Anstie Camp, Dorking, 389
Ash, Farnham, 101
Battersea Rise, 604
Carshalton, 351
Chart Park, Dorking, 389
Cookham, Maidenhead, 591
Croydon, 101
Earley, 592
Earlsfield, 604
East Hill, Wandsworth, 604
East Sheen, 591
Egham, 101
Farley Heath, 596
Farnham, 595
Frimley, 596
Godalming, 319
Hurlingham, 351
Kingston-on-Thames, 120;
Chelsea Waterworks at, 150
Lavender Hill, 604
Limpsfield, 609, 610
Lingfield Mark Camp, 389
Normandy, Wanborough, 228
Peasemarsh, Godalming, 353, 594
Peperharrow, 596
Redhill, 244, 277, 378
Reigate, 100, 229, 277, 278
Ridland’s Farm, Limpsfield, 610
Roehampton, 604
Sheen, 253
Sonning, 592
Surrey, 127, 279, 389
Titsey, 144, 230
Walton-on-Thames, 351
West Hill, Wandsworth, 604
Wishmoor, 70
Wisley, 101
Wracklesham, 596
SUSSEX.
Alfriston, 84, 148
Avisford Bridge, 687
Bell’s Field, Friston, 622
Beltout Castle, 281
Berling Gap, 301, 303, 305
Bow Hill, 268
Brighton (Elephant bed), 622
Cissbury, 32, 33, 35, 72, 75, 78, 80, 81, 82, 248, 277, 281
Clayton Hill, 76
Cliffe, Lewes, 229
Crow Link Gap, East Dean, 622
Cuckmare Haven, 304
Eastbourne, 76, 87, 126, 144, 179, 357
Hardham, 283
Hastings, 71, 281, 309, 325, 389
High Down, Ferring, 314
Horsham, 389
Hove, Brighton, 185, 268, 449
Mitchdean, 154
Mount Caburn, Lewes, 229, 249, 268, 440
Mount Harry, Lewes, 174
Newhaven, 278, 295
Newhaven and Telscombe, between, 71
Oving, Chichester, 69
Pallingham Quay, 229
Possingworth Manor, Uckfield, 281
Pulborough, 254
Pycombe Hill, 93
Ringwood Gore Farm, East Dean, 94
St. Leonard’s Forest, Horsham, 229, 295, 389
Seaford, 71, 149, 249, 278, 295, 309
Sussex, 68, 84, 277, 279, 301, 419, 443
Sussex Downs, 32, 36, 79, 101, 248, 263, 307, 310, 319, 400
Willington Mill, 341
Windore Hill, Alfriston, 308
Wolsonbury, 465
WARWICKSHIRE.
Castle Ring, Cannock Chase, 281
Hartshill Common, 187
Rugby, 259
Ryton-on-Dunsmore, Coventry, 240
Saltley, 522, 578
Sutton Coldfield, 224
Walsgrave-upon-Sowe, 198
WESTMORLAND.
Burns, Ambleside, 235
Haversham, 201
Loughrigg Tarn, 133
Westmorland, 112, 117, 200, 235
WILTSHIRE.
