Post hunc Servius Tullius suscêpit imperium, genitus ex nôbilî
fêminâ,[13] captîvâ tamen et famulâ. Quî cum in domô Tarquiniî
Prîscî êducârêtur, ferunt[14] prôdigium[15] vîsû êventûque mîrâbile
[[20]]
accidisse. Flammae[1] speciês puerî dormientis caput amplexa est.
Hôc vîsû Tanaquil summam[2] eî dîgnitâtem portendî intellêxit {5}
coniugîque suâsit ut[3] eum haud secus ac suôs lîberôs[4]
êducâret.[3] Is postquam adolêvit, et fortitûdine et cônsiliô
însîgnis fuit. In proeliô quôdam,[5] in quô rêx Tarquinius
adversus Sabînôs cônflîxit, mîlitibus[6] sêgnius
dîmicantibus, raptum[7] sîgnum in hostem mîsit. Cûius[8] {10}
recipiendî grâtiâ Rômânî tam âcriter pûgnâvêrunt, ut et
sîgnum et victôriam referrent. Quârê â Tarquiniô gener
adsûmptus est; et cum Tarquinius occîsus esset, Tanaquil,
Tarquiniî uxor, mortem êius cêlâvit, populumque
ex superiôre[9] parte aedium adlocûta[10] ait rêgem grave {15}
quidem, sed nôn lêtâle vulnus accêpisse, eumque petere, ut
interim dum convalêsceret,[11] Serviô Tulliô[12] dictô audientês
essent.
Sîc[13] Servius Tullius rêgnâre coepit, sed rêctê imperium
administrâvit.
Sabînôs subêgit[14]; montês três, Quirînâlem, Vîminâlem, Êsquilînum
urbî adiûnxit; fossâs[15] circâ mûrum dûxit. Îdem cênsum[16] {20}
ôrdinâvit, et populum in classês[17] et centuriâs[18] distribuit.
[Illustration: SIGNUM]
[[21]]
Servius Tullius aliquod urbî decus addere volêbat. Iam[1] tum
inclitum erat Diânae Ephesiae fânum.[2] Id commûniter[3] â cîvitâtibus
Asiae factum fâma ferêbat. Itaque Latînôrum
populîs suâsit ut et[4] ipsî fânum Diânae {25}
cum[5] populô Rômânô Rômae in Aventînô monte
aedificârent. Quô[6] factô, bôs mîrae mâgnitûdinis[7]
cuîdam Latînô nâta[8] dîcitur, et respônsum somniô
datum[8] eum populum summam imperiî habitûrum,[8]
cûius cîvis bovem illam Diânae immolâsset.[9] {30}
Latînus[10] bovem ad fânum Diânae êgit et causam
sacerdôtî Rômânô exposuit. Ille callidus[11] dîxit
prius eum vîvô flûmine manûs abluere dêbêre.
Latînus dum ad Tiberim[12] dêscendit, sacerdôs bovem immolâvit.
Ita imperium cîvibus sibique glôriam adquîsîvit. {35}
[Illustration: DIANA OF EPHESUS]
[Illustration: SACRIFICE]
Servius Tullius fîliam alteram ferôcem, mîtem alteram habêns,[13]
cum Tarquiniî fîliôs parî esse animô[14] vidêret, ferôcem[15] mîtî,
mîtem ferôcî in mâtrimônium dedit, nê duo violenta ingenia
[[22]]
mâtrimôniô iungerentur. Sed mîtês seu forte seu fraude periêrunt;
ferôcês môrum similitûdô coniûnxit. Statim Tarquinius {40}
â Tulliâ[1] incitâtus advocâtô[2] senâtû rêgnum
paternum repetere coepit. Quâ[3] rê
audîtâ Servius dum ad Cûriam contendit,
iussû Tarquiniî per gradûs[4] dêiectus et
domum refugiêns interfectus est. Tullia {45}
carpentô vecta in Forum properâvit et
côniugem ê Cûriâ êvocâtum prîma rêgem
salûtâvit; cûius iussû cum ê turbâ ac
tumultû dêcessisset[5] domumque redîret,
vîsô patris corpore, cunctantem et frêna mûliônem inhibentem {50}
super ipsum[6] corpus carpentum agere iussit, unde[7] vîcus ille
Scelerâtus dictus est. Servius Tullius rêgnâvit annôs quattuor et
quadrâgintâ.
[Footnotes: VII (pages 19-22)
19.13: Livy relates that at the capture of the Latin town
Corniculum, Servius' father was killed and his mother taken
prisoner. Out of respect to her high rank, Tanaquil set her free
and welcomed her to the palace. There Servius was born, and he was
brought up in Tarquin's household.
19.14: #ferunt . . . accidisse#: in English, the verb
corresponding to #ferunt# would be parenthetical, thus:
'a prodigy, _they say_, happened.'
