of terraced hills with cactus growing
from them, and curved scalloped lines above.
1581. (41612). Scalloped band around the neck; oblique, heavy, double
diamond figures with scrolls on the body.
1582. (41617). No decorations on the neck; body with the spear points or
long triangles, and serrate oblique lines as on Zuni bowls.
1583. (41616). Line of little circles on the neck; triangles of lines,
pointing to the left on the body.
1584. (41619). Similar in form and decorations to Fig. 371 (Zuni),
except that the upper side of the band is formed of triangles instead
of scrolls.
1585. (41629). This is really a double-handled jar.
1586. (41630). Scalloped band around bottom, serrated squares near rim.
[Illustration:
Fig. 517 (41364) (1/4)
Fig. 518 (41363) (1/3)
Fig. 519 (41366) (1/3)
Figs. 517-519.--Wolpi Vessels.]
1587. (41631). Scrolls on the neck; birds with crest feathers, and
flowers on the body.
1588. (41634). Very small, with numerous scalloped lines arranged in
diamond form.
1589. (41644). Series of double perpendicular scallops.
1590. (41468). Similar to No. 1586.
_TOY-LIKE WATER VESSELS._
The following are very small water vessels, probably intended for
children:
1591. (41449). Figures of birds on body.
1592. (41450). The usual diamond and scroll on body.
1593-1603. 1593, (41346); 1594, (41347); 1595, (41348); 1596, (41349);
1597, (41350); 1598, (41351); 1599, (41352); 1600, (41353); 1601,
(41354); 1602, (41355); 1603, (41448).
Small toy canteens:
1604-1607. 1604, (41439); 1605, (41440); 1606, (41442); 1607, (41443).
The following three are cup-shaped, with an ear on each side to which to
attach a string, the top is closed, with a round orifice in the middle,
and they are either medicine or little paint vessels and not canteens,
as given in the original field catalogue:
1608-1610. 1608, (41444); 1609, (41445); 1610, (41446).
Water jugs and bottles are of various forms, which will be described
under their respective numbers. They are usually of the white decorated
ware. The brown ware is always undecorated.
1611. (41363). See Fig. 518.
1612. (41364). Brown ware shown in Fig. 517.
1613. (41365). Brown ware, cylindrical, constricted in the middle and
with small orifice.
1614. (41393). Without handle.
1615. (41366). Fig. 519. A water jar made in imitation of a common gourd
cultivated by many of the Pueblo tribes. The body is ornamented on
both sides with a curved line and birds, as seen in the figure. A
small circular orifice is left at the base of the handle.
1616. (41367). As in Fig. 520.
1617. (41368). Shown in Fig. 522.
1618-1619. 1618, (41369), and 1619, (41370). Similar to the preceding.
1620. (41407). Regularly shaped jug with handle decorated with
geometrical figures.
1621. (41433). Brown ware, regular jug with two handles.
1622. (41434). Similar to preceding, but without handles.
1623. (41469). Bottle shaped. Brown ware. Represented in Fig. 521.
The following are similar:
1624-1628. 1624, (41373); 1625, (41374); 1626, (41375); 1627, (41376);
1630, (41377).
1629. (41393). Brown ware, with single constriction, without handle.
1630. (41394). Similar.
_CUPS._
Those obtained were chiefly very small. As will be seen, the ladle to a
very large extent supplies with this people the place of the cup.
1631. (41409). Regular handled cup; white ware, with a broad band in
which are white crescents.
1632. (41461). Shaped as preceding. White ware, all except a marginal
uncolored band marked with cross or checkered lines.
1633. (41526). Small white ware, outside without decorations; scalloped
marginal band inside; with handle.
1634. (41527). Sides straight; with handle, decorated on the outside
with triangular figures so common on bowls.
1635. (41430). With similar decorations.
Toy cups. Usually brown ware without ornamentation:
1636. (41415). White ware with a band of scrolls.
1637-1641. 1637, (41417); 1638, (41426); 1639, (41427); 1640, (41428);
1641, (41429). These five are brown ware.
1642. (41435). A pretty pitcher-shaped vessel ornamented with interlaced
or cross lines forming a regular net-work.
_EATING-BOWLS._
The bowls vary in size, as do those from Zuni, but as a general rule
they are small, or of but medium size; quite a number of those obtained
are very small. In form they are generally like those from Zuni, but
some are biscuit-shaped, as those from Tesuke; others are true basins;
and a few are square, and perhaps should not be classed as bowls, though
we have included them under that general term. The decorations on the
larger ones of regular form are very similar to those seen on Zuni
bowls. The colors black and red or brown are usually lighter and
brighter than on the Zuni pottery:
1643. (41357). Regular Form. Decorations on the inner face only;
marginal zigzag line, with diamond and scroll below.
