[Footnote 1*: This Index has been kindly prepared by Professor
J. B. Dale, of King’s College, University of London, and the
best thanks of the Society are due to him for his valuable
contribution.]
[Transcriber’s Note:
The Technical Terms and Glossary (following) refer to page and line
numbers in the printed book. Information in [[double brackets]] has
been added by the transcriber to aid in text searching.]
+algorisme+, 33/12; +algorym+, +augrym+, 3/3; the art of computing,
using the so-called Arabic numerals.
The word in its various forms is derived from the Arabic
_al-Khowarazmi_ (i.e. the native of Khwarazm (Khiva)). This was the
surname of Ja’far Mohammad ben Musa, who wrote a treatise early in
the 9th century (see p. xiv).
The form _algorithm_ is also found, being suggested by a supposed
derivation from the Greek ἀριθμός (number).
+antery+, 24/11; to move figures to the right of the position in
which they are first written. This operation is performed repeatedly
upon the multiplier in multiplication, and upon certain figures
which arise in the process of root extraction.
+anterioracioun+, 50/5; the operation of moving figures to the
right. [[written anteriorac{i}o{u}n or anterioracio{u}n]]
+article+, 34/23; +articul+, 5/31; +articuls+, 9/36, 29/7,8;
a number divisible by ten without remainder. [[also articull{e}]]
+cast+, 8/12; to add one number to another.
‘Addition is a _casting_ together of two numbers into one number,’
8/10.
+cifre+, 4/1; the name of the figure 0. The word is derived from the
Arabic _sifr_ = empty, nothing. Hence _zero_.
A cipher is the symbol of the absence of number or of zero quantity.
It may be used alone or in conjunction with digits or other ciphers,
and in the latter case, according to the position which it occupies
relative to the other figures, indicates the absence of units, or
tens, or hundreds, etc. The great superiority of the Arabic to all
other systems of notation resides in the employment of this symbol.
When the cipher is not used, the place value of digits has to be
indicated by writing them in assigned rows or columns. Ciphers,
however, may be interpolated amongst the significant figures used,
and as they sufficiently indicate the positions of the empty rows or
columns, the latter need not be indicated in any other way. The
practical performance of calculations is thus enormously facilitated
(see p. xvi).
+componede+, 33/24; +composyt+, 5/35; with reference to numbers, one
compounded of a multiple of ten and a digit.
[[written componed{e}]]
+conuertide+ = conversely, 46/29, 47/9.
[[written co{n}u{er}tid{e} or {con}u{er}tid{e}]]
+cubicede+, 50/13; +to be c.+, to have its cube root found.
[[written cubiced{e}]]
+cubike nombre+, 47/8; a number formed by multiplying a given number
twice by itself, _e.g._ 27 = 3 × 3 × 3. Now called simply a cube.
[[written cubik{e} ...]]
+decuple+, 22/12; the product of a number by ten. Tenfold.
+departys+ = divides, 5/29. [[written dep{ar}tys]]
+digit+, 5/30; +digitalle+, 33/24; a number less than ten,
represented by one of the nine Arabic numerals.
[[written digitall{e}]]
+dimydicion+, 7/23; the operation of dividing a number by two.
Halving. [[written dimydicioñ]]
+duccioun+, multiplication, 43/9. [[written duccio{u}n]]
+duplacion+, 7/23, 14/15; the operation of multiplying a number by
two. Doubling.
[[written duplacioñ or duplacioɳ with fancy “n”]]
+i-mediet+ = halved, 19/23.
+intercise+ = broken, 46/2; intercise Progression is the name given
to either of the Progressions 1, 3, 5, 7, etc.; 2, 4, 6, 8, etc.,
in which the common difference is 2. [[written int{er}cise]]
+lede into+, multiply by, 47/18.
[[words always separated, as “lede ... into”]]
+lyneal nombre+, 46/14; a number such as that which expresses the
measure of the length of a line, and therefore is not _necessarily_
the product of two or more numbers (_vide_ Superficial, Solid). This
appears to be the meaning of the phrase as used in _The Art of
Nombryng_. It is possible that the numbers so designated are the
prime numbers, that is, numbers not divisible by any other number
except themselves and unity, but it is not clear that this
limitation is intended.
+mediacioun+, 16/36, 38/16; dividing by two (see also +dimydicion+).
[[written mediacioɳ with fancy “n”, generally without “u”]]
+medlede nombre+, 34/1; a number formed of a multiple of ten and a
digit (_vide_ componede, composyt). [[written medled{e} ...]]
+medye+, 17/8, to halve; +mediete+, halved, 17/30; +ymedit+, 20/9.
+naturelle progressioun+, 45/22; the series of numbers 1, 2, 3, etc.
[[written naturell{e} p{ro}gressio{u}n]]
+produccioun+, multiplication, 50/11. [[written produccio{u}n]]
+quadrat nombre+, 46/12; a number formed by multiplying a given
number by itself, _e.g._ 9 = 3 × 3, a square.
+rote+, 7/25; +roote+, 47/11; root. The roots of squares and cubes
are the numbers from which the squares and cubes are derived by
multiplication into themselves.
+significatyf+, significant, 5/14; The significant figures of a
number are, strictly speaking, those other than zero, _e.g._ in 3 6
5 0 4 0 0, the significant figures are 3, 6, 5, 4. Modern usage,
however, regards all figures between the two extreme significant
figures as significant, even when some are zero. Thus, in the above
example, 3 6 5 0 4 are considered significant.
+solide nombre+, 46/37; a number which is the product of three other
numbers, _e.g._ 66 = 11 × 2 × 3. [[usually written solid{e}]]
+superficial nombre+, 46/18; a number which is the product of two
other numbers, _e.g._ 6 = 2 × 3.
[[written sup{er}ficial or sup{er}ficiall{e}]]
+ternary+, consisting of three digits, 51/7.
[[written t{er}nary]]
+vnder double+, a digit which has been doubled, 48/3.
+vnder-trebille+, a digit which has been trebled, 49/28;
+vnder-triplat+, 49/39.
[[written vnder-trebill{e}, vnder-t{r}iplat]]
+w+, a symbol used to denote half a unit, 17/33
[[shown in e-text as superscript ʷ]]