in Pembrokeshire, ii. 48, 55;
settle in England under Edward III., 226;
besiege Bouvines, 234;
attack France, 244
Fletcher, Giles, v. 304
Fletcher, Phineas, v. 304
Fleurus, battles of, vii. 75; viii. 109
Flint,
Richard II. taken prisoner at, ii. 381;
castle captured by Owen Glyndwr, iii. 11
Flodden, battle of, iii. 210
Flood, Henry, viii. 37
Florence,
revival of letters at, iii. 189;
commercial treaty with, iv. 282
Florence of Worcester, i. 6, 173, 280
Florida,
Huguenot colony in, iv. 330;
ceded to England, vii. 307;
to Spain, viii. 41
Flushing pledged to Elizabeth, iv. 349
Foliot, Gilbert, his letters, i. 173
Folk, the, i. 19
"Folk-land," i. 47
Folk-moot, the, i. 19, 20.
Fontenoy, battle of, vii. 227
Ford, John, v. 303
Forests,
Assize of the, i. 267;
Charter of the, ii. 165, 166, 170;
Law of the, 34;
commission of, under Charles I., v. 277;
New, disafforested by Great Charter, i. 352
Forster, Thomas, vii. 184
Fort St. George (Madras), vii. 232
Fort William (Calcutta), vii. 232
Fort William (Inverness-shire), vii. 52
Fortescue, Sir Faithful, vi. 3
Fortescue, Sir John, iii. 86
Fotheringay, Mary Stuart beheaded at, iv. 352
Fougères sacked by the English, iii. 62
Fourmigny, battle of, iii. 62
_Four Masters, Annals of the_, i. 7
Fox, Edward, Bishop of Hereford, iii. 336
Fox, Richard, Bishop of Winchester, iii. 202, 216, 230, 285
Fox, Charles James,
leader of the Whigs, viii. 63, 64;
his jealousy of Shelburne, 65;
his India Bill, 67, 68;
his joy at the capture of the Bastille, 84;
supports the Prince's claim to the Regency, _ib._;
his Libel Act, 92;
supports Pitt in giving self-government to Canada, 92;
Burke's quarrel with him, _ib._;
returns to office, 174;
death, 178
Foxe's _Book of Martyrs_, iv. 3
France,
war of William the Conqueror with, i. 190;
invaded by Otto of Germany, 338;
regency offered to Simon of Montfort, ii. 40;
relations with Scotland, 141, 170, 171, 197, 213;
treaty with Edward I., 170;
claim of Edward III. to the throne, 208;
Edward III. declares war with, 213;
greatness at opening of Hundred Years' War, 215, 216;
relations with the papacy, 217, 224;
condition after battle of Poitiers, 264;
ravaged by Edward III., 265;
Edward III. renounces his claims on, 266;
renewal of war with, 285;
invaded by John of Gaunt, 287;
relations with Scotland and Flanders, 349;
truces with Richard II., 354, 368;
relations with Henry IV., iii. 6;
with the Percies, 12, 14;
with Owen Glyndwr, 15, 18;
civil war in, 16;
relations with the Council of Henry IV., 23, 24;
truce with, 26;
Henry V.'s claims on, 28, 29;
treaty with him, 35, 36;
political position at close of Hundred Years' War, 119;
relations with Maximilian and England, 170, 171;
growth of its power, 205, 206;
attacked by English, Germans, and Spaniards, 247;
Mary Tudor's war with, iv. 108;
relations with Scotland under Mary of Guise, 169-173;
growth of the Huguenots in, 174, 206-208;
Huguenot rising in, 209;
massacre of Protestants in, 299;
parties in, on death of Henry III., 369;
re-united under Henry IV., 373;
league with England and the Netherlands, v. 60;
alliance with Holland, 316;
growth of its power, vi. 113, 114;
treaty with Cromwell, 117;
its growing prosperity, 187-189;
alliance with England and Holland, vii. 187;
alliance with England and Prussia, 199;
position after Treaty of Utrecht, 212;
