E. O.*
EDMUND OWEN, M.B., F.R.C.S., LL.D., D.SC.
Consulting Surgeon to St Mary's Hospital, London, and to the
Children's Hospital, Great Ormond Street, London. Chevalier of the
Legion of Honour. Late Examiner in Surgery at the Universities of
Cambridge, London and Durham. Author of _A Manual of Anatomy for
Senior Students_.
Goitre;
Haemorrhoids.
E. Pr.
EDGAR PRESTAGE.
Special Lecturer in Portuguese Literature in the University of
Manchester. Examiner in Portuguese in the Universities of London,
Manchester, &c. Commendador, Portuguese Order of S. Thiago.
Corresponding Member of Lisbon Royal Academy of Sciences, Lisbon
Geographical Society, &c. Editor of _Letters of a Portuguese Nun_;
_Azurara's Chronicle of Guinea_; &c.
Goes, Damiao De;
Gonzaga.
E. R.
LORD LOCHEE OF GOWRIE (Edmund Robertson), P.C., LL.D., K.C.
Civil Lord of the Admiralty, 1892-1895. Secretary to the
Admiralty, 1905-1908. M.P. for Dundee, 1885-1908. Fellow of Corpus
Christi College, Oxford.
Hallam, Henry.
E. S. G.
EDWIN STEPHEN GOODRICH, M.A., F.R.S.
Fellow and Librarian of Merton College, Oxford. Aldrichian
Demonstrator of Comparative Anatomy, University Museum, Oxford.
Haplodrili.
F. C. C.
FREDERICK CORNWALLIS CONYBEARE, M.A., D.TH. (Giessen).
Fellow of the British Academy. Formerly Fellow of University
College, Oxford. Author of _The Ancient Armenian Texts of
Aristotle_; _Myth, Magic and Morals_; &c.
Gregory the Illuminator.
F. G. M. B.
FREDERICK GEORGE MEESON BECK, M.A.
Fellow and Lecturer in Classics, Clare College, Cambridge.
Goths (_in part_).
F. G. S.
F. G. STEPHENS.
Formerly Art Critic of the _Athenaeum_. Author of _Artists at
Home_; _George Cruikshank_; _Memorials of W. Mulready_; _French
and Flemish Pictures_; _Sir E. Landseer_; _T. C. Hook, R.A._; &c.
Gilbert, Sir John.
F. H. D.
REV. FREDERICK HOMES DUDDEN, D.D.
Fellow, Tutor and Lecturer in Theology, Lincoln College, Oxford.
Author of _Gregory the Great, his Place in History and Thought_;
&c.
Gregory I.
F. H. H.
FRANKLIN HENRY HOOPER.
Assistant Editor of the _Century Dictionary_.
Hancock, Winfield Scott.
F. J. H.
FRANCIS JOHN HAVERFIELD, M.A., LL.D., F.S.A.
Camden Professor of Ancient History in the University of Oxford.
Fellow of Brasenose College. Fellow of the British Academy. Author
of Monographs on Roman History, especially Roman Britain; &c.
Graham's Dyke.
F. N.
FRIDTJOF NANSEN.
See the biographical article, NANSEN, FRIDTJOF.
Greenland.
F. R. C.
FRANK R. CANA.
Author of _South Africa from the Great Trek to the Union_.
Gold Coast.
F. S. P.
FRANCIS SAMUEL PHILBRICK, A.M., PH.D.
Formerly Scholar and Resident Fellow of Harvard University. Member
of American Historical Association.
Hamilton, Alexander.
F. W. R.*
FREDERICK WILLIAM RUDLER, I.S.O., F.G.S.
Curator and Librarian of the Museum of Practical Geology, London,
1879-1902. President of the Geologists' Association, 1887-1889.
Gypsum;
Haematite.
G. A. Gr.
GEORGE ABRAHAM GRIERSON, C.I.E., PH.D., D.LITT. (DUBLIN).