1644. (41359). Outer and inner surface decorations as in Fig. 412.
1645. (41361). Decorations only a double-scalloped inner marginal band.
1646. (41400). Very small; a simple inner band.
1647. (41463). Small. This and the following small specimens are
decorated on the inside with what appears to be intended for an Indian
head, with a tuft of hair.
1648-1653. 1648, (41464); 1649, (41465); 1650, (41467); 1651, (41529);
1652, (41530); 1653, (41534).
1654-1657. 1654, (41538); 1655, (41539); 1656, (41589); 1657, (41565).
1658. (41466). No outer decorations; inner surface with the usual
diamond and scroll figure.
[Illustration:
Fig. 520 (41367) (1/3)
Fig. 521 (41469) (1/3)
Fig. 522 (41368) (1/3)
Figs. 520-522.--Wolpi Water Jars.]
1659-1660. 1659, (41528); 1660, (41531).
1661. (41540). Shown in Fig. 523.
1662-1663. 1662, (41541), and 1663, (41599), are marked only with a
broad inner marginal band of geometrical figures.
1664. (41532). No outer decorations; inner with diamond and scroll and
triangular figures.
The following have the outer surface decorated as in the Zuni pattern,
shown in Figs. 416 and 417. The inner decorations vary slightly.
With crenate or zigzag line on inner margin, and scroll diamond, or
scrolls only:
1665-1671. 1665, (41544); 1666, (41547); 1667, (41562); 1668, (41568);
1669, (41576); 1670, (41590); 1671, (41577).
With similar marginal band and pentagonal scrolls and bird:
1672-1673. 1672, (41548), and 1673, (41549).
1674. (41550). With inner marginal band of geometrical figures; no other
inner decorations.
1675. (41561). Broad marginal band only.
1676. (41574). Inside with crenate marginal band; geometrical figures
below.
1677. (41584). Heavy, scalloped inner band with T-shaped spaces in the
scallops. Scrolls below.
1678. (41581). Broad checkered inner band only.
1679. (41592). Similar checkered band with scroll figures below.
1680. (41596). With terraced marginal band, and terraced or pyramidal
figures below.
1681. (41627). Marginal band of geometrical figures only.
1682. (41543). Biscuit-shaped. Outside with three rows or bands of large
serratures.
1683. (41545). No outer decorations; inner crenate marginal line;
scrolls and diamond below. The following are similar:
1684-1697. 1684, (41554); 1685, (41558), marginal band of lance points;
1686, (41564); 1687, (41567); 1688, (41569); 1689, (41573); 1690,
(41575); 1691, (41578); 1692, (41579); 1693, (41582); 1694, (41585);
1695, (41588); 1696, (41591), this has also the triangular bird; 1697,
(41623).
1698. (41551). No outer decorations; zigzag marginal line; flowers and
lines below.
1699. (41552). This has a very pretty design on the outside, a band of
diamonds, a little cross in each, and a dotted line above and below.
The inner decorations of this and the following consist of a broad
band only, of geometrical or architectural figures. Outer decorations
various, which alone are mentioned.
1700-1701. 1700, (41553), bird in a wreath; 1701, (51555), lines of
crescent.
1702-1703. 1702, (41556), and 1703, (41563). Same as the preceding.
1704. (41570). Similar to the preceding, with scroll band below.
1705. (41572). Triangular figures.
1706. (41597). Scalloped lines arranged in large diamonds, with a flower
in the center of the diamond.
1707. (41626). Scrolls and crescents.
1708. (41628). Same as No. 1706.
1709. (41559). Checkered band and scrolls inside, band of crescents
outside.
1710. (41566). Inner marginal band as in outer decorations found on Zuni
bowls.
1711. (41571). No outer decorations; inner geometrical figures but no
band.
1712. (41593). Checkered band, and scrolls inside; broad marginal band
with lower side scalloped.
1713. (41594). With no outer figures; radiating simple and serrate lines
inside.
1714. (41595). No outer decorations; scalloped or crenate band, and
geometrical figures on inner surface.
1715. (41600). No outer decorations; birds and flowers or rosettes.
1716. (41625). No outer decorations; inside with successive scallops,
and the conventional bird form between squares, one above the other.
