Plate XLI. Male and Female.
Male with the feathers of the head narrow and elongated into a
decurved tuft; an erectile ruff of broad, abrupt, glossy feathers, in
two tufts; tail of eighteen feathers, rounded. Upper part of head and
hind part of neck bright yellowish-red, variegated with dusky; back
chestnut, marked with oblong white spots, margined with black; quills
brown, their outer webs pale yellowish-red, spotted with dusky; upper
tail-coverts banded or spotted with black; tail reddish-yellow,
narrowly barred and minutely mottled with black, and terminated by a
broad band of the latter, between two narrow bands of greyish-white; a
yellowish-white band from the bill to the eye, beyond which it is
prolonged; throat and fore neck light brownish-yellow; lower
ruff-feathers of the same colour, barred with reddish-brown, upper
black, glossed with blue; lower parts yellowish-white, with broad
transverse spots of dusky or brown. Female with the crest and ruff
less developed, the latter of a duller black; the tints of the plumage
duller than in the male. In the northern parts the plumage is
generally less red, but otherwise similar.
_Male_, 18, 24.
Common from Maryland to Labrador, and in the interior, from the
mountainous districts to Canada and the Saskatchewan. Columbia River.
Resident.
Ruffed Grouse, Tetrao umbellus, Wils. Amer. Orn. v. vi. p. 46.
Tetrao umbellus, Bonap. Syn. p. 126.
Tetrao umbellus, Ruffed Grouse, Swains. & Rich. F. Bor. Amer.
v. ii. p. 342.
Ruffed Grouse, Nutt. Man. v. i. p. 657.
Ruffed Grouse, Tetrao Umbellus, Aud. Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 211;
v. v. p. 560.
** Tarsus feathered to the toes. Tail rather long, broad,
rounded.