supposing a frog to be a sensitive animal, must cause a vast deal of
pain, which are not done under chloroform?--There is no doubt of it. And
there is no precaution taken to diminish pain, if it suffers pain?--I
think I may say no special precaution.”--_Evid. Roy. Com._, Q. 3,801-2.
=Schiff, Moritz.= B. at Frankfort, O.M., 1823; Studied at Univs.
Heidelberg, Göttingen, and Berlin; Laureate in Med., Gott., 1844; Pupil
of Majendie and Longet; formerly Curator of Ornithological Museum,
Frankfort; Prof. of Ornith. and Path. Anat., Bern, 1855; Prof. Physiol.,
Florence, 1872; Prof. Physiol. at Geneva, 1876.
Author of “De vi motoria bascos encephali,” Frankfort, 1845;
“Untersuchungen zur Physiologie des Nervensystems,” 1854; “Nerven und
Muskel-Physiologie,” Lahr, 1838; “Ueber Zuckerbildung in der Leber,”
Wurzburg, 1859; “Sul sistema nervoso encefalico,” Florence, 1865; “Sur
la Physiologie de la Digestion,” Turin, 1867; “Sulla Misura della
Sensazione,” Florence, 1869; “De l’Inflammation et de la Circulation,”
Paris, 1873; “La pupille comme esthesiomètre,” Paris, 1875, etc.
“In Professor Schiff’s work, almost every lecture is accompanied by the
sacrifice of some animal; 700 a year, it is stated, thus perish (1343).
Calls attention to a discrepancy between two statements of Professor
Schiff: one stating that the dogs made no noise because they were not
in pain; the other stating that their nerves of vocalisation had been
cut “pour les empêcher.… de discréditer ainsi les études physiologiques
auprês des habitants du quartier” (1287).”--_Digest Ev. Roy. Com._, p. 11.
“A number of rabbits were deprived of food until they ate dead frogs
thrown into their hutch. The object of this experiment was to show that
herbivorous animals could live on animal food (See Schiff, _Physiologie
de la Digestive_, Vol. I., p. 67). What use this information may be put
to I leave to the judgment of unbiassed minds to determine. I know that
the rabbits suffered very much before they were induced to eat the dead
frogs.”--_Evid. Roy. Com._, Q. 4,888, p. 244.
“After the thousands of experiments made by these gentlemen, by which
they are enabled to contradict each other, and after all this fiendish
massacre, the latest writer on the nervous system, Moritz Schiff, a man
who has gained some notoriety as a vivisector, concludes, from numberless
other experiments he has made, that the functions of the cerebellum are
altogether unknown.”--_Fleming’s Essay_, p. 33.
=Schmidt, Albrecht.= Prof. Physiol. Med. Fac. Univ. Dorpat.
=Scott, John Alfred=, 25, Idrone Terrace, Blackrock, Co. Dublin.
L.K.Q.C.P. Irel. and L.M., 1882; L.R.C.S.I., 1881; L.M. Rot. Hosp., Dub.,
1880; (Ledw. and Carm. Schs. and Mercer’s and Adelaide Hosps., Dub.);
Fell. Acad. Med. Irel.; Mem. Photog. Soc. Irel.; Lect. on Anat. Physiol.
Carm. Coll. of Med. Dub.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Physiological Lecture Rooms and
Laboratory, Carmichael College, Dublin, in 1882 and 1883. Certificate
for Illustrations of Lectures in 1882 and 1883. No Experiments returned,
1882._
=Sedgwick, Wm. T.= Ph.B.; Fellow of the Johns Hopkins University,
Baltimore, U.S.A.
Contrib. “The influence of quinine upon the reflex excitability of the
spinal cord.”--“Journ. of Physiol.,” Vol. III., p. 22.
Experiments on frogs.
=Senator, Hermann=, 7, Bauhofstrasse, Berlin. B. Gnesen, 1834; M.D.,
Berlin, 1858; Pupil of Johannes Müller, 1875; Direct. Inner Dept. of
Augusta Hosp.; and Prof. extraord. Med. Faculty, Berlin.