1717-1718. 1717, (41560), and 1718, (41624). Brown ware without
ornamentation.
Minute bowls, usually without decoration, but sometimes figured,
especially on the outside, with simple outline figures.
1719-1727. 1719, (41418); 1720, (41419); 1721, (41421); 1722, (41422);
1723, (41423); 1724, (41424); 1725, (41457); 1726, (41458); 1727,
(41459), with short handle; the decoration in this is true
herring-bone pattern.
1728. (41460). Square basins. These are comparatively small and resemble
in shape a common knife-basket or tray, but without handle or
division.
1729. (41533). Outside with figures of birds, flowers and diamonds.
1730. (41535). Outer band with scrolls along the under edge or margin;
diamond with scroll on inside.
1731. (41537). Inside similar to No. 1730; outside usual triangular
figures.
1732. (41536). Outside similar, inside with four faces in outline.
1733. (41542). Plain brown.
1734. (41546). Outside the usual triangular figures; inside bird figures
and slender leaf-stalks.
1735. (41557). Outside triangular figures; inside double scroll.
1736. (41586). Outside oblique, double serrate bands; inside broad
marginal checkered band; bottom four faces.
[Illustration:
Fig. 523 (41540) (1/3)
Fig. 524 (41385) (1/2)
Fig. 525 (41518) (1/2)
Figs. 523-525.--Wolpi Eating Bowl, Cooking Vessel and Ladle.]
_COOKING VESSELS._
These are usually unadorned and of brown or black ware. The number
obtained was not large, and they vary greatly in character. They are
generally of medium size or small, and some which appear to be used as
cooking vessels have a handle on the side and resemble pitchers and
cups. Some have two handles and are shaped like an urn or olla; others
appear to be true pots. The want of uniformity among this tribe in the
use of vessels of this kind renders its difficult to class them
according to use. I will, therefore, group them according to form.
Except one or two of the little pots none of them are ornamented.
Pot-shaped vessels:
1737-1739. 1737, (41360); 1738, (41379); 1739, (41385); two handles as
in Fig. 524.
1740-1741. 1740, (41380), and 1741, (41405). Without handle, the latter
possibly used as a drinking vessel.
1742-1746. 1742, (41381); 1743, (41382); 1744, (41383); 1745, (41384);
1746, (41386); each with a handle on one side; they resemble pitchers
or cups.
_TOY-LIKE VESSELS._
1747. (41416). Like a small water-vessel.
1748. (41442). Olla-shaped, with handles; decorated with a band of loops
around the middle.
1749. (41451). Olla.
1750-1751. 1750, (41452), and 1751, (41453). Cylindrical jars without
handles.
1752-1753. 1752, (41293), and 1753, (41294). Large black Cooking pots of
the usual shape.
1754. (42367). Flat jar-shaped vessel, red ware, with regular ears on
the sides with holes through them. Cooking vessel; new.
1755. (42369). Small globular red bowl, half burned.
1756. (42370). Part of a corrugated vessel. It is yellow, but partly
burned; it looks fresh and new, but is really old, having been out of
the ground of old ruins near Wolpi.
_LADLES._
Of these vessels, which are extensively used by the Shinumos, there are
various forms with an almost endless variation in decoration, being
generally of ornamented white ware. Some of them bear a strong
resemblance to the skillets used on cooking stoves, the handle being
looped, but the bowl is more saucer-shaped. Others, as shown in Figs.
527 and 529, are evidently fashioned after gourds. Some are somewhat of
the form shown in Figs. 439 and 440, but the handle is more distinct.
Others are true cup-shaped vessels, with the handles projecting from the
middle of the side. A few are double with a single handle.
Skillet-shaped vessels. Usually decorated in the bowl. As these figures
are generally similar to those already described, special notice will be
taken only of such forms as vary from the normal shape and figures.
1757-1758. 1757, (41396), and 1758, (41395). Gourd shaped; similar to
those shown in Figs. 527 and 529.
1759-1760. 1759, (41378), and 1760, (41397). Outside covered with
checkers.
1761. (41398). Outside covered with scrolls.
1762. (40408). Outside decorated with oblique serrate lines.
1763. (41411). Ladles with two bowls. Handle with the head of an animal,
probably a wild-cat, at the tip; figures of birds in the bowls.
1764. (41412). Shown in Fig. 528.
1765. (41413). Handle broken; bowls with only a scalloped marginal band.
1766-1767. 1706, (41470); 1767, (41476). Cup-shaped, with short handles;
shaped like a small olla.