union with Spain, 213, 214;
supports her against England, 219;
alliance with Prussia, 221;
claims on America and India, 232;
war with England, 248, 249, 264, 265;
withdraws from India and America, 307;
policy in American war, viii. 28;
league with America and Spain, 30;
Pitt's treaty of commerce with, 79;
condition in the eighteenth century, 81, 82;
volunteers from, in Washington's army, 83;
revolution in, _ib._, 86, 95, 96, 101;
attitude towards England, 97-100;
attacked by the Coalition, 101;
royalty abolished in, _ib._;
attacks Holland, 102;
declares war on England, 103;
reverses in 1793, 107;
successes, 109, 110;
Directory in, 113;
dealings with Ireland, 121, 123-125;
attacks Austria and Italy, 122;
conquers Switzerland, 134, 135;
takes Rome, 136;
relations with Russia, _ib._, 137;
conquers Italy, 139;
forced to evacuate it, 140;
Consulate in, 142;
position after the Peace of Lunéville, 144, 145;
driven from Egypt, 165, 166;
invaded by the Allies, 202;
the Bourbons return to, 203;
Napoleon's last struggle in, 206;
literature of, its influence on Chaucer, ii. 359, 360
Franchise, restriction of, iii. 99-102
Francis of Assisi, St., ii. 9, 12, 13
Francis II., Emperor, viii. 96
Francis I., king of France, iii. 232;
campaign in Italy, 233;
treaties with Maximilian and Charles, 234;
with Henry VIII., 235;
meeting with Henry, 241;
struggle with Henry and Charles, 247;
defeats in Italy, 248, 250;
prisoner, 250;
treaties with Henry, 266, 270;
released, 267;
intrigues with Lutherans and Papacy, iv. 22;
attacks Charles, 24;
negotiations with Scotland, _ib._;
treaty with Charles, 32;
with Henry, 33;
sends explorers to America, 330
Francis (II.), of France,
marries Mary Stuart, iv. 53, 169;
king, 174;
treaties with Elizabeth and the Scots, 176;
death, 188
Franciscans (Grey Friars) in England, ii. 11
Frankfort,
English Protestants at, iv. 118, 119;
their "troubles," 127, 128
Franklin, Benjamin,
his plan for the defence of the American colonies, vii. 243;
sent as their agent to England, 326;
counsels submission to the Stamp Acts, 330;
relations with Chatham, viii. 20;
mission to France, 28
Frank-pledge, i. 238, 322
Frederick II., Emperor, i. 293; ii. 7, 27
Frederick III., Emperor, iii. 146, 147
Frederick, Elector Palatine,
marries Elizabeth of England, v. 210;
king of Bohemia, 217;
driven out, 220, 226
Frederick II., king of Prussia, vii. 220;
alliance with France, 221;
victory at Chotusitz, 223;
Silesia ceded to, _ib._;
seizes Prague, 225;
driven from Bohemia, _ib._;
victory at Hohenfriedburg, 227;
treaty with England, 247, 248;
seizes Dresden, 248;
victory at Prague, _ib._;
defeated at Kolin, _ib._;
victories at Rossbach, Leuthen and Zorndorf, 263;
defeated at Hochkirch and Kunersdorf, _ib._;
at Plauen, 264;
campaign of 1760, 302;
share in partition of Poland, viii. 85;
death, _ib._
Frederick, Prince of Wales, vii. 218
Free Companies, the, ii. 281, 282
Freeholders succeed the villeins, ii. 333
Freeman, the English, i. 11, 12;
sinks into the villein, 133, 321
Fréteval,
Henry II. and Thomas reconciled at, i. 240;
Richard I. surprises Philip's treasure at, 263
Friars, the, ii. 10-14;
Lord Bacon's comment on, 21;
their political influence, 22, 23;
character and effect of their preaching, 24;
attempt conversion of Jews, 127;
oppose Wyclif, 335
