ii. 32, 34
Rochester
surrenders to William the Red, i. 192;
to John, 354;
diocese of, i. 83
Rochester, Robert Carr, Viscount, v. 190-193.
_See_ Somerset
Rochester, Laurence Hyde, Earl of (_see_ Hyde), vii. 2, 20, 98
Rochester, John Wilmot, second Earl of, vi. 162
Rockingham, Charles Watson Wentworth, second Marquis of,
prime minister, vii. 329, 331;
relations with Burke, 332;
resigns, 339;
draws away from Chatham, viii. 16;
returns to office, 38;
opposes reform, 64;
death, 65
Rocroi, battle of, vi. 190
Rodney, Admiral, viii. 40
Roger, Bishop of Salisbury and justiciar, i. 215, 218, 219
Roger (the Poor), chancellor, i. 218
Rogers, John, iv. 91, 95
_Roland, Song of_, i. 163
Romance, growth of, i. 246, 247
Romances,
the French, ii. 357;
their influence on Chaucer, 360
Rome,
disappearance of its influence in England, i. 41, 44, 45;
returns with Augustine, 58, 59;
Ælfred's intercourse with, 113;
stormed by the Duke of Bourbon, iii. 269
Romorantin taken by the Black Prince, ii. 261
Romsey, Abbey of, i. 199
Rookwood of Euston Hall, iv. 308
Roper's _Life of More_, iii. 83
Rosbecque, battle of, ii. 349
Roses, Wars of the,
their beginning, iii. 77;
their results, 86, 87
Ross, General, viii. 204
Rossbach, battle of, vii. 263
Rostopchin, Count, viii. 162
Roucoux, battle of, vii. 231
Rouen,
William I. dies at, i. 190;
besieged by Lewis VII., 254, 255;
Arthur murdered at, 268;
siege of, by Henry V., iii. 33, 34;
Jeanne d'Arc burnt at, 54;
Henry VI.'s court at, 55;
besieged by Henry IV. of France, iv. 371;
relieved by Parma, _ib._
Rouergue restored to Edward III., ii. 266
"Roundheads," v. 372
Roundway Down, battle of, vi. 6
Royal Society, its beginnings, vi. 132, 165, 166
Rudolf II., Emperor, v. 177
Runnymede, i. 347
Rupert, Prince,
captures Brentford, vi. 3;
his raid on Buckinghamshire, 9, 10;
Bristol surrenders to, 12;
defeated at Marston Moor, 19, 22;
commands royalist ships, 71, 78;
struggle with Blake, 78;
sea-fights with the Dutch, 238, 277;
returns to the Council, 278;
his "drops," 166
Rushworth's collection of State papers, v. 72
Russell, John, Lord, iv. 47, 56.
_See_ Bedford
Russell, William, Lord,
head of the Country party, vi. 272;
correspondence with Barillon, 298;
takes office, 300;
supports the Exclusion, 306;
resigns, 315;
beheaded, 337;
his attainder reversed, vii. 66
Russell, Edward,
signs the invitation to William III., vii. 35;
goes to the Hague, 37;
commands the fleet, 77;
victory at La Hogue, 78;
member of the Junto, 85, 88;
resigns, 98;
impeached, 105
Russia,
its alliance with Maria Theresa, vii. 246;
treaty with George II., 247;
invaded by Napoleon, 198, 200
Russia Company, iv. 284
Ruthin burnt by Owen Glyndwr, iii. 10
Ruthven, Patrick, third Lord, iv. 225, 228, 230
Rutland, Edward, Earl of (Duke of Albemarle), iii. 7, 8.
_See_ Albemarle
Rutland, Edmund, Earl of, iii. 78
Rutland, John Manners, ninth Earl of, vii. 23
Ruyter, Admiral De,
his fights with Blake, vi. 88, 115;
with Monk and Rupert, 238;
with the Duke of York, 268
Rye-House plot, vi. 337
Rygge, Robert, chancellor of Oxford, ii. 340
Ryswick, Peace of, vii. 90, 91
Sacheverell, Dr., vii. 137
Sackville, Lord John, vii. 265
Sæberht, king of the East Saxons, i. 59
St. Albans,
risings of townsfolk at, ii. 84, 322, 325, 330-332;
battles at, iii. 73, 74, 78;
chroniclers of, i. 174, 273; ii. 43, 177;
council at, i. 339;
Parliament at, ii. 66
St. Andrews, Cardinal Beaton murdered at, iv. 33
St. Asaph's, John Trevor, bishop of, iii. 10
St. Cloud, battle of, iii. 23
St. Domingo
discovered, iv. 329;
English descent on, vi. 117
St. Edmundsbury,
abbey of, i. 104;
town of, 311-313;
battle near, 254;
meeting of barons at, 344;
strife of town and abbey, ii. 325-330
St. John, Henry, vii. 124;
his political writings, 138;
returns to office, 139;
intrigues against Marlborough, 140.