Member of the Indian Civil Service, 1873-1903. In charge of
Linguistic Survey of India, 1898-1902. Gold Medallist, Royal
Asiatic Society, 1909. Vice-President of the Royal Asiatic
Society. Formerly Fellow of Calcutta University. Author of _The
Languages of India_; &c.
Gujarati and Rajasthani.
G. C. M.
GEORGE CAMPBELL MACAULAY, M.A.
Lecturer in English in the University of Cambridge. Formerly
Professor of English Language and Literature in the University of
Wales. Editor of the _Works_ of John Gower; &c.
Gower, John.
G. C. W.
GEORGE CHARLES WILLIAMSON, LITT.D.
Chevalier of the Legion of Honour. Author of _Portrait
Miniatures_; _Life of Richard Cosway, R.A._; _George Engleheart_;
_Portrait Drawings_; &c. Editor of new edition of Bryan's
_Dictionary of Painters and Engravers_.
Greco, El.
G. F. Z.
GEORGE FREDERICK ZIMMER, A.M.INST.CE.
Author of _Mechanical Handling of Material_.
Granaries.
G. G.
SIR ALFRED GEORGE GREENHILL, M.A., F.R.S.
Formerly Professor of Mathematics in the Ordnance College,
Woolwich. Examiner in the University of Wales. Member of the
Aeronautical Committee. Author of _Notes on Dynamics_;
_Hydrostatics_; _Differential and Integral Calculus, with
Applications_; &c.
Gyroscope and Gyrostat.
G. Sn.
GRANT SHOWERMAN, A.M., PH.D.
Professor of Latin in the University of Wisconsin. Member of the
Archaeological Institute of America. Member of American
Philological Association. Author of _With the Professor_; _The
Great Mother of the Gods_; &c.
Great Mother of the Gods.
G. S. C.
SIR GEORGE SYDENHAM CLARKE, G.C.M.G., G.C.I.E., F.R.S.
Governor of Bombay. Author of _Imperial Defence_; _Russia's Great
Sea Power_; _The Last Great Naval War_; &c.
Greco-Turkish War, 1897.
G. W. E. R.
RT. HON. GEORGE WILLIAM ERSKINE RUSSELL, P.C., M.A., LL.D.
Under-Secretary of State for the Home Department, 1894-1895; for
India, 1892-1894. M.P. for Aylesbury, 1880-1885; for North Beds.,
1892-1895. Author of _Life of W. E. Gladstone_; _Collections and
Recollections_; &c.
Gladstone, W. E.
G. W. T.
REV. GRIFFITHS WHEELER THATCHER, M.A., B.D.
Warden of Camden College, Sydney, N.S.W. Formerly Tutor in Hebrew
and Old Testament History at Mansfield College, Oxford.
Hajji Khalifa;
Hamadhani;
Handani;
Hammad ar-Rawiya;
Hariri.
H. A. de C.
HENRY ANSELM DE COLYAR, K.C.
Author of _The Law of Guarantees and of Principal and Surety_; &c.
Guarantee.
H. B. Wo.
HORACE BOLINGBROKE WOODWARD, F.R.S., F.G.S.
Formerly Assistant Director of the Geological Survey of England
and Wales. President, Geologists' Association, 1893-1894.
Wollaston Medallist, 1908.
Haidinger, W. K.
H. Ch.
HUGH CHISHOLM, M.A.
Formerly Scholar of Corpus Christi College, Oxford. Editor of the
11th edition of the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_; co-editor of the
10th edition.
Goschen, 1st Viscount;
Granville, 2nd Earl;
Hamilton, Alexander (_in part_);
Harcourt, Sir William.
H. De.
HIPPOLYTE DELEHAYE, S. J.
Assistant in the compilation of the Bollandist publications:
_Analecta Bollandiana_ and _Acta sanctorum_.
Giles, St;
Hagiology.
H. G. H.
HORATIO GORDON HUTCHINSON.
Amateur Golf Champion, 1886-1887. Author of _Hints on Golf_;
_Golf_ (Badminton Library); _Book of Golf and Golfers_; &c.