Co-editor (with Prof. H. Kronecker) of “Centralblatt für die
medicinischen Wissenschaften.”
=Sertoli, Enrico=, Prof. Univ., Milan. Scuola Sup. di Veterinaria.
=Severini, Luigi=, Perugia. Prof. Università Libera, Corso di Zoojatrice.
=Sewall, Henry.= B. Sc.; Ph. D.; Prof. of Physiol. Univ. of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, U.S.A.; Assoc. in Biol. Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore.
Contrib. “Experiments upon the ears of fishes with reference to the
function of equilibrium.”--“_Journ. of Physiol._,” Vol. IV., p. 339, &c.
“The experiments to be described were carried on by means of the
facilities offered at the Marine Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins
University during the summer of 1881, at Beaufort, N.C., and again in
1883, on the Chesapeake Bay.… Records were made of experiments performed
upon more than ninety individuals (sharks and skate).… The experiments
… were performed under unusually favourable anatomical conditions, but
it must be confessed that the results obtained are far from forming a
solution of the problem investigated.”--_Journ. of Physiol._, Vol. IV.,
pp. 338, etc.
=Sharpey, William.= B. at Arbroath, Forfarshire, 1802; d. 1881. Studied
at Edinburgh and Paris; M.D. Edinburgh, 1823; LL.D. Edin.; F.R.C.S.
Edin., 1830; F.R.S., F.R.S.E.; a Trustee Hunt. Mus.; Mem. Gen. Med.
Counc.; Mem. Senate Univ. Lond.; Emerit. Prof. Anat. and Physiol. Univ.
of London, 1836; F.R.S., 1839.
“Has performed experiments on living animals, and sometimes exhibited
them (389-91), and considers such experiments absolutely necessary for
the progress of physiology (393), and that scientific investigation
by competent persons is important for the development of medical and
surgical improvement (398-401).”--_Digest. Ev. Roy. Com._, p. 4.
“The chief use of employing curari is to render the animal quite still;
that is the great purpose of it. What Mr. Hutton says is quite true, that
it is not generally recognised as an anæsthetic, and, therefore, not used
as an anæsthetic.--Then it is a contrivance to save to the operator the
trouble which the manifestation of pain by the animal might occasion him?
It facilitates the operation at any rate.”--_Evid. Roy. Com._, Q. 462-3.
=Sibson, Francis=, 59, Brook Street, W. M.D. Lond. 1848; M.D. Dub. (Hon.)
1867; F.R.C.P. Lond., 1853; Hon. D.C.L. Durh.; F.R.S.; Mem. Senate
(formerly Exam. in Med.) Univ. Lond.; Vice-Pres. (late Pres. Council)
Brit. Med. Assoc.; late Sen. Phys. and Lect. on Clin. Med. St. Mary’s
Hosp.; Goulst. Lect. R.C.P. Lond., 1853; Croon. Lect., 1870.
Author of “Medical Anatomy;” “The Causes which excite Respiration in
Health and Disease;” Physiol. Address, 1851, etc., etc.
=Sieveking, Ed. Henry=, 17, Manchester Square, W. M.D. Edin., 1841;
F.R.C.P. Lond., 1852 (Univ. Coll. and Edin.); Pres. Harv. Soc., 1861;
Vice-Pres. Roy. Med. and Chir. Soc.; Phys. Extraord. to H.M. the Queen;
Phys. in Ord. to H.R.H. the Prince of Wales; Phys. to St. Mary’s Hosp.;
Phys. Hosp. for Paralysis and Epilepsy, etc.
Formerly Editor “Medico-Chirurgical Review;” Author of “Manual of
Pathological Anatomy” (with Dr. H. Jones), 1854, etc.
=Sihler, Christian=, M.D., Fellow of Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore,
U.S.A.
Author of “On the so-called Heat Dyspnœa,” “Journ. of Physiol.,” Vol. II,
p. 192.
Placed some dogs with cervical cord cut, in a heated chamber to test
experiments made previously by Goldstein.
