(Repulse Bay); 64-67 (Gore Bay; too fleet for a greyhound); 70,
74, 76, 77, 80, 82 (Lyon Inlet and vicinity); 119, 123, 130,
144, 203, 212 (Winter Island; food of Eskimos; bows made of
antlers; use of sinews; deerskin clothing); 192-198, 217, 221,
223, 229, 238, 241, 282-283, 311-317 (Melville Peninsula, E.
coast; deerskin clothing of Eskimos); 257, 269-270 (near Fury
and Hecla Strait; buck shedding velvet, September 4); 324, 327
(Eskimo use of antlers in sledges and bows); 336 (Melville
Peninsula, in summer; voice; inquisitiveness); 336-337 (Eskimo
hunting with bow and spearing in water); 415, 419-423, 430, 436
(near Igloolik, Melville Peninsula, in June).
"Deer" or "reindeer": Parry, 1824: 42 (Southampton Island); 52,
61, 69, 71, 72, 83, 84, 92, 101, 106-108, 214, 230, 235, 236,
245, 254, 265 (s. Melville Peninsula and vicinity); 289, 305,
308, 324, 329, 332, 339, 343, 434, 438, 439, 441, 446, 447,
453-460 (Fury and Hecla Strait); 289 (stomach contents eaten by
Eskimos); 305 (estimated weight 220 lb.); 380 (venison supplied
by Eskimos); 403 (15 deer killed by an Eskimo during a summer);
494-497 (deerskin clothing of Eskimos, Melville Peninsula); 505
(their dependence on reindeer for food); 508 (Eskimo spear for
killing deer in water); 512 (Eskimo methods of hunting deer);
513 (numerous, Cockburn Land); 537 (Eskimo use of skins and
sinew).
_Cervus tarandus_ L.: Richardson, "1825" (= 1827?): 326 (native
names); 327-328 (antler growth and change); 328 (rutting season
and strong-tasting meat, about beginning of October; warble
flies); 328-329 (migrations, in relation to attacks of parasitic
flies and to food; does precede on northward migration); 329
(fawns born in May and June; stragglers in every part of the
country at all seasons); 330 (utilization of Caribou--including
fly larvae--as food by natives; nostril flies); 331 (marrow used
as hair-dressing by native women).
_Cervus tarandus_. . .: J. C. Ross, 1826: 94 (North Somerset
Island).
"Rein-deer": Franklin, in Franklin and Richardson, 1828: 54, 57,
60, 64, 71, 72, 288 (Great Bear Lake).
"Rein-deer": Richardson, in Franklin and Richardson, 1828: 200
(sinews used in Eskimo bows); 209, 218 (between Mackenzie River
and Cape Dalhousie); 224 (Liverpool Bay); 231 (E. of Cape
Bathurst); 241, 246 (near Cape Lyon); 249 (Cape Young); 255
(Dolphin and Union Strait); 269-273 (lower Coppermine River);
275 (stalking device of Hare Indians); 277 (Dease River); 282
(Great Bear Lake).
_Cervus tarandus_, var. [Greek: alpha] _arctica_ Richardson:
Richardson, 1829: 241-242 (original description); 239 (type
locality, neighborhood of Fort Enterprise, Mackenzie); 241
(rutting season); 241-242 (antler change); 242 (pelage change;
infestation with warble fly; foot click); 242-245 (economic uses
of hide, flesh, bones, and antlers; migration; not wintering S.
of Churchill); 242-244 (reproduction); 243, 245 (food); 245
(organization of herds; easy of approach); 245-249 (native
methods of hunting).
_Cervus tarandus_ L.: Godman, 1831, +2+: 283-284 (migration);
284 (food; gadfly attacking both Woodland and Barren Ground
Caribou); 285-293 (quotations from Franklin, 1823).
