#229. Circumscription.—N. circumscription, limitation, inclosure;

confinement &c. (restraint) 751; circumvallation[obs3]; encincture;

envelope &c. 232. container (receptacle) 191. V. circumscribe, limit,

bound, confine, inclose; surround &c. 227; compass about; imprison &c.

(restrain) 751; hedge in, wall in, rail in; fence round, fence in,

hedge round; picket; corral. enfold, bury, encase, incase[obs3], pack

up, enshrine, inclasp[obs3]; wrap up &c. (invest) 225; embay[obs3],

embosom[obs3]. containment (inclusion) 76. Adj. circumscribed &c. v.;

begirt[obs3], lapt[obs3]; buried in, immersed in; embosomed[obs3], in

the bosom of, imbedded, encysted, mewed up; imprisoned &c. 751;

landlocked, in a ring fence.

#230. Outline.—N. outline, circumference; perimeter, periphery,

ambit, circuit, lines tournure[obs3], contour, profile, silhouette;

bounds; coast line. zone, belt, girth, band, baldric, zodiac, girdle,

tyre[Brit], cingle[obs3], clasp, girt; cordon &c. (inclosure) 232;

circlet, &c. 247..

#231. Edge.—N. edge, verge, brink, brow, brim, margin, border,

#

confine, skirt, rim, flange, side, mouth; jaws, chops, chaps, fauces;

lip,

muzzle.

threshold, door, porch; portal &c. (opening) 260; coast, shore.

frame, fringe, flounce, frill, list, trimming, edging, skirting,

hem,

selvedge, welt, furbelow, valance, gimp.

Adj. border, marginal, skirting; labial, labiated[obs3],

marginated[obs3].

#232. Inclosure.—N. inclosure, envelope; case &c. (receptacle) 191;

#

wrapper; girdle &c. 230.

pen, fold; pen fold, in fold, sheep fold; paddock, pound; corral;

yard; net, seine net.

wall, hedge, hedge row; espalier; fence &c. (defense) 717; pale,

paling, balustrade, rail, railing, quickset hedge, park paling,

circumvallation[obs3], enceinte, ring fence.

barrier, barricade; gate, gateway; bent, dingle [U.S.]; door,

hatch,

cordon; prison &c. 752.

dike, dyke, ditch, fosse[obs3], moat.

V. inclose, circumscribe &c. 229.

#233. Limit.—N. limit, boundary, bounds, confine, enclave, term,

#

bourn, verge, curbstone[obs3], but, pale, reservation; termination,

terminus; stint, frontier, precinct, marches; backwoods.

boundary line, landmark; line of demarcation, line of

circumvallation[obs3]; pillars of Hercules; Rubicon, turning point; ne

plus

ultra[Lat]; sluice, floodgate.

Adj. definite; conterminate|, conterminable[obs3]; terminal,

frontier;

bordering.

Adv. thus far, thus far and no further.

Phr. stick to the reservation; go beyond the pale.

_Special_

#234. Front.—N. front; fore, forepart; foreground; face, disk,

disc, frontage; facade, proscenium, facia[Lat], frontispiece;

anteriority[obs3]; obverse [of a medal or coin]. fore rank, front rank;

van, vanguard; advanced guard; outpost; first line; scout. brow,

forehead, visage, physiognomy, phiz[obs3], countenance, mut*[obs3];

rostrum, beak, bow, stem, prow, prore[obs3], jib. pioneer &c.

(precursor) 64; metoposcopy[obs3]. V. be in front, stand in front &c.

adj.; front, face, confront; bend forwards; come to the front, come to

the fore. Adj. fore, anterior, front, frontal. Adv. before; in front,

in the van, in advance; ahead, right ahead; forehead, foremost; in the

foreground, in the lee of; before one's face, before one's eyes; face

to face, vis-a-vis; front a front. Phr. formosa muta commendatio est

[Lat][Syrus]; frons est animi janua [Lat][Cicero]; "Human face divine"

[Milton]; imago animi vultus est indices oculi [Lat][Cicero]; "sea of

upturned faces" [Scott].

#235. Rear.—N. rear, back, posteriority; rear rank, rear guard;

#

background, hinterland.

occiput[Anat], nape, chine; heels; tail, rump, croup, buttock,

posteriors, backside scut[obs3], breech, dorsum, loin; dorsal region,

lumbar region; hind quarters; aitchbone[obs3]; natch, natch bone.

stern, poop, afterpart[obs3], heelpiece[obs3], crupper.

wake; train &c. (sequence) 281.

reverse; other side of the shield.

V. be behind &c. adv.; fall astern; bend backwards; bring up the

rear.

Adj. back, rear; hind, hinder, hindmost, hindermost[obs3];

postern,

posterior; dorsal, after; caudal, lumbar; mizzen, tergal[obs3].

Adv. behind; in the rear, in the background; behind one's back; at

the

heels of, at the tail of, at the back of; back to back.

after, aft, abaft, astern, sternmost[obs3], aback, rearward.

Phr. ogni medaglia ha il suo rovescio[It][obs3]; the other side of

the

coin.

#236. Laterality.—N. laterality[obs3]; side, flank, quarter, lee;

#

hand; cheek, jowl, jole[obs3], wing; profile; temple, parietes[Lat],

loin,

haunch, hip; beam.

gable, gable end; broadside; lee side.

points of the compass; East, Orient, Levant; West; orientation.

V. be on one side &c. adv.; flank, outflank; sidle; skirt;

orientate.

Adj. lateral, sidelong; collateral; parietal, flanking, skirting;

flanked; sideling.

many sided; multilateral, bilateral, trilateral, quadrilateral.

Eastern; orient, oriental; Levantine; Western, occidental,

Hesperian.

Adv. sideways, sidelong; broadside on; on one side, abreast,

alongside, beside, aside; by the side of; side by side; cheek by jowl

&c.

(near) 197; to windward, to leeward; laterally &c. adj.; right and

left; on

her beam ends.

Phr. "his cheek the may of days outworn" [Shakespeare].

#237. Contraposition.—N. contraposition[obs3], opposition;

#

polarity; inversion &c. 218; opposite side; reverse, inverse;

counterpart;

antipodes; opposite poles, North and South.

antonym, opposite (contrariety) 14.

V. be opposite &c. adj.; subtend.

Adj. opposite; reverse, inverse; converse, antipodal,

subcontrary[obs3]; fronting, facing, diametrically opposite.

Northern, septentrional, Boreal, arctic; Southern, Austral,

antarctic.

Adv. over, over the way, over against; against; face to face,

vis-a-

vis; as poles asunder.

#238. Dextrality.—N. dextrality[obs3]; right, right hand; dexter,

#

offside, starboard.

Adj. dextral, right-handed; dexter, dextrorsal[obs3],

dextrorse[obs3];

ambidextral[obs3], ambidextrous; dextro-.

Adv. dextrad[obs3], dextrally[obs3].

#239. Sinistrality.—N. sinistrality[obs3]; left, left hand, a

#

gauche; sinister, nearside[obs3], larboard, port.

Adj. left-handed; sinister; sinistral, sinistrorsal[obs3],

sinistrorse[obs3], sinistrous[obs3];

Pref. laevo-.

Adv. sinistrally, sinistrously[obs3].

SECTION III. FORM

1. General Form

#240. Form.—N. form, figure, shape; conformation, configuration;

#

make, formation, frame, construction, cut, set, build, trim, cut of

one's

jib; stamp, type, cast, mold; fashion; contour &c. (outline) 230;

structure

&c. 329; plasmature[obs3].

feature, lineament, turn; phase &c. (aspect) 448; posture,

attitude,

pose.

[Science of form] morphism.

[Similarity of form] isomorphism.

forming &c. v.; formation, figuration, efformation[obs3];

sculpture;

plasmation[obs3].

V. form, shape, figure, fashion, efform[obs3], carve, cut, chisel,

hew, cast; rough hew, rough cast; sketch; block out, hammer out; trim;

lick

into shape, put into shape; model, knead, work up into, set, mold,

sculpture; cast, stamp; build &c. (construct) 161.

Adj. formed &c. v.

[Receiving form] plastic, fictile[obs3]; formative; fluid.

[Giving form] plasmic[obs3].

[Similar in form] isomorphous.

[taking several forms] pleomorphic; protean; changeable, &c. 149.

#241. [Absence of form.] Amorphism.—N. amorphism[obs3],

#

informity[obs3]; unlicked cub[obs3]; rudis indigestaque moles[Lat];

disorder &c. 59; deformity &c. 243.

disfigurement, defacement; mutilation; deforming.

chaos, randomness (disorder) 59.

[taking form from surroundings] fluid &c. 333.

V. deface[Destroy form], disfigure, deform, mutilate, truncate;

derange &c. 61; blemish, mar.

Adj. shapeless, amorphous, formless; unformed, unhewn[obs3],

unfashioned[obs3], unshaped, unshapen; rough, rude, Gothic, barbarous,

rugged.

#242. [Regularity of form.] Symmetry.—N. symmetry, shapeliness,

#

finish; beauty &c. 845; proportion, eurythmy[obs3], uniformity,

parallelism; bilateral symmetry, trilateral symmetry, multilateral

symmetry; centrality &c. 222.

arborescence[obs3], branching, ramification; arbor vitae.

Adj. symmetrical, shapely, well set, finished; beautiful &c. 845;

classic, chaste, severe.

regular, uniform, balanced; equal &c. 27; parallel, coextensive.

arborescent[obs3], arboriform[obs3]; dendriform[obs3],

dendroid[obs3];

branching; ramous[obs3], ramose; filiciform[obs3], filicoid[obs3];

subarborescent[obs3]; papilionaceous[obs3].

fuji-shaped, fujigata[Jap.].

#243. [Irregularity of form.] Distortion.—N. distortion,

detortion[obs3], contortion; twist, crookedness &c. (obliquity) 217;

grimace; deformity; malformation, malconformation[obs3]; harelip;

monstrosity, misproportion[obs3], want of symmetry, anamorphosis[obs3];

ugliness &c. 846; talipes[obs3]; teratology. asymmetry; irregularity.

V. distort, contort, twist, warp, wrest, writhe, make faces, deform,

misshape. Adj. distorted &c. v.; out of shape, irregular, asymmetric,

unsymmetric[obs3], awry, wry, askew, crooked; not true, not straight;

on one side, crump[obs3], deformed; harelipped; misshapen, misbegotten;

misproportioned[obs3], ill proportioned; ill-made; grotesque,

monstrous, crooked as a ram's horn; camel backed, hump backed, hunch

backed, bunch backed, crook backed; bandy; bandy legged, bow legged;

bow kneed, knock kneed; splay footed, club footed; round shouldered;

snub nosed; curtailed of one's fair proportions; stumpy &c. (short)

201; gaunt &c. (thin) 203; bloated &c. 194; scalene; simous[obs3];

taliped[obs3], talipedic[obs3]. Adv. all manner of ways. Phr. crooked

as a Virginia fence [U.S.].

2. Special Form

#244. Angularity.—N. angularity, angularness[obs3]; aduncity[obs3];

angle, cusp, bend; fold &c. 258; notch &c. 257; fork, bifurcation.

elbow, knee, knuckle, ankle, groin, crotch, crutch, crane, fluke,

scythe, sickle, zigzag, kimbo[obs3], akimbo. corner, nook, recess,

niche, oriel[Arch], coign[obs3]. right angle &c. (perpendicular) 216a,

212; obliquity &c. 217; angle of 45x, miter; acute angle, obtuse angle,

salient angle, reentering angle, spherical angle. angular measurement,

angular elevation, angular distance, angular velocity; trigonometry,

goniometry; altimetry[obs3]; clinometer, graphometer[obs3], goniometer;

theodolite; sextant, quadrant; dichotomy. triangle, trigon[obs3],

wedge; rectangle, square, lozenge, diamond; rhomb, rhombus; quadrangle,

quadrilateral; parallelogram; quadrature; polygon, pentagon, hexagon,

heptagon, octagon, oxygon[obs3], decagon. pyramid, cone. Platonic

bodies; cube, rhomboid; tetrahedron, pentahedron, hexahedron,

octahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron, eicosahedron; prism, pyramid;

parallelopiped; curb roof, gambrel roof, mansard roof. V. bend, fork,

bifurcate, crinkle. Adj. angular, bent, crooked, aduncous[obs3],

uncinated[obs3], aquiline, jagged, serrated; falciform[obs3],

falcated[obs3]; furcated[obs3], forked, bifurcate, zigzag;

furcular[obs3]; hooked; dovetailed; knock kneed, crinkled, akimbo,

kimbo[obs3], geniculated[obs3]; oblique &c. 217. fusiform[Microb],

wedge-shaped, cuneiform; cuneate[obs3], multangular[obs3],

oxygonal[obs3]; triangular, trigonal[obs3], trilateral; quadrangular,

quadrilateral; foursquare; rectangular, square, multilateral; polygonal

&c. n.; cubical, rhomboid, rhomboidal, pyramidal.

#245. Curvature.—N. curvature, curvity[obs3], curvation[obs3];

incurvature[obs3], incurvity|; incurvation[obs3]; bend; flexure,

flexion, flection[obs3]; conflexure|; crook, hook, bought, bending;

deflection, deflexion[obs3]; inflection, inflexion[obs3];

concameration[obs3]; arcuation[obs3], devexity|, turn, deviation,

detour, sweep; curl, curling; bough; recurvity[obs3],

recurvation[obs3]; sinuosity &c. 248. kink. carve, arc, arch, arcade,

vault, bow, crescent, half-moon, lunule[obs3], horseshoe, loop, crane

neck; parabola, hyperbola; helix, spiral; catenary[obs3], festoon;

conchoid[obs3], cardioid; caustic; tracery; arched ceiling, arched

roof; bay window, bow window. sine curve; spline, spline curve, spline

function; obliquity &c. 217. V. be curved &c. adj[intrans].; curve,

sweep, sway, swag, sag; deviate &c. 279; curl, turn; reenter. [trans]

render curved &c. adj.; flex, bend, curve, incurvate[obs3]; inflect;

deflect, scatter[Phys]; refract (light) 420; crook; turn, round, arch,

arcuate, arch over, concamerate[obs3]; bow, curl, recurve, frizzle.

rotundity &c. 249; convexity &c. 250. Adj. curved &c. v.;

curviform[obs3], curvilineal[obs3], curvilinear; devex|, devious;

recurved, recurvous[obs3]; crump[obs3]; bowed &c. v.; vaulted, hooked;

falciform[obs3], falcated[obs3]; semicircular, crescentic;

sinusoid[Geom], parabolic, paraboloid; luniform[obs3], lunular[obs3];

semilunar, conchoidal[obs3]; helical, double helical, spiral; kinky;

cordiform[obs3], cordated[obs3]; cardioid; heart shaped, bell shaped,

boat shaped, crescent shaped, lens shaped, moon shaped, oar shaped,

shield shaped, sickle shaped, tongue shaped, pear shaped, fig shaped;

kidney- shaped, reniform; lentiform[obs3], lenticular; bow-legged &c.

