3.{88-3} =ni pasarse= [_de la raya_] =ni llegarse= = _not to cross the
line nor even to come up to it_. Translate: _I draw the line there_, or
_you must not go too far_.
4.{88-4} =No exprima ... zumo=. This proverbial saying comes from the
fact, well known to southern Spaniards, that if the orange is squeezed
too much, the juice will taste of the bitter peel. Here it means: _do
not go too far_.
5.{88-5} =con él= = _con su ministerio_.
6.{88-6} =estaba hacía=; cf. page 12, note 2.
7.{88-7} =esto=; the preceding clause is the antecedent.
8.{88-8} Note that =unido esto al conocimiento individual= is here felt
to be a plural subject of =hacían=.
=Page 89.=--1.{89-1} =Y tú lo que debes=; note that =tú= is more
emphatic than if it was placed immediately before its verb, =debes=.
2.{89-2} =de manera ... vivir=, _almost to death_.
=Page 90.=--1.{90-1} =presurosa=; cf. page 4, note 2.
2.{90-2} =de lo que=. This word order is common in Spanish. The English
word order would be =lo de que=.
3.{90-3} =en su vida=; when _en mi_ (_tu_, _su_, etc.) _vida_, like
_jamás_, _nada_, etc., precedes the verb, _no_ is omitted. See _vida_ in
Vocab.
4.{90-4} =lo=; cf. page 5, note 2.
5.{90-5} =¡Á ése ... que=, _he is the one to whom_. Note the redundant
=á= before =ése=.
=Page 91.=--1.{91-1} =que va mucho de ... á=, _there is a great distance
between ... and_.
2.{91-2} =tiene echada el alma atrás=, _he has cast away his soul_.
3.{91-3} =Haga yo ... quiera=, _may I do my duty, and God's will be
done_.
4.{91-4} =césped= is the subject of =cubre=.
=Page 92.=--1.{92-1} =No parece sino que=, _it seems only to have_.
2.{92-2} =eran=; translate _it was_.
3.{92-3} =que tienen ... quede= = _que tienen bastante para dar y para
que les quede algún_ (=perfume=).
=Page 93.=--1.{93-1} =Aquélla á ... conversación=, _on the one following
his conversation_.
2.{93-2} =no cumple ... propósito= = _no cumple un mal propósito tan
fácilmente como lo concibe_.
=Page 94.=--1.{94-1} For the life and works of Trueba, see pages
xii-xiii of the _Introduction_. The text of _Ten-con-ten_ is taken from
the _Obras de Don Antonio de Trueba, Tomo IX, Nuevos cuentos populares,
Madrid, 1905_. The complete story is that of a monarch who tried to
please everybody in a country divided by political factions. In his
trouble he turned to General Robles for advice, and the general, in
order to convince the monarch that he could not succeed in his effort to
please everybody, told the story that is given in this volume. The king
listened to this story, but he did not heed its moral, with the result
that he lost his throne and was driven into exile.
2.{94-2} =dícese ... lleva= (lit., _it is said that when the river
sounds it brings water_), _where there is smoke, there is a fire_.
=Page 95.=--1.{95-1} =Traga-santos=; a play on the double meaning of the
word _tragar_, 'to swallow' and 'to believe implicitly in'. See in the
Vocab. _Animalejos_ and other proper nouns.
=Page 96.=--1.{96-1} =es para ... referida=, _must be imagined; it
cannot be told_.
=Page 97.=--1.{97-1} =El alma ... Traga-santos=, _poor Traga-santos'
heart sank into his shoes_.
2.{97-2} =víctimas=; this paragraph is a sarcastic allusion to the
irreligious way in which the holiday of San Isidro is observed at
Madrid.
3.{97-3} =y más=, _the more so_.
4.{97-4} =¿cuál no ... asombro=, _imagine the amazement_.
=Page 98.=--1.{98-1} =para que ... lloviese=, _in order that he should
see to it that it did not rain_.
2.{98-2} It is said that in the rural districts of both Spain and
Spanish America the images of saints have been beaten or stoned because
prayers were not granted. The scene that is given here is, probably,
purely imaginary.
3.{98-3} =¡Lo que ... lluvia!=, _the fact is that the rain ceased!_
(lit., _flew away immediately_)
=Page 99.=--1.{99-1} =en ... ser=, _valued so little the fact that it
was_.
=Page 100.=--1.{100-1} =é hizo ... escultor=, _and had a good sculptor
make him...._
2.{100-2} =lo mucho que=, _how much_.
3.{100-3} =ni al Santo ... Dios=. = _ni Dios le niega nada al Santo_.
4.{100-4} =lo santo que=, _so saintly as_.
=Page 101.=--1.{101-1} =era de muerte=, _was to be killed_. _Dar la
muerte,_ i.e. the killing of the bull, is the crowning and most
dangerous feat of the bull-fighter.
2.{101-2} =¡qué quiere ... rezar!=, _what do you expect me to do but
pray_, or _what can I do but pray!_
=Page 103.=--1.{103-1} =arrégleselas=, _manage it_. Note again the fem.
personal pronoun, with the force of an indefinite pronoun.
