*69. Of Insilvujud (60).
70. Of Eban Vas (61).
71. Of an Inhabitant of Bassora (62).
72. History of a Man of the tribe of Arabs of Beucadda (63).
73. History of Benriddin, Vizir of Yemen (64).
74. Of a Boy and a Girl (65).
75. Of Mutelmis (66).
76. Of Haroun al Rashid and the Lady Zebeda (67).
77. Of Mussa ab imni Zibir (69).
78. Of the Black Father.
79. Of Haroun al Raschid.
80. Story of an Ass Keeper (74?).
81. Of Haroun al Rashid and Eboo Yussuf (75).
82. Of Hakim, Builder of the Mosque (76).
83. Of Melikel Horrais.
84. Of a Gilder and his Wife (78).
85. Of Hashron, &c. (79).
86. Of Yackyar, &c., the Barmadride (80).
87. Of Mussa, &c.
88. Of Said, &c.
89. Of the Whore and the Good Woman.
90. Of Raschid and Jacob his Favourite.
91. Of Sherif Hussein.
92. Of Mamoon, son of Haroun al Raschid (87).
93. Of the repenting Thief (88).
94. Of Haroun al Raschid (89).
95. Of a Divine, &c. (90).
96. Another story of a Divine.
97. The Story of the Neighbours.
98. Of Kings (94).
99. Of Abdo Rackman (95).
100. Of Hind, daughter of Nackinan (96).
101. Of Tabal (97).
102. Of Isaac son of Abraham (98).
103. Of a Boy and a Girl.
104. Story of Chassim Imni Addi.
105. Of Abul Abass.
106. Of Ebubecker Ben Mohammed.
107. Of Ebi Evar.
108. Of Emmin, brother of Mamon (105).
109. Of six Scheiks of Bagdad.
110. Of an Old Woman.
111. Of a Wild Girl.
112. Of Hasan Elgevire of Bagdad.
113. Of certain Kings.
114. Of a king of Israel (116).
115. Of Alexander (117).
116. Of King Nusharvian (118).
117. Of a Judge and his Wife (119).
118. Of an Emir.
119. Of Malek Imnidinar.
120. Of a devout man of the children of Israel (122).
121. Of Hedjage Himni Yussuf (123).
122. Of a Blacksmith (124).
123. Of a devout man (125).
124. Of Omar Imnilchatab.
125. Of Ibrahim Elchaber.
126. Of a Prophet (128).
127. Of a Pious Man (129).
128. Of a Man of the Children of Israel (130).
129. Of Abul Hassan Duradge (131).
130. Of Sultana Hayaat.
131. Of the Philosopher Daniel (132).
*132. Of Belukia (132a).
*133. The Travels of Sinbad—certain seven voyages, &c. (133).
134. Of the Town of Copper (134).
135. Of the Seven Virgins and the Slave (135).
*136. Story of Judais (136).
137. The Wonderful History.
138. Of Abdullah Imni Mohammi.
139. Of Hind Imni Haman (139).
140. Of Chazmimé Imni Bashés (140).
141. Of Jonas the Secretary (141).
142. Of Haroun al-Rashid (142).
143. Of ditto.
144. Of Ebon Isaac Ibrahim (144).
145. Of Haroun al Raschid, Misroor and the Poet.
146. Of the Caliph Moavia.
147. Of Haroun al Raschid.
148. Of Isaac Imni Ibrahim (148).
149. Of Ebwi Amér.
*150. Of Achmet Ezenth and the old Female Pimp.
151. Of the three Brothers.
152. Of Erdeshir and Hiaker, of Julmar El Bacharia (152).
153. Of Mahomet, &c.
154. Ditto (154?).
*155. Story of Safil Moluki (154a).
*156. Of Hassan, &c. (155).
*157. Of Caliph the Hunter (156).
*158. Of Mersir and his Mistress (157).
159. Of Noureddin and Mary (158).
160. Of a Bedouin and a Frank (159).
161. Of a Man of Baghdad and his Female Slave (160).
162. Of a King, his Son, and the Vizir Shemar (161).
*163. Of a Merchant and the Thieves.
*164. Of Abousir and Aboukir (162).
*165. Abdulak El Beri and Abdulak El Backari (163).
*166. Of Haroun al Raschid.
167. Of the Merchant Abul Hassan al-Omani (164).
168. Of Imnil Echarib (168).
169. Of Moted Bila.
*170. Of Kamasi Zemuan (167).