(distorted) 243; oblique &c. 217; circular &c. 247. aduncated[obs3],

arclike[obs3], arcuate, arched, beaked; bicorn[obs3], bicornuous[obs3],

bicornute[obs3]; clypeate[obs3], clypeiform[obs3]; cymbiform[obs3],

embowed[obs3], galeiform[obs3]; hamate[obs3], hamiform[obs3],

hamous[obs3]; hooked; linguiform[obs3], lingulate[obs3];

lobiform[obs3], lunate, navicular[obs3], peltate[obs3], remiform[obs3],

rhamphoid[obs3]; rostrate[obs3], rostriferous[obs3], rostroid[obs3];

scutate[obs3], scaphoid[obs3], uncate[obs3]; unguiculate[obs3],

unguiform[obs3].

#246. Straightness.—N. straightness, rectilinearity[obs3],

directness; inflexibility &c. (stiffness) 323; straight line, right

line, direct line; short cut. V. be straight &c. adj.; have no turning;

not incline to either side, not bend to either side, not turn to either

side, not deviate to either side; go straight; steer for &c.

(directions) 278. render straight, straighten, rectify; set straight,

put straight; unbend, unfold, uncurl &c. 248, unravel &c. 219, unwrap.

Adj. straight; rectilinear, rectilineal[obs3]; direct, even, right,

true, in a line; unbent, virgate &c. v[obs3].; undeviating, unturned,

undistorted, unswerving; straight as an arrow &c. (direct) 278;

inflexible &c. 323. laser-straight; ramrod-straight.

#247. [Simple circularity.] Circularity.—N. circularity, roundness;

rotundity &c. 249. circle, circlet, ring, areola, hoop, roundlet[obs3],

annulus, annulet[obs3], bracelet, armlet; ringlet; eye, loop, wheel;

cycle, orb, orbit, rundle, zone, belt, cordon, band; contrate

wheel[obs3], crown wheel; hub; nave; sash, girdle, cestus[obs3],

cincture, baldric, fillet, fascia, wreath, garland; crown, corona,

coronet, chaplet, snood, necklace, collar; noose, lasso, lassoo[obs3].

ellipse, oval, ovule; ellipsoid, cycloid; epicycloid[Geom], epicycle;

semicircle; quadrant, sextant, sector. sphere &c. 249. V. make round

&c. adj.; round. go round; encircle &c. 227; describe a circle &c. 311.

Adj. round, rounded, circular, annular, orbicular; oval, ovate;

elliptic, elliptical; egg-shaped; pear-shaped &c. 245; cycloidal &c.

n[obs3].; spherical &c. 249. Phr. "I watched the little circles die"

[Tennyson].

#248. [Complex curvature.] Convolution.—N. winding &c. v.;

convolution, involution, circumvolution; wave, undulation, tortuosity,

anfractuosity[obs3]; sinuosity, sinuation[obs3]; meandering, circuit,

circumbendibus[obs3], twist, twirl, windings and turnings,

ambages[obs3]; torsion; inosculation[obs3]; reticulation &c. (crossing)

219; rivulation[obs3]; roughness &c. 256. coil, roll, curl; buckle,

spiral, helix, corkscrew, worm, volute, rundle; tendril; scollop[obs3],

scallop, escalop[obs3]; kink; ammonite, snakestone[obs3]. serpent, eel,

maze, labyrinth. knot. V. be convoluted &c. adj.; wind, twine, turn and

twist, twirl; wave, undulate, meander; inosculate[obs3]; entwine,

intwine[obs3]; twist, coil, roll; wrinkle, curl, crisp, twill; frizzle;

crimp, crape, indent, scollop[obs3], scallop, wring, intort[obs3];

contort; wreathe &c. (cross) 219. Adj. convoluted; winding, twisted &c.

v.; tortile[obs3], tortive|; wavy; undated, undulatory; circling,

snaky, snake-like, serpentine; serpent, anguill[obs3], vermiform;

vermicular; mazy, tortuous, sinuous, flexuous, anfractuous[obs3],

reclivate[obs3], rivulose[obs3], scolecoid[obs3]; sigmoid,

sigmoidal[Geom]; spiriferous[obs3], spiroid[obs3]; involved, intricate,

complicated, perplexed; labyrinth, labyrinthic[obs3],

labyrinthian[obs3], labyrinthine; peristaltic; daedalian[obs3]; kinky,

knotted. wreathy[obs3], frizzly, crepe, buckled; raveled &c. (in

disorder) 59. spiral, coiled, helical; cochleate, cochleous;

screw-shaped; turbinated, turbiniform[obs3]. Adv. in and out, round and

round; a can of worms; Gordian knot.

#249. Rotundity.—N. rotundity; roundness &c. adj.;

cylindricity[obs3]; sphericity, spheroidity[obs3]; globosity[obs3].

cylinder, cylindroid[obs3], cylindrical; barrel, drum; roll, roller;

rouleau[obs3], column, rolling-pin, rundle. cone, conoid[obs3]; pear

shape, egg shape, bell shape. sphere, globe, ball, boulder,

bowlder[obs3]; spheroid, ellipsoid; oblong spheroid; oblate spheroid,

prolate spheroid; drop, spherule, globule, vesicle, bulb, bullet,

pellet, pelote[obs3], clew, pill, marble, pea, knob, pommel, horn; knot

(convolution) 248. curved surface, hypersphere; hyperdimensional

surface. V. render spherical &c. adj.; form into a sphere, sphere, roll

into a ball; give rotundity &c. n.; round. Adj. rotund; round &c.

(circular) 247; cylindric, cylindrical, cylindroid[obs3]; columnar,

lumbriciform[obs3]; conic, conical; spherical, spheroidal; globular,

globated[obs3], globous[obs3], globose; egg shaped, bell shaped, pear

shaped; ovoid, oviform; gibbous; rixiform[obs3]; campaniform[obs3],

campanulate[obs3], campaniliform[obs3]; fungiform[obs3], bead-like,

moniliform[obs3], pyriform[obs3], bulbous; tres atque rotundus[Lat];

round as an orange, round as an apple, round as a ball, round as a

billiard ball, round as a cannon ball.

3. Superficial Form

#250. Convexity.—N. convexity, prominence, projection, swelling,

gibbosity[obs3], bilge, bulge, protuberance, protrusion; camber, cahot

[obs3][N. Am.], thank-ye-ma'am [U.S.]. swell. intumescence;

tumour[Brit], tumor; tubercle, tuberosity[Anat]; excrescence; hump,

hunch, bunch. boss, embossment, hub, hubble [convex body parts]

tooth[U.S.], knob, elbow, process, apophysis[obs3], condyle, bulb,

node, nodule, nodosity[obs3], tongue, dorsum, bump, clump; sugar loaf

&c. (sharpness) 253; bow; mamelon[obs3]; molar; belly, corporation|!,

pot belly, gut[coll]; withers, back, shoulder, lip, flange.

[convexities on skin] pimple, zit [slang]; wen, wheel, papula[Med],

pustule, pock, proud flesh, growth, sarcoma, caruncle[obs3], corn,

wart, pappiloma, furuncle, polypus[obs3], fungus, fungosity[obs3],

exostosis[obs3], bleb, blister, blain[obs3]; boil &c. (disease) 655;

airbubble[obs3], blob, papule, verruca. [convex body parts on chest]

papilla, nipple, teat, tit [vulgar], titty [vulgar], boob [vulgar],

knocker[vulgar], pap, breast, dug, mammilla[obs3]. [prominent convexity

on the face] proboscis, nose, neb, beak, snout, nozzle, schnoz[coll].

peg, button, stud, ridge, rib, jutty, trunnion, snag. cupola, dome,

arch, balcony, eaves; pilaster. relief, relievo[It], cameo;

bassorilievo[obs3], mezzorilevo[obs3], altorivievo; low relief, bas

relief[Fr], high relief. hill &c. (height) 206; cape, promontory, mull;

forehead, foreland[obs3]; point of land, mole, jetty, hummock, ledge,

spur; naze[obs3], ness. V. be prominent &c. adj.; project, bulge,

protrude, pout, bouge|[Fr], bunch; jut out, stand out, stick out, poke

out; stick up, bristle up, start up, cock up, shoot up; swell over,

hang over, bend over; beetle. render prominent &c. adj.; raise 307;

emboss, chase. [become convex] belly out. Adj. convex, prominent,

protuberant, projecting &c. v.; bossed, embossed, bossy, nodular,

bunchy; clavate, clavated[obs3], claviform; hummocky[obs3],

moutonne[obs3], mammiliform[obs3]; papulous[obs3], papilose[obs3];

hemispheric, bulbous; bowed, arched; bold; bellied; tuberous,

tuberculous; tumous[obs3]; cornute[obs3], odontoid[obs3];

lentiform[obs3], lenticular; gibbous; club shaped, hubby [obs3][U.S.],

hubbly [obs3][U.S.], knobby, papillose, saddle-shaped, selliform[obs3],

subclavate[obs3], torose[obs3], ventricose[obs3], verrucose[obs3].

salient, in relief, raised, repousse; bloated &c, (expanded) 194.

#251. Flatness.—N. flatness &c. adj.; smoothness &c. 255.

#

plane; level &c. 213; plate, platter, table, tablet, slab.

V. render flat, flatten; level &c. 213.

Adj. flat, plane, even, flush, scutiform[obs3], discoid; level &c.

(horizontal) 213; flat as a pancake, flat as a fluke, flat as a

flounder,

flat as a board, flat as my hand.

#252. Concavity.—N. concavity, depression, dip; hollow, hollowness;

indentation, intaglio, cavity, dent, dint, dimple, follicle, pit,

sinus, alveolus[obs3], lacuna; excavation, strip mine; trough &c.

(furrow) 259; honeycomb. cup, basin, crater, punch bowl; cell &c.

(receptacle) 191; socket. valley, vale, dale, dell, dingle,

combe[obs3], bottom, slade[obs3], strath[obs3], glade, grove, glen,

cave, cavern, cove; grot[obs3], grotto; alcove, cul-de-sac; gully &c.

198; arch &c. (curve) 245; bay &c. (of the sea) 343. excavator, sapper,

miner. honeycomb (sponge) 252a. V. be concave &c. adj.; retire, cave

in. render concave &c. adj.; depress, hollow; scoop, scoop out; gouge,

gouge out, dig, delve, excavate, dent, dint, mine, sap, undermine,

burrow, tunnel, stave in. Adj. depressed &c. v.; alveolate[obs3],

calathiform[obs3], cup-shaped, dishing; favaginous[obs3],

faveolate[obs3], favose[obs3]; scyphiform[obs3], scyphose[obs3];

concave, hollow, stove in; retiring; retreating; cavernous; porous &c.

(with holes) 260; infundibul[obs3], infundibular[obs3],

infundibuliform[obs3]; funnel shaped, bell shaped; campaniform[obs3],

capsular; vaulted, arched.

252a Sponge—N. sponge, honeycomb, network; frit[Chem], filter.

sieve, net, screen (opening) 260.

Adj. cellular, spongy, spongious[obs3]; honeycombed, alveolar;

sintered; porous (opening) 260.

#253. Sharpness.—N. sharpness &c. adj.; acuity, acumination[obs3];

spinosity[obs3]. point, spike, spine, spicule[Biol], spiculum[obs3];

needle, hypodermic needle, tack, nail, pin; prick, prickle; spur,

rowel, barb; spit, cusp; horn, antler; snag; tag thorn, bristle; Adam's

needle[obs3], bear grass [U.S.], tine, yucca. nib, tooth, tusk; spoke,

cog, ratchet. crag, crest, arete[Fr], cone peak, sugar loaf, pike,

aiguille[obs3]; spire, pyramid, steeple. beard, chevaux de frise[Fr],

porcupine, hedgehog, brier, bramble, thistle; comb; awn, beggar's lice,

bur, burr, catchweed[obs3], cleavers, clivers[obs3], goose, grass,

hairif[obs3], hariff, flax comb, hackle, hatchel[obs3], heckle. wedge;

knife edge, cutting edge; blade, edge tool, cutlery, knife, penknife,

whittle, razor, razor blade, safety razor, straight razor, electric

razor; scalpel; bistoury[obs3], lancet; plowshare, coulter,

colter[obs3]; hatchet, ax, pickax, mattock, pick, adze, gill; billhook,

cleaver, cutter; scythe, sickle; scissors, shears, pruning shears,

cutters, wire cutters, nail clipper, paper cutter; sword &c. (arms)

727; bodkin &c. (perforator) 262; belduque[obs3], bowie knife[obs3],

paring knife; bushwhacker [U.S.]; drawing knife, drawing shave;

microtome[Microbiol]; chisel, screwdriver blade; flint blade;

guillotine. sharpener, hone, strop; grindstone, whetstone;

novaculite[obs3]; steel, emery. V. be sharp &c. adj.; taper to a point;

bristle with. render sharp &c. adj.; sharpen, point, aculeate, whet,

barb, spiculate[obs3], set, strop, grind; chip [flint]. cut &c.

(sunder) 44. Adj. sharp, keen; acute; acicular, aciform[obs3];

aculeated[obs3], acuminated[obs3]; pointed; tapering; conical,

pyramidal; mucronate[obs3], mucronated[obs3]; spindle shaped, needle

shaped; spiked, spiky, ensiform[obs3], peaked, salient; cusped,

cuspidate, cuspidated[obs3]; cornute[obs3], cornuted[obs3],

cornicultate[obs3]; prickly; spiny, spinous[obs3], spicular; thorny,

bristling, muricated[obs3], pectinated[obs3], studded, thistly,

briary[obs3]; craggy &c. (rough) 256; snaggy, digitated[obs3],

two-edged, fusiform[Microb]; dentiform[obs3], denticulated; toothed;

odontoid[obs3]; starlike; stellated[obs3], stelliform[obs3];

sagittate[obs3], sagittiform[obs3]; arrowheaded[obs3]; arrowy[obs3],

barbed, spurred. acinaciform; apiculate[obs3], apiculated[obs3];

aristate[obs3], awned, awny[obs3], bearded, calamiform[obs3],

cone-shaped, coniform[obs3], crestate[obs3], echinate[obs3],

gladiate[obs3]; lanceolate[obs3], lanciform; awl, awl-shaped,

lance-shaped, awl-shaped, scimitar-shaped, sword-shaped;

setarious[obs3], spinuliferous[obs3], subulate[obs3], tetrahedral,

xiphoid[obs3]. cutting; sharp edged, knife edged; sharp as a razor,

keen as a razor; sharp as a needle, sharp as a tack; sharpened &c. v.;

set.