1768. (41477). Handle with animal head on the tip; outside covered with
checkered figures.
1769. (41479). Handle as in the preceding; oblique, doubly serrate lines
on outside of bowl.
1770-1772. 1770, (41480); 1771, (41481); 1772, (41482); face in the bowl
of the last.
1773-1774. 1773, (41483), and 1774, (41484); the handle of the latter
represents an animal's head, with face turned toward the bowl.
1775-1777. 1775, (41388); 1776, (41389); 1777, (41425). The handle of
this represents, in shape, the head of a woman and child, and the bowl
contains the figures of two faces.
1778-1783. 1778, (41462); 1779, (41471); 1780, (41472); 1781, (41473);
1782, (41474); 1783, (41475). The last of these has a minute head of a
woman on the end of the handle, which is solid.
1784-1785. 1784, (41485), and 1785, (41486). Bowls elaborately
ornamented with geometrical figures and a circle of serratures, in
which is a figure resembling a duck with spread wings seen from above.
1786-1788. 1786, (41487); 1787, (41488); 1788, (41489); the last with a
woman's head on the tip of the solid handle.
1789-1793. 1789, (41498); 1790, (41499); 1791, (41508); 1792, (41514);
1793, (41490). The last of these as also the following seven pieces
have bent, gourd-like handles, slightly curved or hooked at the end,
solid and somewhat rounded.
1794-1800. 1794, (41491); 1795, (41492); 1796, (41493); 1797, (41494);
1798, (41496); 1799, (41497); 1800, (41500).
1801. (41495). Like No. 1788, as are also the following ten specimens:
1802-1811. 1802, (41502); 1803, (41504); 1804, (41505); 1805, (41507);
1806, (41515) 1807, (41518), Fig. 525; 1808, (41519); 1809, (41522);
1810, (41523); 1811, (41525).
1812. (41506). This is square; an unusual form.
[Illustration:
Fig. 526 (41410) (1/2)
Fig. 527 (41396) (1/2)
Fig. 528 (41412) (1/3)
Fig. 529 (41395) (1/3)
Fig. 530 (41392) (1/3)
Figs. 526-530.--Wolpi Ladles and Basket.]
1813-1822. 1813, (41509); 1814, (41510); 1815, (41511); 1816, (41512);
1817, (41513); 1818, (41516); 1819, (41517); 1820, (41520); 1821,
(41521); 1822, (41503).
1823-1824. 1823, (41524), and 1824, (41501). Shaped somewhat like an
oyster-shell.
1825. (41399). Water vessel in the shape of a bird, with tail and wings
represented.
1826. (41406). Cup with bird's head on one side, tail opposite, and
slight projections to represent wings on the side. Brown ware.
1827. (41410). A double cup or ladle shown in Fig. 526.
1828. (41414). Like Fig. 531, ornamented with oblique scalloped stripes
on outside; geometrical figures inside.
1829-1830. 1829, (41431), and 1830, (41432). Square salt-boxes; the
former of white ware, with square figures on the outside; the latter
brown, unornamented.
1831. (41436). Cup-shaped basket, brown ware; woman's head on top of
handle.
1832. (41437). Similar basket, white ornamented ware, handle plain.
1833. (41437). Similar small, brown, cup-shaped basket.
1834. (41478). Biscuit-shaped bowl, with ornamental diamonds on outside.
_MISCELLANEOUS._
1835. (41371). Basket similar to those used by the Zunians in sacred
dances, with terraced margin, plain band inside, and comb-like figures
outside.
1836. (41372). Similar basket, bottom flat, and sides straighter than
the preceding, decorated on the outside with oblique double serrate
stripes.
1837-1838. 1837, (41387), and 1838, (41392). Baskets with straight
margins, both with geometrical figures on the outside. The latter is
shown in Fig. 530.
1839. (41390). Fig. 532, water-vase with bowl-shaped base.
1840. (41391). Fig. 531 Basin with looped handle arising from the center
of the inside; ornamented white ware.
_STATUETTES._
The clay images or statuettes obtained from the Shinumo pueblos are not
objects of worship as supposed by many persons, but appear to be used to
adorn their dwellings just as similar articles are used by civilized
races. This is evident from their form and ornamentation which rudely
represent the ordinary clothing worn by these Indians, and in the female
figures the usual mode of wearing the hair either in a bunch at the back
of the head or in two wheel-shaped knots at the sides. In a few
instances ear ornaments, made of pieces of shells or beads, are found
attached to the ears.