the termination of the curve given in Fig. 3, 0·06 grms. curare were
injected into the jugular vein; artificial respiration was performed,
and the left crural nerve was laid free.” &c.--“Further Researches on
the Vasomotor Nerves of Ordinary Muscles,” by W. H. Gaskell, M.A., Trin.
Coll. Camb., “_Journ. Physiol._” Vol. I., pp. 265-6, 276, 228, 295.
=Gautier, E. J. Armand=, 72, Rue d’Assas, Paris. B. at Narbonne. M.D.,
1862; Agrégé de Clinic., Med. Fac.; Member Acad. de Méd.
Author of “Études sur les fermentations proprement dites et les
fermentations physiologiques et pathologiques,” Paris, 1869; “Chimie
appliquée à la physiologie, à la pathologie et à l’hygiène et les
méthodes de recherches les plus nouvelles,” Paris, 1874.
“Made experiments with the venom of snakes (_Naja
tripudians_).”--_Archiv. de med._, Vol. 2, 1881, p. 360.
=Gavarret, Louis-Denis Jules=, 73, Rue de Grenelle, Paris. B. 1809. M.D.,
1843; Prof. Med. Physics at Med. Faculty; Mem. Acad. of Medicine, 1858;
Inspector-General of Public Instruction for Medicine, 1879.
Author jointly with M. Andral of “Investigations sur la nature du
sang et l’organisation physique de l’homme,” 1840-43; “Sur la chaleur
produite par les corps vivants,” 1853. “Des Images par reflexion et par
refraction,” Paris, 1856. “Physique biologique, les phénomènes physiques
de la Vie,” Paris, 1869, etc., etc.
=Gergens, E.= M.D.; Asst. at Physiol. Inst., Strasburg.
Author of “Ueber gekreutzte Reflexe,” Pflüger’s Archiv., Vol. XIV., p.
340; “Einige Versuche ueber Reflexbewegung mit dem Influenz-Apparat,”
Pflüger, Vol. XIV., p. 65. Joint author (with E. Baumann) of “Ueber das
Verhalten des Guanidin, Dicyanidin, und Cyandin im Organismus,” Pflüger,
Vol. XII., p. 205. Assisted Prof. Goltz in his work, “Ueber Verrichtungen
des Grosshirns.”
Made experiments jointly with E. Baumann on dogs and rabbits, also on the
brains of the former.
“… I dissected out the above-mentioned nerves in some of the animals I
had used before, and tried direct stimulation. Naturally even a weak
current must have a powerful effect, when in immediate contact with the
nerve, and the result was as I had anticipated. The animals croaked
once and made the wildest efforts to escape.…”--“_Einige Versuche ueber
Reflexbewegung_,” pp. 67-68.
=Gerlach, Leo.= M.D., Erlangen.
Author of “Ueber die Beziehungen der N. Vagi zu den glatten Muskelfasern
der Lunge,” Pflüger’s Archiv., Vol. XIII., p. 491.
Made experiments on curarised dogs and rabbits in the Laboratory of Prof.
Kühne, in Heidelberg, also in the Physiological Institute at Erlangen.
=Gibbes, Heneage=, 94, Gower Street, W.C. M.D., Aberd., 1881, M.B. and
C.M., 1879; L.R.C.P., Lond. 1879; (Univ. Aberd. and St. Barthol.); Mem.
Gen. Counc. Univ. Aberd.; Fell. Roy. Micros., Med., and Zool. Socs.; Mem.
Path. Soc., Phys. Met. Disp.; Lect. on Physiol. and Histol. West. Hosp.;
late Curator Anat. Mus., King’s Coll.
Author of “Practical Histology and Pathology,” 2nd edit. Contrib. various
papers to Quart. Journ. Micros. Sci., Lancet, etc.
_Held a License for Vivisection at the Laboratory and Outhouse in the
garden, 94, Gower Street, W.C., 1883. Certificate dispensing with
obligation to kill same year. Dr. Gibbes could also perform experiments
at the Physiological Laboratory and Anatomical Theatre, King’s College,
London._
=Gibson, George Alexander=, 1 Randolph Cliff, Edinburgh. M.D. Edin.,
1881; M.B. Edin., and C.M. 1876; F.R.C.P. Edin., 1880; M. 1879 (Edin.