Friedland, battle of, viii. 175
Frisians in Ælfred's fleet, i. 116
"Frith" of Wedmore, i. 107
Frobisher, Martin, iv. 331, 361
Froissart, Jean, ii. 178
Fuentes d'Onore, battle of, viii. 191
Fyrd, the, i. 116, 161, 257; ii. 103, 122, 240
Gage, General, viii. 19
Gaimar, Geoffrey, i. 174, 247
Gainsborough, Swein dies at, i. 143
Gall, St., i. 68
Gardiner, Stephen, iii. 272, 279;
Bishop of Winchester, 298;
expelled from the Council, 348;
supersedes Norfolk in the king's counsels, iv. 24;
excluded from the regency, 46;
imprisoned, 54;
Chancellor, 74;
proposes Mary's marriage with Courtenay, 78;
his aversion to the Spanish match, 80;
attitude towards Rome, 87;
tract _On True Obedience_, _ib._;
change in his attitude, 88;
threat to the Protestant refugees, 119;
desires "to go roundly to work" with Elizabeth, 137;
death, 98
Garnet, Henry, Provincial of the Jesuits, v. 159
Garter, Order of the, founded, ii. 252
Gascony,
Simon of Montfort's rule in, ii. 38-40;
seized by Charles IV., 197;
restored to Edward III., 266;
resists the hearth-tax, 285;
barons appeal to France against the Black Prince, _ib._;
its final loss, iii. 70, 71
Gates, General, viii. 26
Gauden, Dr., vi. 72
Gaunt, Elizabeth, vii. 11
Gaunt, John of. _See_ John
Gavel-kind, i. 324
Gaveston, Piers, ii. 186-188, 190
Gay, John, vii. 161
Gemblours, battle of, iv. 312
Geneva, Calvin at, iv. 126
Genoa annexed by Napoleon, viii. 172
Genoese at battle of Crécy, ii. 236, 238
Geoffry, Archbishop of York, i. 330
Geoffry of Britanny, son of Henry II., i. 247, 254, 257
Geoffry of Monmouth, i. 246; ii. 57
George I., King, vii. 146;
his temper, 173;
foreign policy, 187-189;
death, 200
George, Duke of Cambridge (George II.), vii. 144;
his character, 173;
King, 200;
his foreign policy, 221, 223, 226, 247;
victory at Dettingen, 224;
death, 283
George III., King, vii. 283;
his character and aims, 284, 285;
importance of his action, 285, 286;
his power, 300;
relations with Pitt, 305, 316, 328, 331, 339;
with the Whigs, 305, 316, 328, 339;
with Parliament, 309;
urges the expulsion of Wilkes, viii. 6;
renews the quarrel with America, 13;
his personal government, 16, 17;
his rejoicing at the quarrel with America, 19;
madness, 84, 196;
refuses emancipation to Catholics, 154, 155, 179
George, Prince of Wales (George IV.), Regent, viii. 84, 196
Georgia, colony of, vii. 236, 237
Gerald of Wales, i. 174, 245, 246, 275, 285
Germany,
its relations with the Papacy, ii. 218;
growth of Protestantism in, iv. 31; v. 175;
Catholic reaction in, 176;
attacked by Lewis XIV., vii. 38, 48, 118
Gervase of Canterbury, i. 174
_Gesta Stephani_, i. 173
Gesith, the, i. 50
Gewissas, i. 34
Ghent,
Charters confirmed at, ii. 166;
revolt at, 233;
John of Gaunt born at, 293;
reduced by the French, 349;
Pacification of, iv. 310, 311
Gibbon, Edward, viii. 46
Gibraltar
ceded to England, vii. 142;
besieged by the Spaniards, 199;
Elliott's defence of, viii. 31, 41
Gifford, Bonaventure, vii. 26
Gilbert, Sir Humphry, iv. 345
Gilbert, William, discovers terrestrial magnetism, vi. 131
Gilbert, William, papal emissary in Ireland, iv. 317
Gildas, i. 3
Gilds, i. 298-300, 304;
of English Merchant Adventurers in Flanders, iii. 155;
of St. John at Bruges, 154;
of the Staple, ii. 304;
of tailors, i. 318;
of weavers, 317;
Ordinances of, 274;
suppression of, iv. 54.