#254. Bluntness.—N. bluntness &c. adj.

#

V. be blunt, render blunt &c. adj.; obtund[obs3], dull; take off

the

point, take off the edge; turn.

Adj. blunt, obtuse, dull, bluff; edentate, toothless.

#255. Smoothness.—N. smoothness &c. adj.; polish, gloss; lubricity,

lubrication. [smooth materials] down, velvet, velure, silk, satin;

velveteen, velour, velours, velumen[obs3]; glass, ice. slide; bowling

green &c. (level) 213; asphalt, wood pavement, flagstone, flags.

[objects used to smooth other objects] roller, steam roller, lawn

roller, rolling pin, rolling mill; sand paper, emery paper, emery

cloth, sander; flat iron, sad iron; burnisher, turpentine and beeswax;

polish, shoe polish. [art of cutting and polishing gemstones] lapidary.

[person who polishes gemstones] lapidary, lapidarian. V. smooth,

smoothen[obs3]; plane; file; mow, shave; level, roll; macadamize;

polish, burnish, calender[obs3], glaze; iron, hot-press, mangle;

lubricate &c. (oil) 332. Adj. smooth; polished &c. v.;

leiodermatous[obs3], slick, velutinous[obs3]; even; level &c. 213;

plane &c. (flat) 251; sleek, glossy; silken, silky; lanate[obs3],

downy, velvety; glabrous, slippery, glassy, lubricous, oily, soft,

unwrinkled[obs3]; smooth as glass, smooth as ice, smooth as monumental

alabaster, smooth as velvet, smooth as oil; slippery as an eel; woolly

&c. (feathery) 256. Phr. smooth as silk; slippery as coonshit on a

pump handle; slippery as a greased pig.

#256. Roughness.—N. roughness &c. adj.; tooth, grain, texture,

ripple; asperity, rugosity[obs3], salebrosity|, corrugation,

nodosity[obs3]; arborescence[obs3] &c. 242; pilosity[obs3]. brush,

hair, beard, shag, mane, whisker, moustache, imperial, tress, lock,

curl, ringlet; fimbriae, pili, cilia, villi; lovelock;

beaucatcher[obs3]; curl paper; goatee; papillote, scalp lock. plumage,

plumosity[obs3]; plume, panache, crest; feather, tuft, fringe, toupee.

wool, velvet, plush, nap, pile, floss, fur, down; byssus[obs3], moss,

bur; fluff. knot (convolution) 248. V. be rough &c. adj.; go against

the grain. render-rough &c. adj.; roughen, ruffle, crisp, crumple,

corrugate, set on edge, stroke the wrong way, rumple. Adj. rough,

uneven, scabrous, scaly ,knotted; rugged, rugose[obs3], rugous[obs3];

knurly[obs3]; asperous[obs3], crisp, salebrous|, gnarled, unpolished,

unsmooth[obs3], roughhewn[obs3]; craggy, cragged; crankling[obs3],

scraggy; prickly &c. (sharp) 253; arborescent &c. 242[obs3]; leafy,

well-wooded; feathery; plumose, plumigerous[obs3]; laciniate[obs3],

laciniform[obs3], laciniose[obs3]; pappose[obs3]; pileous[obs3],

pilose[obs3]; trichogenous[obs3], trichoid[Med]; tufted, fimbriated,

hairy, ciliated, filamentous, hirsute; crinose[obs3], crinite[obs3];

bushy, hispid, villous, pappous[obs3], bearded, pilous[obs3], shaggy,

shagged; fringed, befringed[obs3]; setous|, setose[obs3], setaceous;

"like quills upon the fretful porcupine" [Hamlet]; rough as a nutmeg

grater, rough as a bear. downy, velvety, flocculent, woolly;

lanate[obs3], lanated[obs3]; lanuginous[obs3], lanuginose[obs3];

tomentose[obs3]; fluffy. Adv. against the grain. Phr. cabello luengo y

corto el seso[Sp].

#257. Notch.—N. notch, dent, nick, cut; indent, indentation;

#

dimple.

embrasure, battlement, machicolation[obs3]; saw, tooth,

crenelle[obs3], scallop, scollop[obs3], vandyke; depression; jag.

V. notch, nick, cut, dent, indent, jag, scarify, scotch, crimp,

scallop, scollop[obs3], crenulate[obs3], vandyke.

Adj. notched &c. v.; crenate[obs3], crenated[obs3]; dentate,

dentated;

denticulate, denticulated; toothed, palmated[obs3], serrated.

#258. Fold.—N. fold, plicature[obs3], plait, pleat, ply, crease;

tuck, gather; flexion, flexure, joint, elbow, double, doubling,

duplicature[obs3], gather, wrinkle, rimple[obs3], crinkle,

crankle[obs3], crumple, rumple, rivel[obs3], ruck[obs3], ruffle, dog's

ear, corrugation, frounce[obs3], flounce, lapel; pucker, crow's feet;

plication[obs3]. V. fold, double, plicate[obs3], plait, crease,

wrinkle, crinkle, crankle[obs3], curl, cockle up, cocker, rimple[obs3],

rumple, flute, frizzle, frounce[obs3], rivel[obs3], twill, corrugate,

ruffle, crimple|, crumple, pucker; turn down, double down, down under;

tuck, ruck[obs3], hem, gather. Adj. folded, fluted, pleated &c. v..

#259. Furrow.—N. furrow, groove, rut, sulcus[Anat], scratch,

streak, striae, crack, score, incision, slit; chamfer, fluting;

corduroy road, cradle hole. channel, gutter, trench, ditch, dike, dyke;

moat, fosse[obs3], trough, kennel; ravine &c. (interval) 198; tajo

[obs3][U.S.], thank-ye-ma'am [U.S.]. V. furrow &c. n.; flute, plow;

incise, engrave, etch, bite in. Adj. furrowed &c. v.; ribbed, striated,

sulcated[Anat], fluted, canaliculated[obs3]; bisulcous[obs3],

bisulcate[obs3], bisulcated[obs3]; canaliferous[obs3];

trisulcate[obs3]; corduroy; unisulcate[obs3]; costate[obs3],

rimiform[obs3].

#260. Opening—N. hole, foramen; puncture, perforation;

fontanel[obs3]; transforation[obs3]; pinhole, keyhole, loophole,

porthole, peephole, mousehole, pigeonhole; eye of a needle; eyelet;

slot. opening; aperture, apertness[obs3]; hiation[obs3], yawning,

oscitancy[obs3], dehiscence, patefaction|, pandiculation[obs3]; chasm

&c. (interval) 198. embrasure, window, casement; abatjour[obs3]; light;

sky light, fan light; lattice; bay window, bow window; oriel[Arch];

dormer, lantern. outlet, inlet; vent, vomitory; embouchure; orifice,

mouth, sucker, muzzle, throat, gullet, weasand[obs3], wizen, nozzle;

placket. portal, porch, gate, ostiary|, postern, wicket, trapdoor,

hatch, door; arcade; cellarway[obs3], driveway, gateway, doorway,

hatchway, gangway; lich gate[obs3]. way, path &c. 627; thoroughfare;

channel; passage, passageway; tube, pipe; water pipe &c. 350; air pipe

&c. 351; vessel, tubule, canal, gut, fistula; adjutage[obs3],

ajutage[obs3]; ostium[obs3]; smokestack; chimney, flue, tap, funnel,

gully, tunnel, main; mine, pit, adit[obs3], shaft; gallery. alley,

aisle, glade, vista. bore, caliber; pore; blind orifice;

fulgurite[obs3], thundertube[obs3]. porousness, porosity. sieve,

cullender[obs3], colander; cribble[obs3], riddle, screen; honeycomb.

apertion[obs3], perforation; piercing &c. v.; terebration[obs3],

empalement[obs3], pertusion|, puncture, acupuncture, penetration. key

&c. 631, opener, master key, password, combination, passe-partout. V.

open, ope[obs3], gape, yawn, bilge; fly open. perforate, pierce,

empierce|, tap, bore, drill; mine &c. (scoop out) 252; tunnel;

transpierce[obs3], transfix; enfilade, impale, spike, spear, gore,

spit, stab, pink, puncture, lance, stick, prick, riddle, punch; stave

in. cut a passage through; make way for, make room for. uncover,

unclose, unrip[obs3]; lay open, cut open, rip open, throw open, pop

open, blow open, pry open, tear open, pull open. Adj. open; perforated

&c. v.; perforate; wide open, ajar, unclosed, unstopped;

oscitant[obs3], gaping, yawning; patent. tubular, cannular[obs3],

fistulous; pervious, permeable; foraminous[obs3]; vesicular,

vasicular[obs3]; porous, follicular, cribriform[obs3], honeycombed,

infundibular[obs3], riddled; tubulous[obs3], tubulated[obs3]; piped,

tubate[obs3]. opening &c. v.; aperient[obs3]. Int. open sesame!

#261. Closure.—N. closure, occlusion, blockade; shutting up &c. v.;

obstruction &c. (hindrance) 706; embolus; contraction &c. 195;

infarction; constipation, obstipation[obs3]; blind alley, blind corner;

keddah[obs3]; cul-de-sac, caecum; imperforation[obs3], imperviousness

&c. adj.; impermeability; stopper &c. 263. V. close, occlude, plug;

block up, stop up, fill up, bung up, cork up, button up, stuff up, shut

up, dam up; blockade, obstruct &c. (hinder) 706; bar, bolt, stop, seal,

plumb; choke, throttle; ram down, dam, cram; trap, clinch; put to the

door, shut the door. Adj. closed &c. v.; shut, operculated[obs3];

unopened. unpierced[obs3], imporous[obs3], caecal[Med]; closable;

imperforate, impervious, impermeable; impenetrable; impassable,

unpassable|2; invious|; pathless, wayless[obs3]; untrodden, untrod.

unventilated; air tight, water tight; hermetically sealed; tight, snug.

#262. Perforator.—N. perforator, piercer, borer, auger, chisel,

gimlet, stylet[obs3], drill, wimble[obs3], awl, bradawl, scoop,

terrier, corkscrew, dibble, trocar[Med], trepan, probe, bodkin, needle,

stiletto, rimer, warder, lancet; punch, puncheon; spikebit[obs3],

gouge; spear &c. (weapon) 727; puncher; punching machine, punching

press; punch pliers.

#263. Stopper.—N. stopper, stopple; plug, cork, bung, spike, spill,

#

stopcock, tap; rammer[obs3]; ram, ramrod; piston; stop-gap; wadding,

stuffing, padding, stopping, dossil[obs3], pledget[obs3],

tompion[obs3],

tourniquet.

cover &c. 223; valve, vent peg, spigot, slide valve.

janitor, doorkeeper, porter, warder, beadle, cerberus,

ostiary[obs3].

SECTION IV. MOTION

1. Motion in General

#264. [Successive change of place.] Motion.—N. motion, movement,

move; going &c. v.; unrest. stream, flow, flux, run, course, stir;

evolution; kinematics; telekinesis. step, rate, pace, tread, stride,

gait, port, footfall, cadence, carriage, velocity, angular velocity;

clip, progress, locomotion; journey &c. 266; voyage &c. 267; transit

&c. 270. restlessness &c. (changeableness) 149; mobility; movableness,

motive power; laws of motion; mobilization. V. be in motion &c. adj.;

move, go, hie, gang, budge, stir, pass, flit; hover about, hover round,

hover about; shift, slide, glide; roll, roll on; flow, stream, run,

drift, sweep along; wander &c. (deviate) 279; walk &c. 266; change

one's place, shift one's place, change one's quarters, shift one's

quarters; dodge; keep going, keep moving; put in motion, set in motion;

move; impel &c. 276; propel &c. 284; render movable, mobilize. Adj.

moving &c. v.; in motion; transitional; motory[obs3], motive; shifting,

movable, mobile, mercurial, unquiet; restless &c. (changeable) 149;

nomadic &c. 266; erratic &c. 279. Adv. under way; on the move, on the

wing, on the tramp, on the march. Phr. eppur si muove [It][Galileo]; es

bildet ein Talent sich in der Stille[Ger], sich ein Charakter in dem

Strom der Welt[Ger].

#265. Quiescence.—N. rest; stillness &c. adj.; quiescence;

stagnation, stagnancy; fixity, immobility, catalepsy;

indisturbance[obs3]; quietism. quiet, tranquility, calm; repose &c.

687; peace; dead calm, anticyclone|!; statue-like repose; silence &c.

203; not a breath of air, not a mouse stirring; sleep &c. (inactivity)

683. pause, lull &c. (cessation) 142; stand still; standing still &c.

v.; lock; dead lock, dead stop, dead stand; full stop; fix; embargo.

resting place; gite[Fr]; bivouac; home &c. (abode) 189; pillow &c.

(support) 215; haven &c. (refuge) 666; goal &c. (arrival) 292. V. be

quiescent &c. adj.; stand still, lie still; keep quiet, repose, hold

the breath. remain, stay; stand, lie to, ride at anchor, remain in

situ, tarry, mark time; bring to, heave to, lay to; pull up, draw up;

hold, halt; stop, stop short; rest, pause, anchor; cast to an anchor,

come to an anchor; rest on one's oars; repose on one's laurels, take

breath; stop &c. (discontinue) 142. stagnate; quieta non movere[Lat];

let alone; abide, rest and be thankful; keep within doors, stay at

home, go to bed. dwell &c. (be present) 186; settle &c. (be located)

184; alight &c. (arrive) 292 stick, stick fast; stand like a post; not

stir a peg, not stir a step; be at a stand &c. n. quell, becalm, hush,

stay, lull to sleep, lay an embargo on. Adj. quiescent, still;

motionless, moveless; fixed; stationary; immotile; at rest at a stand,

at a standstill, at anchor; stock, still; standing still &c. v.;

sedentary, untraveled, stay-at-home; becalmed, stagnant, quiet;

unmoved, undisturbed, unruffled; calm, restful; cataleptic; immovable

&c. (stable) 150; sleeping &c. (inactive) 683; silent &c. 403; still as

a statue, still as a post, still as a mouse, still as death;

vegetative, vegetating. Adv. at a stand &c. adj.; tout court; at the

halt. Int. stop! stay! avast! halt! hold hard! whoa! hold! sabr

karo[obs3]!. Phr. requiescat in pace[Lat]; Deus nobis haec otia fecit

[Lat][Vergil]; "the noonday quiet holds the hill" [Tennyson].