*171. Of Abdulah Imni Fasil (168).
*172. The Story of Maroof (169).
_IMITATIONS AND MISCELLANEOUS WORKS HAVING MORE OR LESS CONNECTION WITH
THE NIGHTS._
The success of Galland’s work led to the appearance of numerous works
more or less resembling it, chiefly in England and France. Similar
imitations, though now less numerous, have continued to appear down to
the present day.
The most important of the older works of this class were published in
French in the “Cabinet des Fées” (Amsterdam and Geneva, 1785–1793; 41
vols.); in English in “Tales of the East: comprising the most popular
Romances of Oriental origin, and the best imitations by European
authors, with new translations and additional tales never before
published, to which is prefixed an introductory dissertation, containing
an account of each work and of its author or translator. By Henry Weber,
Esq.” (Edinburgh, 1812, 3 vols.); and in German in “Tausend und ein Tag.
Morgenländische Erzählungen aus dem Persisch, Turkisch und Arabisch,
nach Petis de la Croix, Galland, Cardonne, Chavis und Cazotte, dem
Grafen Caylus, und Anderer. Übersetzt von F. H. von der Hagen”
(Prenzlau, 1827–1837, 11 vols.) In the “Cabinet des Fées” I find a
reference to an older collection of tales (partly Oriental) called the
“Bibliothèque des Fées et des Génies,” by the Abbé de la Porte, which I
have not seen, but which is, in part, incorporated in the “Cabinet.” It
formed only 2 vols. 12mo, and was published in 1765.
The examination of these tales is difficult, for they comprise several
classes, not always clearly defined:—
1. Satires on The Nights themselves (_e.g._ the Tales of the Count of
Hamilton.)
2. Satires in an Oriental garb (_e.g._ Beckford’s Vathek).
3. Moral tales in an Oriental garb (_e.g._ Mrs. Sheridan’s Nourjahad).
4. Fantastic tales with nothing Oriental about them but the name (_e.g._
Stevenson’s New Arabian Nights).
5. Imitations pure and simple (_e.g._ G. Meredith’s Shaving of Shagpat).
6. Imitations more or less founded on genuine Oriental sources (_e.g._
the Tales of the Comte de Caylus).
7. Genuine Oriental Tales (_e.g._ Mille et une Jours, translated by
Petis de la Croix).
Most of the tales belonging to Class 7 and some of those belonging to
Class 6 have been treated of in previous sections. The remaining tales
and imitations will generally need only a very brief notice; sometimes
only the title and the indication of the class to which they belong. We
will begin with an enumeration of the Oriental contents of the Cabinet
des Fées, adding W. i. ii. and iii. to show which are included in
Weber’s “Tales of the East”:—
7–11. 1001 Nuits (W. i.).
12, 13. Les Aventures d’Abdalla (W. iii.).
14, 15. 1001 Jours (Persian tales, W. ii.).
16. Histoire de la Sultane de Perse et des Visirs. Contes Turcs (Turkish
tales, W. iii. = our 251).
16. Les Voyages de Zulma dans le pays des Fées.
17, 18. Contes de Bidpai.
19. Contes Chinois, ou les Aventures merveilleuses du Mandarin Fum-Hoam
(W. iii.).
21, 22. Les Mille et un Quart d’Heures. Contes Tartares (W. iii.).
22, 23. Les Sultanes de Guzerath, ou les Songes des hommes éveillés.
Contes Moguls (W. iii.).
25. Nouveaux Contes Orientaux, par le Comte de Caylus (W. ii.).
29, 30. Les Contes des Génies (W. iii.).
30. Les Aventures de Zelondvit d’Amanzarifdine.
30. Contes Indiens par M. de Moncrif.
33. Nourjahad (W. ii.).
34. Contes de M. Pajon.
38–41. Les Veillées du Sultan Schahriar, &c. (Chavis and Cazotte; cf.
anteà p. 470; W. i. ii.).
(Weber also includes, in his vol. ii. Nos. 21a, 22, 32 and 37, after
Caussin de Perceval.)
12, 13. _The Adventures of Abdallah, the Son of Hanif_ (Class 5 or 6).
Originally published in 1713; attributed to M. de Bignon, a young Abbé.
A series of romantic travels, in which Eastern and Western fiction is
mixed; for instance, we have the story of the Rose-tree, which so far as
I know, has nothing Oriental about it.
16. _The Voyages of Zulma in Fairy Land_ (Class 4).