_See_ Bolingbroke
St. John, Oliver, v. 341, vi. 81
St. Leger, Sir Anthony, iv. 62
St. Lucia conquered by England, vii. 307
St. Malo, John of Gaunt defeated at, ii. 315
Saintonge
restored to Edward III., ii. 266;
won by Du Guesclin, 287
St. Pierre, Eustache de, ii. 245
St. Pol, Waleran, count of, iii. 6
St. Quentin, battle of, iv. 108
St. Ruth, General, vii. 73
St. Vincent, Cape, battles of, viii. 40, 127
St. Vincent, island of, conquered by England, vii. 307
Saladin tithe, i. 257
Salamanca, battle of, viii. 199, 200
Salisbury,
cathedral at, ii. 106;
Protestant martyrs at, iv. 96
Salisbury, Margaret, countess of, iii. 349
Salisbury, Robert Cecil, first earl of. _See_ Cecil
Salisbury, James Cecil, third earl of, vi. 288
Salisbury, William Longsword, earl of, i. 337, 342, 343, 345
Salisbury, William de Montacute, second earl of, ii. 306, 345, 352
Salisbury, John de Montacute, third earl of, ii. 380; iii. 8, 9
Salisbury, Thomas de Montacute, fourth earl of, iii. 45
Salisbury, Richard Neville, earl of, iii. 73, 74, 75, 78, 112
Salt-springs in Worcestershire, ii. 107
Sancroft, Archbishop of Canterbury, vii. 30, 45, 65
Sanders, Nicholas, iv. 316
Sandwich, Edward Montagu, first earl of, vi. 193, 214
_San Graal_, poem of the, i. 174, 247
San Sebastian, siege of, viii. 202
Santa Cruz, Blake's victory at, vi. 124
Saratoga, Burgoyne's surrender at, viii. 26
Sardinia
conquered by Spain, vii. 187;
the duke of Savoy made king of, 188
Sarsfield, Patrick, vii. 72, 73
Sarum, Old, captured by the West Saxons, i. 37
Saunders, Lawrence, iv. 91
Sautre, William, iii. 5
Savile, Sir Henry, v. 229
Savile, Sir John, v. 284
Savoy
joins the Grand Alliance, vii. 119;
joins the Triple Alliance, 187, 188
"Savoy," the, ii. 32, 263, 321;
conference at, vi. 204
Saxe, Marshal, vii. 226, 231
Saxons,
their early home, i. 10;
attack Britain, 28, 29, 31, 33, 34.
_See_ East Saxons, Middle Saxons, South Saxons, West Saxons
Saxony, Frederic III., elector of, iii. 254
Saxony, Maurice, Duke of, iv. 50, 51, 64
Say and Sele, James Fiennes, first Lord, iii. 66
Saye and Sele, William Fiennes, first Viscount, v. 320, 354, 358; vi.
194
Scales, Anthony Woodville, Lord, iii. 130, 131.
_See_ Rivers
Scarborough,
Piers Gaveston besieged in, ii. 190;
peasant revolt at, 324
Schmalkald, League of, iii. 336; iv. 36, 50
Scholasticism, ii. 21, 22;
its political influence, 22, 23
Schomberg, duke of, vii. 70, 71
Schools,
English language supersedes French in, ii. 356, 357;
founded by Ælfred, i. 114;
under Henry VIII., iii. 200, 201;
under Edward VI., 201; iv. 62;
under Elizabeth, iii. 201;
at Bec, i. 159;
at Canterbury, 92;
at Jarrow, 91;
at York, _ib._;
of the Friars, ii. 14;
Sunday, viii. 47
Science, physical,
Roger Bacon's plea for, ii. 20;
its beginnings in England, iii. 190; vi. 131, 132, 166, 167
Scone,
crowning-place of the Scottish kings, ii. 162;
Robert Bruce crowned at, 173;
Edward Balliol crowned at, 210;
Charles II. crowned at, vi. 82.