#266. [Locomotion by land.] Journey.—N. travel; traveling &c. v.

wayfaring, campaigning. journey, excursion, expedition, tour, trip,

grand tour, circuit, peregrination, discursion|, ramble, pilgrimage,

hajj, trek, course, ambulation[obs3], march, walk, promenade,

constitutional, stroll, saunter, tramp, jog trot, turn, stalk,

perambulation; noctambulation[obs3], noctambulism; somnambulism;

outing, ride, drive, airing, jaunt. equitation, horsemanship, riding,

manege[Fr], ride and tie; basophobia[obs3]. roving, vagrancy,

pererration|; marching and countermarching; nomadism; vagabondism,

vagabondage; hoboism [U.S.]; gadding; flit, flitting, migration;

emigration, immigration, demigration|, intermigration[obs3];

wanderlust. plan, itinerary, guide; handbook, guidebook, road book;

Baedeker[obs3], Bradshaw, Murray; map, road map, transportation guide,

subway map. procession, cavalcade, caravan, file, cortege, column.

[Organs and instruments of locomotion] vehicle &c. 272; automobile,

train, bus, airplane, plane, autobus, omnibus, subway, motorbike, dirt

bike, off-road vehicle, van, minivan, motor scooter, trolley,

locomotive; legs, feet, pegs, pins, trotters. traveler &c. 268. depot

[U.S.], railway station, station. V. travel, journey, course; take a

journey, go a journey; take a walk, go out for walk &c. n.; have a run;

take the air. flit, take wing; migrate, emigrate; trek; rove, prowl,

roam, range, patrol, pace up and down, traverse; scour the country,

traverse the country; peragrate|; circumambulate, perambulate;

nomadize[obs3], wander, ramble, stroll, saunter, hover, go one's

rounds, straggle; gad, gad about; expatiate. walk, march, step, tread,

pace, plod, wend, go by shank's mare; promenade; trudge, tramp; stalk,

stride, straddle, strut, foot it, hoof it, stump, bundle, bowl along,

toddle; paddle; tread a path. take horse, ride, drive, trot, amble,

canter, prance, fisk[obs3], frisk, caracoler[obs3], caracole; gallop

&c. (move quickly) 274. [start riding] embark, board, set out, hit the

road, get going, get underway. peg on, jog on, wag on, shuffle on; stir

one's stumps; bend one's steps, bend one's course; make one's way, find

one's way, wend one's way, pick one's way, pick one's way, thread one's

way, plow one's way; slide, glide, coast, skim, skate; march in

procession, file on, defile. go to, repair to, resort to, hie to,

betake oneself to. Adj. traveling &c. v.; ambulatory, itinerant,

peripatetic, roving, rambling, gadding, discursive, vagrant, migratory,

monadic; circumforanean[obs3], circumforaneous[obs3];

noctivagrant[obs3], mundivagrant; locomotive. wayfaring, wayworn;

travel-stained. Adv. on foot, on horseback, on Shanks's mare; by the

Marrowbone stage, in transitu &c. 270[Lat]; en route &c. 282. Int. come

along!

#267. [Locomotion by water, or air.] Navigation.—N. navigation;

aquatics; boating, yachting; ship &c. 273; oar, paddle, screw, sail,

canvas, aileron. natation[obs3], swimming; fin, flipper, fish's tail.

aerostation[obs3], aerostatics[obs3], aeronautics; balloonery[obs3];

balloon &c. 273; ballooning, aviation, airmanship; flying, flight,

volitation[obs3]; wing, pinion; rocketry, space travel, astronautics,

orbital mechanics, orbiting. voyage, sail, cruise, passage,

circumnavigation, periplus[obs3]; headway, sternway, leeway; fairway.

mariner &c. 269. flight, trip; shuttle, run, airlift. V. sail; put to

sea &c. (depart) 293; take ship, get under way; set sail, spread sail,

spread canvas; gather way, have way on; make sail, carry sail; plow the

waves, plow the deep, plow the main, plow the ocean; walk the waters.

navigate, warp, luff[obs3], scud, boom, kedge; drift, course, cruise,

coast; hug the shore, hug the land; circumnavigate. ply the oar, row,

paddle, pull, scull, punt, steam. swim, float; buffet the waves, ride

the storm, skim, effleurer[Fr], dive, wade. fly, be wafted, hover,

soar, flutter, jet, orbit, rocket; take wing, take a flight, take off,

ascend, blast off, land, alight; wing one's flight, wing one's way;

aviate; parachute, jump, glide. Adj. sailing &c. v.; volant[obs3],

aerostatic[obs3]; seafaring, nautical, maritime, naval; seagoing,

coasting; afloat; navigable; aerial, aeronautic; grallatory[obs3]. Adv.

under way, under sail, under canvas, under steam; on the wing, in

flight, in orbit. Phr. bon voyage; "spread the thin oar and catch the

driving gale" [Pope].

#268. Traveler.—N. traveler, wayfarer, voyager, itinerant,

passenger, commuter. tourist, excursionist, explorer, adventurer,

mountaineer, hiker, backpacker, Alpine Club; peregrinator[obs3],

wanderer, rover, straggler, rambler; bird of passage; gadabout,

gadling[obs3]; vagrant, scatterling[obs3], landloper[obs3], waifs and

estrays[obs3], wastrel, foundling; loafer; tramp, tramper; vagabond,

nomad, Bohemian, gypsy, Arab[obs3], Wandering Jew, Hadji, pilgrim,

palmer; peripatetic; somnambulist, emigrant, fugitive, refugee; beach

comber, booly[obs3]; globegirdler[obs3], globetrotter; vagrant, hobo

[U.S.], night walker, sleep walker; noctambulist, runabout,

straphanger, swagman, swagsman [obs3][Aust.]; trecker[obs3], trekker,

zingano[obs3], zingaro[obs3]. runner, courier; Mercury, Iris,

Ariel[obs3], comet. pedestrian, walker, foot passenger; cyclist;

wheelman. rider, horseman, equestrian, cavalier, jockey, roughrider,

trainer, breaker. driver, coachman, whip, Jehu, charioteer, postilion,

postboy[obs3], carter, wagoner, drayman[obs3]; cabman, cabdriver;

voiturier[obs3], vetturino[obs3], condottiere[obs3]; engine driver;

stoker, fireman, guard; chauffeur, conductor, engineer,

gharry-wallah[obs3], gari-wala[obs3], hackman, syce[obs3],

truckman[obs3]. Phr. on the road

#269. Mariner.—N. sailor, mariner, navigator; seaman, seafarer,

seafaring man; dock walloper*; tar, jack tar, salt, able seaman, A. B.;

man-of-war's man, bluejacket, galiongee[obs3], galionji[obs3], marine,

jolly, midshipman, middy; skipper; shipman[obs3], boatman, ferryman,

waterman[obs3], lighterman[obs3], bargeman, longshoreman; bargee[obs3],

gondolier; oar, oarsman; rower; boatswain, cockswain[obs3]; coxswain;

steersman, pilot; crew. aerial navigator, aeronaut, balloonist, Icarus;

aeroplanist[obs3], airman, aviator, birdman, man-bird, wizard of the

air, aviatrix, flier, pilot, test pilot, glider pilot, bush pilot,

navigator, flight attendant, steward, stewardess, crew; astronaut,

cosmonaut; parachutist, paratrooper.

#270. Transference.—N. transfer, transference; translocation,

elocation|; displacement; metastasis, metathesis; removal;

remotion[obs3], amotion[obs3]; relegation; deportation,

asportation[obs3]; extradition, conveyance, draft, carrying, carriage;

convection, conduction, contagion; transfer &c. (of property) 783.

transit, transition; passage, ferry, gestation; portage,

porterage[obs3], carting, cartage; shoveling &c. v.; vection|,

vecture|, vectitation|; shipment, freight, wafture[obs3]; transmission,

transport, transportation, importation, exportation,

transumption[obs3], transplantation, translation; shifting, dodging;

dispersion &c. 73; transposition &c. (interchange) 148; traction &c.

285. [Thing transferred] drift. V. transfer, transmit, transport,

transplace[obs3], transplant, translocate; convey, carry, bear, fetch

and carry; carry over, ferry over; hand pass, forward; shift; conduct,

convoy, bring, fetch, reach; tote [U.S.]; port, import, export. send,

delegate, consign, relegate, turn over to, deliver; ship, embark; waft;

shunt; transpose &c. (interchange) 148; displace &c. 185; throw &c.

284; drag &c. 285; mail, post. shovel, ladle, decant, draft off,

transfuse, infuse, siphon. Adj. transferred &c. v.; drifted, movable;

portable, portative[obs3]; mailable [U.S.]; contagious. Adv. from hand

to hand, from pillar to post. on the way, by the way; on the road, on

the wing, under way, in transit, on course; as one goes; in

transitu[Lat], en route, chemin faisant[Fr], en passant[Fr], in mid

progress, in mid course.

#271. Carrier.—N. carrier, porter, bearer, tranter|, conveyer;

cargador[obs3]; express, expressman; stevedore, coolie; conductor,

locomotive, motor. beast, beast of burden, cattle, horse, nag, palfrey,

Arab[obs3], blood horse, thoroughbred, galloway[obs3], charger,

courser, racer, hunter, jument[obs3], pony, filly, colt, foal, barb,

roan, jade, hack, bidet, pad, cob, tit, punch, roadster, goer[obs3];

racehorse, pack horse, draft horse, cart horse, dray horse, post horse;

ketch; Shetland pony, shelty, sheltie; garran[obs3], garron[obs3];

jennet, genet[obs3], bayard[obs3], mare, stallion, gelding; bronco,

broncho[obs3], cayuse [U.S.]; creature, critter [rural U.S.]; cow pony,

mustang, Narraganset, waler[obs3]; stud. Pegasus, Bucephalus,

Rocinante. ass, donkey, jackass, mule, hinny; sumpter horse, sumpter

mule; burro, cuddy[obs3], ladino [obs3][U.S.]; reindeer; camel,

dromedary, llama, elephant; carrier pigeon. [object used for carrying]

pallet, brace, cart, dolley; support &c. 215; fork lift. carriage &c.

(vehicle) 272; ship &c. 273. Adj. equine, asinine.

#272. Vehicle.—N. vehicle, conveyance, carriage, caravan, van;

common carrier; wagon, waggon[obs3], wain, dray, cart, lorry. truck,

tram; cariole, carriole[obs3]; limber, tumbrel, pontoon; barrow; wheel

barrow, hand barrow; perambulator; Bath chair, wheel chair, sedan

chair; chaise; palankeen[obs3], palanquin; litter, brancard[obs3],

crate, hurdle, stretcher, ambulance; black Maria; conestoga wagon,

conestoga wain; jinrikisha, ricksha, brett[obs3], dearborn

[obs3][U.S.], dump cart, hack, hackery[obs3], jigger, kittereen[obs3],

mailstate[obs3], manomotor[obs3], rig, rockaway[obs3], prairie schooner

[U.S.], shay, sloven [Can.], team, tonga[obs3], wheel; hobbyhorse,

go-cart; cycle; bicycle, bike, two-wheeler; tricycle, velocipede,

quadricycle[obs3]. equipage, turn-out; coach, chariot, phaeton, break,

mail phaeton, wagonette, drag, curricle[obs3], tilbury[obs3], whisky,

landau, barouche, victoria, brougham, clarence[obs3], calash,

caleche[French], britzka[obs3], araba[obs3], kibitka[obs3]; berlin;

sulky, desobligeant[French], sociable, vis-a-vis, dormeuse[Fr];

jaunting car, outside car; dandi[obs3]; doolie[obs3], dooly[obs3];

munchil[obs3], palki[obs3]; roller skates, skate; runabout; ski;

tonjon[obs3]; vettura[obs3]. post chaise, diligence, stage; stage

coach, mail coach, hackney coach, glass coach; stage wagon, car,

omnibus, fly, cabriolet[obs3], cab, hansom, shofle[obs3], four-wheeler,

growler, droshki[obs3], drosky[obs3]. dogcart, trap, whitechapel,

buggy, four-in-hand, unicorn, random, tandem; shandredhan[obs3],

char-a-bancs[French]. motor car, automobile, limousine, car, auto,

jalopy, clunker, lemon, flivver, coupe, sedan, two-door sedan,

four-door sedan, luxury sedan; wheels [coll.], sports car, roadster,

gran turismo[It], jeep, four-wheel drive vehicle, electric car,

steamer; golf cart, electric wagon; taxicab, cab, taxicoach[obs3],

checker cab, yellow cab; station wagon, family car; motorcycle, motor

bike, side car; van, minivan, bus, minibus, microbus; truck, wagon,

pick-up wagon, pick-up, tractor-trailer, road train, articulated

vehicle; racing car, racer, hot rod, stock car, souped-up car.. bob,

bobsled, bobsleigh[obs3]; cutter; double ripper, double runner [U.S.];

jumper, sled, sledge, sleigh, toboggan. train; accommodation train,

passenger train, express trail, special train, corridor train,

parliamentary train, luggage train, freight train, goods train; 1st

class train, 2nd class train, 3rd class train, 1st class carriage, 2nd

class carriage, 3rd class carriage, 1st class compartment, 2nd class

compartment, 3rd class compartment; rolling stock; horse box, cattle

truck; baggage car, express car, freight car, parlor car, dining car,

Pullman car, sleeping car, sleeper, dome car; surface car, tram car,

trolley car; box car, box wagon; horse car [U.S.]; bullet train,

shinkansen [Jap.], cannonball, the Wabash cannonball, lightning

express; luggage van; mail, mail car, mail van. shovel, spool, spatula,

ladle, hod, hoe; spade, spaddle[obs3], loy[obs3]; spud; pitchfork; post

hole digger. [powered construction vehicles] tractor, steamshovel,

backhoe, fork lift, earth mover, dump truck, bulldozer, grader,

caterpillar, trench digger, steamroller; pile driver; crane, wrecking

crane.

#273. Ship.—N. ship, vessel, sail; craft, bottom.

navy, marine, fleet, flotilla; shipping. man of war &c.