_See_ Craft-gilds, Merchant-gild
Ginkell, General, vii. 73
Giraldus Cambrensis. _See_ Gerald
Girondists, viii. 96
Glamis, Patrick Lyon, Master of, v. 124
Glamorgan
conquered by Robert Fitz-Hamo, ii. 48;
by Llewelyn ap Gruffydd, 58
Glamorgan, Edward Somerset, Earl of, vi. 16
Glanvill, Ranulf de, i. 255, 259;
his treatise on law, 174, 244
Glastonbury,
St. Dunstan at, i. 121, 123;
Arthur's tomb at, 247; ii. 57
Glastonbury, Richard Whiting, abbot of, hanged, iii. 350
Glencoe, massacre of, vii. 53, 54
Glendower. _See_ Glyndwr
Gloucester,
northmen at, i. 106;
Henry III. crowned at, ii. 1;
seized by Edward, 76;
besieged by Charles I., vi. 13;
relieved, 14;
Parliament at, ii. 289, 315
Gloucester, Humphrey, Duke of, iii. 33;
his marriage with Jacqueline, 38, 42;
Regent of England, 40;
set aside, 41;
Protector, _ib._;
his love of literature, 40, 41;
character, 41;
recovers Hainault, 42;
struggle with Beaufort, 44;
represses Lollard risings, 96;
retires, 58, 59;
arrest and death, 61;
his library, 161
Gloucester, Richard, Duke of. _See_ Richard
Gloucester, Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of, ii. 351, 352;
head of Continual Council, 353;
struggle with Richard II., _ib._, 354;
withdraws from Court, 370;
arrested, _ib._;
dies, 371
Gloucester, Richard de Clare, Earl of, ii. 64-66
Gloucester, Gilbert de Clare, Earl of,
supports Simon de Montfort, ii. 67, 70, 71;
quarrels with him, 75;
his policy after Evesham, 81, 85, 86, 88;
occupies London, 89;
marries Johanna of Acre, 123
Gloucester, Robert, Earl of. _See_ Robert
Gloucester, Thomas Spenser, Earl of, iii. 7
Godolphin, Sidney, vi. 315;
takes office, vii. 98;
Lord Treasurer, 112, 113;
supports Occasional Conformity, 123;
dismissed, 139
Glyndwr, Owen, iii. 9-12, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22
Godfrey, Sir Edmondsbury, vi. 294, 295
Godwine, Earl of Wessex, i. 146-153
"Goliath, Bishop," i. 248
Gondomar, Count of, v. 226, 229
Goodman, Godfrey, Bishop of Gloucester, v. 298
Goodman, Christopher, iv. 130, 131
Goodrich, Bishop of Ely, iii. 336
Gorm, king of Denmark, i. 128
Government,
Act of, vi. 122;
Instrument of, 99, 102, 105
Gower, Caxton's edition of, iii. 157
Gowrie, William Ruthven, first Earl of, v. 128, 138
Grafton, Augustus Henry Fitzroy, third Duke of, vii. 170, 340; viii.
4, 15
Grafton's _Chronicle_, iii. 83
Grammont, Count, _Memoirs_ of, vi. 157
Granby, John Manners, Marquis of, viii. 15
Grantmesnil, Ivo of, i. 201
Granville, John Carteret, second Earl (_see_ Carteret), vii. 225, 226
Grasse, Admiral de, viii. 40
Grattan, Henry,
demands repeal of Poynings' Act, viii. 37;
leads the Protestants in the Irish Parliament, 79;
strives for its reform, 117, 118, 120
Gravelines, battle of, iv. 108
"Greater and lesser folk," i. 318
Greek,
study of, at Canterbury, i. 92;
revival of, in fifteenth century, iii. 189, 190, 194, 195, 200
Greene, General, viii. 32
Greene, Robert, v. 8, 25, 26, 30, 31
Greenvil, Sir Bevil, vi. 5, 6
Greenway, Oswald, v. 159
Greenwich, Ælfheah martyred at, i. 142
Gregory the Great (Pope),
his interview with English slaves, i. 53;
sends Augustine to England, 57;
his _Pastoral Book_ translated by Ælfred, 114
Gregory VII., Pope, i. 187
Gregory IX., Pope, ii. 27
Gregory XIII., Pope, iv. 299;