Golf.
H. J. P.
HARRY JAMES POWELL, F.C.S.
Of Messrs James Powell & Sons, Whitefriars Glass Works, London.
Member of Committee of six appointed by Board of Education to
prepare the scheme for the rearrangement of the Art Collection of
the Victoria and Albert Museum. Author of _Glass Making_; &c.
Glass.
H. Lb.
HORACE LAMB, M.A., LL.D., D.SC, F.R.S.
Professor of Mathematics, University of Manchester. Formerly
Fellow and Assistant Tutor of Trinity College, Cambridge. Member
of Council of Royal Society, 1894-1896. Royal Medallist, 1902.
President of London Mathematical Society, 1902-1904. Author of
_Hydrodynamics_; &c.
Harmonic Analysis.
H. L. H.
HARRIET L. HENNESSY, L.R.C.S.I., L.R.C.P.I., M.D.(Brux.)
Gynaecology.
H. M. C.
HECTOR MUNRO CHADWICK, M.A.
Librarian and Fellow of Clare College, Cambridge. Author of
_Studies on Anglo-Saxon Institutions_.
Goths: _Gothic Language_.
H. M. Wo.
HAROLD MELLOR WOODCOCK, D.SC.
Assistant to the Professor of Proto-Zoology, London University.
Fellow of University College, London. Author of _Haemoflagellates_
in Sir E. Ray Lankester's _Treatise of Zoology_, and of various
scientific papers.
Gregarines;
Haemosporidia.
H. R.
HENRY REEVE, D.C.L.
See the biographical article, REEVE, HENRY.
Guizot (_in part_).
H. Sw.
HENRY SWEET, M.A., PH.D., LL.D.
University Reader in Phonetics, Oxford. Member of the Academies of
Munich, Berlin, Copenhagen and Helsingfors. Author of _A History
of English Sounds since the Earliest Period_; _A Handbook of
Phonetics_; &c.
Grimm, J. L. C.;
Grimm, Wilhelm Carl.
H. S.-K.
SIR HENRY SETON-KARR, C.M.G., M.A.
M.P. for St. Helen's, 1885-1906. Author of _My Sporting Holidays_;
&c.
Gun.
H. W. C. D.
HENRY WILLIAM CARLESS DAVIS, M.A.
Fellow and Tutor of Balliol College, Oxford. Fellow of All Souls
College, Oxford, 1895-1902. Author of _England under the Normans
and Angevins_; _Charlemagne_.
Gilbert, Foliot;
Gloucester, Robert, Earl of;
Grosseteste.
H. W. R.*
REV. HENRY WHEELER ROBINSON, M.A.
Professor of Church History in Rawdon College, Leeds. Senior
Kennicott Scholar, Oxford University, 1901. Author of _Hebrew
Psychology in Relation to Pauline Anthropology_ (in _Mansfield
College Essays_); &c.
Habakkuk.
I. A.
ISRAEL ABRAHAMS, M.A.
Reader in Talmudic and Rabbinic Literature, University of
Cambridge. President, Jewish Historical Society of England. Author
of _A Short History of Jewish Literature_; _Jewish Life in the
Middle Ages_.
Graetz;
Habdala;
Halakha;
Halevi;
Haptara;
Harizi.
J. A. F. M.
JOHN ALEXANDER FULLER MAITLAND, M.A., F.S.A.
Musical Critic of _The Times_. Author of _Life of Schumann_; _The
Musician's Pilgrimage_; _Masters of German Music_; _English Music
in the Nineteenth Century_; _The Age of Bach and Handel_. Editor
of new edition of Grove's _Dictionary of Music_; &c.
Grove, Sir George.
J. A. H.
JOHN ALLEN HOWE, B.SC.
Curator and Librarian of the Museum of Practical Geology, London.
Author of _The Geology of Building Stones_.
Glacial Period;
Greensand.
J. A. S.
JOHN ADDINGTON SYMONDS, LL.D.
See the biographical article, SYMONDS, J. A.
Guarini.