(combatant) 726; transport, tender, storeship[obs3]; merchant

ship, merchantman; packet, liner; whaler, slaver, collier,

coaster, lighter; fishing boat, pilot boat; trawler, hulk; yacht;

baggala[obs3]; floating hotel, floating palace; ocean greyhound.

ship, bark, barque, brig, snow, hermaphrodite brig; brigantine,

barkantine[obs3]; schooner; topsail schooner, for and aft

schooner, three masted schooner; chasse-maree[Fr]; sloop, cutter,

corvette, clipper, foist, yawl, dandy, ketch, smack, lugger,

barge, hoy[obs3], cat, buss; sailer, sailing vessel; windjammer;

steamer, steamboat, steamship, liner, ocean liner, cruisp, flap,

dab, pat, thump, beat, blow, bang, slam, dash; punch, thwack,

whack; hit hard, strike hard; swap, batter, dowse|, baste; pelt,

patter, buffet, belabor; fetch one a blow; poke at, pip, ship of

the line; destroyer, cruiser, frigate; landing ship, LST[abbr];

aircraft carrier, carrier, flattop[coll.], nuclear powered

carrier; submarine, submersible, atomic submarine. boat, pinnace,

launch; life boat, long boat, jolly boat, bum boat, fly boat, cock

boat, ferry oat, canal boat; swamp boat, ark, bully [Nfld.],

bateau battery[Can.], broadhorn[obs3], dory, droger[obs3],

drogher; dugout, durham boat, flatboat, galiot[obs3];

shallop[obs3], gig, funny, skiff, dingy, scow, cockleshell,

wherry, coble[obs3], punt, cog, kedge, lerret[obs3]; eight oar,

four oar, pair oar; randan[obs3]; outrigger; float, raft, pontoon;

prame[obs3]; iceboat, ice canoe, ice yacht. catamaran, hydroplane,

hovercraft, coracle, gondola, carvel[obs3], caravel; felucca,

caique[obs3], canoe, birch bark canoe, dugout canoe; galley,

galleyfoist[obs3]; bilander[obs3], dogger[obs3], hooker,

howker[obs3]; argosy, carack[obs3]; galliass[obs3], galleon;

polacca[obs3], polacre[obs3], tartane[obs3], junk, lorcha[obs3],

praam[obs3], proa[obs3], prahu[obs3], saick[obs3], sampan, xebec,

dhow; dahabeah[obs3]; nuggah[obs3]; kayak, keel boat [U.S.], log

canoe, pirogue; quadrireme[obs3], trireme; stern-wheeler [U.S.];

wanigan[obs3], wangan [obs3][U.S.], wharf boat. balloon; airship,

aeroplane; biplane, monoplane, triplane[obs3]; hydroplane;

aerodrome; air balloon, pilot balloon, fire balloon, dirigible,

zeppelin; aerostat, Montgolfier; kite, parachute. jet plane,

rocket plane, jet liner, turbojet, prop-jet, propeller plane;

corporate plane, corporate jet, private plane, private aviation;

airline, common carrier; fighter, bomber, fighter-bomber, escort

plane, spy plane; supersonic aircraft, subsonic aircraft. Adv.

afloat, aboard; on board, on ship board; hard a lee, hard a port,

hard a starboard, hard a weather.

2. Degrees of Motion

#274. Velocity.—N. velocity, speed, celerity; swiftness &c. adj.;

rapidity, eagle speed; expedition &c. (activity) 682; pernicity|;

acceleration; haste &c. 684. spurt, rush, dash, race, steeple chase;

smart rate, lively rate, swift rate &c. adj.; rattling rate, spanking

rate, strapping rate, smart pace, lively pace, swift pace, rattling

pace, spanking pace, strapping pace; round pace; flying, flight.

lightning, greased lightning, light, electricity, wind; cannon ball,

rocket, arrow, dart, hydrargyrum[Lat], quicksilver; telegraph, express

train; torrent. eagle, antelope, courser, race horse, gazelle,

greyhound, hare, doe, squirrel, camel bird, chickaree[obs3], chipmunk,

hackee [obs3][U.S.], ostrich, scorcher*. Mercury, Ariel[obs3],

Camilla[obs3], Harlequin. [Measurement of velocity] log, log line;

speedometer, odometer, tachometer, strobe, radar speed detector, radar

trap, air speed gauge, wind sock, wind speed meter; pedometer. V. move

quickly, trip, fisk|; speed, hie, hasten, post, spank, scuttle; scud,

scuddle[obs3]; scour, scour the plain; scamper; run like mad, beat it;

fly, race, run a race, cut away, shot, tear, whisk, zoom, swoosh,

sweep, skim, brush; cut along, bowl along, barrel along, barrel;

scorch, burn up the track; rush &c. (be violent) 173; dash on, dash

off, dash forward; bolt; trot, gallop, amble, troll, bound, flit,

spring, dart, boom; march in quick time, march in double time; ride

hard, get over the ground. hurry &c. (hasten) 684; accelerate, put on;

quicken; quicken one's pace, mend one's pace; clap spurs to one's

horse; make haste, make rapid strides, make forced marches, make the

best of one's way; put one's best leg foremost, stir one's stumps, wing

one's way, set off at a score; carry sail, crowd sail; go off like a

shot, go like a shot, go ahead, gain ground; outstrip the wind, fly on

the wings of the wind. keep up with, keep pace with; outstrip &c. 303;

outmarch[obs3]. Adj. fast, speedy, swift, rapid, quick, fleet;

aliped[obs3]; nimble, agile, expeditious; express; active &c. 682;

flying, galloping &c. v.; light footed, nimble footed; winged, eagle

winged, mercurial, electric, telegraphic; light-legged, light of heel;

swift as an arrow &c. n.; quick as lightning &c. n., quick as a

thought. Adv. swiftly &c. adj.; with speed &c. n.; apace; at a great

rate, at full speed, at railway speed; full drive, full gallop;

posthaste, in full sail, tantivy[obs3]; trippingly; instantaneously &c.

113. under press of sail, under press of canvas, under press of sail

and steam; velis et remis[Lat], on eagle's wing, in double quick time;

with rapid strides, with giant strides; a pas de geant[Fr]; in seven

league boots; whip and spur; ventre a terre[Fr]; as fast as one's legs

will carry one, as fast as one's heels will carry one; as fast as one

can lay legs to the ground, at the top of one's speed; by leaps and

bounds; with haste &c. 684. Phr. vires acquirit eundo[Lat]; "I'll put a

girdle about the earth in forty minutes" [M.N.D.]; "swifter than arrow

from the Tartar's bow" [M.N.D.]; go like a bat out of hell; tempus

fugit[Lat].

#275. Slowness.—N. slowness &c. adj.; languor &c. (inactivity) 683;

drawl; creeping &c. v., lentor[obs3]. retardation; slackening &c. v.;

delay &c. (lateness) 133; claudication|. jog trot, dog trot; mincing

steps; slow march, slow time. slow goer[obs3], slow coach, slow back;

lingerer, loiterer, sluggard, tortoise, snail; poke* [U.S.]; dawdle &c.

(inactive) 683. V. move slowly &c. adv.; creep, crawl, lag, slug,

drawl, linger, loiter, saunter; plod, trudge, stump along, lumber;

trail, drag; dawdle &c. (be inactive) 683; grovel, worm one's way,

steal along; job on, rub on, bundle on; toddle, waddle, wabble[obs3],

slug, traipse, slouch, shuffle, halt, hobble, limp, caludicate|,

shamble; flag, falter, trotter, stagger; mince, step short; march in

slow time, march in funeral procession; take one's time; hang fire &c.

(be late) 133. retard, relax; slacken, check, moderate, rein in, curb;

reef; strike sail, shorten sail, take in sail; put on the drag, apply

the brake; clip the wings; reduce the speed; slacken speed, slacken

one's pace; lose ground. Adj. slow, slack; tardy; dilatory &c.

(inactive) 683; gentle, easy; leisurely; deliberate, gradual;

insensible, imperceptible; glacial, languid, sluggish, slow paced,

tardigrade|!, snail-like; creeping &c. v.; reptatorial[obs3]. Adv.

slowly &c. adj.; leisurely; piano, adagio; largo, larghetto; at half

speed, under easy sail; at a foots pace, at a snail's pace, at a

funeral pace; in slow time, with mincing steps, with clipped wings;

haud passibus aequis [Lat][Vergil]. gradually &c. adj.; gradatim[Lat];

by degrees, by slow degrees, by inches, by little and little; step by

step, one step at a time; inch by inch, bit by bit, little by little,

seriatim; consecutively. Phr. dum Roma deliberat Saguntum perit[Lat];

at a glacial pace.

3. Motion conjoined with Force

#276. Impulse.—N. impulse, impulsion, impetus; momentum; push,

pulsion[obs3], thrust, shove, jog, jolt, brunt, booming, boost [U.S.],

throw; explosion &c. (violence) 173; propulsion &c. 284. percussion,

concussion, collision, occursion|, clash, encounter, cannon,

carambole[obs3], appulse[obs3], shock, crash, bump; impact; elan;

charge &c. (attack) 716; beating &c. (punishment) 972. blow, dint,

stroke, knock, tap, rap, slap, smack, pat, dab; fillip; slam, bang;

hit, whack, thwack; cuff &c. 972; squash, dowse, swap, whap[obs3],

punch, thump, pelt, kick, punce|, calcitration[obs3]; ruade[obs3];

arietation|; cut, thrust, lunge, yerk|; carom, carrom[obs3], clip *,

jab, plug*, sidewinder* [U.S.], sidewipe[obs3], sideswipe [U.S.].

hammer, sledge hammer, mall, maul, mallet, flail; ram, rammer[obs3];

battering ram, monkey, pile-driving engine, punch, bat; cant hook;

cudgel &c. (weapon) 727; ax &c. (sharp) 253. [Science of mechanical

forces] dynamics; seismometer, accelerometer, earthquake detector. V.

give an impetus &c. n.; impel, push; start, give a start to, set going;

drive, urge, boom; thrust, prod, foin[Fr]; cant; elbow, shoulder,

jostle, justle[obs3], hustle, hurtle, shove, jog, jolt, encounter; run

against, bump against, butt against; knock one's head against, run

one's head against; impinge; boost [U.S.]; bunt, carom, clip y; fan,

fan out; jab, plug *. strike, knock, hit, tap, rap, slap, flap, dab,

pat, thump, beat, blow, bang, slam, dash; punch, thwack, whack; hit

hard, strike hard; swap, batter, dowse|, baste; pelt, patter, buffet,

belabor; fetch one a blow; poke at, pink, lunge, yerk[obs3]; kick,

calcitrate[obs3]; butt, strike at &c. (attack) 716; whip *c. (punish)

972. come into a collision, enter into collision; collide; sideswipe;

foul; fall foul of, run foul of; telescope. throw &c. (propel) 284.

Adj. impelling &c. v.; impulsive, impellent[obs3]; booming; dynamic,

dynamical; impelled &c. v. Phr. "a hit, a very palpable hit" [Hamlet].

#277. Recoil.—N. recoil; reaction, retroaction; revulsion; bounce,

#

rebound, ricochet; repercussion, recalcitration[obs3]; kick,

contrecoup[Fr]; springing back &c. v.; elasticity &c. 325; reflection,

reflexion[Brit], reflex, reflux; reverberation &c. (resonance) 408;

rebuff,

repulse; return.

ducks and drakes; boomerang; spring, reactionist[obs3].

elastic collision, coefficient of restitution.

V. recoil, react; spring back, fly back, bounce back, bound back;

rebound, reverberate, repercuss[obs3], recalcitrate[obs3]; echo,

ricochet.

Adj. recoiling &c. v.; refluent[obs3], repercussive, recalcitrant,

reactionary; retroactive.

Adv. on the rebound, on the recoil &c. n.

Phr. for every action there is a reaction equal in force and

opposite

in direction [Newton].

4. Motion with reference to Direction

#278. Direction.—N. direction, bearing, course, vector; set, drift,

tenor; tendency &c. 176; incidence; bending, trending &c. v.; dip,

tack, aim, collimation; steering steerage. point of the compass,

cardinal points; North East, South, West; N by E, ENE, NE by N, NE, &c;

rhumb[obs3], azimuth, line of collimation. line, path, road, range,

quarter, line of march; alignment, allignment[obs3]; air line, beeline;

straight shoot. V. tend towards, bend towards, point towards; conduct

to, go to; point to, point at; bend, trend, verge, incline, dip,

determine. steer for, steer towards, make for, make towards; aim at,

level at; take aim; keep a course, hold a course; be bound for; bend

one's steps towards; direct one's course, steer one's course, bend

one's course, shape one's course; align one's march, allign one's

march[obs3]; to straight, go straight to the point; march on, march on

a point. ascertain one's direction &c. n.; s'orienter[French], see

which way the wind blows; box the compass; take the air line. Adj.

directed &c. v. directed towards; pointing towards &c. v.; bound for;

aligned, with alligned with[obs3]; direct, straight; undeviating,

unswerving; straightforward; North, Northern, Northerly, &c. n. Adv.

towards; on the road, on the high road to; en avant; versus, to;

hither, thither, whither; directly; straight as an arrow, forwards as

an arrow; point blank; in a bee line to, in a direct line to, as the

crow flies, in a straight line to, in a bee line for, in a direct line

for, in a straight line for, in a bee line with, in a direct line with,

in a straight line with; in a line with; full tilt at, as the crow

flies. before the wind, near the wind, close to the wind, against the

wind; windwards, in the wind's eye. through, via, by way of; in all

directions, in all manner of ways; quaquaversum[Lat], from the four

winds. Phr. the shortest distance between two points is a straight

line.

#279. Deviation.—N. deviation; swerving &c. v.; obliquation|, warp,

refraction; flection[obs3], flexion; sweep; deflection,

deflexure[obs3]; declination. diversion, digression, depart from,

aberration; divergence &c. 291; zigzag; detour &c. (circuit) 629;

divagation. [Desultory motion] wandering &c. v.; vagrancy,

evagation[obs3]; bypaths and crooked ways; byroad. [Motion sideways,

oblique motion] sidling &c. v.; knight's move at chess. V. alter one's

course, deviate, depart from, turn, trend; bend, curve &c. 245; swerve,

heel, bear off; gybe[obs3], wear. intervert[obs3]; deflect; divert,

divert from its course; put on a new scent, shift, shunt, draw aside,

crook, warp. stray, straggle; sidle; diverge &c. 291; tralineate|;

digress, wander; wind, twist, meander; veer, tack; divagate; sidetrack;

turn aside, turn a corner, turn away from; wheel, steer clear of;

ramble, rove, drift; go astray, go adrift; yaw, dodge; step aside, ease

off, make way for, shy. fly off at a tangent; glance off; wheel about,

face about; turn to the right about, face to the right about; waddle

&c. (oscillate) 314; go out of one's way &c. (perform a circuit) 629;

lose one's way. Adj. deviating &c. v.; aberrant, errant; excursive,

discursive; devious, desultory, loose; rambling; stray, erratic,

vagrant, undirected, circuitous, indirect, zigzag; crab-like. Adv.

astray from, round about, wide of the mark; to the right about; all

manner of ways; circuitously &c. 629. obliquely, sideling, like the

move of the knight on a chessboard.