European fairy tales, with nothing Oriental about them but the names of
persons and places. The work is unfinished.
17, 18. _The Tales of Bidpai_ (translated by Galland) are Indian, and
therefore need no further notice here.
19–23. _Chinese, Tartarian and Mogul Tales_ (Class 6).
Published in 1723, and later by Thomas Simon Gueulette.
Concerning these tales, Mr. Clouston remarks (in litt.): “Much of the
groundwork of these clever imitations of the Arabian Nights has been,
directly or indirectly, derived from Eastern sources; for instance, in
the so-called Tartar tales, the adventures of the Young Calender find
parallels, (1) in the well-known Bidpai tale of the Bráhman, the
Sharpers and the Goat (Kalila and Dimna, Pánchatantra, Hitopadesa, &c.)
and (2) in the world-wide story of the Farmer who outwitted the Six Men
(Indian Antiquary, vol. 3) of which there are many versions current in
Europe, such as the Norse tale of Big Peter and Little Peter, the Danish
tale of Great Claus and Little Claus; the German tale (Grimm) of the
Little Farmer; the Irish tale of Little Fairy (Samuel Lover’s collection
of Irish Fairy Legends and Stories); four Gaelic versions in Campbell’s
Popular Tales of the West Highlands; a Kaba’il version in Rivière’s
French collection (Contes populaires Kabylies); Uncle Capriano in
Crane’s recently published Italian Popular Tales; and a Latin mediæval
version (written probably in the 11th century) in which the hero is
called ‘Unibos,’ because he had only one cow.”
25. _Oriental Tales_ (Class 6).
Mr. Clouston observes, “Appeared in 1749[472] and on the title page are
said to have been translated from MSS. in the Royal French Library. The
stories are, however, largely the composition of De Caylus himself, and
those elements of them which are traceable to Asiatic sources have been
considerably Frenchified.”
Nevertheless they are not without interest, and are nearly all of
obviously Oriental origin. One of the stories is a fantastic account of
the Birth of Mahomet, including romantic travels largely borrowed from
No. 132a. Another story is a version of that of the Seven Sleepers.
Other noteworthy tales are the story of the Dervish Abounader, which
resembles Nos. 193 and 216d.; and the story of Naerdan and Guzulbec,
which is a tale of magical illusions similar to that of Monia Emin, in
the Turkish story of Jewad.
The Count de Caylus was the author of various European as well as
Oriental fairy tales. Of his Oriental collection, Sir R. F. Burton
remarks:—“The stories are not Eastern but Western fairy tales proper,
with kings and queens, giants and dwarfs, and fairies, good and bad.
‘Barbets’ act as body guard and army. Written in good old style, and
free language, such as, for instance, son pétenlaire, with here and
there a touch of salt humour, as in Rosanie ’Charmante reine (car on n’a
jamais parlé autrement à une reine, quel que laide qu’elle ait été).’”
29, 30. _Tales of the Genii_ (Class 3.)
Written in the middle of the last century by Rev. James Ridley, but
purporting to be translated from the Persian of Horam, the son of Asmar,
by Sir Charles Morell.
These tales have been reprinted many times; but it is very doubtful if
they are based on any genuine Oriental sources. The amount of Oriental
colouring may be guessed from the story of Urad, who having consented to
become the bride of a Sultan on condition that he should dismiss all his
concubines, and make her his sole queen (like Harald Harfagr on his
marriage with Ragnhilda) is presented to his loving subjects as their
Sultána!
32. _Adventures of Zeloide and Amanzarifdine._ Indian Tales, by M. de
Moncrif (Class 4.)
Ordinary European Fairy Tales, with the scene laid in the East.
33. _Nourjahad_, by Mrs. Sheridan (Class 3.)
An unworthy favourite is reformed by a course of practical moral lessons
conveyed by the Sultan through supposed supernatural agencies. Mr.
Clouston regards it as “one of the very best of the imitations of
Eastern fiction. The plot is ingeniously conceived and well wrought out,
and the interest never flags throughout.”
34. _Pajon’s Oriental Tales_ (Class 5.). These demand no special notice.
In addition to the above, the following Oriental works are mentioned in
the Cabinet des Fées, but not reprinted:
1. Apologues orientaux, par l’abbé Blanchet.
2. Mélanges de littérature orientale, par Cardonne. (Paris, 2 vols.
1770.)