=Silvestri, Luigi=, Perugia. Prof. Università Libera Corso di Zoojatrice.
=Solera, Luigi.= Prof. Catania University.
=Soloweitschyk, Isaac=, St. Petersburg.
Made experiments on the action of the different combinations of Antimony
in the Institute of Experimental Pharmacology, Strasburg. Exper. VIII.,
on a cat weighing about 7¾ lbs. The nervi vagi cut, the animal curarised,
and artificial respiration established, electrodes inserted into the
spinal marrow and an electric current sent through the nerves.-_-Archiv.
für Exper. Pathol._, 12, 5, 6.
=Soltmann, O.= Prof. Med. Fac. Univ. Breslau.
“With reference to the published works of Fritsch and Hitzig on the
motor centres of the cortex, and also (while I am engaged in the same
studies) concerning the experiments of Hermann on electrical stimulation
in Pflüger’s Archives, Vol. X., I feel called upon to make the following
communication:--(1) In newly-born dogs no muscular movements were
observed during electrical stimulation of the cortex cerebri; (2) These
movements were only observed some days (9-11 days) after birth; (3) The
extent and form of the motor centres of the cortex vary; in young animals
they differ from those of fully grown animals. The necessary subjects for
further experimentation (pregnant bitches and young dogs of all ages) are
difficult to obtain so that the experiments only proceed slowly. Breslau,
10 March, 1875.”--_Centralbl. f. d. Med. Wiss._, 1875, p. 210.
=Stefani, Aristide=, Ferrara. Università Libera, Corso di Zoojatrice.
Author (jointly with Weiss) of “Ricerche anatomiche intorno al
cervelletto di Comlombi sani ed operati nei Canali Semicircolari,” Com.
to Acad. Ferrara, 24 Nov., 1877.
=Sternberg, George M.= M.D., Surgeon and Major, U.S.A.
Contrib. “Induced Septicæmia in the Rabbit,” Amer. Journ. of Med.
Sciences, July, 1882; “Experiments to determine the germicide value of
certain Therapeutic Agents,” _Ibid._, April, 1883.
“The object of the present paper is to compare the results obtained in
some recently reported experiments upon rabbits (Report to the Scientific
Grants Committee of the British Medical Association, by Peter Murray
Braidwood, M.D., F.R.M.S., and Francis Vacher, F.R.C.S., Ed., _British
Med. Journ._, Nos. 1,100 and 1,101, 1882) with the writers experiments
made last year, under the auspices of the National Board of Health (a
fatal form of septicæmia in the rabbit produced by the subcutaneous
injection of human saliva).--_National Board of Health Bulletin, April
30, 1881._
“I have demonstrated by repeated experiments that my saliva in doses of
1·25 c.c. to 1·75 c.c. injected into the subcutaneous connective tissue
of a rabbit, _infallibly produces death_, usually within forty-eight
hours.”… “The saliva of four students, residents of Baltimore gave
negative results; eleven rabbits injected with the saliva of six
individuals in Philadelphia gave eight deaths and three negative results;
but in the fatal cases a less degree of virulence was shown in six cases
by a more prolonged period between the date of injection and the date of
death.”--_Amer. Journ. of Med. Sciences_, July, 1882, pp. 71, &c.
=Stevenson, Thomas=, Guy’s Hosp., S.E., and 45, Gresham Road, S.W. M.D.
Lond., 1864; F.R.C.P. Lond., 1871; M. 1864; M.R.C.S. Eng., 1862 (Guy’s);
Lect. on Chem. and Med. Jurisp. Guy’s Hosp.; Analyst Surrey, Bedfordsh.,
St. Pancras, Shoreditch, etc.; Exam. in Forensic Med. Univ. Lond.
