Rump and crissum without rufous markings _Series I._
Rump and crissum with rufous markings _Series II._
_Series I._
Prevailing color rich yellow, shaded on upper parts with
olive-green. ♂ with streaks of chestnut across the breast and
along the sides, and with or without a greater or less tinge of
the same on the crown. ♀ with the streaks beneath obsolete or
entirely wanting; no rufous on crown. _Juv._ paler and duller
than the ♀, sometimes quite ashy.
A. Tarsus less than .65 of an inch. Outer webs of tail-feathers
with yellow predominating.
1. D. æstiva. Crown generally pure yellow, sometimes with
only a tinge of rufous; lower webs of wing-coverts and
tertials pure yellow; rump and upper tail-coverts much mixed
with the same. Wing-formula,[38] 12, 3; wing, 2.60; tail,
2.05; bill, from nostril, .30; tarsus, .62. _Hab._ Entire
continent of North America; in winter south to Bogota and
Cayenne; Trinidad (only locality in West Indies).
B. Tarsus not less than .70 of an inch. Outer webs of
tail-feathers with dusky predominating.
_a._ Crown without any rufous, or with only a tinge.
2. D. petechia. _Nape olive-green_ (except in _juv._);
_sides streaked_ (except in _juv._). Crown greenish,
sometimes tinged with orange-rufous anteriorly; lower webs of
wing-coverts, etc., not pure yellow, and rump and upper
tail-coverts without any admixture of yellow. _Hab._ West
Indies (except Barbadoes and Trinidad); not on the Continent.
Lower part of throat streaked; outer webs of wing-coverts
hardly appreciably different from the general surface.
Above golden yellowish-olive; crown generally without a
trace of rufous. Wing-formula, 23, 4, 1, 5; wing, 2.55;
tail, 2.10; bill, .30; tarsus, .80. _Hab._ Cuba and the
Bahamas … var. _gundlachi_.[39]
Lower part of throat not streaked; outer webs of
wing-coverts decidedly yellowish, and quite different from
the general surface. Above greenish yellow-olive; crown
almost always strongly tinged with rufous. Wing-formula, 4,
3, 2, 5, 1, 6; wing, 2.70; tail, 2.25; bill, .35; tarsus,
.79. _Hab._ Jamaica and Hayti? … var. _petechia_.[40]
Whole throat sometimes streaked; back also sometimes with
streaks of dark castaneous; green above lighter than in
var. _petechia_, the rump sometimes tinged with yellow.
Wing-formula, 2, 3, and 4 equal, 51; wing, 2.50; tail,
2.00; bill, .34; tarsus, .78. _Hab._ Porto Rico, St.
Thomas, St. Croix, and St. Bartholomew …
var. _ruficapilla_.[41]
3. D. aureola.[42] _Nape always ashy; sides never
streaked._ Abdomen, anal region, and axillars nearly white;
forehead and crown strongly tinged with rufous; nape dark
ashy. Wing-formula, 2, 3, and 4 equal, 5, 16; wing, 2.55;
tail, 2.00; bill, .32; tarsus, .75. _Hab._ Galapagos Islands.
_b._ Crown with only a sharply defined ovate patch of dark
purplish-rufous.
4. D. capitalis.[43] A broad superciliary stripe of pure
yellow; wing-formula, 3 = 4, 2, 1 = 5; wing, 2.30; tail, 2.00;
bill, .30; tarsus, .70. (♀ distinguishable from that of the
varieties of _petechia_ by the distinctly yellow upper
eyelid, and considerably shorter tarsus.) _Hab._ Barbadoes
Island, West Indies.
_c._ Head all round rufous.
5. D. vieilloti. (♀ not distinguishable from that of other
species.) _Hab._ Continental Middle America.
_Breast and sides with broad streaks of rufous; outer webs of
wing-coverts and tertials pure yellow._
Rufous of the throat with the posterior outline sharply
defined against yellow of jugulum. Wing-formula, 3, 4, 2,
1, 5; wing, 2.75; tail, 2.10; bill, .34; tarsus, .75.
_Hab._ New Granada (Carthagena, etc.) … var. _vieilloti_.[44]
Rufous of the throat covering the jugulum and blending with
the streaks of the breast. Wing-formula, 3, 2, 4, 1, 5;
wing, 2.45; tail, 2.05; bill, .27; tarsus, .64. _Hab._
Isthmus of Panama … var. _rufigula_.[45]
_Breast and sides with only very narrow or scarcely appreciable
streaks of rufous; outer webs of wing-coverts, etc., scarcely
different from general surface._
Rufous of the head confined to it, and abruptly defined all
round. Wing-formula, 3, 2 = 4, 1, 5; wing, 2.70; tail,
2.25; bill, .31; tarsus, .72. _Hab._ Mexico (from Honduras
and Yucatan to Mazatlan) … var. _bryanti_.[46]
_Series II._
Prevailing color yellow; crown, rump, and crissum with spots of
rufous; a band of the same on the side of the head, from bill
(meeting both on forehead and on chin) around eye and over
ear-coverts.