"Deer" or "reindeer": John Ross, 1835a: 130-376, _passim_
(Boothia Peninsula); 243-244 (Eskimo clothing of deerskin); 252
(Eskimo method of hunting); 328, 330 (only small numbers up to
late April); 337 (many, early May); 352 (stomach contents as
food for Eskimos); 376 (migrating N., May 26); 389 (large herd);
390 (hundreds, June 4); 402 (pursued and eaten by wolves); 432
(with fawns, June 10); 438 (many in June); 512 (many killed by
Eskimos); 529 (many tracks, May 15); 530 (many passing, followed
by a wolf); 534 (many, May 21, with two wolves); 537 (Eskimos
killing deer in winter); 564 (a number pursued by a wolf); 612
(two, October 30); 628 (first tracks, March); 704 (tracks,
Somerset Island, late June).
_Cervus tarandus_. . .: J. C. Ross, in John Ross, 1835b: xvii
(great numbers, Boothia; weight 250 lb.; does arriving in April,
bucks in May; fawns hunted by Eskimos with dogs; utilization by
Eskimos; food; great numbers speared in water in autumn
migration; stragglers found in winter); xviii (measurements).
"Rein-deer" or "deer": Back, 1836: 86 (Thelon River); 105 (Great
Slave Lake); 116 (Hoar-frost River); 128-129 (near Artillery
Lake, reindeer chased by wolves); 138-143 (Clinton-Colden and
Aylmer lakes); 156-157 (head of Great Fish River); 178, 205
(near Fort Reliance); 216, 225, 234 (remaining on Barren Grounds
near Great Slave Lake during winter); 261, 267, 268, 273, 280,
281, 285, 286 (Artillery Lake); 290, 292 (Lake Aylmer); 299,
307, 311, 320, 323, 325, 328, 337 (upper Back's River); 367
(lower Back's River, deer drowned in rapids); 420 (Chantrey
Inlet); 435, 439 (lower Back's River).
_Cervus tarandus_ Linn.: Richardson, in Back, 1836: 498 (Barren
Grounds; migration; food); 499 (utilization by Indians and
Eskimos; antlers).
"Reindeer" or "deer": Simpson, 1843: 76 (destruction in 1831 of
a countless herd [of Woodland or Barren Ground species?]
crossing Hayes River in summer); 196, 198 (Great Bear Lake,
September); 206, 226, 232, 242, 247, 249, 250 (between Great
Bear Lake and Coppermine River); 207 (solicitude of a buck for a
wounded doe); 208 (antlers worn by Indian hunter as a decoy);
232 (deer driven over a cliff by wolves); 233 (numerous near
Dease River, early April); 255, 256, 261, 264 (lower Coppermine
River, June); 266, 271, 273 (Coppermine River to Cape Barrow,
July); 277 (does apparently crossing the ice to islands for
fawning); 278, 279 (Cape Barrow to Bathurst Inlet); 281 (first
does with fawns seen, August 3); 284 (Bathurst Inlet); 295, 297,
301 (E. of Cape Franklin, migrating S., late August); 309, 310
(lower Coppermine River, September; drowned in rapids); 312
(deer snares, Dease River); 320-321 (retiring in winter to
Coppermine River and country south of Great Bear Lake); 328
(numerous between Great Bear Lake and Mackenzie River in
winter); 342 (between Great Bear Lake and Coppermine River,
June); 347 (Eskimos hunting on Richardson River, summer); 352
(lower Coppermine River); 355 (Eskimos at Cape Barrow gone
inland to hunt deer, July); 361 (Ellice River, July 31); 365,
367 (Adelaide Peninsula); 370, 374 (Elliot Bay); 379 (King
William Island); 381 (does and fawns near Ogden Bay, early
September); 382 (Melbourne Island); 386 (Victoria Island, early
September); 391 (great numbers, lower Coppermine River,
September 20).
"Rein-deer": J. McLean, 1932 (1849): 195 (immense herds
[Woodland or Barren Ground sp.?] in York Factory region prior to
1837; their disappearance reducing Indians to want); 359
(Yellowknife Indians reported to have the art of taming fawns,
which follow them like dogs till killed and utilized).