urges Philip to attack Elizabeth, 301;
heads the Catholic movement, 306;
plans a descent on Ireland, 315;
sends Jesuits to England, 317
Grenada conquered by England, vii. 307
Grenville, William Wyndham, Lord, viii. 155;
leader of the Old Whigs, 156;
refuses office, 171;
accepts it, 174;
his Orders in Council, 178;
fall of his ministry, 179
Grenville, George,
adherent of Pitt, vii. 247, 250;
deserts him, 303, 328;
head of the Admiralty, 311;
prime minister, 314;
character and policy, 316, 317, 320;
death, viii. 16
Grenville, Sir Richard, iv. 370, 371
Gresham, Sir Thomas, iv. 280
Gresham College, meetings of the Royal Society at, vi. 165
Grew, Nehemiah, vi. 167
Grey, John de, Bishop of Norwich, i. 329
Grey of Ruthin, Reginald, third Lord, iii. 10
Grey of Wilton, William, thirteenth Lord, iv. 175
Grey of Wilton, Arthur, fourteenth Lord, v. 12
Grey, Lady Catharine, iv. 70, 238; v. 121
Grey, Lady Jane, iv. 69;
proclaimed queen, 70;
imprisoned, 71;
trial, 75;
beheaded, 84;
_Chronicle of_, 3
Grey, Lord Leonard, iii. 330
Grey, Sir John, iii. 124
Grey, Sir Thomas, iii. 30
Grimbald, Abbot of Winchester, i. 113
Grimston, Sir Harbottle, v. 324
Grindal, Edmund,
Protestant exile, iv. 119, 132;
tutor of Elizabeth, 134;
Archbishop of Canterbury, 290; v. 17;
Strype's _Life of_, iv. 4
Grindecobbe, William, ii. 330, 332
Grocyn, William, iii. 190, 197, 256
Grosseteste, Robert, bishop of Lincoln,
his letters, i. 274;
his Constitutions, ii. 8;
lectures at Oxford, 14;
friendship with Bacon, 18;
remonstrates against policy of Henry III., 34;
friendship with Simon de Montfort, 41
Grouchy, Marshal, viii. 208, 210
Gruffydd ap Llewelyn, prince of Wales, ii. 47
Gruffydd ap Conan, prince of North Wales, ii. 54
Guader, Ralf de, i. 189
Gualchmai, ii. 52, 54
Gualo, legate, ii. 1
Guesclin, Bertrand du, ii. 281, 283-287
Guienne
seized by Philip the Fair, ii. 142;
restored to Edward III., 266;
the Black Prince's ravages in, 259;
attacked by Du Guesclin, 285;
attacked by Armagnac, iii. 16;
conquered by Charles VII., 68, 69.
_See_ Aquitaine
Guineas, the first, vi. 223
Guise, Francis, Duke of, iv. 108, 174, 208, 210, 216
Guise, Henry, Duke of, iv. 355, 356, 367
Guise, Mary of. _See_ Mary
Guisnes
ceded to Edward III., ii. 266;
meeting of Henry VIII. and Francis I. at, iii. 241;
surrendered to France, iv. 108
Gunpowder, effects of its introduction, iii. 95
Gunpowder Plot, the, v. 158, 159
Gurdon, Sir Adam, ii. 86, 87, 94
Gustavus Adolphus, king of Sweden, v. 275, 276
Guthlac, St., i. 86
Guthrum, king of East Anglia, i. 104, 106
Guy, Bishop of Amiens, i. 6
Gwent, the, i. 34
Gwent (in Wales) rises against Eadward the Elder, i. 118
Gwynn, Nell, vi. 176; vii. 5
Gyrth, son of Godwine, i. 164
Gyrwas, i. 117
Gytha of Hordaland, i. 128
Hainault, Jacqueline, Countess of, iii. 38, 42, 43
Hainault, William I., Count of, ii. 198, 217
Hainault, William II., Count of, ii. 220
Hakluyt's _Voyages_, v. 10
Hale, Sir Matthew, vi. 85, 96, 200
Hales, Sir Edward, vii. 15
Hales, John, theologian, vi. 134, 136, 137
Hales, John, leader of Peasant Revolt, ii. 319
Halidon Hill, battle of, ii. 211
Halifax (Nova Scotia), its foundation, vii. 242
Halifax, George Savile, first Viscount, Earl, and Marquis of, vi. 280;
correspondence with Barillon, 298;