#280. [Going before.] Precession.—N. precession, leading, heading;

precedence &c. 62; priority &c. 116; the lead, le pas; van &c. (front)

234; precursor &c. 64. V. go before, go ahead, go in the van, go in

advance; precede, forerun; usher in, introduce, herald, head, take the

lead; lead the way, lead the dance; get the start, have the start;

steal a march; get before, get ahead, get in front of; outstrip &c.

303; take precedence &c. (first in order) 62. Adj. leading, precedent

&c. v. Adv. in advance, before, ahead, in the van, in the lead;

foremost, headmost[obs3]; in front; at the head, out in front; way out

in front, far ahead. Phr. seniores priores[Lat], ahead of his time.

#281. [Going after.] Sequence.—N. sequence; coming after &c.

(order) 63; (time) 117; following pursuit &c. 622. follower, attendant,

satellite, shadow, dangler, train. V. follow; pursue &c. 622; go after,

fly after. attend, beset, dance attendance on, dog; tread in the steps

of, tread close upon; be in the wake of, be in the trail of, be in the

rear of, go in the wake of, go in the trail of, go in the rear of,

follow in the wake of, follow in the trail of, follow in the rear of;

follow as a shadow, hang on the skirts of; tread on the heels of,

follow on the heels of; camp on the trail. Adj. subsequent, next,

succeeding; following &c. v.. Adv. behind; in the rear &c. 235, in the

train of, in the wake of; after &c. (order) 63, (time) 117.

#282. [Motion forward; progressive motion.] Progression.—N.

progress, progression, progressiveness; advancing &c. v.; advance,

advancement; ongoing; flood, tide, headway; march &c. 266; rise;

improvement &c. 658. V. advance; proceed, progress; get on, get along,

get over the ground; gain ground; forge ahead; jog on, rub on, wag on;

go with the stream; keep one's course, hold on one's course; go on,

move on, come one, get on, pass on, push on, press on, go forward, move

forward, come forward, get forward, pass forward, push forward, press

forward, go forwards, move forwards, come forwards, get forwards, pass

forwards, push forwards, press forwards, go ahead, move ahead, come

ahead, get ahead, pass ahead, push ahead, press ahead; make one's way,

work one's way, carve one's way, push one's way, force one's way, edge

one's way, elbow one's way; make progress, make head, make way, make

headway, make advances, make strides, make rapid strides &c. (velocity)

274; go ahead, shoot ahead; distance; make up leeway. Adj. advancing

&c. v.; progressive, profluent[obs3]; advanced. Adv. forward, onward;

forth, on, ahead, under way, en route for, on one's way, on the way, on

the road, on the high road, on the road to; in progress; in mid

progress; in transitu &c. 270[Lat]. Phr. vestigia nulla retrorsum[Lat];

"westward the course of empire takes its way" [Berkeley].

#283. [Motion backwards.] Regression.—N. regress, regression;

retrocession[obs3], retrogression, retrograduation[obs3], retroaction;

reculade[obs3]; retreat, withdrawal, retirement, remigration[obs3];

recession &c. (motion from) 287; recess; crab-like motion.

refluence[obs3], reflux; backwater, regurgitation, ebb, return;

resilience reflection, reflexion (recoil) 277[Brit]; flip-flop, volte-

face[Fr]. counter motion, retrograde motion, backward movement, motion

in reverse, counter movement, counter march; veering, tergiversation,

recidivation|, backsliding, fall; deterioration &c. 659; recidivism,

recidivity[obs3]. reversal, relapse, turning point &c.(reversion) 145.

V. recede, regrade, return, revert, retreat, retire; retrograde,

retrocede; back out; back down; balk; crawfish* [U.S.], crawl*;

withdraw; rebound &c. 277; go back, come back, turn back, hark back,

draw back, fall back, get back, put back, run back; lose ground; fall

astern, drop astern; backwater, put about; backtrack, take the back

track; veer round; double, wheel, countermarch; ebb, regurgitate; jib,

shrink, shy. turn tail, turn round, turn upon one's heel, turn one's

back upon; retrace one's steps, dance the back step; sound a retreat,

beat a retreat; go home. Adj. receding &c. v.; retrograde,

retrogressive; regressive, refluent[obs3], reflex, recidivous,

resilient; crab-like; balky; reactionary &c. 277. Adv. back, backwards;

reflexively, to the right about; a reculons[Fr], a rebours[Fr]. Phr.

revenons a nos moutons[Fr], as you were.

#284. [Motion given to an object situated in front.] Propulsion.—N.

#

propulsion, projection; propelment[obs3]; vis a tergo[Lat: force from

behind]; push, shove &c. (impulse) 276; ejaculate; ejection &c. 297;

throw,

fling, toss, shot, discharge, shy; launch, release.

[Science of propulsion] projectiles, ballistics, archery.

[devices to give propulsion] propeller, screw, twin screws,

turbine,

jet engine.

[objects propelled] missile, projectile, ball, discus, quoit,

brickbat, shot;

[weapons which propel] arrow, gun, ballista &c. (arms) 727[obs3].

[preparation for propulsion] countdown, windup.

shooter; shot; archer, toxophilite[obs3]; bowman, rifleman,

marksman;

good shot, crack shot; sharpshooter &c. (combatant) 726.

V. propel, project, throw, fling, cast, pitch, chuck, toss, jerk,

heave, shy, hurl; flirt, fillip.

dart, lance, tilt; ejaculate, jaculate[obs3]; fulminate, bolt,

drive,

sling, pitchfork.

send; send off, let off, fire off; discharge, shoot; launch,

release,

send forth, let fly; put in orbit, send into orbit, launch into orbit

dash.

put in motion, set in motion; set agoing[obs3], start; give a

start,

give an impulse to; impel &c. 276; trundle &c. (set in rotation) 312;

expel

&c. 297.

carry one off one's legs; put to flight.

Adj. propelled &c. v.; propelling &c. v..; propulsive, projectile.

#285. [Motion given to an object situated behind.] Traction.—N.

#

traction; drawing &c. v.; draught, pull, haul; rake; "a long pull a

strong

pull and a pull all together"; towage[obs3], haulage.

V. draw, pull, haul, lug, rake, drag, tug, tow, trail, train; take

in

tow.

wrench, jerk, twitch, touse|; yank [U.S.].

Adj. drawing &c. v.; tractile[obs3], tractive.

#286. [Motion towards.] Approach.—N. approach, approximation,

appropinquation[obs3]; access; appulse[obs3]; afflux[obs3],

affluxion[obs3]; advent &c. (approach of time) 121; pursuit &c. 622. V.

approach, approximate, appropinquate[obs3]; near; get near, go near,

draw near; come to close quarters, come near; move towards, set in

towards; drift; make up to; gain upon; pursue &c. 622; tread on the

heels of; bear up; make the land; hug the shore, hug the land. Adj.

approaching &c. v.; approximative[obs3]; affluent; impending, imminent

&c. (destined) 152. Adv. on the road. Int. come hither! approach! here!

come! come near! forward!

#287. [Motion from.] Recession.—N. recession, retirement,

#

withdrawal; retreat; retrocession &c. 283[obs3]; departure, &c. 293;

recoil

&c. 277; flight &c. (avoidance) 623.

V. recede, go, move back, move from, retire; withdraw, shrink,

back

off; come away, move away, back away, go away, get away, drift away;

depart

&c. 293; retreat &c. 283; move off, stand off, sheer off; fall back,

stand

aside; run away &c. (avoid) 623.

remove, shunt, distance.

Adj. receding &c. v.

Phr. distance oneself from a person.

#288. [Motion towards, actively; force causing to draw closer.]

#

Attraction.—N. attraction, attractiveness; attractivity[obs3]; drawing

to, pulling towards, adduction[obs3].

electrical attraction, electricity, static electricity, static,

static

cling; magnetism, magnetic attraction; gravity, attraction of

gravitation.

[objects which attract by physical force] lodestone, loadstone,

lodestar, loadstar[obs3]; magnet, permanent magnet, siderite,

magnetite;

electromagnet; magnetic coil, voice coil; magnetic dipole; motor coil,

rotor, stator.

electrical charge; positive charge, negative charge.

magnetic pole; north pole, south pole; magnetic monopole.

V. attract, draw; draw towards, pull towards, drag towards;

adduce.

Adj. attracting &c. v.; attrahent[obs3], attractive,

adducent[obs3],

adductive[obs3].

centrifugal.

Phr. ubi mel ibi apes [Latin][Plautus].

#289. [Motion from, actively; force driving apart.] Repulsion.—N.

#

repulsion; driving from &c. v.; repulse, abduction.

magnetic repulsion, magnetic levitation; antigravity.

V. repel, push from, drive apart, drive from &c. 276; chase,

dispel;

retrude[obs3]; abduce[obs3], abduct; send away; repulse.

keep at arm's length, turn one's back upon, give the cold

shoulder;

send off, send away with a flea in one's ear.

Adj. repelling &c. v.; repellent, repulsive; abducent[obs3],

abductive[obs3].

centripetal

Phr. like charges repel; opposite charges attract; like poles

repel,

opposite poles attract.

#290. [Motion nearer to.] Convergence.—N. convergence, confluence,

#

concourse, conflux[obs3], congress, concurrence, concentration;

convergency; appulse[obs3], meeting; corradiation[obs3].

assemblage &c. 72; resort &c. (focus) 74; asymptote.

V. converge, concur, come together, unite, meet, fall in with;

close

with, close in upon; center round, center in; enter in; pour in.

gather together, unite, concentrate, bring into a focus.

Adj. converging &c. v.; convergent, confluent, concurrent;

centripetal; asymptotical, asymptotic; confluxible[obs3].

#291. [Motion further off.] Divergence.—N. divergence,

divergency[obs3]; divarication, ramification, forking; radiation;

separation &c. (disjunction) 44; dispersion &c. 73; deviation &c. 279;

aberration. V. diverge, divaricate, radiate; ramify; branch off, glance

off, file off; fly off, fly off at a tangent; spread, scatter, disperse

&c. 73; deviate &c. 279; part &c. (separate) 44. Adj. diverging &c. v.;

divergent, radiant, centrifugal; aberrant.

#292. [Terminal motion at.] Arrival.—N. arrival, advent; landing;

#

debarkation, disembarkation; reception, welcome, vin d'honneur[Fr].

home, goal, goalpost; landing place, landing stage; bunder[obs3];

resting place; destination, harbor, haven, port, airport, spaceport;

terminus, halting place, halting ground, landing strip, runway,

terminal;

journey's end; anchorage &c. (refuge) 666.

return, remigration[obs3]; meeting; rencounter[obs3], encounter.

completion &c. 729.

recursion[Math, Comp].

V. arrive; get to, come to; come; reach, attain; come up with,

come up

to; overtake, make, fetch; complete &c. 729; join, rejoin.

light, alight, dismount; land, go ashore; debark, disembark; put

in,

put into; visit, cast anchor, pitch one's tent; sit down &c. (be

located)

184; get to one's journey's end; make the land; be in at the death;

come

back, get back, come home, get home; return; come in &c. (ingress) 294;

make one's appearance &c. (appear) 446; drop in; detrain, deplane;

outspan;

de-orbit.

come to hand; come at, come across; hit; come upon, light upon,

pop

upon, bounce upon, plump upon, burst upon, pitch upon; meet; encounter,

rencounter[obs3]; come in contact.

Adj. arriving &c. v.; homeward bound.

Adv. here, hither.

Int. welcome! hail! all Hail! good-day, good morrow!

Phr. any port in a storm.

#293. [Initial motion from.] Departure.—N. departure,

decession[obs3], decampment; embarkation; outset, start; removal; exit

&c. (egress) 295; exodus, hejira, flight. leave taking, valediction,

adieu, farewell, goodbye, auf wiedersehen[Ger], sayonara,

dosvidanya[Russ], ciao, aloha, hasta la vista[Sp]; stirrup cup;

valedictorian. starting point, starting post; point of departure, point

of embarkation, place of departure, place of embarkation; port of

embarkation; airport, take-off point, taxiing runway, runway, launching

pad, spaceport. V. depart; go away; take one's departure, set out; set

off, march off, put off, start off, be off, move off, get off, whip

off, pack off, go off, take oneself off; start, issue, march out,

debouch; go forth, sally forth; sally, set forward; be gone; hail from.

leave a place, quit, vacate, evacuate, abandon; go off the stage, make

one's exit; retire, withdraw, remove; vamoose*, vamose* [obs3][U.S.];

go one's way, go along, go from home; take flight, take wing; spring,

fly, flit, wing one's flight; fly away, whip away; embark; go on board,

go aboard; set sail' put to sea, go to sea; sail, take ship; hoist blue

Peter; get under way, weigh anchor; strike tents, decamp; walk one's

chalks, cut one's stick; take leave; say good bye, bid goodbye &c. n.;

disappear &c. 449; abscond &c. (avoid) 623; entrain; inspan[obs3]. Adj.

departing &c. v.; valedictory; outward bound. Adv. whence, hence,

thence; with a foot in the stirrup; on the wing, on the move. Int.

begone! &c. (ejection) 297; farewell! adieu! goodbye! good day! au

revoir[Fr]! fare you well! God bless you! God speed! all aboard! auf

wiedersehen[Ger]! au plaisir de vous revoir[Fr]! bon voyage! gluckliche

Reise[Ger]! vive valeque[Fr]!

#294. [Motion into.] Ingress.—N. ingress; entrance, entry;

introgression; influx, intrusion, inroad, incursion, invasion,

irruption; ingression; penetration, interpenetration; illapse[obs3],

import, infiltration; immigration; admission &c. (reception) 296;

insinuation &c. (interjacence) 228[obs3]; insertion &c. 300. inlet; way

in; mouth, door, &c. (opening) 260; barway[obs3]; path &c. (way) 627;

conduit &c. 350; immigrant. V. have the entree; enter; go into, go in,

come into, come in, pour into, pour in, flow into, flow in, creep into,

creep in, slip into, slip in, pop into, pop in, break into, break in,

burst into, burst in; set foot on; ingress; burst in upon, break in

upon; invade, intrude; insinuate itself; interpenetrate, penetrate;

infiltrate; find one's way into, wriggle into, worm oneself into. give

entrance to &c. (receive) 296; insert &c. 300. Adj. incoming.