Joint Author “On the Application of Physiological tests for certain
Organic Poisons, especially Digitaline;” Proc. Roy. Soc. 1865, and
various Papers in Guy’s Hosp. Reps., etc.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Guy’s Hospital Museum Theatre
and Lecture Room in 1881-82-83. Certificate for Experiments without
Anæsthetics in 1881-82-83. No Experiments returned in 1883._
=Stirling, William=, Marischal College, Aberdeen. B. Sc. Edin. (1st Class
Honours), 1870; D. Sc. (1st Class Honours in Physiol.) 1872; M.B. and
C.M. (1st Class Honours), 1872; M.D. (Gold Medallist), 1875; (Edin.,
Leipsig, Berlin and Paris); Regius Prof. of Insts. of Med. Univ. Aberdeen.
Author of “Text Book of Practical Histology” (plates), 1881; “Outlines of
Physiological Chemistry,” 1881; “Effects of Division of the Sympathetic
Nerve in the Neck of Young Animals,” “Journ. Anat. and Physiol.,” etc.,
etc.
_Held a License for Vivisection at University Aberdeen Physiological
Department in 1878-79-80-81-82-83; Certificates for Illustrations of
Lectures in 1878-79-80-81-82-83. No Experiments returned in 1881._
=Strauss, J.=, 10, Rue Madame, Paris. M.D.; Agrégé at Med. Fac.;
Physician at the Tenon Hospital.
Author of “Des lésions rénales dans leur rapport avec l’hyperthropethie
cardiaque,” Arch. Gén. de Méd., Jan., 1882.
=Stroganow, N.=, St. Petersburg.
Author of “Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Oxydations processes im normalen
und Erstickungs-blute.”--Pflüger’s Archiv., Vol. XII., p. 18.
Made experiments in the Laboratory of Prof. Hoppe-Seyler in Strasburg.
Dogs asphyxiated with an apparatus constructed by direction of Prof.
Hoppe-Seyler after the model of that of Régnault and Reiset.
=Studiati, Cesare.= Prof. Pisa University.
=Suchard= (Prof.), 9, Avenue de l’Observatoire, Paris. M.D.; Prof. of
Gen. Anat., College of France.
=Talma, G.= Prof. Utrecht University.
Author of: “Ueber die Folgen Arterienverschlusses in den verschiedenen
Organen,” Centralbl. f. d. Med. Wissenschaften, No. 46 (1879), p. 817;
“Zur Genese der Herztöne,” Pflüger’s Arch., Vol. XVIII. (1880), p. 275;
“Nog. eens over hart en arterietonen,” Nederl. Tijdschr. v. Geneesk,
1880, p. 661; “Beiträge zur Kenntniss des Einflusses der Respiration auf
die Circulation des Blutes,” Pflüger’s Arch., Vol. XXIX. (1882), p. 311.
Experiments on dogs and rabbits to study the effect of respiration on the
circulation of the blood.
=Tamburini= (Sig.). Prof. at Institut. Psychiatrique of Reggio.
Joint author (with Seppilli) of “Contribuzione allo studio sperimentale
del ipnotismo;” “Rivist. sper. di Psichiat.,” 1882, p. 268; and “Arch.
ital. de Biologie,” Vol. II., 1882.
Experiments on hypnotism in the human subject.
=Teissier, Junr.= (Prof.), 16, Quai Tilsitt, Lyons. Prof. of Clin. Med.,
Med. Fac. Univ. Lyons.
“Made a series of experiments at the Collége de France to prove the
dangers attending the introduction of the negative pole of the battery
into the aneurismal sac (M. Ciniselli’s method). These researches were
made on dogs.”--_Gaz. Med. de Paris_, 1878, p. 129.
=Thin, George=, 22, Queen Anne Street, Cavendish Square, W. M.D., St.
And., 1860; L.R.C.S. Edin., 1858 (Edin.), Contrib. on Histological,
Pathological, and Dermatological subjects in various Journs. and Trans.
_Held a License for Vivisection at University College, London; the New
Physiological Theatre and the Rooms comprised in the Physiological
Laboratory, together with the Curator’s Room, in 1883. Certificate
Dispensing with obligation to kill same year._
=Tiegel, E.= Asst. at Physiol. Inst., Strasburg, and Private Prof.
Author of “Notizen über Schlangenblut,” Pflüger’s Arch., Vol. XXIII.
(1880), p. 278.
=Tigerstetd, R. A. A.= Prof. Stockholm University.