Scotland,
its relations with William the Conqueror, i. 189;
with William Rufus, 197;
three divisions of the kingdom, ii. 131;
relations with England in eleventh and twelfth centuries, 132-134;
English claims to its homage, 134, 135;
claimants of the crown, 136;
Edward I. acknowledged as its overlord, 137;
question of appeals from, 140;
relations with France during Hundred Years' War, 141, 197, 213;
submits to Edward I., 161;
rises against him, 167-170;
its overlordship claimed by the Pope, 170;
Edward's first conquest and settlement of, 171, 172;
his plan for its representation in English Parliament, 171;
rises again, 173;
Bruce's successes in, 191-193;
truce with England, 196;
renewed strife, 204;
its independence recognized, 205;
struggle with Edward III., 210-214;
David Bruce's plans for the succession, 264;
relations with Henry IV., iii. 7, 9;
with Owen Glyndwr, 11;
condition after Neville's Cross, 182, 183;
relations with France and England, 184;
with Henry VII., 185;
condition after 1524, iv. 22, 23;
league with France, 23;
relations with Henry VIII., 26-28;
Hertford's invasion of, 29;
Somerset's relations with, 52, 53;
Protestantism in, 111, 112, 115, 117;
condition under Mary of Guise and the Lords of the Congregation,
168, 169;
strife of religions in, 218;
unites against Mary, 245;
condition during minority of James VI., v. 122, 124;
work of the Stuarts in, 125, 126;
political effect of the Reformation in, 127;
character and rise of the people, 129, 130, 135;
proposal for its union with England, 154;
relations with Charles I., 325-328, 330, 333, 334;
revolution in, 334, 335;
rising in, 337;
seeks help of France, 338, 339;
struggle with Charles, 341, 342;
pacification, 363;
Charles I. in, _ib._, 364;
treaty with the English Parliament, vi. 14, 16;
first union with England, 85, 108;
its first representation in the English Parliament, 99, 101;
condition under Cromwell, 108, 109;
its union with England dissolved, 180;
Covenant abolished and Episcopacy restored in, 181;
policy of Lauderdale in, 259;
condition under James II., vii. 16, 17;
William III. recognized as king in, 51;
Jacobite risings in, 52, 183, 228-230;
Presbyterianism restored in, 54;
union with England, 127-129
Scots, i. 31;
submit to Eadward the Elder, 119;
league with Cumbrians and Welsh against Æthelstan, 119, 120;
alliance with Eadmund, 123;
conquer northern Northumbria, 146;
cession of Lothian to, its results, 147;
invade England, 217, 254;
their mode of warfare, ii. 204, 205;
recapture Berwick, 259, 263;
defeated at Homildon Hill, iii. 12;
besiege York, vi. 18;
besiege Newcastle, 23;
give up Charles I. to the Parliament, 49;
invade England again, 62;
defeated at Preston, _ib._
Scrope, Henry, Lord, iii. 30
Scrope, Richard, Archbishop of York, iii. 18
Scutage, i. 233, 257, 344, 350, 351; ii. 104
"Sea-dogs," the, iv. 331-333
Sectaries,
their rise, v. 117;
in London, vi. 28
Sedgemoor, battle of, vii. 10
Sedley, Sir Charles, vi. 163
Selden, John, v. 306, 322
Seminary priests, the, iv. 307-309, 354;
banished, v. 156
Senlac, i. 162, 163
Serfs, manumission of, i. 325.