Dub. and Berlin); Mem. Gen. Counc. Univ. Edin.; F.R.S.E.; F.G.S. Lond.;
Hon. Mem. (late Pres.) Dialec. Soc. Edin.; Mem. Brit. Association for
Adv. of Sci.; and British Med. Assoc.; Lect. on Med. Anat. and Phys.
Diagnosis, Edin. Sch. Med.; formerly Demonstrator of Anat. Univ. Edin.
Contrib. to _Lancet_, Rep. Brit. Assoc. for Adv. of Sci., Nature, Journ.
Anat. and Physiol., etc., etc.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Veterinary College, Clyde Street,
Edinburgh Laboratory and Physiological Class Room in 1879, and at
University Edinburgh Materia Medica Department, in 1880. Certificates for
Testing previous Discoveries in 1879 and 1880. No experiments returned in
1879._
=Gierke= (Dr.) Asst. Prof. Physiol. Inst., Breslau University.
=Glaevecke, Ludwig Christian H. J.= M.D. First Asst. Clin. Hosp. at Kiel,
1881.
Author of “Ueber die Ausscheidung und Vertheilung des Eisens im
thierischen Organismus,” Kiel, 1883.
Made experiments on animals to ascertain the effects of subcutaneous
injections of iron.
=Gluck, Theodor.= M.D. Asst. Inst. Clinic. Surg. Univ. of Berlin.
Extirpated sections of lungs in rabbits and dogs, and hopes to persuade
the medical profession to sanction extirpation and resection of the lungs
as a method of operative surgery.--_Archiv. fuer Klinische Chirurgie von
Langenbeck, Billroth, Gurlt_, Vol. 26, p. 916, Berlin, 1881. (See Block.)
=Golding-Bird, Cuthbert Hilton=, 13, St. Thomas Street, London, S.E. B.A.
Lon. (Honours), 1867; M.B. (Honours, Gold Medal in For. Med.), 1873;
F.R.C.S. Eng. (Exam.), 1874; L.R.C.P. Lond., 1872 (Guy’s and Paris);
Prizem. 1869-71-72; Gold Medallist in Chir. Med., and in Chir. Surg.,
1873; Mem. Path. and Chir. Socs.; Assistant Surg. and Demonst. of Pract.
Physiol., Guy’s Hosp. Contribs. to _Lancet_, _Brit. Med. Journ._, _Guy’s
Hosp. Reps._, &c.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Guy’s Hospital School Buildings
in 1881; also Certificate for Illustrations of Lectures, 1881. No
Experiments returned._
=Golgi, M. C.= Prof., Pavia.
Experiments on cerebral localization.--_Archiv. Ital._
Author of “Di una reazione apparamente nera delle cellule nervose
ottenuta col bicloruro di mercurio.”--_Arch. p. l. scienze mediche_, Vol.
III., 1879, N. 11.
=Goltz, Friedrich.= Direct. of Inst. for Exper. Physiol., Strasburg;
formerly prosector Univ. Königsberg, Prussia.
Author of “Beiträge zur Lehre von den Functionen der Nervencentren des
Frosches,” Berlin, 1869; “Verrichtungen des Grosshirns,” 1881; “Wider die
Humanaster,” 1883; “Ueber die physiologische Bedeutung der Bogengänge des
Ohrlabyrinths,” Pflüger’s Archiv., Vol. III., p. 172.
“I owe the fundamental idea of my method of experimentation to the memory
of my experience as prosector at Königsberg. I have often dissected out
the arteries of the brain filled with torpid matter.… I resolved to try
whether it would be possible to rinse out the living brain and spare the
larger veins. The very first effort was so successful that it encouraged
me to proceed, and that was the origin of this work.… All my experiments
were made on dogs which I chloroformed before the operation. To bare
the skull, I generally made first a cut in the centre and separated the
skin on one side, so that the muscles of the temples were visible. Then
according to the experiment I wished to make, a portion of the muscle was
cut away to expose the place in the bone where the hole was to be bored.
According to the requirements of the case, one, two, or still more holes
were bored, and after making a cut in the head skin, the brain matter
was rinsed out. I generally used spring water, heated to the temperature
of the blood.… At all events till now, as far as my knowledge of the
literature of this subject goes, no one has succeeded in making such
extensive destruction of the brain and still preserving life. I have
succeeded in a series of experiments made at different intervals, in so
seriously injuring one hemisphere, that all the circumvolutions that
touched the skull had disappeared. The animal lived for weeks with its
crippled brain, and served for many observations.”--_Verrichtungen des
Grosshirns_, pp. 3-8. (A work dedicated to his “English Friends.”)