J. Bl.
JAMES BLYTH, M.A., LL.D.
Formerly Professor of Natural Philosophy, Glasgow and West of
Scotland Technical College. Editor of Ferguson's _Electricity_.
Graduation.
J. Bt.
JAMES BARTLETT.
Lecturer on Construction, Architecture, Sanitation, Quantities,
&c., King's College, London. Member of Society of Architects,
Institute of Junior Engineers, Quantity Surveyors' Association.
Author of _Quantities_.
Glazing.
J. D. B.
JAMES DAVID BOURCHIER, M.A., F.R.G.S.
King's College, Cambridge. Correspondent of _The Times_ in
South-Eastern Europe. Commander of the Orders of Prince Danilo of
Montenegro and of the Saviour of Greece, and Officer of the Order
of St Alexander of Bulgaria.
Greece: _Geography and History: Modern_;
Greek Literature: III. _Modern_.
J. E. S.*
JOHN EDWIN SANDYS, M.A., LITT.D., LL.D.
Public Orator in the University of Cambridge. Fellow of St John's
College, Cambridge. Fellow of the British Academy. Author of
_History of Classical Scholarship_; &c.
Greek Law.
J. Fi.
JOHN FISKE.
See the biographical article, FISKE, J.
Grant, Ulysses S.
J. G. C. A.
JOHN GEORGE CLARK ANDERSON, M.A.
Censor and Tutor of Christ Church, Oxford. Formerly Fellow of
Lincoln College. Craven Fellow (Oxford), 1896. Conington Prizeman,
1893.
Gordium.
J. G. R.
JOHN GEORGE ROBERTSON, M.A., PH.D.
Professor of German Language and Literature, University of London.
Author of _History of German Literature_; _Schiller after a
Century_; &c. Editor of the _Modern Language Journal_.
Goethe;
Grillparzer.
J. H. F.
JOHN HENRY FREESE, M.A.
Formerly Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge.
Gracchus;
Gratian;
Hadrian (_in part_).
J. H. H.
JOHN HENRY HESSELS, M.A.
Author of _Gutenberg: an Historical Investigation_.
Gloss;
Gutenberg.
J. H. P.
JOHN HENRY POYNTING, D.SC., F.R.S.
Professor of Physics and Dean of the Faculty of Science in the
University of Birmingham. Formerly Fellow of Trinity College,
Cambridge. Joint-author of _Text-Book of Physics_.
Gravitation (_in part_).
J. Hl. R.
JOHN HOLLAND ROSE, M.A., LITT.D.
Lecturer on Modern History to the Cambridge University Local
Lectures Syndicate. Author of _Life of Napoleon I._; _Napoleonic
Studies_; _The Development of the European Nations_; _The Life of
Pitt_; &c.
Gourgaud, Baron.
J. L. W.
MISS JESSIE LAIDLAY WESTON.
Author of _Arthurian Romances unrepresented in Malory_.
Grail, The Holy;
Guenevere.
J. M. M.
JOHN MALCOLM MITCHELL.
Sometime Scholar of Queen's College, Oxford. Lecturer in Classics,
East London College (University of London). Joint-editor of
Grote's _History of Greece_.
Grote;
Hamilton, Sir William, Bart, (_in part_);
Harem.
J. S. F.
JOHN SMITH FLETT, D.SC., F.G.S.
Petrographer to the Geological Survey. Formerly Lecturer on
Petrology in Edinburgh University. Neill Medallist of the Royal
Society of Edinburgh. Bigsby Medallist of the Geological Society
of London.
Glauconite;
Gneiss;
Granite;
Granulite;
Gravel;
Greisen;
Greywacke.
J. T. Be.
JOHN T. BEALBY.
Joint author of Stanford's _Europe_. Formerly Editor of the
_Scottish Geographical Magazine_. Translator of Sven Hedin's
_Through Asia, Central Asia and Tibet_; &c.
Gobi.
J. T. S.*
JAMES THOMSON SHOTWELL, PH.D.
Professor of History in Columbia University, New York City.