_See_ Villeins
Seven Years' War,
its beginning, vii. 248;
its importance, 273-275;
its end, 307
Seville, Treaty of, vii. 200
Seymour, Sir Edward, vi. 253
Seymour, Jane, iii. 326, 351
Seymour, Thomas, Lord, iv. 47, 56
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley, Cooper, first earl of (_see_ Ashley
Cooper),
Lord Chancellor, vi. 271;
speech on the war, 272;
relations with the king, 275;
change of policy, 276, 277;
dismissed, 278;
his plans, 279, 280;
committed to the Tower, 288;
released, 295;
attitude towards the Popish plot, 295-297;
correspondence with Barillon, 298;
President of the Council, 300;
supports the Exclusion, 306, 307;
project for Monmouth's succession, 309, 310;
dismissed again, 311;
revives the plot, 312, 313;
struggle with Charles, 313-315, 321, 324;
arrested, 324;
bill of his indictment thrown out, 334;
popularity in London, _ib._;
flight and death, 336
Shakspere, William,
his early life, v. 27-31;
first plays, 31-35;
historical plays, 35-36, 38-40;
attitude towards religion, 37, 38;
political sympathies, 39, 40;
prosperity, 41, 42;
gloom, 42-44;
last plays, 45, 46;
demand for his works in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries,
vii. 292
Sharp, Rev. Dr., vii. 18
Shaxton, bishop of Salisbury, iii. 336, 347
Shelburne, William Fitzmaurice, second earl of,
President of the Board of Trade, vii. 315-319;
protests against the prosecution of Wilkes, 318;
resigns, 319;
advocates repeal of the Stamp Act, 331, 338;
takes office under Chatham, 340;
resigns office, viii. 6;
heads a ministry, 65;
makes peace with America, _ib._;
resigns, 66.
_See_ Lansdowne
Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury, vi. 162
Sheriffmuir, battle of, vii. 183
Sheriffs,
their position under William I., i. 185;
appointment regulated by Provisions of Oxford, ii. 61;
functions in the shire-court, 149;
disqualified from serving in Parliament, 300
Ship-money, v. 317;
Laud's developement of, 318;
Hampden's resistance to, 323;
its legality asserted by the judges, _ib._;
trial of Hampden's case, 324, 330;
judgement on, 331;
declared illegal, 352
Shires, i. 185;
restriction of franchise in, iii. 101, 102;
the six, of York, i. 295
Shire-court. _See_ County Court
Shire-reeves, i. 131
Shirley, James, v. 303
Shore, Jane, iii. 117
Shrewsbury (Pengwern), i. 98;
castle at, 168;
reduced by Llewelyn ap Jorwerth, ii. 55;
Parliament at, 121, 371;
battle of, iii. 14;
Charles I. at, vi. 2
Shrewsbury, John Talbot, first Earl of (_see_ Talbot), iii. 70, 71
Shrewsbury, Charles Talbot, twelfth Earl and first Duke of, vii. 23,
28;
signs the invitation to William, 35;
sends him funds, 37;
Secretary of State, 67;
negotiates with James, 77;
member of the Junto, 88;
President of the Council, 146
Shropshire ravaged by the Welsh, iii. 19
Sicily,
crown of, offered to Edmund of England, ii. 59;
ceded to Savoy, vii. 142, 186;
conquered by Spain, 187
Sidmouth, Henry Addington, first Viscount (_see_ Addington), viii.
174, 179, 183
Sidney, Algernon,
supports the Independents, vi. 45;
relations with Lewis XIV., 229, 298;
holds meetings with Monmouth, etc., 336;
beheaded, 337;
his attainder reversed, vii. 66
Sidney, Sir Henry, iv. 241
Sidney, Sir Philip, v. 6, 7, 11, 12
Sikhs, the, vii. 234
Simeon of Durham, i. 6, 173, 243
Simnel, Lambert, iii. 176
Siward, Earl of Northumbria, i. 150, 152, 153
Sixtus V., Pope, iv. 353
Skeffington, Lord Deputy in Ireland, iii. 328
Skelton, John, iii. 273; iv. 43
Slanning, Sir Nicholas, vi. 6
Slave-trade
at Bristol, i. 250;
negro, its beginning, iv. 283;
in the eighteenth century, viii. 52;
proposals for its abolition, _ib._, 79;
abolished, 178, 179
Slavery
in Old England, i. 16, 17;
dies out, 321, 322
Sluys, sea-fight off, ii. 228
Smerwick, slaughter of its garrison, iv. 316
Smith, Adam, viii. 73
Smith, John, settler of Virginia, v. 307
Smith, Sir Sidney, viii. 141