=Page 104.=--1.{104-1} =¿Si nos irán=, _I wonder whether they are
going_.
2.{104-2} =nos doblan ... medio=, _they will close us up entirely_
(_like a jack-knife_).
=Page 105.=--1.{105-1} =¿Qué va á= = _¿qué va á apostar usted?_
2.{105-2} =Buena ... hacen=, _we are badly in need of them_ (_the
rains_).
=Page 106.=--1.{106-1} =hasta ... noche=, _until night was well
advanced_.
2.{106-2} =¡Qué lástima de fuego en ella=, _what a pity that fire does
not strike it_.
3.{106-3} =ha llovido=; in Spanish the present perfect is sometimes used
instead of the preterite to express an act that occurred recently.
4.{106-4} =Con un ... dar porque=, _we might be happy to-day, if_. This
is a vulgar paraphrase of the expression: _darse con un canto en los
pechos_.
=Page 107.=--1.{107-1} =por lo ... nosotros=, _for having acted so
kindly towards us_.
2.{107-2} =si al ... quisiera=, _if heaven had been left to do as it
pleased_.
3.{107-3} =que llueva ... llover=, _that it might rain or fail to rain_.
4.{107-4} =habrá quien=, _can there be any one who_. Here, as often,
_quien_ includes its antecedent.
=Page 108.=--1.{108-1} The irony of this mock-heroic proclamation and of
the lines that follow is characteristic of Trueba's later and riper
work.
2.{108-2} =cuanto ... parte=, _my part_, or _all that was in my power_.
3.{108-3} =si Dios tenia que=; this may be translated freely, _as much
as it could_.
=Page 109.=--1.{109-1} =una=; cf. _hacer una con_ = 'to play a trick
on.' Here una has the force of an indefinite pronoun; cf. page 19, note
3.
=Page 110.=--1.{110-1} =el que=, _the fact that_. Here the def. art.
introduces a subordinate clause. Cf. also page 16, note 4.
2.{110-2} See page ix of the _Introduction_.
=Page 111.=--1.{111-1} =echaba=; note here the use of the imp. ind. for
the cond. in a condition contrary to fact.
2.{111-2} =de=, _if_.
3.{111-3} Trueba takes this opportunity to offer good advice to budding
authors.
4.{111-4} =esto ó ... allá=, _this or that or the other_.
=Page 114.=--1.{114-1} For the life and works of Narciso Campillo, see
page xiii of the _Introduction_. The text of _Vino y frailes_ is taken
from _Una docena de cuentos, por D. Narciso Campillo, Madrid, 1878_.
2.{114-2} =grave y lentamente= = _gravemente y lentamente_.
3.{114-3} =admirábase=; note how frequently Campillo places the personal
pronoun-object after an indicative verb. This usage is not uncommon, but
it is generally considered incorrect except when the verb comes first in
a sentence or clause.
=Page 115.=--1.{115-1} =aplaste= and =perdone=; subjunctive with force
of imperative.
2.{115-2} =hubiese=, _whether there was_.
=Page 116.=--1.{116-1} =Padre había=, _there was a father or two_. Note
the indefinite use of =Padre=.
=Page 117.=--1.{117-1} =en cuyo dia=; the 24th of June is consecrated to
St. John.
=Page 120.=--1.{120-1} =resaltaba causante ... vino ...=, _it resulted
that the ... wine was the cause..._
2.{120-2} =¿Habría nadie=, _had anyone_.
=Page 121.=--1.{121-1} =caiga ... caiga=, _let him die who will_ (lit.,
_let him fall who may fall_).
2.{121-2} =á poco más se ve=, _a little more and he would have been_.
=Page 125.=--1.{125-1} =mas ... encargo=, _but he was not so
simple-minded that he did not recognize how arduous and annoying was the
commission_.
=Page 128.=--1.{128-1} =estruja=; cf. page 21, note 1.
2.{128-2} --=¡En mi vida me ha sucedido otra!= Here =otra= is an
indefinite pronoun: translate,--_never before in my life has such a
thing happened to me_. Cf. page 90, note 3; cf. also page 109, note 1.
3.{128-3} =Yo se los iría sacando ... por muy agarrados que estuvieran=,
_I should drive them out ..., however firmly they held on to him_.
=Page 129.=--1.{129-1} =tendría=; cf. page 2, note 3.
2.{129-2} =Más ... amenazando= (lit, _a lifted hat obtains more than do
six threatening swords_), _humility will accomplish more than
arrogance_.
3.{129-3} =no tan calvo que se le vean los sesos=, _do not overdo it_.
What is the literal meaning?
4.{129-4} =y sí=, _but is_.
=Page 130.=--1.{130-1}=--Alabado y bendito sea= (_Dios por siempre_), a
greeting used among the friars.
2.{130-2} =como que=, _acted as if_.
=Page 131.=--1.{131-1} =¡Dos mil ... usted!= _the devil take you!_
=Page 132.=--1.{132-1} For the life and works of Larra, see page ix of
the _Introduction_. The text of _El castellano viejo_ is taken from the
_Obras completas de D. Mariano José de Larra (Fígaro), Barcelona, 1886_.