Author of “Studien ueber mechanische Nervenreigung,” 1 Abth. Helsingfors,
1880; “Die durch einen Konstanten Strom in den Nerven hervorgerufenen
Veränderungen der Erregbarkeit mittels mechanischer Reizung
untersucht.”--_Mittheil vom physiol. Laborat., Stockholm, Bk. I._, 1882,
etc.
=Tommasi-Crudeli, Corrado.= B. at Piere, Santo Stefano, 1834; Prof.
extraord. of Path. Hist. at Inst. di Studii Superiori, Florence, 1863;
Prof. of Path. Anat. Univ. of Palermo, 1865; Founded Physiol. and Pathol.
Inst. at Rome, 1870.
=Topinard= (Mons.), 103, Rue de Rennes, Paris. M.D.; Prof. at the
Institute of Anthropology.
=Toussaint, H.= Prof. at the Veterinary School, Toulouse; Prof. Physiol.
Fac. Sci., Toulouse, 1880.
Author of “Identité de la septicémie expérimentale aiguë et du choléra
des poules.”--Compt. Rend., Vol. XCI. (1880), p. 301; “Note contenne dans
un pli cacheté et relative à un procédé pour la vaccination du mouton et
du jeune chien.”--_Ibid._, p. 303.
=Traube, Ludwig.= B. at Ratibon, 1818; d. at Berlin, 1876. Geheimrath.
=Trojanow= (Dr.), St. Petersburg.
Author of “The influence of extended scalds on the animal organism” (In
Russian), St. Petersburg, 1882.
=Truman, Edgar Beckit=, 31, Derby Road, Nottingham. M.D. St. And., 1861;
M.R.C.S. Eng. and L.S.A., 1860 (Guy’s); Sen. Exhib. and Gold Medallist in
Med., Guy’s; Prizem. Phys. Soc.; F.C.S.; Pub. Analyst, Nottingh. Boro’
and Co.
Contrib. Pop. Sci. Rev., 1863, &c.
_Held a License for Vivisection at 31, Derby Road, Nottingham, in 1882
and 1883. Certificates for Experiments without Anæsthetics, 1882 and
1883. No Experiments returned._
=Turner, George=, High Street, Hoddesdon, Herts. L.R.C.P. Lond., 1872;
M.R.C.S. Eng., 1872; Sanit. Sci. Cert., Cambridge, 1875; (Guy’s and
Montpellier); Prizem. Guy’s Hosp. 1869, 1871; F.C.S.; late Med. Off.
Health and Analyst, Portsmouth Boro’; Sanit. Med. Off. Portsmouth; Res.
Med. Off. Lond. Fever Hosp. and Chef de Clinique intérimaire, Hôpital St.
Eloi, Montpellier.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Portsmouth Borough Laboratory in 1878
and 1879. No Experiments returned._
=Vacher, Francis=, 36, Hamilton Square, and 49, Shrewsbury Road,
Birkenhead. F.R.C.S. Edin., 1878; L.R.C.P. Edin., 1867 (Edin.); Hon. Sec.
N. Western Ass.; Med. Off. Health; House Surg. Roy. Matern. Hosp. Edin.
Contrib. Liverp. and Manch. Med. Surg. Reps. etc., etc.
_Held a License for Vivisection at [1]35, Park Road, South Birkenhead in
1878. Certificates dispensing with obligations to kill, and for testing
previous discoveries. No Experiments returned._
[1] This place has been withdrawn from the Register at the request
of Mr. Vacher.
=Valentin, Gabriel Gustav.= B. at Breslau, 1810; d. at Geneva, 1883.
M.D., Breslau, 1832; Prof. Physiol., Univ. of Berne, 1836 to 1881.
Author of “De functionibus nervorum cerebralium et nervi sympathici,”
Berne, 1839; “Grundriss der Physiologie des Menschen,” Brunswick, 1846;
“Beiträge zur Anatomie und Physiologie des nerven u. des Muskelsystems,”
Leipsig, 1863; “Versuch einer physiologischen Pathologie der Nerven,”
Leipsig, 1864; “Versuch einer physiologischen Pathologie des Herzens und
der Blutgefässe,” Leipsig u. Heidelberg, 1866, etc.