Smithfield,
Priory of St. Bartholomew at, i. 223;
Archbishop Boniface's visitation of, ii. 32
Smollett, Tobias, vii. 297
Snowdon, Lords of, ii. 53
Solway Moss, battle of, iv. 25
Somers, John, vii. 46;
member of the Junto, 85;
Lord Keeper, 88;
retires, 98;
impeached, 105;
arranges the Union with Scotland, 128;
President of the Council, 133;
of the Royal Society, vi. 166;
death, vii. 182
Somerset
conquered by West Saxons, i. 90;
rises against William I., 168;
lead-mines in, 30
Somerset, John Beaufort, Earl of, (Marquis of Dorset), iii. 7
Somerset, John Beaufort, first Duke of, iii. 59
Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, second Duke of (_see_ Beaufort),
Regent of France, iii. 62;
recalled, 67;
arrested, 68;
released, _ib._;
captain of Calais, 69;
committed to the Tower, 71, 72;
released, 72;
slain, 74
Somerset, Henry Beaufort, third Duke of, iii. 78, 80, 126
Somerset, Edmund Beaufort, fourth Duke of, iii. 140, 143-145
Somerset, Robert Carr, Earl of (_see_ Rochester), v. 193, 204-207
Somerset, Edward Seymour, Duke of (_see_ Hertford), iv. 46;
Protector, 47;
his policy, 48, 53, 54;
relations with Scotland, 52;
victory at Pinkie Cleugh, 513;
revolts against, 55;
his misrule, 56;
fall, 57;
beheaded, 65
Somerset, Charles Seymour, sixth Duke of, vii. 21, 146
Somerset, Frances, Countess of. _See_ Howard
Somerset, Margaret, Duchess of, iii. 161
Somerton captured by Æthelbald, i. 91
Somerville, plotter, iv. 350
Soranzo's _Despatches_, iv. 3
Sophia, Electress of Hanover, vii. 103, 144
Soult, Marshal, viii. 188, 200, 202
Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, first Earl of (_see_ Wriothesley),
iv. 47
Southampton, Henry Wriothesley, third Earl of, v. 41, 43
Southampton, Thomas Wriothesley, fourth Earl of, vi. 193, 244
South-Engle, i. 37, 119
Southey, Robert, viii. 135
South-folk, i. 42
South-Saxons, kingdom of, i. 34
South Sea Bubble, vii. 192
Southwark
burnt by William the Conqueror, i. 165;
Bishop Beaufort's palace at, attacked, iii. 44
Spain,
its relations with Aquitaine and France, ii. 281, 282;
Edward III.'s policy in, 282, 283, 287;
its growth under Ferdinand and Isabel, iii. 186;
its greatness under Philip II., iv. 325-327;
possessions in the New World, 329;
ruin of its power, 366;
its relations with James I., v. 212-214, 226, 227, 230-233;
decline, vi. 113, 190;
Cromwell's war with, 117;
relations with Charles II., 187;
with Lewis XIV., 249, 250;
joins the Grand Alliance, vii. 49;
dispute for the succession in, 90, 92-94, 98, 99;
English descent on, 118;
Peterborough's campaign in, 126;
attempts to regain its lost possessions, 186-188;
end of the succession quarrel, 188;
relations with Austria, 199, 200;
with France, 213-216;
efforts to regain monopoly of trade in America, 216, 217;
war with England, 219, 306;
cedes Florida, 307;
league with France and America, viii. 30;
mastered by Napoleon, 185;
rises against him, 186;
Wellesley's campaigns in, 187, 188, 199, 200;
the French driven from, 202
Speed's _Chronicle_, v. 4
Spencer, George John, second Earl, viii. 104, 156
Spenser, Edmund, v. 11-19
Spice Islands conquered by England, viii. 112
Spinola, Ambrogio, v. 219, 220
Spires, Diet of, iv. 19
_Sports, Book of_, v. 296
Spottiswood, Archbishop of St. Andrews, v. 326
Sprigge's _Anglia Rediviva_, v. 73
Spurs, battle of the, iii. 210
Stafford fortified by Æthelflæd, i. 118
Stafford, William Howard, Viscount, vi. 321
Stafford, Henry, iii. 166
Stafford, Sir Humphrey, iii. 66
Stafford, Thomas, iv. 107
Stair, John Dalrymple, second Earl of, vii. 229
Stamford,
one of the Five Boroughs, i. 117;
submits to Eadward the Elder, 119
Stamford Bridge, battle of, i. 162
Stamford, Henry Grey, first Earl of, vi. 5
Standard,
battle of the, i. 217;
Harold's, at Senlac, 163, 164;
of Wessex, the Golden Dragon, 96, 163
Stanhope, James, first Earl, vii. 182, 190, 192