3. Neraïr et Meloe, roman oriental, par H. B. Deblanes (1759).
4. Contes orientaux, par M. de la Dixmerie.
5. Les Cinq Cent Matinées et une demie, contes Syriens, par le
chevalier de Duclos.
6. Abassâi, conte oriental, par Mademoiselle Fault (ou Fauques) 1752.
7. Les Contes du Serail, par Mdlle. Fault (1753).
8. Kara Mustapha, conte oriental, par Fromaget (1745).
9. Zilia et Cénie, par Françoise d’Isembourg d’Hippincourt de
Graffigny.
10. Salned et Garalde, conte oriental, par A. H. De la Motte.
11. Anecdotes orientales, par G. Mailhol (2 vols. 1752).
12. Alzahel, traduit d’un manuscrit arabe, par Mdlle. Raigné de
Malfontaine (Mercure, 1773).
13. Mahmoud le Gasnevide, conte oriental, par J. F. Melon.
14. Contes Orientaux, ou les récits du Sage Caleb, voyageur persan, par
Mme. Mouet.
15. Nadir, par A. G. de Montdorge.
16. Lettres Persanes, de Montesquieu.
17. Les Amusements de Jour, ou recueil de petits contes, par Mme. de
Mortemar.
18. Mirloh, conte oriental, par Martine de Morville (1769).
19. Ladila, anecdote turque (par la même) 1769.
20. Daïra, histoire orientale, par A. J. J. de la Riche de la
Poupelinière (1761).
21. Cara Mustapha, par de Preschat.
22. Des trois Nations, conte oriental, par Marianne Robert (1760).
23. Contes Orientaux, tirés des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque du Roi, 2
vols. 12mo. (1749).
This is the same as the Count de Caylus’ Oriental Tales (vide anteà, p.
508). Sir R. F. Burton has received the following memorandum, respecting
a copy of an earlier edition of the same work: “Contes Orientaux, tirés
des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque du Roy de France, ornés de figures en
taille douce. À la Haye, 1743, 2 vols. 12mo, polished calf gilt, gilt
edges, arms in gilt on the sides.
“The Preface says, ‘M. Petit et M. Galland n’ont en aucune connaissance
des manuscrits dont cet ouvrage est tiré.’
“The Tales are from the MSS. and translations sent by those despatched
by the French Ministers to Constantinople to learn Arabic, &c., and so
become fit to act as Dragomans and Interpreters to the French Embassy.”
There is a copy of this work in the British Museum; it proves, as I
expected, to be the series of tales subsequently attributed to the Count
de Caylus.
In addition to the above, the following, of which I can only give the
names, are mentioned in the Cabinet des Fées, but not reprinted:—
1. Alma-Moulin, conte oriental, 1779.
2. Gengiskan, histoire orientale, par M. de St. M.
From “les { 3. Almanzor et Zelira, conte arabe, par M. Bret.
mercures.” (1772).
{ 4. Almerine et Zelima, ou les Dangers de la Beauté,
conte orientale, 1773.
{ 5. Les Ames, conte arabe, par M. B——.
{ 6. Balky, conte oriental, 1768.
{ 7. Mirza, ou la necessité d’etre utile (1774).
{ 8. Zaman, histoire orientale, par M. B.
9. Anecdotes Orientales, par Mayol, 1752. 12mo.
10. Contes très moguls.
11. Foka ou les Metamorphoses, conte chinois. Derobé à
M. de V. 1777. 12mo.
12. Mahulem, histoire orientale. 12mo. 1776.
13. Mille et une heure, contes Peruviens. 4 vols.
12mo. 1733.
14. Histoire de Khedy. Hermite de Mont Ararat. Conte
orientale, traduit de l’Anglais, 12mo. 1777.
15. Zambeddin, histoire orientale. 12mo, 1768
16. Zelmoille et Zulmis et Turlableu. Par M. l’Abbé de
Voisem, 12mo, 1747.
17. Roman Oriental, Paris, 1753.
The remaining imitations, &c., known to me I shall place roughly in
chronological order, premising that I fear the list must be very
incomplete, and that I have met with very few except in English and
French.
A.—FRENCH.
1. _Zadig, ou la Destinée_, par Voltaire[473] probably partakes of
classes 2 and 6; said to be partly based on Gueulette’s “Soirées
Bretonnes,” published in 1712. The latter is included in Cabinet des
Fées, Vol. 32.