"Deer" or "rein-deer": Rae, 1850: 26, 27 (Rankin's Inlet); 27
(Eskimos spearing deer while crossing Chesterfield Inlet); 28
(Cape Fullerton); 31, 32 (near Whale Point); 35, 39 (Eskimo
clothing of caribou skin, Repulse Bay); 40, 64, 65, 73, 74, 76,
80, 84, 91, 92, 133, 134, 166, 169, 177 (Repulse Bay); 44 (stone
monuments erected by Eskimos to deflect deer); 44, 68, 99 (Rae
Isthmus); 52, 54, 55, 130, 132, 145, 160, 161 (Committee Bay);
79 (use by Eskimos for clothing and food); 93 (migrating N.,
Repulse Bay, early March); 116 (Pelly Bay); 149, 151 (Melville
Peninsula); 150 (use of stomach contents as food); 170 (Eskimo
drum of caribou skin); 184, 186 (near Chesterfield Inlet).
"Deer": Osborn, 1852: 74 (near Pond Inlet).
"Deer": Rae, 1852a: 75 (Victoria Island, near Richardson
Islands); 79 (many crossing Dolphin and Union Straits to
Victoria Island).
"Deer": Rae, 1852b: 83 (lower Coppermine River); 91, 95
(Victoria Island, vicinity of Albert Edward Bay).
"Barren Ground reindeer": Richardson, 1852: 156 (Point
Atkinson); 158 (Cape Brown); 166 (Franklin Bay); 173 (Buchanan
River); 188 (Rae's River); 198 (Kendall River region); 290
(Great Bear Lake; weight; great numbers [of Woodland or Barren
Ground species?] crossing Hayes River, 1833, and slaughtered
there by Indians); 296 (Great Bear Lake, migrating N. in May).
"Reindeer" or "deer": Hooper, 1853: 296 (dried meat as winter
fare at Fort Norman); 302 (few along Bear River, November); 342
(Kendall Island); 343 (Richard Island); 378, 381 (meat as winter
fare at Fort Simpson); 391-393 (method of preparing pemmican).
"Rein-deer": Kennedy, 1853: 128 (numerous tracks, North
Somerset, early April); 133 (Bellot Strait); 144, 150 (numerous,
Prince of Wales Island, late April).
_Rangifer caribou_ . . . (_C. tarandus, var. A. Arctica_
Richardson): Audubon and Bachman, 1854, +3+: 114 (quotations
from Richardson, 1829, and Hearne, 1795; "in every part of
Arctic America, including the region from Hudson's Bay to far
within the Arctic circle").
"Deer": J. Anderson, 1856: 24 (about 100, mostly bucks, Adelaide
Peninsula, early August; Eskimos at Lake Franklin preparing to
hunt deer); 25 (a few does at Lake Macdougall, mid-August;
numerous at Aylmer and Clinton-Colden Lakes, early September).
"Deer": J. Anderson, 1857: 321 (Eskimos hunting deer, Lake
Franklin, July 30); 322 (mouth of Back's River, July 30); 323
(fat bucks killed, Montreal Island, August 2-3); 324, 325, 327
(100, mostly bucks, Adelaide Peninsula, August 6, 7, 11); 326
(all tracks going S., August 9); 328 (25 going S., Lake Pelly;
good deer passes between Lakes Pelly and Garry and at Hawk
Rapids).
"Reindeer" or "Deer": Armstrong, 1857: 149, 154, 155 (Eskimos
with Reindeer meat and skins, Point Warren, E. of Mackenzie
River); 166 (skins and meat at Eskimo camp near Cape Dalhousie);
194 (deerskin clothing of Eskimos on coast of Mackenzie); 210,
316, 322, 384, 391, 395, 417 (Banks Island); 254, 335, 364, 365
(Victoria Island, in October, May, July, and August); 297, 336
(Prince of Wales Strait, January and May); 395 (predation by
wolves, Banks Island); 475-488, 497-499, 505-510, 514, 515,
521-530, 545-556, 568 (Banks Island; maximum weight 240 lb.;
distribution; remain during winter; fawning; 112 killed at Bay
of Mercy; quality of meat varying with season; wariness; antler
change; description; graze with heads to wind; pursuit by
wolves).