Made experiments with strychnine on frogs.--Arch. f. exper. Pathologie,
p. 337.
=Vallon= (Mons.), No. 1, Rue Cabanio, Paris. Phys. Hosp. for Mental
Disease.
=Valmont= (Prof.), 90, Rue de la Boëtie, Paris. Med. Fac.; Prof. of
Pharmacol.
=Veltà= (Prof.), Bologna University.
=Verderi= (Prof.), Parma University.
=Vierordt, K. von.= Prof. of Physiol. Med. Fac., Tübingen University.
Author of “Physiologie des Athmens,” Karlsruhe, 1845; “Die Lehre vom
Arterienpuls in gesunden und kranken Zuständen,” 1855; “Grundriss der
Physiologie des Menschen,” Tübingen, 1861; “Ueber Stehen und Gehen,”
_Ibid._, 1865; “Die Einheit der Wissenschaft,” Ibid., 1865; “Der Zeitsinn
nach Versuchen,” _Ibid._, 1868.
=Vincent, E.= M.D.; Prof. Med. Fac., Lyons; Chief Surg. La Charité, Lyons.
Contrib. “Plaies pénétrantes intrapéritonéales de la Vessie;” “Revue de
Chirurgie,” Vol. I., 1881, p. 556.
Made 29 experiments on dogs. Exp. VII.: Abdominal walls of dog cut open
with scissors, bladder drawn out, shot at with revolver. Bladder sewn
together; the wound healed, the dog was again used for an experiment on
the ossification of the marrow, and at the end of a month killed.
=Vintschgau, M. von.= Prof. of Exper. Physiol. Med. Fac., Innspruck
University.
Contrib. to “Handbuch der Physiologie,” edited by Prof. Hermann of
Zurich, Leipsig, 1879.
Author of “Beiträge zur Physiologie des Geschmacksinnes,” Pflüger’s
Archiv., Vols. XIX and XX. (1879); “Die Physiologische Reactionzeit und
der Ortsinn der Haut,” _Ibid._, Vol. XXII. (1880); “Untersuchungen ueber
die Frage ob die Geschwindigkeit der Fortpflanzung der Nervenerregung von
Reizstärke abhängig ist,” _Ibid._, Vol. XXX. (1882).
=Virchow, Rudolf.= Born at Schivelbein, Pomerania, 1821. M.D. (Berlin)
1843; Prosect. Univ. Berlin, 1847; Public Prof. in Ordinary of Path.
Anat., Gen. Path, and Therapeutics Univ. Berlin; Director Path. Inst.;
Hon. Mem. Roy. Med. Soc. London, 1850; Corr. Mem. French Acad. of Med.,
1859.
Author of “Gesammelte Abhandlungen zur Wissenschaftlichen Medicin,”
Frankfort, 1856; “Die cellular Pathologie in ihrer Begründung auf
physiologische und pathologische Gewebelehre,” Berlin, 1859; “Ueber
die Erziehung des Weibes für seinen Beruf,” Berlin, 1865; “Menschen
und Affenschädel,” 1866; “Die Aufgabe der Naturwissenschaften in den
neuen nationalen Leben Deutschlands,” Berlin, 1871; “Die Freiheit der
Wissenschaft im modernen Staat,” Berlin, 1877, &c., &c. Editor of
“Virchow’s Archiv.”
=Vogt, Carl.= B. at Giessen, 1817; Studied Giessen and Bern; M.D. 1839;
Found. Scient. Soc. of German Doctors in Paris; Prof. Univ. Giessen,
1847; Prof. Comp. Anat. Med. Fac. Univ. Geneva, 1852.