#295. [Motion out of.] Egress.—N. egress, exit, issue; emersion,

emergence; outbreak, outburst; eruption, proruption[obs3]; emanation;

egression; evacuation; exudation, transudation; extravasation[Med],

perspiration, sweating, leakage, percolation, distillation, oozing;

gush &c. (water in motion) 348; outpour, outpouring; effluence,

effusion; effluxion[obs3], drain; dribbling &c. v.; defluxion[obs3];

drainage; outcome, output; discharge &c. (excretion) 299. export,

expatriation; emigration, remigration[obs3]; debouch, debouche;

emunctory[obs3]; exodus &c. (departure) 293; emigrant. outlet, vent,

spout, tap, sluice, floodgate; pore; vomitory, outgate[obs3], sally

port; way out; mouth, door &c. (opening) 260; path &c. (way) 627;

conduit &c. 350; airpipe &c. 351[obs3]. V. emerge, emanate, issue;

egress; go out of, come out of, move out of, pass out of, pour out of,

flow out of; pass out of, evacuate. exude, transude; leak, run through,

out through; percolate, transcolate|; egurgitate[obs3]; strain,

distill; perspire, sweat, drain, ooze; filter, filtrate; dribble, gush,

spout, flow out; well, well out; pour, trickle, &c. (water in motion)

348; effuse, extravasate[Med], disembogue[obs3], discharge itself,

debouch; come forth, break forth; burst out, burst through; find vent;

escape &c. 671. Adj. effused &c. v.; outgoing.

#296. [Motion into, actively.] Reception.—N. reception; admission,

admittance, entree, importation; introduction, intromission;

immission[obs3], ingestion, imbibation[obs3], introception[obs3],

absorption, ingurgitation[obs3], inhalation; suction, sucking; eating,

drinking &c. (food) 298; insertion &c. 300; interjection &c. 228;

introit. V. give entrance to, give admittance to, give the entree;

introduce, intromit; usher, admit, receive, import, bring in, open the

door to, throw in, ingest, absorb, imbibe, inhale, breathe in; let in,

take in, suck in, draw in; readmit, resorb, reabsorb; snuff up,

swallow, ingurgitate[obs3]; engulf, engorge; gulp; eat, drink &c.

(food) 298. Adj. admitting &c. v., admitted &c. v.; admissable;

absorbent.

#297. [Motion out of, actively] Ejection.—N. ejection, emission,

effusion, rejection, expulsion, exportation, eviction, extrusion,

trajection[obs3]; discharge. emesis, vomiting, vomition[obs3].

egestion[obs3], evacuation; ructation[obs3], eructation; bloodletting,

venesection[Med], phlebotomy, paracentesis[obs3]; expuition,

exspuition; tapping, drainage; clearance, clearage[obs3]. deportation;

banishment &c. (punishment ) 972; rouge's march; relegation,

extradition; dislodgment. bouncer [U.S.], chucker-out*[obs3]. [material

vomited] vomit, vomitus[Med], puke, barf[coll]. V. give exit, give vent

to; let out, give out, pour out, squeeze out, send out; dispatch,

despatch; exhale, excern|, excrete; embogue[obs3]; secrete,

secern[obs3]; extravasate[Med], shed, void, evacuation; emit; open the

sluices, open the floodgates; turn on the tap; extrude, detrude[obs3];

effuse, spend, expend; pour forth; squirt, spirt[obs3], spurt, spill,

slop; perspire &c. (exude) 295; breathe, blow &c. (wind) 349. tap, draw

off; bale out, lade out; let blood, broach. eject, reject; expel,

discard; cut, send to coventry, boycott; chasser[Fr]; banish &c.

(punish) 972; bounce * [U.S.]; fire *, fire out *; throw &c. 284 throw

out, throw up, throw off, throw away, throw aside; push &c. 276 throw

out, throw off, throw away, throw aside; shovel out, shovel away, sweep

out, sweep away; brush off, brush away, whisk off, whisk away, turn

off, turn away, send off, send away; discharge; send adrift, turn

adrift, cast adrift; turn out, bundle out; throw overboard; give the

sack to; send packing, send about one's business, send to the right

about; strike off the roll &c. (abrogate) 756; turn out neck and heels,

turn out head and shoulders, turn out neck and crop; pack off; send

away with a flea in the ear; send to Jericho; bow out, show the door

to. turn out of doors, turn out of house and home; evict, oust;

unhouse, unkennel; dislodge; unpeople[obs3], dispeople[obs3];

depopulate; relegate, deport. empty; drain to the dregs; sweep off;

clear off, clear out, clear away; suck, draw off; clean out, make a

clean sweep of, clear decks, purge. embowel[obs3], disbowel[obs3],

disembowel; eviscerate, gut; unearth, root out, root up; averuncate|;

weed out, get out; eliminate, get rid of, do away with, shake off;

exenterate[obs3]. vomit, throw up, regurgitate, spew, puke, keck[obs3],

retch, heave, upchuck, chuck up, barf; belch out; cast up, bring up, be

sick, get sick, worship the porcelain god. disgorge; expectorate, clear

the throat, hawk, spit, sputter, splutter, slobber, drivel, slaver,

slabber[obs3]; eructate; drool. unpack, unlade, unload, unship,

offload; break bulk; dump. be let out. spew forth, erupt, ooze &c.

(emerge) 295. Adj. emitting, emitted, &c. v. Int. begone! get you gone!

get away, go away, get along, go along, get along with you, go along

with you! go your way! away with! off with you! get the hell out of

here![vulg.], go about your business! be off! avaunt[obs3]!

aroynt[obs3]! allez-vous-en[Fr]! jao[obs3]! va-t'en[Fr]!

#298. [Eating.] Food.—N. eating &c. v.; deglutition, gulp,

epulation[obs3], mastication, manducation[obs3], rumination; gluttony

&c. 957. [eating specific foods] hippophagy[obs3], ichthyophagy[obs3].

[CAUSED BY: appetite &c. 865]. mouth, jaws, mandible, mazard[obs3],

chops. drinking &c. v.; potation, draught, libation; carousal &c.

(amusement) 840; drunkenness &c. 959. food, pabulum; aliment,

nourishment, nutriment; sustenance, sustentation, sustention; nurture,

subsistence, provender, corn, feed, fodder, provision, ration, keep,

commons, board; commissariat &c. (provision) 637; prey, forage,

pasture, pasturage; fare, cheer; diet, dietary; regimen; belly timber,

staff of life; bread, bread and cheese. comestibles, eatables,

victuals, edibles, ingesta; grub, grubstake, prog[obs3], meat; bread,

bread stuffs; cerealia[obs3]; cereals; viands, cates[obs3], delicacy,

dainty, creature comforts, contents of the larder, fleshpots; festal

board; ambrosia; good cheer, good living. beef, bisquit[obs3], bun;

cornstarch [U.S.]; cookie, cooky [U.S.]; cracker, doughnut;

fatling[obs3]; hardtack, hoecake [U.S.], hominy [U.S.]; mutton, pilot

bread; pork; roti[obs3], rusk, ship biscuit; veal; joint, piece de

resistance[Fr], roast and boiled; remove, entremet[obs3]; releve[Fr],

hash, rechauffe[Fr], stew, ragout, fricassee, mince; pottage,

potage[obs3], broth, soup, consomme, puree, spoonmeat[obs3]; pie,

pasty, volauvent[obs3]; pudding, omelet; pastry; sweets &c. 296;

kickshaws[obs3]; condiment &c. 393. appetizer, hors d'oeuvre[Fr]. main

course, entree. alligator pear, apple &c., apple slump; artichoke;

ashcake[obs3], griddlecake, pancake, flapjack; atole[obs3], avocado,

banana, beche de mer[Fr], barbecue, beefsteak; beet root; blackberry,

blancmange, bloater, bouilli[obs3], bouillon, breadfruit, chop suey

[U.S.]; chowder, chupatty[obs3], clam, compote, damper, fish,

frumenty[obs3], grapes, hasty pudding, ice cream, lettuce, mango,

mangosteen, mince pie, oatmeal, oyster, pineapple, porridge,

porterhouse steak, salmis[obs3], sauerkraut, sea slug, sturgeon

("Albany beef"), succotash [U.S.], supawn [obs3][U.S.], trepang[obs3],

vanilla, waffle, walnut. table, cuisine, bill of fare, menu, table

d'hote[Fr], ordinary, entree. meal, repast, feed, spread; mess; dish,

plate, course; regale; regalement[obs3], refreshment, entertainment;

refection, collation, picnic, feast, banquet, junket; breakfast; lunch,

luncheon; dejeuner[Fr], bever[obs3], tiffin[obs3], dinner, supper,

snack, junk food, fast food, whet, bait, dessert; potluck, table

d'hote[Fr], dejeuner a la fourchette[Fr]; hearty meal, square meal,

substantial meal, full meal; blowout*; light refreshment; bara[obs3],

chotahazri[obs3]; bara khana[obs3]. mouthful, bolus, gobbet[obs3],

morsel, sop, sippet[obs3]. drink, beverage, liquor, broth, soup;

potion, dram, draught, drench, swill*; nip, sip, sup, gulp. wine,

spirits, liqueur, beer, ale, malt liquor, Sir John Barleycorn,

stingo[obs3], heavy wet; grog, toddy, flip, purl, punch, negus[obs3],

cup, bishop, wassail; gin &c. (intoxicating liquor) 959; coffee,

chocolate, cocoa, tea, the cup that cheers but not inebriates; bock

beer, lager beer, Pilsener beer, schenck beer[obs3]; Brazil tea, cider,

claret, ice water, mate, mint julep [U.S.]; near beer, 3.2 beer,

non-alcoholic beverage. eating house &c. 189. [person who eats] diner;

hippophage; glutton &c. 957. V. eat, feed, fare, devour, swallow, take;

gulp, bolt, snap; fall to; despatch, dispatch; discuss; take down, get

down, gulp down; lay in, tuck in*; lick, pick, peck; gormandize &c.

957; bite, champ, munch, cranch[obs3], craunch[obs3], crunch, chew,

masticate, nibble, gnaw, mumble. live on; feed upon, batten upon,

fatten upon, feast upon; browse, graze, crop, regale; carouse &c. (make

merry) 840; eat heartily, do justice to, play a good knife and fork,

banquet. break bread, break one's fast; breakfast, lunch, dine, take

tea, sup. drink in, drink up, drink one's fill; quaff, sip, sup; suck,

suck up; lap; swig; swill*, chugalug[slang], tipple &c. (be drunken)

959; empty one's glass, drain the cup; toss off, toss one's glass;

wash down, crack a bottle, wet one's whistle. purvey &c. 637. Adj.

eatable, edible, esculent[obs3], comestible, alimentary; cereal,

cibarious[obs3]; dietetic; culinary; nutritive, nutritious; gastric;

succulent; potable, potulent|; bibulous. omnivorous, carnivorous,

herbivorous, granivorous[obs3], graminivorous, phytivorous[obs3];

ichthyivorous[obs3]; omophagic[obs3], omophagous[obs3];

pantophagous[obs3], phytophagous[obs3], xylophagous Phr[Biol]. "across

the walnuts and the wine" [Tennyson]; "blessed hour of our dinners!"

[O. Meredith]; "now good digestion wait on appetite, and health on

both!" [Macbeth]; "who can cloy the hungry edge of appetite?" [Richard

II]

#299. Excretion—N. excretion, discharge, emanation; exhalation,

exudation, extrusion, secretion, effusion, extravasation[Med],

ecchymosis[Med]; evacuation, dejection, faeces, excrement, shit,

stools, crap[vulg.]; bloody flux; cacation[obs3]; coeliac-flux,

coeliac-passion; dysentery; perspiration, sweat; subation[obs3],

exudation; diaphoresis; sewage; eccrinology[Med]. saliva, spittle,

rheum; ptyalism[obs3], salivation, catarrh; diarrhoea; ejecta,

egesta[Biol], sputa; excreta; lava; exuviae &c. (uncleanness) 653[Lat].

hemorrhage, bleeding; outpouring &c. (egress) 295. V. excrete &c.

(eject) 297; emanate &c. (come out) 295.

#300. [Forcible ingress.] Insertion.—N. insertion, implantation,

#

introduction; insinuation &c. (intervention) 228; planting, &c. v.;

injection, inoculation, importation, infusion; forcible ingress &c.

294;

immersion; submersion, submergence, dip, plunge; bath &c. (water),

337;

interment &c. 363.

clyster[Med], enema, glyster[obs3], lavage, lavement[obs3].

V. insert; introduce, intromit; put into, run into; import;

inject;

interject &c. 298; infuse, instill, inoculate, impregnate, imbue,

imbrue.

graft, ingraft[obs3], bud, plant, implant; dovetail.

obtrude; thrust in, stick in, ram in, stuff in, tuck in, press,

in,

drive in, pop in, whip in, drop in, put in; impact; empierce| &c. (make

a

hole) 260[obs3].

imbed; immerse, immerge, merge; bathe, soak &c. (water) 337; dip,

plunge &c. 310.

bury &c. (inter) 363.

insert &c itself; plunge in medias res.

Adj. inserted &c. v.

#301. [Forcible egress.] Extraction.—N. extraction; extracting &c.

#

v.; removal, elimination, extrication, eradication, evolution.

evulsion[obs3], avulsion[obs3]; wrench; expression, squeezing;

extirpation, extermination; ejection &c. 297; export &c. (egress) 295.

extractor, corkscrew, forceps, pliers.

V. extract, draw; take out, draw out, pull out, tear out, pluck

out,

pick out, get out; wring from, wrench; extort; root up, weed up, grub

up,

rake up, root out, weed out, grub out, rake out; eradicate; pull up by

the

roots, pluck up by the roots; averruncate|; unroot[obs3]; uproot, pull

up,

extirpate, dredge.

remove; educe, elicit; evolve, extricate; eliminate &c. (eject)

297;

eviscerate &c. 297.

express, squeeze out, press out.

Adj. extracted &c. v.

#302. [Motion through.] Passage.—N. passage, transmission;

permeation; penetration, interpenetration; transudation, infiltration;

endosmose exosmose[obs3]; endosmosis[Chem]; intercurrence[obs3];

ingress &c. 294; egress &c. 295; path &c. 627; conduit &c. 350; opening

&c. 260; journey &c. 266; voyage &c. 267. V. pass, pass through;

perforate &c. (hole) 260; penetrate, permeate, thread, thrid[obs3],

enfilade; go through, go across; go over, pass over; cut across; ford,

cross; pass and repass, work; make one's way, thread one's way, worm

one's way, force one's way; make a passage form a passage; cut one's

way through; find its way, find its vent; transmit, make way, clear the

course; traverse, go over the ground. Adj. passing &c. v.;

intercurrent[obs3]; endosmosmic[obs3], endosmotic[Chem]. Adv. en

passant &c. (transit) 270[Fr].