19.15: #prôdigium . . . mîrâbile#: 'a prodigy, strange to look
upon, and marvelously fulfilled.' #vîsû# and #êventû# are
ablatives of specification to #mîrâbile#: H 480 (424): M 650:
A 253: G 397: B 226, 1.
20.1: #Flammae speciês#: 'the semblance of fire.' We may render
the whole sentence, 'Fire seemed to envelop,' etc.
20.2: #summam . . . intellêxit#: cf. p. 17, n. 12.
20.3: Cf. p. 1, n. 5.
20.4: governed by _êducâbat_ understood.
20.5: _quîdam_ and _ûnus_ often have no more force than the
English indefinite article.
20.6: #mîlitibus . . . dîmicantibus#: causal.
20.7: #raptum . . . mîsit#: cf. p. 2, n. 8. To lose the standard
was as much of a disgrace then as it is now to lose the flag.
20.8: #Cûius . . . grâtiâ#: an expression of purpose = _quod ut
reciperet_.
20.9: Roman houses in general had no windows on the ground floor.
20.10: Cf. p. 19, n. 12.
20.11: H 603, 2 (519, 2): M 921: A 328: G 572: B 293, III, 2, and
p. xx, G 3.
20.12: dat. with #dictô audientês essent#, which together =
_pârêrent_: H 426 (385, I): M 530: A 227 and N. 2: G 346 and N. 5:
B 187, II. #dictô# is dat. with #audientês#, which here itself =
'obeying.'
20.13: i.e. instead of being formally chosen king by the senate
and people (p. 15, n. 11).
20.14: _subigô_.
20.15: #fossâs . . . dûxit#: this statement harmonizes with VI,
14: see note there. Remains of the wall and ditch are extant,
especially along the east side of the Esquiline, Viminal, and
Quirinal hills.
20.16: The census was not, as with us, a mere enumeration of the
inhabitants, but an enrollment and classification of them
according to property for purposes of taxation and military
service. Hence the clause #in . . . distribuit# is in part an
explanation of #cênsum ôrdinâvit#.
20.17: These classes were six in number.
20.18: According to Livy, there were 193 centuries. At elections
each century cast a single vote, the opinion of the majority of
its members being regarded as the voice of the whole century. The
first, or richest class, contained 98 centuries, and so controlled
98 votes, more than a majority.
21.1: #Iam tum#: 'even in those early days.'
21.2: This temple was one of the seven wonders of the ancient
world. See Acts xix, 24 f.
21.3: #commûniter . . . factum# (_esse_): 'that the states of Asia
had united in building it.' How literally?
21.4: #et ipsî# = _etiam ipsî_, or _ipsî quoque_: 'they too,' i.e.
as well as the _cîvitâtês Asiae_.
21.5: 'in conjunction with.' The whole might have been expressed
thus: _ut illî_ (i.e. the _Latînî_) _et populus Rômânus . . .
aedificârent_. Cf. lines 23, 24.
21.6: #Quô factô# = _postquam hôc_ (i.e. the building of the
temple) _factum est_.
21.7: Cf. p. 18, n. 17.
21.8: Sc. _esse_. For the personal construction #dîcitur#, see
H 611, 1 (534, I and N. 1): M 962: A 330, _b_, 1: G 528, 1: B 332.
21.9: Subjunctive, because in a subordinate clause of indir. disc.
For the tense, cf. p. 6, n. 1.
21.10: '_The_ (aforesaid) Latin,' mentioned in l. 28. This is one
of the cases where Latin suffers from the lack of the definite
article.
21.11: 'cunningly.' Cf. p. 4, n. 4.
21.12: The Tiber ran close to the foot of the Aventine hill on
which (l. 26) the temple of Diana stood.
21.13: = _cum habêret_, 'since he had.' #cum . . . vidêret# is
also causal.
21.14: abl. of quality: H 473, 2 (419, II): M 643: A 251: G 400:
B 224.
21.15: #ferôcem . . . ferôcî#: note that the order in the second
of these two pairs of words is the reverse of that in the first.
Cf. l. 36, _alteram ferôcem, mîtem alteram_. This arrangement is
called _Chiasmus_: H 666, 2 (562): M 1150: A 344, _f_, and N.:
G 682, and R.: B 350, II, _c_).
22.1: The daughter of Tullius.
22.2: #advocâtô . . . coepit# = _senâtum advocâvit et . . .
coepit_. Cf. p. 2, n. 8.
22.3: #quâ rê . . . contendit#: 'while Servius, after he had heard
of this action, was hastening,' etc. For the tense of #contendit#,
see p. 3, n. 14.
22.4: Sc. _Cûriae_.
22.5: #dêcessisset . . . redîret#: 'had departed . . . and _was_
returning.'
22.6: #super ipsum corpus#: 'over the _very_ body'; #ipsum#
emphasizes the wickedness of Tullia. Roman feeling usually
required that the utmost respect be shown to the bodies of the
dead.
22.7: Used here as in VI, 27.]
#VIII. Tarquinius Superbus, Romanorum rex septimus et ultimus#
[[stripped text]]