“It is not often that two physiologists agree in matters relating to the
physiology of the brain.”--_Ibid._, p. 9.
“I do not by any means claim that my researches can be of any value in
themselves for the pathology of the human brain. Let the pathologists
continue steadily to collect facts, then the apparent contradictions
between the experiments on animals and the observations at the bedside
will soon be reconciled.”--_Ibid._, p. 176.
“The fact that both in tortoises and in toads, the extirpation of the
cerebellum and the superior two-thirds of the bulbus _does not abolish_
the sense of equilibrium, proves that the too widely generalised theory
of Goltz which localises this sense in the cerebellum, as also that of
Vulpian, who in the inferior vertebrates, places the seat of this sense
in the part corresponding to the annular protuberance of the superior
vertebrates, are both equally inexact.--Florence, June, 1883.”--FANO,
“_Recherches expérimentales sur un nouveau centre automatique dans le
tractus bulbo-spinal._”--_Arch. ital. de Biol._, Vol. III., p. 368.
“It is self evident, that Goltz’s experience, when quoted against
the localizations of functions in the cortex of the brain is of no
worth.”… (p. 11). “Professor Goltz’s assumption that irritation sets up
inhibitory processes, having their seat in the cerebrum, which cause,
through paralysis of certain centres situated in the cerebellum and its
connections, all the non-permanent disturbances,--this assumption is
inadmissible” (p. 13).--Munk, _Ueber die Functionen der Grosshirn-Rinde._
“After I had laid bare the bone behind the ear of the pigeon, I bored
out, bit by bit, with the help of a sharp hollow chisel, the ear
labyrinths on both sides of the head. The bleeding caused by this
operation is very considerable. In those cases where I endeavoured
to destroy entirely both labyrinths, the birds died soon after the
operation with violent rolling movements or somersaults. For this reason
I afterwards contented myself with breaking out pieces of the superficial
canals. Many of the thus injured birds I have kept alive a long time, and
especially two which I had operated upon half a year ago, and which I
exhibited at the Congress of Naturalists at Innspruck on 21st September,
1869.”--Pflüger’s _Archiv._, Vol. III., pp. 177-78.
“The sanguinary part of the operation begins with the insertion of the
cannula to supply artificial respiration. Then the right carotid artery
is dissected out. Afterwards, while artificial respiration is being
set up, a square opening is made in the left wall of the chest with a
knife and the bone scissors. The opening is extended far into the right
pleural cavity, and widened downwards till it reaches the diaphragm
which is severed from the ribs. It is best to make the opening in the
chest large enough to avoid any pressure on the heart from the lungs or
other neighbouring parts. The pericardium is opened wide so that the
greatest possible surface of the heart may be exposed to the action of
the atmospheric air. After this sanguinary preparation the catheter is
introduced from the right carotis into the aorta, and from thence to
the left ventricle of the heart. As soon as it has reached this point
(which fact can be ascertained by feeling the exposed heart) the stopper
(of the instrument previously described) is withdrawn. The next systole
sends a powerful stream of blood into the catheter, which is immediately
checked by fixing the gutta percha end of the previously set manometer
on this conducting catheter. Now begins the observation which richly
repays the tedious and bloody preparation. The heart pumps out the
manometer with surprising rapidity.… We have repeated this experiment six
times.”--“_Ueber die Druckverhältnisse im Innern des Herzens_,” Pflüger’s
_Archiv._, Vol. XVII., p. 113.
=Gombault= (Dr.), 3, Rue Rouget-de-l’Isle, Paris. Prof. Path. Anat.
Practical Courses.
=Greenfield, William Smith=, 7, Heriot Row, Edinburgh. M.D. Lond., 1874;
F.R.C.P. Lond., 1879; F.R.C.P. Edin., 1881; M.R.C.S. Eng., 1872; (Univ.
Coll.); Fell. Univ. Coll. Lond. and Roy. Med. Chir. Soc.; Mem. Path.
and Clin. Socs.; Fell. Roy. Micros. Soc.; Prof. of Gen. Path. and Clin.