_Rangifer groenlandicus_ (Kerr) (part): Baird, 1857: 635
(description; weight); 635-636 (distribution).
_Cervus Tarandus_, var. [Greek: a] _arctica_ Richardson: Murray,
1858: 191 (Chesterfield Inlet region); 193-198 (comparison with
Lapland reindeer); 199-206 (antlers and shedding); 201-204
(quotations from previous literature on antlers, food, fawning
season, and winter range); 206 (teeth); 206-210 (fur); 210
(damage by warble flies).
"Reindeer" or "deer": M'Clintock, 1860?: 147 (s. shore of Pond
Inlet); 167, 176, 177, 184-188, 191, 194, 201, 203, 217, 289,
290, 295, 299 (Bellot Strait); 184 (buck at Bellot Strait, minus
paunch, weighing 354 lb.); 212 (Eskimo clothing of reindeer
skins, Boothia Peninsula); 219 (Somerset Island); 239 (Adelaide
Peninsula); 244 (Montreal Island); 245 (Chantrey Inlet); 252,
279, 280 (King William Island).
"Rein-deer" (part): Richardson, 1861: 274 (migration; rutting
season; utilization by Indians and Eskimos); 275 (moving N. at
Repulse Bay, March 1; food).
_Rangifer arcticus_ . . .: B. R. Ross, 1861: 438 (between Hudson
Bay and Arctic Ocean; infested by larvae of warble and nostril
flies); 438-439 (migrations); 439 (antler and pelage change;
food); 439-440 (value to Indians for food, clothing, etc.).
_Rangifer Groënlandicus_ . . .: B. R. Ross, 1862: 141
(distribution).
"Reindeer" or "deer": Osborn, 1865: 70 (Cape Bathurst); 80, 110,
162, 170, 173, 182, 186, 188, 189, 192, 199, 206-208, 219 (Banks
Island); 98, 139, 146 (Victoria Island); 112 (Prince of Wales
Strait, January); 223-224 (resident in Arctic archipelago,
including Banks Island); 226 (no migration across Barrow Strait
or Melville Sound); 227 (weight; gait; antler change; fawning);
227-228, 231, 232 (wolf predation).
"Reindeer": Kennicott, in Anonymous, 1869: 166 (dried reindeer
meat one of chief foods at Fort Simpson); 170 (caribou clothing
used by Yellow Knives).
_Rangifer tarandus_ (Linné) Bd.: Kumlien, 1879: 19 (Eskimo
hunting at Cumberland Sound); 23-25 (Eskimo clothing of
deerskin); 36-37 (Eskimo arrows and bows of antlers); 53, 54
(pursuit by wolves); 54 (abundant in Cumberland Sound region;
migration; food; hunting and utilization by Eskimos).
"Barren ground caribou": R. Bell, 1881: 15C (migrating in great
numbers, Reindeer Lake).
_Rangifer Groenlandicus_ "Baird" (part): Caton, 1881: 105
(description); 106 (Mackenzie River to Hudson Bay); 107 (food);
108 (habits; migration); 366-371 (hunting by Indians and
Eskimos).
"Reindeer" or "deer": Gilder, 1881: 11 (Eskimos near Lower
Savage Islands, Hudson Strait, with skins and meat); 23, 25, 26,
28 (hunting by Eskimos near Connery River, Keewatin); 42, 46
(near Chesterfield Inlet); 43 (Eskimo drum of deerskin); 50 (dog
harness of deerskin); 59, 61, 64, 67, 71 (522 reindeer killed by
Schwatka's party between Hudson Bay and King William Island); 61
(pursued by wolves); 78 (wariness in winter); 83, 192 (Adelaide
Peninsula); 122, 132, 153, 157, 161, 162 (King William Island);
137-146 (Eskimo use of skins and meat); 154 (Eskimos use of fat
and meat); 196-197 (reindeer collecting in immense herds to
cross Simpson Strait on ice in early October); 217, 218 (lower
Back's River, December); 223, 224, 225, 226 (numerous between
Back's River and Chesterfield Inlet, January); 254-255
(deerskins as Eskimo bedding).