Author of “Im Gebirge und auf den Gletschern,” Soleure, 1843; “Lehrbuch
der Geologie und Petrefacktenkunde,” Brunswick, 1846; “Physiologische
Briefe,” Stuttgard, 1845-46; Ibid., Paris, 1875; “Ocean und Mittelmeer,”
Frankfort, 1848; “Untersuchungen ueber Thierstaaten,” 1851; “Bilder
aus dem Thierleben,” 1852; “Koehlerglaube und Wissenschaft,” 1833;
“Vorlesungen ueber den Menschen,” 1864; “Vorlesungen ueber nützliche und
schädliche Thiere,” 1856; “Die Mikrocephalen oder Affenmenschen,” 1866,
&c.
=Voit, Carl von.= B. at Amborga, Bavaria, 1831. Studied Med. at Monaco
and Wurzburg, and in the Labs. of Pettenkofer, Wächter, and Bischoff.
Prof. of Med. Univ. Monaco, 1863; Prof. Physiol. Med. Fac., Univ. of
Munich, 1883.
Joint author with Prof. Bischoff of “Die Gesetze der Ernährung des
Fleischfressers,” Leipsig and Heidelberg, 1860; “Untersuchungen ueber
den Einfluss des Kochsalzes, des Kaffees und der Muskelbewegungen auf
den Stoffwechsel,” Munich, 1860; Editor of “Zeitschrift fuer Biologie,”
Munich and Leipsig. Contrib. to “Handbuch der Physiologie,” edited by L.
Herrmann of Zurich, Leipsig, 1879.
=Vulpian, A.=, 24, Rue Soufflot, Paris. M.D. Paris, 1854; Prof. Path.
Anat. Med. Faculty, 1867; Prof. Comp. and Exper. Path., 1872; Mem. Acad.
of Sciences, 1876.
Author of “Leçon sur la Physiologie générale et comparée du système
nerveux,” 1866; “Leçons sur l’appareil vaso-moteur,” 1874; “Maladies du
système nerveux,” 1879.
“M. Vulpian has recently made a large number of experiments to ascertain
the degree and character of the mechanical excitability of the grey
cortex of the brain. In mammals, dog, cat, and rabbit, in the normal
condition, he could never produce in this way the slightest movement
either in the limbs of the opposite side, or in those of the same side.
The mechanical stimulation was produced by rubbing the surface of
the cortex with a small sponge, or a fragment of amadou, or with the
points of dissection forceps.… If therefore movement resulted from such
stimulation in the experiments of Couty, the effect must have been purely
accidental or the consequence of some experimental error. The results
were also negative when Vulpian repeated the experiments after having
produced inflammation of the surface of the sigmoid gyrus by tincture of
cantharides, by essence of mustard or by nicotine.”--_Lancet_, Sept. 16,
1882, p. 453.
“I have made the section of the facial nerve at its entrance into the
internal auditory meatus, in several dogs, … in other dogs I succeeded
in dividing the facial nerve near its real origin, below the floor of
the fourth ventricle. The results were absolutely identical … I had to
undertake other experiments to find out what would be the effect of the
inter cranian section of the trigeminal nerve on the chorda tympani.
These experiments were made on rabbits. Although numerous, they gave
but few significant results, because several of the animals did not
live long enough after the operation for the divided nerves to show any
very decided changes; or else because in several of them, the section
of the nerve was far from being complete.”--Acad. des Sciences, April,
1878.--_Archives Gen. de Méd._, 1878, p. 751.
=Wagner, Rudolf.= B. at Bayreuth, 1805. Geheimrath and Prof. Physiol. and
Zool., Univ. of Göttingen; Mem. Roy. Soc. of Sciences, Gott.
=Walker, James.= 214, Union Street, Aberdeen. M.B. Aberd. and C.M.
(Highest Honours), 1873 (Univ. Aberd.).
_Held a License for Vivisection at University Aberdeen Physiological
Laboratory and Materia Medica Department, Marischal College, in 1881.
Certificate for Experiments without Anæsthetics in 1881. No Experiments
returned._
=Walton, George L.= M.D. Boston, U.S.A. Contrib. of “Reflex movements of
the frog under the influence of strychnia,” “Journ. of Physiol.,” Vol.
III., p. 308; “The physiological action of Methylkyanethine,” _Ibid._, p.
349.