Med. Univ. Edin.; late Asst. Phys. and Lect. on Path. Anat. St. Thomas’s
Hosp.; Prof. Superint. Brown Inst.; Phys. Roy. Infirm. for Childr. and
Wom., Waterloo Road; Phys. Roy. Hosp. for Dis. of Chest, and Med. Regist.
St. Thomas’s Hosp.
Trans. “Magnan on Alcoholism;” “Lancereaux’s Atlas of Pathological
Anatomy.” Author of Sect. on “Renal Pathology,” new Syd. Soc. Atlas
of Path.; (jointly) “Report on Pyæmia and Allied Diseases” (for Path.
Soc. and Loc. Govt. Board), 1879. Contrib. “Lectures on the Pathology
of Anthrax and Allied Diseases,” Lancet and Brit. Med. Journ., 1880 and
1881; various papers in Trans. Path. and Clin. Socs. and elsewhere.
_Held a License for Vivisection at Brown Institution, Laboratory Stables
and Post Mortem Room, in 1879-80-81. Certificates for Experiments without
anæsthetics in 1879-80-81. No experiments returned in 1881._
=Gréhant, Louis François Nestor=, 17, Rue de Berthollet, Paris. B. at
Laon, Aisne, France, 1838. M.D. Asst. curator at the Museum of Nat.
Hist., Paris; formerly Mem. Biol. Soc., Paris; _préparateur_ of the
Course of Physiol. at Fac. of Sci.
Author of “Tableau d’analyse chimique conduisant à la détermination de
la base et de l’acide d’un sel inorganique isolé, avec les couleurs
caracteristiques des precipités,” Paris, 1862; “Recherches physiques sur
la respiration de l’homme,” Paris, 1864; “Manuel de physique médicale,”
Paris, 1869; “Sur l’endomose des gaz à travers les poumous détachés,”
Gaz. Med. de Paris, 1878; “Sur l’activité physiologique des reins,”
_Ibid._, 1879; “Recherches quantitatives sur l’èlimination de l’oxyde
de carbone,” _Ibid._; “Recherches comparatives sur l’exhalation de
l’acide carbonique par les poumons,” Journ. de l’Anat. et Physiol., 1880;
“Influence de la section des pneumogastriques sur l’exhalation d’acide
carbonique par les poumons” Arch. pour les Sci. Med. 1882.
“Dr. Gréhant recently made an interesting communication to the Biological
Society, on the quantity of alcohol that would be necessary to produce
fatal effect. With this view he performed a series of experiments, the
results of which were always identical. By means of an œsophagal tube,
Dr. Gréhant injected into the stomach of a dog thirty grammes of alcohol
every half hour until the animal died. At the post-mortem examination, he
found that the blood of the animal contained a proportion of one part of
absolute alcohol to 100 parts of blood.”--_Lancet_, Jan. 20th, 1883, p.
125.
“I prepared in a large gutta percha balloon a mixture of 100 litres of
air and 255 cubic centimetres of pure oxide of carbon, which made 1/392
of poisonous gas; I then opened the jugular vein in a dog of 9 kilos.,
and with a long india-rubber catheter introduced into the vena cava
inferior, drew out 30 centimetres of blood, put it into a flask and
defibrinised it by agitating it a few minutes. The animal’s head was then
placed in a gutta percha muzzle communicating with the top of the balloon
containing the oxide of carbon, and the animal was allowed to breathe
into it for half-an-hour. During the last two minutes a second quantity
of blood was taken from the vena cava and defibrinised; then the animal
was allowed to breathe in the air, and half-an-hour later a third sample
of blood was taken.…”--_On the absorption of Oxide of Carbon_ (Note
presented to the Acad. of Sc. by M. Gréhant, April 8, 1878,) _Archives de
Méd._, 1878, Vol. I., p. 750.
=Griffini, L.= Prof. Path. Anat. Lab. Univ. of Messina.
Author of “Sur l’action toxique de la salive humane,” Arch. ital. de
Biol., Paris, 1882.
“After the experiments of Vulpian showing that the saliva of a healthy
man has a poisonous effect on rabbits, it was necessary to seek for an
explanation of this unforeseen result. Therefore, the author of this
essay determined to make a series of experiments to explain the malady
which is produced in rabbits by the subcutaneous injection of human
saliva.”--_Arch. ital. de Biol._, Vol. II., Part I., p. 106.