"Reindeer" or "deer": Nourse, 1884: 220 (Eskimos dressing skins
near Wager Bay); 232 (37 killed by Hall's party in July, Wager
Bay); 235 (a thousand passing in a day; many cached near North
Pole River, late September; seen from September to January, and
reappearing in March); 256 (deer-hunting, Melville Peninsula);
264-265 (18 deer and a fawn near Cape Weynton); 351 (found
abundant by Schwatka between Wager Bay and Back's River); 354
(King William Island); 356 (plentiful, Terror Bay; immense
herds, Simpson Strait, September to October 14).
"Reindeer" or "Arctic deer": Schwatka, 1885: 59-60, 65, 67-71,
73-75, 81-82, 86 (hunting by Eskimos and whites in n. Keewatin);
60-64 (skins for clothing, bedding, and drums); 60-61 (molt);
65, 67 (use of meat); 68, 71-72 (swimming); 72 (many on King
William Island); 77-79 (migrating across Simpson's Strait, June
and October); 79 (Boothia and North Somerset); 81 (near mouth of
Back's River); 83 (rarely seen in herds of more than 100;
migrations); 84-85 (weight); 85 (unwariness).
"Deer": Boas, 1888: 419 (deer in Eskimo economy); 429, 461-462,
501 (Baffin Island; hunting by Eskimos in summer by spear or
line of cairns); 438 (varying numbers on Cumberland Peninsula);
502 (migration, Baffin and King William Islands); 502-503 (bows
made of antlers); 508-509 (stalking and trapping by Eskimos);
522 (dressing of skins by Eskimos); 555-560 (clothing of
deerskin).
"Reindeer": Bompas, 1888: 24 (deflected in their migrations in
Mackenzie district by burning of the country); 60 (attacked by
wolves); 61 (Indian methods of hunting); 62 (palatability of the
flesh); 100 (utilization of hides and meat).
"Deer": Collinson, 1889: 153 (Banks Island; weight); 166, 171,
173-175, 181, 186, 197, 209, 220, 237, 264, 272-274 (Victoria
Island); 200, 203, 229 (Prince of Wales Strait); 235 (Dolphin
and Union Strait); 243, 247, 281, 283 (Cambridge Bay); 244
(large herds waiting to cross Dease Strait, October; trailed by
wolves); 277 (stone monuments of Eskimos for deflecting deer,
Dease Strait); 290 (large numbers migrating in autumn from
Victoria Island to mainland).
"Reindeer": MacFarlane, 1890: 32-34 (Anderson River; Eskimos
hunting reindeer there; their clothing in part of deerskin); 38
(Eskimo fish nets of deer sinew); 38, 43, 47 (numerous on
Anderson River).
"Barren Ground caribou": Pike, 1917 (1892): 43, 64 (near Lake
Mackay); 44-46 (Lake Camsell); 48 (Arctic islands to s. part of
Hudson Bay and vicinity of Fort Smith, W. to Mackenzie River;
rutting season in October); 48-49 (migration); 49 (segregation
of sexes; antler change); 50 (migration deflected by burning of
country; thousands [Barren Ground or Woodland species?] at York
Factory, about 1888-1890; depletion by hunting); 51-55 (Indian
methods of hunting; economic uses); 51-52, 90 (unwariness);
56-58 (relations to Eskimos, wolves, and wolverines); 58-59
(parasitic flies); 59-60 (Indian superstition); 67, 72
(Coppermine River above Lac de Gras); 76 (near Lake Mackay; Lake
Camsell); 81-82 (S. of Lake Mackay; curing of meat and hides);
89-91 (la foule); 90 (rutting season over and bucks too strong
to eat, late October); 101 (mostly passed into the woods by
November 11); 108 (Lake Mackay); 134 (near Lac de Mort); 148
(near Gros Cap, Great Slave Lake, January); 171, 174, 177 (N. of
Great Slave Lake); 174 (bucks leaving woods in early June); 182
(Lake Aylmer); 186, 199 (Back's River, July); 201, 204 (near
Lake Beechey; females with young, late July); 209 (females and
young in great numbers, upper Back's River); 217 (Clinton-Colden
Lake, early August); 220 (thousands at Ptarmigan Lake, August);
221 (Artillery Lake); 224, 227 (Pike's Portage).