2. _Vathek, an Arabian Tale_, by William Beckford. I include this book
here because it was written and first published in French. Its
popularity was once very great, and it contains some effective passages,
though it belongs to Class 2, and is rather a parody than an imitation
of Oriental fiction. The Caliph Vathek, after committing many crimes at
the instance of his mother, the witch Carathis, in order to propitiate
Eblis, finally starts on an expedition to Istakar. On the way, he
seduces Nourounihar, the beautiful daughter of the Emir Fakreddin, and
carries her with him to the Palace of Eblis, where they are condemned to
wander eternally, with their hearts surrounded with flames.
This idea (which is certainly not Oriental, so far as I know) took the
fancy of Byron, who was a great admirer of Vathek, and he has mixed it
with genuine Oriental features in a powerful passage in the Giaour,
beginning:
“But thou, false Infidel! shalt writhe
Beneath avenging Monkir’s scythe;
And from its torment ’scape alone
To wander round lost Eblis’ throne;
And fire unquenched, unquenchable,
Around, within thy heart shall dwell;
Nor ear can hear, nor tongue can tell
The tortures of that inward hell!” &c.
How errors relative to Eastern matters are perpetuated is illustrated by
the fact that I have seen these lines quoted in some modern
philosophical work as descriptive of the hell in which the Mahommedans
believe!
Southey, in Thalaba, b. 1. speaks of the Sarsar, “the Icy Wind of
Death,” an expression which he probably borrowed from Vathek.
3. _The Count of Hamilton’s Fairy Tales._ Class 1.—There is an English
translation among Bohn’s Extra Volumes, written shortly after the first
publication of Galland’s work.
4. _Les Mille et un Fadaises_, par Cazotte. Class 1. I have not seen
them.
5. La Mille et deuxième Nuit, par Theophilus Gautier (Paris, 1880).
Probably Class 1 or 2; I have not seen it.
B.—ENGLISH.
1. _The Vision of Mirza_ (Addison in the “Spectator”) Class 3.
2. _The Story of Amurath._ Class 3. I do not know the author. I read it
in a juvenile book published about the end of last century, entitled the
Pleasing Instructor.
3. _The Persian Tales of Inatulla of Delhi._ Published in 1768, by
Colonel Alexander Dow at Edinburgh. A French translation appeared at
Amsterdam in two vols. and in Paris in one vol. (1769). Class 6. Chiefly
founded on a well-known Persian work, of which a more correct, though
still incomplete, version was published in 3 vols., by Jonathan Scott in
1799, under the title of Bahar Danush, or Garden of Knowledge.
5. _Rasselas_, by Samuel Johnson. Class 3. Too well known to need
comment.
6. _Almoran and Hamet_, by Dr. Hawksworth. Class 3. Very popular at the
beginning of the present century, but now forgotten.
7. _Oriental Fairy Tales_ (London, 1853) Class 4. A series of very
pretty fairy tales, by an anonymous author, in which the scene is laid
in the East (especially Egypt).
8. _The Shaving of Shagpat_, by George Meredith. (London, 1855). Class
5. I prefer this to most other imitations of an Oriental tale.
9. _The Thousand and One Humbugs._ Classes 1 and 2. Published in
“Household Words,” vol. xi. (1855) pp. 265–267, 289–292, 313–316.
Parodies on Nos. 1, 195, 6d, and 6e, f.
10. _Eastern Tales, by many story-tellers._ Compiled and edited from
ancient and modern authors by Mrs. Valentine, author of “Sea Fights and
Land Battles,” &c. (Chandos Classics).
In her preface, the authoress states that the tales “are gathered from
both ancient and modern French, Italian and English sources.”
Contains 14 tales, some genuine, others imitations. One “Alischar and
Smaragdine,” is a genuine story of The Nights (No. 41 of our Table), and
is probably taken from Trébutien. Three tales, “Jalaladeen,” “Haschem,”
and “Jussuf,” are Grimm’s imitations, taken probably from the composite
English edition of 1847, and with the same illustrations. “The Seven
Sleepers,” and the “Four Talismans,” are from the Count de Caylus’
tales; “Halechalbe” and “Bohetzad” (our No. 174) are from Chavis and
Cazotte; “The Enchanters,” and “Urad” are from the “Tales of the Genii;”
and “The Pantofles” is the well known story of the miser Casem and his
slippers, but I know not where it first appeared. The remaining three
tales are unknown to me, and as I have seen no volume of Italian
Oriental tales, some, no doubt, are derived from the Italian sources of
which the authoress spoke. They are the following: “The Prince and the
Lions,” “The City of the Demons” (a Jewish story purporting to have been
written in England) and “Sadik Beg.”