=Groves, J. W.=, King’s College, London.
_Held a License for Vivisection at King’s College Physiological
Laboratory in 1881 and 1882. No experiments returned._
=Gruber, A.= Prof. Zool. and Zoot., Freiburg, in Baden University.
=Grützner, P.= Prof. Animal Physiol., Berne University.
Author of “Ueber Verschiedene Arten der Nervenerregung.” Pflüger’s
Archiv, Vol. XVII., p. 215; “Beiträge zur Physiologie der Harnsecretion,”
Ibid., Vol. II.
Made experiments on dogs and rabbits in the Physiological Institute at
Breslau.
“Exp. II. Dog not curarised: spinal marrow cut through at the beginning
of the operation; also the vagi severed, nitrate of soda injected.
“Exp. III. Dog strongly curarised, and the medulla stimulated repeatedly
by galvanic currents. Injections of nitrate of soda.
“Exp. VII. Dog curarised; nerves of the left kidney torn through, medulla
subjected to electric stimulation. The vagi cut through.
“Exp. XI. Dog curarised; nerves of the left kidney torn through,
digitalis and strychnine injected. Result cramps.”--Pflüger’s _Archiv._
Vol. II., p. 370.
=Gscheidlen, Richard.= M.D.; Prof. Physiol.; Direct. Physiol. Lab.,
Wurzburg.
Author of “Ueber einige Physiologische Wirkungen der Calabarbohne,”
in “Untersuchungen aus dem Physiologischen Laboratorium in Wurzburg,”
Leipsig, 1869; “Physiologische Methodik,” 4th edit., Brunswick, 1879.
Forty-one experiments on rabbits and cats.
“… Large doses cause violent cramps and convulsions. The animal struggles
for breath, and writhes on the board to which it is fastened, and all the
symptoms of the most violent dyspnœa set in. If the skin of the animal
is slightly raised, it can be observed that the venous blood-vessels are
puffed and swollen and contain dark blood. It soon becomes impossible to
see how the animal breathes, and death follows.”--_Untersuchungen aus dem
Physiologischen Lab. in Wurzburg_, 1869, p. 275.
=Guareschi, I.= Univ. Turin.
Extract of putrified human brains injected into frogs, results resembling
those of curare. Communicated to R. Academy Sciences, Turin, May, 1882.
=Gubler, Adolphe Goblet.= B. at Metz, 1822, d. 1879. Studied Med. Paris;
Silver Medallist, 1847; M.D. Paris, 1849; Chef de Clinique of Prof.
Bouillaud, 1850; Mem. Acad. Med., 1865; succeeded Prof. G. See, Prof.
Therapeutics, 1868.
Founded “Journal de Thérapeutique,” 1874; Author of “Commentaires
Thérapeutiques du Codex,” 1867.
=Guébhart= (Mons.), Paris. Prof. Physics Medical Faculty.
=Günther, Albert=, Surbiton, Surrey. M.A. and Ph.D. Tübingen, 1853; M.D.
1862; Diploma in Med. and Surg. Stuttgart, 1857; F.R.S.; F.Z. S.; Mem.
Royal Soc. Sc. Upsala; Corr. Mem. Bristol Nat. Soc. and Liverpool Lit.
and Phil. Soc.; Assist. Keeper Zool. Dept. British Museum.
Author of “Medical Zoology,” Stuttgart, 1858; Catalogue “Fish,” British
Museum, 1859-70, &c.; late Editor “The Record of Zoological Literature.”
Made experiments jointly with L. Brück on the influence of lesions of
certain portions of the brain on animal heat.--Pflüger’s _Archiv._, 1870,
p. 578.
“… I requested the students, Messrs. Brück and Günther, to repeat the
experiments of Tscheschichin and Sewitzky.… The animals were, as in
previous experiments, rabbits. The lesions were invariably made through
the unopened skull.… Out of 23 experiments, 11 gave positive, and 12
negative results. These experiments have given us the following facts
for further study:--The division of the brain between the pons varolis
and the medulla oblongata may produce heightened temperature. Seven
experiments of this section were made; in two only the results were
as above; but in these two cases the evidence was in a high degree
satisfactory. In four cases the temperature sank after the operation;
in one the action was so positive that the temperature of the animal
which had been bound for seven hours did not sink any lower after the
operation, which it is well known generally happens.”--Heidenhain,
Pflüger’s _Archiv._, Vol. III., pp. 579-80.