_Rangifer Groenlandicus_ Linn.: J. B. Tyrrell, 1892: 128 (use in
economy of northern Indians; weight; antler shedding; pelage
change; infestation with warbles); 129 (wintering between
Churchill River and Lake Athabaska; collecting on frozen lakes);
130 (Indian hunters killing 100-400 apiece; Fond du Lac, Lake
Athabaska, on a main migratory path).
_Rangifer Groenlandica_ Linn.: Dowling, 1893: 89 (Bear Head Lake
[N. of Great Slave Lake]); 92 (near Lake Mackay, June 22); 103
(a favorite crossing on Great Fish River near Musk-ox Lake); 107
(Pike's expedition living mainly on caribou; migrations; does
fawning near the sea-coast, bucks following behind; horns in
velvet prized as food by Indians).
"Barren Ground caribou": J. B. Tyrrell, 1894: 441 (_Alectoria
jubata_, a lichen, at Daly Lake, as food of caribou); 442
(immense herd--"tens of thousands"--at Carey Lake, July 29;
tormented by black flies; animals lean and poor); 445 (Eskimo
wearing deerskin coat; Lady Marjorie Lake, lower Dubawnt River);
446 (caribou plentiful in country traversed as far as Baker
Lake; last one shot there September 3).
"Barren Ground Caribou": Russell, 1895: 48 (a mass of caribou
passing Fort Rae for 14 days in 1877); 49 (a section of antler
used by Indian as a powder horn); 49-50 (caribou N. of North Arm
of Great Slave Lake, November); 50 (leaping high in air at
start; Indian hunting methods); 51 (Indian use of meat; albino
specimen; antler growth and shedding; thousands near Bathurst
Inlet, April; does fawning along sea coast in June).
"Deer": J. B. Tyrrell, 1895: 440 (deer meat bartered by
Chipewyans at Brochet); 442-443 (Indians hunting deer at Ennadai
Lake; large numbers encountered there; Eskimos skinning deer on
upper Kazan River); 444 (deerskin clothing purchased from
Eskimos on Kazan River); 445 (no deer seen in rocky country
along Ferguson River).
_Rangifer Graenlandicus_ . . .: J. B. Tyrrell, 1896: 13 (S. in
winter to Reindeer Lake and Mudjatick and Foster Rivers); 63
(migrating past Fond du Lac, Lake Athabaska).
"Caribou": Whitney, 1896: 157, 238, 241 (migrations); 161 (fat,
pemmican, and dried meat); 175 (use of dried meat by Dogribs);
176 (tepees of caribou skin); 202-206 (vicinity of Fort
Enterprise); 210 (near Point Lake); 210, 213 (Dogrib hunting
methods); 237 (importance to Indians; weight; an albino);
238-239 (antler shedding); 239 (warble and nostril flies;
persecution by wolves); 240 (seasonal condition of flesh;
distribution; recent decrease); 242 (wasteful killing by
Indians; variation in wariness); 252, 268-269 (S. of Coronation
Gulf); 262 (shoulder-blade as Indian talisman).
_Rangifer Groenlandicus_. . .: J. B. Tyrrell, 1897: 10, 49-50,
165 (herd of 100,000 to 200,000 at Carey Lake, Dubawnt River,
late July); 12 (plentiful near Thelon-Dubawnt junction; scarce
at Baker Lake, early September); 14 (S. of Dawson Inlet); 19,
124 (large numbers, Ennadai Lake, mid-August); 21, 140, 142
(plentiful along Ferguson River, September); 76 (plentiful along
Dubawnt River); 122, 131-132 (hunted by Chipewyans, Ennadai Lake
and Kazan River); 126-127, 131-132 (hunted by Eskimos, upper
Kazan River); 134 (many near Yathkyed Lake); 150-151 (near
source of Owl River, Manitoba; hunted by Indians, Wapinihikiskow
Lake); 166-167 (hunting by Chipewyans and Eskimos; use for food,
clothing, and kayaks).