Stanley, Thomas, Lord, iii. 171, 172
Stanley, Sir William, iii. 172
Staple, Gild of the, ii. 304;
reform of, under Richard II., 355
Star-Chamber, Court of, i. 256; ii. 112; iii. 178;
regulates the Press, iv. 343;
developement under Charles I., v. 278;
Laud's use of, 329;
its civil jurisdiction abolished by Long Parliament, 363
States-General, the French, viii. 83;
become a National Assembly, 86
Statutes
substituted for Ordinances, ii. 298, 299;
Petitions changed into, iii. 90;
of Apparel, 65;
of Appeals, 302;
of Occasional Conformity, vii. 123;
repealed, 184:
Conventicle, vi. 220;
Corporation, 207;
Declaratory, vii. 338;
of Economical Reform, viii. 64. 76;
of First-fruits, iii. 302, 304;
Five Mile, vi. 229;
of Grace, vii. 69;
Habeas Corpus, vi. 305, 306;
suspended, vii. 184; viii. 105, 113;
of Heresy, iii. 4, 5;
repealed, iv. 61;
re-enacted, 89;
of Indemnity and Oblivion, vi. 194, 196, 204;
of Kilkenny, ii. 377;
of Labourers, 255;
attempts to enforce, 289, 313;
demand for their repeal, iii. 65;
of Libel, viii. 92;
of Liveries, iii. 118, 177;
of Maintenance, ii. 355; iii. 105;
of Merchants, ii. 122;
Mutiny, vii. 61, 62;
of Mortmain, ii. 118, 119;
Navigation, vi. 86; vii. 310;
Poor Laws, iv. 276, 277;
Poynings', iii. 181;
repealed, viii. 37, 39;
of Præmunire, ii. 274, 355;
of Provisors, 273, 275, 355;
"Quia Emptores," 124, 151;
"de Religiosis," 118;
of Rights, vii. 60;
Schism, 143;
repealed, 184;
of Security, 129;
Septennial, 185;
of Settlement, 103, 127;
Stamp, 326, 327;
American resistance to, 330;
Pitt and Shelburne demand its repeal, 331;
repealed, 338;
of Succession, iii. 317; iv. 45, 67;
of Supremacy, iii. 305; iv. 157;
Test, iv. 215, 273, 308; vi. 273;
James II.'s endeavours to procure its repeal, vii. 22, 23;
Toleration, 64;
of Treason, ii. 292; iii. 314, 319;
Triennial, v. 352; vii. 88;
of Union with Scotland, 128;
of Union with Ireland, viii. 139;
of Uniformity, iv. 159; vi. 208;
of Uses, ii. 355;
of Wales, 121;
of Westminster, the first, 103;
second, 122;
third, 124;
of Winchester, 122;
against Witchcraft, v. 105, 106
Steam-engine, invention of the, viii. 57-59
Steel Yard, the, iv. 282
Steele, Richard, vii. 158
Steinkirk, battle of, vii. 79
Stephen of Blois, i. 214;
chosen king, 215;
crowned, 216;
his charter, _ib._;
revolts against him, 216, 217;
quarrel with the Church, 218, 219;
struggle with Matilda, 219, 220;
proposes to crown his son, 226;
treaty with Henry, 227;
death, 228
Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, i. 161, 187
Stillingfleet, Edmund, vi. 252; vii. 19
Stirling,
battle of, ii. 168;
surrenders to Edward, 171;
invested by Bruce, 191;
Lords of the Congregation muster at, iv. 245
Stoke, battle of, iii. 176
Stokes, Peter, ii. 340
Stow, battle of, vi. 42
Stowe's _Chronicle_, v. 4
Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, Earl of (_see_ Wentworth),
his war policy, v. 340-342;
impeached, 350;
trial, 356;
attainder, 357;
death, 361
Stralsund, siege of, v. 274
Strassburg seized by Lewis XIV., vi. 335
Stratford-on-Avon, Shakspere's home at, v. 28, 41, 46
Stratford-le-Bow, Protestant martyrs at, iv. 144
Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 232
Strathclyde,
its struggle with Æthelfrith, i. 60;
submits to Eadward the Elder, 119
Streoneshealh. _See_ Whitby
Strickland, member of Parliament in 1571, iv. 292
Strode, one of the "five members," v. 373
Strongbow. _See_ Clare, Richard of
Strype's historical collections, iii. 84; iv. 3, 4
Stuart, Arabella, v. 121
Stuart, Charles Edward, vii. 227-230
Stuart, Esmé. _See_ Lennox
Stuart, James Francis, son of James II., vii. 34, 35;
known as the "Old Pretender," 103;
acknowledged as king by Lewis XIV., 106;
attainted, 107;
withdraws to Lorraine, 143;
plans a rising in Scotland, 183;
proclaimed as "James VIII." at Edinburgh, 228
Stuart, Lord James, Prior of St. Andrews, iv. 114, 199.