takes office, 301;
against the exclusion of James, 307;
plans for the succession, 308;
throws out the Exclusion Bill, 320;
his Bill of Securities, _ib._;
his Limitation Bill, 323;
advises calling a new Parliament, 334;
dismissed from the Privy Council, vii. 14;
joins William III., 43;
prays him to accept the Crown, 47;
Lord Privy Seal, 67;
opposes the war and the Bank, 88;
death, 182
Halifax, George Montague, second Earl of, vii. 242-244
Hall, Joseph, Bishop of Norwich and satirist, v. 303
Halle's _Chronicle_, iii. 83
Halley, Edmund, vi. 166
Hamilton, James, third Marquis and first Duke of, v. 275, 334-336,
364;
supports Charles I., vi. 58, 59;
defeated at Preston, 62;
executed, 72
Hamilton, William, second Duke of, vi. 82, 84
Hamilton, James, of Bothwellhaugh, iv. 271; v. 122
Hamilton, General Gustavus, vii. 58
Hamilton, Colonel, vii. 53
Hammond, Colonel, vi. 59
Hampden, Griffith, v. 320
Hampden, John,
his youth, v. 320;
in Parliament of 1621, 321;
resists forced loan, _ib._, 255;
in Parliament of 1628, 321;
his home, 321, 322;
character, 322;
friends and kindred, _ib._;
refuses to pay ship-money, 323;
trial of his case, 324, 330, 331;
judgement against him annulled, 352;
one of the "five members," 373;
urges the abolition of Episcopacy, vi. 14;
member of Committee of Public Safety, 1;
his "Greencoats," 6, 7;
his services in the war, 6-8;
fight at Chalgrove, 10;
death, 11;
burial, 12
Hampden, John, the younger, vi. 336
Hampton Court,
Wolsey's palace at, iii. 236, 253;
treaty of, iv. 209;
conference on religion at, v. 152
Hanover, convention of, vii. 231
Harald Fairhair, king of Norway, i. 128, 129
Harald Hardrada, king of Denmark, i. 161, 162
Harald Harefoot, king of England, i. 147
Hardwicke, Philip Yorke, first Earl of, vii. 203, 245
Hardyng's _Chronicle_, ii. 179
Harfleur taken by Henry V., iii. 30
Hargreaves, John, viii. 59
Harley, Robert, vii. 102;
Secretary of State, 124;
intrigues against Marlborough, 132;
dismissed, 138;
returns to office, 139;
rivalry with Bolingbroke, 143;
countenances the South Sea bubble, 192.
_See_ Oxford
Harold, son of Godwine, Earl of East Anglia, i. 150;
governor of the realm under Eadward, 153;
campaign in Wales, _ib._, ii. 47;
his oath to William, i. 159;
king, 160;
struggle with Tostig and Harald Hardrada, 161, 162;
slain at Senlac, 165
Harrington's version of Ariosto, v. 2
Harrison, General, vi. 90, 91, 195
Harry, Blind, i. 275
Harthacnut, king, i. 147, 148
Harvey, Gabriel, v. 11, 12
Harvey, William, v. 52, 55; vi. 131
Haselrig, Arthur,
one of the Five Members, v. 373;
charges against him, vi. 85;
opposes the dissolution of the Rump, 89;
in Parliament of 1654, 101;
denies the legality of the government, 102;
demands the dismissal of Fleetwood and Lambert, 150
Hasting, i. 116, 117
Hastings, battle of, i. 162-165
Hastings, John, second Lord, claimant of Scotland, ii. 136
Hastings (of Ashby), William, first Lord, iii. 163, 164
Hastings, Henry, Lord, iv. 70.
_See_ Huntingdon
Hastings, Warren, viii. 31, 50, 51
Havana conquered by England, vii. 307
Havre
surrendered to Elizabeth, iv. 210;
capitulates to France, 217
Hawarden Castle captured by Owen Glyndwr, iii. 11
Hawke, Admiral, vii. 265
Hawkesbury, Robert Banks Jenkinson, Lord, viii. 157.