11. _New Arabian Nights_, by R. L. Stevenson. (London, 1882.)
12. _More New Arabian Nights. The Dynamiter._ By R. L. Stevenson and
Vander Grift (London, 1882). Class 4.
Of these tales, Sir R. F. Burton observes, “The only visible connection
with the old Nights is in the habit of seeking adventures under a
disguise. The method is to make the main idea possible and the details
extravagant. In another ‘New Arabian Nights,’ the joint production of
MM. Brookfield, Besant and Pollock, the reverse treatment is affected,
the leading idea being grotesque and impossible, and the details
accurate and life-like.”
C.—GERMAN.
It is quite possible that there are many imitations in German, but I
have not met with them. I can only mention one or two tales by Hauff
(the Caliph turned Stork, and the Adventures of Said); a story called
“Ali and Gulhindi,” by what author I do not now remember; and some
imitations said to be by Grimm, already mentioned in reference to the
English composite edition of 1847. They are all European fairy tales, in
an Eastern dress.
_CONCLUSION._
Among books specially interesting to the student of The Nights, I may
mention Weil’s “Biblische Legenden der Muselmänner, aus arabischen
Quellen zusammengetragen, und mit jüdischen Sagen verglichen”
(Frankfort-on-Main, 1845). An anonymous English translation appeared in
1846 under the title of “The Bible, the Koran, and the Talmud,” and it
also formed one of the sources from which the Rev. S. Baring-Gould
compiled his “Legends of Old Testament Characters” (2 vols., 1871). The
late Prof. Palmer’s “Life of Haroun Al-Raschid” (London, 1881), is not
much more than a brief popular sketch.
The references to The Nights in English and other European literatures
are innumerable; but I cannot refrain from quoting Mark Twain’s
identification of Henry the Eighth with Shahryar (Huckleberry Finn,
chap. xxiii.)
“Why, you ought to see old Henry the Eighth when he was in bloom. He
_was_ a blossom. He used to marry a new wife every day, and chop off her
head next morning. And he would do it just as indifferent as if he was
ordering up eggs. “Fetch up Nell Gwynne,” he says. They fetch her up.
Next morning, “Chop off her head.” And they chop it off. “Fetch up Jane
Shore,” he says; and up she comes. Next morning, “Chop off her head.”
And they chop it off. “Ring up Fair Rosamun.” Fair Rosamun answers the
bell. Next morning. “Chop off her head.” And he made every one of them
tell him a tale every night, and he kept that up till he had hogged a
thousand and one tales that way, and then he put them all in a book, and
called it Domesday Book—which was a good name, and stated the case. You
don’t know kings, Jim, but I know them, and this old rip of corn is one
of the cleanest I’ve struck in history. Well, Henry, he takes a notion
he wants to get up some trouble with this country. How does he do
it—give notice?—give the country a show? No. All of a sudden he heaves
all the tea in Boston Harbour overboard, and whacks out a declaration of
independence, and dares them to come on. That was _his_ style—he never
give anybody a chance. He had suspicions of his father, the Duke of
Wellington. Well, what did he do?—ask him to show up? No—drownded him in
a butt of mamsey, like a cat. Spose people left money laying around
where he was—what did he do? He collared it. Spose he contracted to do a
thing, and you paid him, and didn’t set down there and see that he done
it—what did he do? He always done the other thing. Spose he opened his
mouth—what then? If he didn’t shut it up powerful quick he’d lose a lie,
every time. That’s the kind of a bug Henry was.”
_COMPARATIVE TABLE OF THE TALES IN THE PRINCIPAL EDITIONS OF THE
THOUSAND AND ONE NIGHTS, viz._:—
1. Galland.
2. Caussin de Perceval.
3. Gauttier.
4. Scott’s MS. (Wortley Montague).
5. Scott’s MS. (Anderson; marked A).
6. Scott’s Arabian Nights.
7. Scott’s Tales and Anecdotes (marked A).
8. Von Hammer’s MS.
9. Zinserling.
10. Lamb.
11. Trébutien.
12. Bul. text.
13. Lane.
14. Bres. text.
15. Habicht.
16. Weil.
17. Mac. text.
18. Torrens.
19. Payne.
20. Payne’s Tales from the Arabic (marked I. II. III.).
21. Calc.
22. Burton.