_See_ Murray
Stuarts, the,
their work in Scotland, v. 125, 126;
their lack of sympathy with England, 148, 149
Stubbs, John, iv. 337, 338
Stukely, Sir Thomas, iv. 315
Suchet, General, viii. 191
Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury, ii. 320, 323
Suffolk, Charles Brandon, Duke of,
his campaign in France, iii. 247;
policy at home, 270, 277;
President of the Council, 286;
marriage, iv. 46, 69
Suffolk, Frances Grey, Duchess of, iv. 69
Suffolk, Henry Grey, Duke of, iv. 65, 69, 82, 84
Suffolk, Thomas Howard, first Earl of, v. 191, 204
Suffolk, Michael de la Pole, Earl of. _See_ Pole
Suffolk, William de la Pole, Earl of, iii. 59, 61-63
Sunderland, Robert Spencer, second Earl of, vi. 301;
opposes the Exclusion, 307, 310;
urges Charles II. to yield to it, 319, 321;
relations with Charles, vii. 2;
with James II., 12;
betrays James to William, 37;
urges the calling of a Parliament, 39;
dismissed, 40;
character, 82;
his ministerial system, 83, 84, 98
Sunderland, Charles Spencer, third Earl of,
ambassador at Vienna, vii. 125;
Secretary of State, 131;
his policy, 132;
dismissed, 139;
in the Stanhope ministry, 190
Surajah Dowlah, vii. 261, 262
Surrey, rising in, iii. 64
Surrey, Thomas Holland, Duke of (Earl of Kent), iii. 7, 8
Surrey, Henry Howard, Earl of, iv. 42-45
Surrey, Thomas Howard, second Earl of, iii. 210.
_See_ Norfolk
Surrey, Thomas Howard, third Earl of, iii. 244, 248.
_See_ Norfolk
Surrey, Earls of. _See_ Warenne
Sussex
accepts Wulfhere's overlordship, i. 85;
conquered by Ine, 90;
rising in, iii. 64;
Protestant martyrs in, iv. 96;
ironworks in, iv. 279.
_See_ South Saxons
Sussex, Thomas Ratcliffe, third Earl of, iv. 111, 240, 241, 269
Swan, Edward I.'s vow on the, ii. 95, 173, 174
Sweden united under King Eric, i. 128
Swein I., king of Denmark, i. 140-143
Swein II., Estrithson, king of Denmark, i. 167
Swein, son of Earl Godwine, i. 150, 151, 152
Swereford, Alexander de, ii. 43
Swift, Jonathan, vi. 158; vii. 138
Swineshead, abbey of, i. 356
Swinford, Catherine, ii. 369; iii. 59
Sydenham, Thomas, vi. 166
Table, the Round,
legends of, i. 247;
of Edward I., ii. 95;
of Edward III., 249, 290
"Tables," the, v. 331, 333
Taillebourg, battle of, ii. 35
Taillefer, i. 163
Tailors' gild at Exeter, i. 318
Talavera, battle of, viii. 188
Talbot, John, Lord, iii. 56, 63.
_See_ Shrewsbury
Taliesin, ii. 53, 57
Tallard, Marshal, vii. 120
Talleyrand, Maurice de, viii. 206
Tamworth fortified by Æthelflæd, i. 118
Tancred, king of Sicily, i. 260
Tangier
ceded to England, vi. 192;
English garrison withdrawn from, vii. 4
Taunton
founded by Ine, i. 89;
Blake's defence of, vi. 78;
Monmouth at, vii. 9