_See_ Liverpool
Hawkins, John, iv. 283, 361
Hawley, General, vii. 229
Haxey, Sir Thomas, ii. 370
Hayward's _Life of Edward VI._, iv. 3;
his _Annals_, _ib._, 4
Heathenism, its struggle with Christianity in England, i. 65, 66,
70-73
Heathfield, battle of the, i. 66
Heaven's Field, battle of, i. 67
Hebrides, Northmen in the, i. 129
Hemingford or Heminburh, Walter of, ii. 177
Hengest, i. 31, 49
Henrietta Maria of France, wife of Charles I., v. 241, 376; vi. 4
Henrietta, Duchess of Orleans, vi. 192, 257
Henry I., King, i. 198;
charter and marriage, _ib._, 199;
relations with the English people, 198, 200-202;
with the barons, 202;
conquers Normandy, _ib._;
dealings with Wales, ii. 48;
his rule, i. 203-205;
administration, 205, 206;
death, 214;
literature at his court, 246;
his charter produced by Langton, 340;
his charter to London, 304;
to Oxford, 309;
"Laws" of, 339
Henry (II.) Fitz-Empress, i. 226;
comes to England, 227;
treaty with Stephen, _ib._;
king, 228;
person and character, 229-231;
results of his rule, 231;
first measures, 232;
Welsh war, _ib._; ii. 53, 54;
extent of his continental dominions, i. 232, 233;
war of Toulouse, 233;
relations with the barons, _ib._;
with the Church, 235-237, 253;
struggle with Thomas, 236, 237, 239, 240;
penance at his shrine, 255;
legal reforms, 235-239, 255, 256;
reforms of the King's Court, ii. 110, 111;
visits Arthur's tomb at Glastonbury, i. 247; ii. 57, 58;
dealings with Ireland, i. 250, 251, 253;
rebellions against him, 254, 255;
receives homage of Scotland, i. 255; ii. 134;
reorganizes the fyrd, 257;
revolt of his sons, _ib._;
introduces taxation of personal property, _ib._;
death, 258;
charter to Oxford, 309
Henry III., King,
crowned, ii. 1;
crowned again, 5;
character and policy, 25, 26;
relations with Rome, 26, 27, 59;
campaigns in Britanny and Poitou, 29;
quarrel with Hubert de Burgh, _ib._;
personal government, 31;
marriage, 32;
foreign favourites, _ib._, 33;
misrule, 34;
confirms Charter, _ib._;
second campaign in Poitou, 35;
quarrels with Simon of Montfort, 39, 40;
contributes to Matthew Paris's _Chronicle_, 44;
goes to France, 64;
forbids summoning of Parliament, _ib._;
gets the Provisions of Oxford annulled by the Pope, 65;
tries to surprise Simon at Southwark, 69;
prisoner, 71;
vengeance after Evesham, 79, 83;
dies, 90
Henry (IV.), Earl of Derby, son of John of Gaunt, ii. 351;
one of the Lords Appellant, 353;
position and policy, 369;
supports Richard II., 370;
Duke of Hereford, 372;
quarrel with Norfolk, _ib._;
exiled, _ib._;
returns, 373, 379;
captures Richard II. at Flint, 381;
king, iii. 2;
relations with Parliament, 3, 4;
with the Church, 4;
with France, 6;
with the lords, 7;
plot against him, 8;
marches against Scotland, 9;
against Owen Glyndwr, 10, 11;
imprisons James of Scotland, 15, 16;
epilepsy, 22;
struggle with council and Parliament, 23-25;
vow of crusade, 25;
death, _ib._
Henry (V.), son of Henry of Lancaster, ii. 378;
his campaigns in Wales, iii. 10, 17, 18, 22;
person and character, 17, 18;
friendship with Oldcastle, 20, 27;
policy, 22;
struggle with the council, 24, 25;
king, 25;
coronation, 26;
first measures, _ib._;
action against Lollards, 27;
claims French crown, 28;
plot against him, 30;
takes Harfleur, _ib._;
victory at Agincourt, 30-32;
alliance with Burgundy, 32;
conquers Normandy, 33, 34;
marriage and treaty with France, 35;
enters Paris, 36;
captures Dreux, _ib._;
repulsed from Orleans, _ib._;
besieges Meaux, _ib._;
his plans, 37, 38;
death, 36;
_Life of_, by Titus Livius, iii. 41;
authorities for his reign, ii. 179
Henry VI., king, iii. 39;
crowned at Paris, 55;
his court at Rouen, _ib._;
struggle with York, 68-70;
idiotcy, 71;
recovers, 72;
prisoner, 74, 75;
escapes to Scotland, 80;
recaptured, 123, 127;
sent to the Tower, 127;
restored, 139;
imprisoned again, 142;
death, 145;
library, 161;
authorities for his reign, ii. 179, 180
Henry (VII.) Tudor, iii. 145;
early life, 165, 166;
expedition to England, 167;
goes to France, 171;
lands at Milford Haven, _ib._;
victory at Bosworth, 172;
person and character, 173;
title to the crown, 174, 175;
marriage, 175;
his government, 176-178;
expedition to France, 179, 180;
dealings with Ireland, 181, 182;
with Scotland, 184, 185;
with Spain, 186-188;
patronage of Caxton, 161;
chapel at Westminster, 174;
death, 198;
_Lives of_, 83