_Rangifer tarandus arcticus_. . .: Lydekker, 1898: 47-48
(description); 48 (distribution); 48-49 (migration; food).
_Rangifer tarandus_ (Linn.): Russell, 1898: 88 (great numbers
passing Fort Rae for 14 days in 1877); 89 (N. of Fort Rae); 90
(leaping into air at start); 91 (use of flesh by Dog Ribs;
albino specimen); 111, 113, 119 (upper Coppermine River region,
abundant in March); 134 (caribou-skin clothing worn formerly by
Loucheux at Fort McPherson); 139 (on Mackenzie Delta in 1850);
168 (caribou-skin lodge at Fort Rae); 169-172 (caribou-skin
clothing among Dog Ribs); 176 (caribou-skin drum at Fort Rae;
use of sinew); 178 (caribou-skin gun cases among Indians);
187-189 (caribou-skin clothing among Eskimos); 225 (antler
change); 226 (albino; food; distribution and migrations); 227
(abundant along coast between Mackenzie River and Cape Bathurst,
1894; deer snares; spearing; hunting); 228-229 (utilization by
Eskimos and Indians; parasitic flies).
"Barren Ground Caribou," "deer," or "reindeer": J. W. Tyrrell,
1908 (1898): 77-78 (Barlow Lake; Carey Lake, thousands, late
July); 79 (weight 100-400 lb.; molt); 79-80 (antler change); 80
(relation of prongs to age; migration; food; reproduction);
80-81 (utilization of meat, skins, and sinew); 87-88 (Dubawnt
Lake); 97 (lower Dubawnt River); 98 (Wharton Lake); 123-138
(utilization by Eskimos); 139-141 (hunting by Eskimos); 174-177
(near Dawson Inlet); 206-207 (E. of Churchill River); 215 (mouth
of Nelson River [Woodland or Barren Ground species?]); 241
(importance to natives).
"Caribou" or "reindeer": Jones, 1899: 328-332, 342-343, 353-355
(Fort Reliance and vicinity); 329 (weight); 338, 340, 365, 394
(Artillery Lake and vicinity); 342 (Indian corral or trap); 359
(noonday rest of caribou); 368 (immense band, Clinton-Colden
Lake, early March); 374 (tens of thousands of does daily,
Clinton-Colden Lake, moving N., March); 374-375 (relations to
wolves); 381 (abundant, near mouth of Dubawnt River, March); 390
(near lower Dubawnt River); 411 (suffering from insects); 429
(spearing by Indians).
"Deer": Lofthouse, 1899: 275 (mouth of Tha-anne River, early
July).
"Caribou or deer": Hanbury, 1900: 64 (Eskimos bringing venison
to Churchill and reporting deer numerous along the coast); 65
(importance of deer in northern travel; scarce along west coast
of Hudson Bay in May and early June); 66-67 (very scarce at
Baker Lake in June, plentiful in July); 67 (flesh unpalatable in
fly-time; large bands at Aberdeen Lake, August); 69 (absent in
winter on lower Thelon River; very scarce on Hanbury River,
August); 71 (plentiful, Artillery Lake to Great Slave Lake,
September).
_Rangifer arcticus_ (Richardson) (part): A. J. Stone, 1900: 50
(distribution; migration); 51 (Richards Island); 53 (antlers;
does and fawns moving N. in May, Franklin Bay; sprawling posture
of hind leg); 57 (disastrous results of whalers' demands for
meat; Darnley Bay; Bathurst Isthmus).
"Caribou": J. M. Bell, 1901a: 16 (vast herds near Dismal Lake;
use by Eskimos).
"Caribou": J. M. Bell, 1901b: 252 (furnishing food and
clothing for Hare Indians, Great Bear Lake); 255 (use by Eskimos
near Coppermine River; vast herds); 258 (plentiful, but
decreasing, S. of Great Bear Lake; wanton killing by Indian and
Eskimos).