Golden Rose (_in part_);
Goliad;
Guizot (_in part_).
K. G. J.
KINGSLEY GARLAND JAYNE.
Sometime Scholar of Wadham College, Oxford. Matthew Arnold
Prizeman, 1903. Author of _Vasco da Gama and his Successors_.
Goa.
K. Kr.
KARL KRUMBACHER.
See the biographical article, KRUMBACHER, CARL.
Greek Literature: II. _Byzantine_.
K. S.
MISS KATHLEEN SCHLESINGER.
Editor of the _Portfolio of Musical Archaeology_. Author of _The
Instruments of the Orchestra_; &c.
Glockenspiel;
Gong;
Guitar;
Guitar Fiddle;
Gusla;
Harmonica;
Harmonichord;
Harmonium (_in part_).
L. D.*
LOUIS DUCHESNE.
See the biographical article, DUCHESNE, L. M. O.
Gregory: _Popes_, II.-VI.
L. F. D.
LEWIS FOREMAN DAY, F.S.A. (1845-1909).
Formerly Vice-President of the Society of Arts. Past Master of the
Art Workers' Gild. Author of _Windows, a book about Stained
Glass_; &c.
Glass, Stained.
L. F. V.-H.
LEVESON FRANCIS VERNON-HARCOURT, M.A., M.INST.C.E. (1839-1907).
Formerly Professor of Civil Engineering at University College,
London. Author of _Rivers and Canals_; _Harbours and Docks_;
_Civil Engineering as applied in Construction_; &c.
Harbour.
L. J. S.
LEONARD JAMES SPENCER, M.A.
Assistant in the Department of Mineralogy, British Museum.
Formerly Scholar of Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge, and Harkness
Scholar. Editor of the _Mineralogical Magazine_.
Goniometer;
Gothite;
Graphite (_in part_);
Greenockite.
L. R. F.
LEWIS RICHARD FARNELL, M.A., LITT.D.
Fellow and Senior Tutor of Exeter College, Oxford; University
Lecturer in Classical Archaeology; Wilde Lecturer in Comparative
Religion. Author of _Cults of the Greek States_; _Evolution of
Religion_.
Greek Religion.
M.
LORD MACAULAY.
See the biographical article, MACAULAY, T. B. M., BARON.
Goldsmith, Oliver.
M. G.
MOSES GASTER, PH.D.
Chief Rabbi of the Sephardic Communities of England.
Vice-President, Zionist Congress, 1898, 1899, 1900. Ilchester
Lecturer at Oxford on Slavonic and Byzantine Literature, 1886 and
1891. President, Folklore Society of England. Vice-President,
Anglo-Jewish Association. Author of _History of Rumanian Popular
Literature_; &c.
Gipsies.
M. H. S.
MARION H. SPIELMANN, F.S.A.
Formerly Editor of the Magazine of Art. Member of Fine Art
Committee of International Exhibitions of Brussels, Paris, Buenos
Aires, Rome and the Franco-British Exhibition, London. Author of
_History of "Punch"_; _British Portrait Painting to the opening of
the Nineteenth Century_; _Works of G. F. Watts, R.A._; _British
Sculpture and Sculptors of Today_; _Henriette Ronner_; &c.
Gilbert, Alfred;
Greenaway, Kate.
M. Ja.
MORRIS JASTROW, JUN., PH.D.
Professor of Semitic Languages, University of Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Author of _Religion of the Babylonians and Assyrians_; &c.
Gilgamesh, Epic of;
Gula.
M. M.
MAX ARTHUR MACAULIFFE.
Formerly Divisional Judge in the Punjab. Author of _The Sikh
Religion, its Gurus, Sacred Writings and Authors_; &c. Editor of
_Life of Guru Nanak_, in the Punjabi language.
Granth.
M. N. T.
MARCUS NIEBUHR TOD, M.A.
Fellow and Tutor of Oriel College, Oxford. University Lecturer in
Epigraphy. Joint-author of _Catalogue of the Sparta Museum_.