#303. [Motion beyond] Transcursion—N. transcursion|,

transiliency[obs3], transgression; trespass; encroachment,

infringement; extravagation|, transcendence; redundancy &c. 641. V.

transgress, surpass, pass; go beyond, go by; show in front, come to the

front; shoot ahead of; steal a march upon, steal a gain upon. overstep,

overpass, overreach, overgo[obs3], override, overleap, overjump[obs3],

overskip[obs3], overlap, overshoot the mark; outstrip, outleap,

outjump, outgo, outstep[obs3], outrun, outride, outrival, outdo; beat,

beat hollow; distance; leave in the lurch, leave in the rear; throw

into the shade; exceed, transcend, surmount; soar &c. (rise) 305.

encroach, trespass, infringe, trench upon, entrench on, intrench

on[obs3]; strain; stretch a point, strain a point; cross the Rubicon.

Adj. surpassing &c. v. Adv. beyond the mark, ahead.

#304. [motion short of] Shortcoming—N. shortcoming, failure;

falling short &c v.; default, defalcation; leeway; labor in vain, no

go. incompleteness &c. 53; imperfection &c. 651; insufficiency &c. 640;

noncompletion &c. 730; failure &c. 732. V. 303, come short of, fall

short of, stop short of, come short, fall short, stop short; not reach;

want; keep within bounds, keep within the mark, keep within the

compass. break down, stick in the mud, collapse, flat out [U.S.], come

to nothing; fall through, fall to the ground; cave in, end in smoke,

miss the mark, fail; lose ground; miss stays. Adj. unreached;

deficient; short, short of; minus; out of depth; perfunctory &c.

(neglect) 460. Adv. within the mark, within the compass, within the

bounds; behindhand; re infecta[Lat]; to no purpose; for from it. Phr.

the bubble burst.

#305. [Motion upwards] Ascent.—N. ascent, ascension; rising &c.

#

309; acclivity, hill &c. 217; flight of steps, flight of stairs; ladder

rocket, lark; sky rocket, sky lark; Alpine Club.

V. ascend, rise, mount, arise, uprise; go up, get up, work one's

way

up, start up; shoot up, go into orbit; float up; bubble up; aspire.

climb, clamber, ramp, scramble, escalade[obs3], surmount; shin,

shinny, shinney; scale, scale the heights.

[cause to go up] raise, elevate &c. 307.

go aloft, fly aloft; tower, soar, take off; spring up, pop up,

jump

up, catapult upwards, explode upwards; hover, spire, plane, swim,

float,

surge; leap &c. 309.

Adj. rising &c. v. scandent|, buoyant; supernatant,

superfluitant|;

excelsior.

Adv. uphill.

#306. [Motion downwards] Descent.—N. descent, descension[obs3],

#

declension, declination; fall; falling &c. v.: slump; drop, plunge,

plummet, cadence; subsidence, collapse, lapse; downfall, tumble, slip,

tilt, trip, lurch; cropper, culbute[obs3]; titubation[obs3], stumble;

fate

of Icarus.

avalanche, debacle, landslip, landslide.

declivity, dip, hill.

[equipment for descending by rappeling] rappel.

V. descend; go down, drop down, come down; fall, gravitate, drop,

slip, slide, rappel, settle; plunge, plummet, crash; decline, set,

sink,

droop, come down a peg; slump.

dismount, alight, light, get down; swoop; stoop &c. 308; fall

prostrate, precipitate oneself; let fall &c. 308.

tumble, trip, stumble, titubate[obs3], lurch, pitch, swag, topple,

topple over, tumble over, topple down, tumble down; tilt, sprawl, plump

down, come down a cropper.

Adj. descending &c. v.; descendent; decurrent[obs3],

decursive[obs3];

labent[obs3], deciduous; nodding to its fall.

Adv. downhill, downwards.

Phr. the bottom fell out.

#307. Elevation.—N. elevation; raising &c. v.; erection, lift;

#

sublevation[obs3], upheaval; sublimation, exaltation; prominence &c.

(convexity) 250.

lever &c. 633; crane, derrick, windlass, capstan, winch; dredge,

dredger, dredging machine.

dumbwaiter, elevator, escalator, lift.

V. heighten, elevate, raise, lift, erect; set up, stick up, perch

up,

perk up, tilt up; rear, hoist, heave; uplift, upraise, uprear,

upbear[obs3], upcast[obs3], uphoist[obs3], upheave; buoy, weigh mount,

give

a lift; exalt; sublimate; place on a pedestal, set on a pedestal.

[ref] escalate (increase) 35, 102, 194.

take up, drag up, fish up; dredge.

stand up, rise up, get up, jump up; spring to one's feet; hold

oneself, hold one's head up; drawn oneself up to his full height.

Adj. elevated &c. v.; stilted, attollent[obs3], rampant.

Adv. on stilts, on the shoulders of, on one's legs, on one's hind

legs.

#308. Depression.—N. lowering &c. v.; depression; dip &c.

(concavity) 252; abasement; detrusion[obs3]; reduction. overthrow,

overset[obs3], overturn; upset; prostration, subversion, precipitation.

bow; courtesy, curtsy; genuflexion[obs3], genuflection, kowtow,

obeisance, salaam. V. depress, lower, let down, take down, let down a

peg, take down a peg; cast; let drop, let fall; sink, debase, bring

low, abase, reduce, detrude[obs3], pitch, precipitate. overthrow,

overturn, overset[obs3]; upset, subvert, prostate, level, fell; cast

down, take down, throw down, fling down, dash down, pull down, cut

down, knock down, hew down; raze, raze to the ground, rase to the

ground[obs3]; trample in the dust, pull about one's ears. sit, sit

down; couch, squat, crouch, stoop, bend, bow; courtesy, curtsy; bob,

duck, dip, kneel; bend the knee, bow the knee, bend the head, bow the

head; cower; recline &c. (be horizontal) 213. Adj. depressed &c. v.; at

a low ebb; prostrate &c. (horizontal) 213; detrusive[obs3]. Phr.

facinus quos inquinat aequat [Lat][Lucan].

#309. Leap.—N. leap, jump, hop, spring, bound, vault,

#

saltation[obs3].

ance, caper; curvet, caracole; gambade|, gambado|; capriole,

demivolt[obs3]; buck, buck jump; hop skip and jump; falcade[obs3].

kangaroo, jerboa; chamois, goat, frog, grasshopper, flea;

buckjumper[obs3]; wallaby.

V. leap; jump up, jump over the moon; hop, spring, bound, vault,

ramp,

cut capers, trip, skip, dance, caper; buck, buck jump; curvet,

caracole;

foot it, bob, bounce, flounce, start; frisk &c. (amusement) 840; jump

about

&c. (agitation) 315; trip it on the light fantastic toe, trip the light

fantastic, dance oneself off one's legs, dance off one's shoes.

Adj. leaping &c. v.; saltatory[obs3], frisky.

Adv. on the light fantastic toe.

Phr. di salto in salto[It].

#310. Plunge—N. plunge, dip, dive, header; ducking &c. v.; diver.

#

V. plunge, dip, souse, duck; dive, plump; take a plunge, take a

header; make a plunge; bathe &c.(water) 337.

submerge, submerse; immerse; douse, sink, engulf, send to the

bottom.

get out of one's depth; go to the bottom, go down like a stone,

drop

like a lead balloon; founder, welter, wallow.

#311. [Curvilinear motion.] Circuition.—N. circuition[obs3],

circulation; turn, curvet; excursion, circumvention, circumnavigation,

circumambulation; northwest passage; circuit &c. 629. turning &c. v.;

wrench; evolution; coil, corkscrew. V. turn, bend, wheel; go about, put

about; heel; go round to the right about, turn round to the right

about; turn on one's heel; make a circle, make a complete circle,

describe a circle, describe a complete circle; go through 180x, go

through 360x, pass through 180x, pass through 360x. circumnavigate,

circumambulate, circumvent; "put a girdle round about the earth"

[M.N.D.]; go the round, make the round of. wind, circulate, meander;

whisk, twirl; twist &c. (convolution) 248; make a detour &c. (circuit)

629. Adj. turning &c. v.; circuitous; circumforaneous[obs3],

circumfluent[obs3]. Adv. round about.

#312. [Motion in a continued circle.] Rotation.—N. rotation,

revolution, spinning, gyration, turning about an axis, turning around

an axis, circulation, roll; circumrotation[obs3], circumvolution,

circumgyration[obs3]; volutation[obs3], circination|,

turbination[obs3], pirouette, convolution. verticity|, whir, whirl,

eddy, vortex, whirlpool, gurge[obs3]; countercurrent; Maelstrom,

Charybdis; Ixion. [rotating air] cyclone; tornado, whirlwind; dust

devil. [rotation of an automobile] spin-out. axis, axis of rotation,

swivel, pivot, pivot point; axle, spindle, pin, hinge, pole, arbor,

bobbin, mandrel; axle shaft; gymbal; hub, hub of rotation. [rotation

and translation together] helix, helical motion. [measure of rotation]

angular momentum, angular velocity; revolutions per minute, RPM.

[result of rotation] centrifugal force; surge; vertigo, dizzy round;

coriolus force. [things that go around] carousel, merry-go-round;

Ferris wheel; top, dreidel ,teetotum[obs3]; gyroscope; turntable, lazy

suzan; screw, whirligig, rolling stone[obs3], water wheel, windmill;

wheel, pulley wheel, roulette wheel, potter's wheel, pinwheel, gear;

roller; flywheel; jack; caster; centrifuge, ultracentrifuge, bench

centrifuge, refrigerated centrifuge, gas centrifuge, microfuge; drill,

augur, oil rig; wagon wheel, wheel, tire, tyre[Brit][Brit]. [Science of

rotary motion] trochilics[obs3]. [person who rotates] whirling dervish.

V. rotate; roll along; revolve, spin; turn round; circumvolve[obs3];

circulate; gyre, gyrate, wheel, whirl, pirouette; twirl, trundle,

troll, bowl. roll up, furl; wallow, welter; box the compass; spin like

a top, spin like a teetotum|!. [of an automobile] spin out. Adj.

rotating &c.v.; rotary, rotary; circumrotatory[obs3], trochilic[obs3],

vertiginous, gyratory; vortical, vorticose[obs3]. Adv. head over heels,

round and round, like a horse in a mill.

#313. [Motion in the reverse circle.] Evolution.—N. evolution,

unfolding, development; evolvement; unfoldment; eversion &c.

(inversion) 218. V. evolve; unfold, unroll, unwind, uncoil, untwist,

unfurl, untwine, unravel; untangle, disentangle; develop. Adj. evolving

&c. v.; evolved &c. v.

#314. [Reciprocating motion, motion to and fro.] Oscillation.—N.

oscillation; vibration, libration; motion of a pendulum; nutation;

undulation; pulsation; pulse. alternation; coming and going &c. v.; ebb

and flow, flux and reflux, ups and down. fluctuation; vacillation &c.

(irresolution) 605. wave, vibratiuncle[obs3], swing, beat, shake, wag,

seesaw, dance, lurch, dodge; logan[obs3], loggan[obs3], rocking-stone,

vibroscope[obs3]. V. oscillate; vibrate, librate[obs3]; alternate,

undulate, wave; rock, swing; pulsate, beat; wag, waggle; nod, bob,

courtesy, curtsy; tick; play; wamble[obs3], wabble[obs3]; dangle, swag.

fluctuate, dance, curvet, reel, quake; quiver, quaver; shake, flicker;

wriggle; roll, toss, pitch; flounder, stagger, totter; move up and

down, bob up and down &c. Adv.; pass and repass, ebb and flow, come and

go; vacillate &c. 605; teeter [U.S.]. brandish, shake, flourish. Adj.

oscillating &c. v.; oscillatory, undulatory, pulsatory[obs3],

libratory, rectilinear; vibratory, vibratile[obs3]; pendulous. Adv. to

and fro, up and down, backwards and forwards, hither and yon, seesaw,

zigzag, wibble-wabble[obs3], in and out, from side to side, like

buckets in a well.

#315. [Irregular motion] Agitation.—N. agitation, stir, tremor,

shake, ripple, jog, jolt, jar, jerk, shock, succussion[obs3],

trepidation, quiver, quaver, dance; jactitation|, quassation|;

shuffling 7c. v.; twitter, flicker, flutter. turbulence, perturbation;

commotion, turmoil, disquiet; tumult, tumultuation|; hubbub, rout,

bustle, fuss, racket, subsultus[obs3], staggers, megrims, epilepsy,

fits; carphology[obs3], chorea, floccillation[obs3], the jerks, St.

Vitus's dance, tilmus[obs3]. spasm, throe, throb, palpitation,

convulsion. disturbance, chaos &c. (disorder) 59; restlessness &c.

(changeableness) 149. ferment, fermentation; ebullition, effervescence,

hurly-burly, cahotage[obs3]; tempest, storm, ground swell, heavy sea,

whirlpool, vortex &c. 312; whirlwind &c. (wind) 349. V. be agitated

&c.; shake; tremble, tremble like an aspen leaf; quiver, quaver, quake,

shiver, twitter, twire[obs3], writhe, toss, shuffle, tumble, stagger,

bob, reel, sway, wag, waggle; wriggle, wriggle like an eel; dance,

stumble, shamble, flounder, totter, flounce, flop, curvet, prance,

cavort [U.S.]; squirm. throb, pulsate, beat, palpitate, go pitapat;

flutter, flitter, flicker, bicker; bustle. ferment, effervesce, foam;

boil, boil over; bubble up; simmer. toss about, jump about; jump like a

parched pea; shake like an aspen leaf; shake to its center, shake to

its foundations; be the sport of the winds and waves; reel to and fro

like a drunken man; move from post to pillar and from pillar to post,

drive from post to pillar and from pillar to post, keep between hawk

and buzzard. agitate, shake, convulse, toss, tumble, bandy, wield,

brandish, flap, flourish, whisk, jerk, hitch, jolt; jog, joggle,

jostle, buffet, hustle, disturb, stir, shake up, churn, jounce, wallop,

whip, vellicate[obs3]. Adj. shaking &c. v.; agitated, tremulous;

desultory, subsultory|; saltatoric[obs3]; quasative[obs3]; shambling;

giddy-paced, saltatory[obs3], convulsive, unquiet, restless, all of a

twitter. Adv. by fits and starts; subsultorily| &c. adj[obs3].; per

saltum[Lat]; hop skip and jump; in convulsions, in fits. Phr. tempete

dans un verre d'eau[Fr].

CLASS III

WORDS RELATING TO MATTER

SECTION I. MATTER IN GENERAL