_Held a License for Vivisection (no place named) in 1882. Also
Certificate for Experiments without anæsthetics same year._
=Hall, Marshall.= B. at Basford, Notts., 1790; d. 1857. M.D., Edin.,
1812; M. 1827; F.R.C.P., 1841; Lect. on the Theory and Practice of
Medicine at St. Thomas’ Hosp.; Consulting Phys. to Moorcroft Lunatic
Asylum, Uxbridge; Gulstonian Lecturer Roy. Coll. Physicians, 1842;
F.R.S.L., and E.
Author of “The Principles of Diagnosis,” London and Nottingham, 1817;
“Medical Essays,” London and Nottingham, 1825; “Diseases of Females,”
1826; “Effects of Loss of Blood,” 1828; “Researches principally relative
to the morbid and curative effects of loss of blood,” London, 1830; “An
essay on the circulation of the Blood, especially as observed in the
minute and capillary vessels of the Batrachia and of Fishes,” London,
1831; “Lectures on the nervous system and its diseases,” London, 1836;
“Memoirs on the nervous system,” London, 1837; “Practical observations
and suggestions in medicine,” London, 1846; “Essay on the theory of
convulsive diseases,” London, 1848.
=Hällsten, K.= Prof. Physiol. in Helsingfors, Finland.
Author of “Handledning för nybegynnare vid histologiska öfningar” (Manual
of practical histology for beginners), Helsingfors, 1878. Contrib. to
Scandinavian Med. Archives.
Made experimental researches on the irritability of various parts of the
same nerve.
=Harley, George=, 25, Harley Street. M.D. Edin., 1850; F.R.C.P. Lond.,
1864; F.R.C.P. Edin., 1858; M.R.C.S. Eng., 1850; F.R.S.; F.C.S.; Corr.
Mem. Roy. Acad. Med. Madrid; Roy. Acad. Sci. Bavaria; Phys. and Med.
Soc. Wurzburg; Med. Soc. Halle, and Micros. Soc. Giessen; Mem. Path. Soc.
Lond.; Fell. Roy. Med. Chir. Soc. Lond.; Mem. Roy. Med. Soc. Edin., etc.,
etc., formerly Prof. Med. Jurisprudence and Lect. on Histology and Pract.
Physiol. Univ. Coll.; Pres. Paris Med. Soc.
Editor of “A Year Book of Medicine, Surgery and their allied Sciences,”
London, 1860, etc.; author of “On Digestion,” 1859; “Action of Chem. and
Phys. Agents on the Blood,” Phil. Trans. 1865; “Jaundice, its pathology
and treatment,” London, 1863; “Albuminaria, with and without Dropsy, its
different forms and treatment,” London, 1866; “Diabetes, its different
forms and different treatments,” London, 1866, etc.
Made experiments on the physiological action of animal poisons, on dogs,
cats, and frogs.
“The experiments were performed at University College, in the presence of
my colleagues, Professors Sharpey, Ellis, and Williamson.… A large dog
was bitten by one of the snakes over the right eye.… In three minutes
the dog became very restless, and gave a low whine as if of pain. After
moving about the room for ten minutes searching for a comfortable place
to lie down on, he placed himself in the coolest part of the chamber, and
laid his head on the cold stones, as if to relieve headache. He moaned
as if in distress.… As the effects of the poison passed away, the pulse
gradually recovered.… The serpent was once more allowed to bite him. The
same train of symptoms again appeared, but in a more intense degree, and
within twenty-five minutes he had become insensible.… Half an hour after
being bitten the second time, convulsive twitchings began to appear in
the fore limbs and muscles of the neck. In ten minutes more the whole
body became convulsed. The limbs were stretched out and the head jerked
backwards.… In two hours and a quarter the animal appeared to be dead,
but on making an incision into the thorax, he gave a gasp. After waiting
some time without observing any further sign of life, another incision
was made, when he again gasped, but only once.”--“_On the influence of
physical and chemical agents upon the blood_,” _Trans. Roy. Soc._, Vol.
155, p. 700.