Aldbourne, Hungerford, 78, 96, 227, 427, 463, 466
Alton Down, 377
Ashford-in-the-Water, 443, 467, 632
Ashton Valley, 210
Avebury, 248, 281, 332, 454, 467
Avebury Down, 309
Bemerton, 70, 627–629, 632
Bradford Abbas, 281
Breamore, 107, 632
Brigmilston, 280, 314
Britford, Salisbury, 632
Bulford, 427
Bush Barrow, Normanton, 227
Clarendon, 15
Collingbourne, 434
Collingbourne Ducis, 254
Cop Hill Barrow, Warminster, 434
Crudwell, 111
Cutterly Clump, 378
Downton, 632
Durrington, 269
Durrington Walls, 308, 352, 455
East Kennet, 193
Elm Grove, Milford Hill, 632
Everley, 160, 268, 291, 384, 466
Everley and Amesbury, between, 314
Fisherton, 628
Fisherton Anger, 630
Fovant, 385, 455
Fyfield, 377
Galley Hill, 656
Great Bedwin, 102
Hacpen Hill, 432
Hamptworth, 335
Harnham Hill, 283
Heytesbury, 254
Highfield, Salisbury, 251, 538, 629
Kingston Deverill, 460
Knook Castle, Upton Lovel, 148
Lambourn Downs, 186, 308, 318, 349
Lake, Salisbury, 125, 269, 388, 627
Liddington, 229
Littleton Drew, 280
Long Street Down, 280
Marlborough, 229, 230
Mere Down, 427
Milford Hill, 631–633
Milton, Pewsey, 390
Monkton Down, 328
Morgan’s Hill, 309
Normanton Down, 267, 269
Norton, Daventree, 352
Ogbourne, 377
Overton Hill, 295
Ozengall, 283
Peter’s Finger, Salisbury, 277
Pewsey, 627
Pick Rudge Farm, Overton, 339, 380
Rolston Field, 186
Rotherley, 309
Roundway Hill, Devizes, 268, 398, 426
Rushmore Park, 309
Salisbury, 627
Salisbury, Plain, 202
Selwood, Stourton, 198, 211
Silk Hill Barrow, 269
South Newton, 628
Stanton Fitzwarren, 101
Stonehenge, 107, 212, 269, 291, 352, 466
Stourton, 192
Sutton, 427
Temple Bottom, 434
Upton Lovel Barrow Down, 88, 143, 148, 213, 244, 267, 428, 431, 456,
460, 467
Walker’s Hill, 377
West Kennet, 248, 250, 263, 277, 280, 291, 294, 309, 432, 463
Wilsford, 213, 268, 269, 398
Wiltshire, 77, 83, 244, 260, 267, 279, 310, 352, 385, 389, 396, 397,
456
Windmill Hill, Avebury, 186, 385
Winterbourn Bassett, 240
Winterbourn Stoke, 266, 277, 280, 309, 371, 466
Wishford, Great Bedwin, 111
Woodyates Barrow, 385, 397
WORCESTERSHIRE.
Aldington, 426
Bewdley, 186
Doddenham, 230
Grimley, 186, 202
Lindridge, 427
Worcestershire, 393
YORKSHIRE.
Acklam Wold, 140, 415
Aldro’, Malton, 205
Allerston, 189
Amotherby, Malton, 105, 379, 391
Athelney, 468
Baildon Common, 388
Barmston, 128
Barugh, 114
Bempton, 72
Birdsall, Malton, 126
Bishop’s Burton, 331
Bridlington, 124, 125, 176, 242, 251, 290, 295, 307, 322–324, 329, 332,
335, 339, 340, 581
Brompton, 386
Brompton Carr, 202
Broughton-in-Craven, 208, 269
Buckthorpe, 205
Butterwick, 374, 453
Calais Wold Barrow, Pocklington, 371, 377, 455
Carnaby Moor, 91, 115
Cawton, 206
Charleston, Bridlington, 176, 290, 291
Cleveland, 252
Cliffe, Carlebury, 389
Corbridge Fell, 244
Cowlam, 176, 207, 262, 267, 434
Coxwold, 206
Crambe, 125, 345
Crosby, Garrett Fell, 317
Dalton, 176
Danby, North Moors, 211
Drewton, North Cave, 269
Driffield, 280, 328, 456
Duggleby, 140
Easton, Bridlington, 128, 243
Egton, 459
Egton, Bridge, 462
Etton, 331
Fimber, 105, 140, 266, 337, 341, 356, 380, 393, 462
Flamborough, 225
Flixton, 335
Folkton Wold, 421
Fridaythorpe, 105
Fylingdales, 463
Ganthorpe, 181
Ganton, 94, 241
Ganton, Wold, 73, 89, 267, 335, 336, 356, 358
Garton, 91, 350
Gilling, Vale of Mowbray, 119, 120, 339
Grindale, Bridlington, 96, 249, 375
Gristhorpe Barrow, Scarborough, 279, 398
Harome, Ryedale, 133, 221, 343, 344
Helmsley, 239
Helperthorpe, 89, 177, 262, 302
Heslerton Carr, 120
Heslerton Wold, 202, 224, 357
Holme, Spalding Moor, 100, 117
Hull, 202
Hunmanby, 184, 187, 455
Huntow, Bridlington, 181, 243, 342, 572
Jervaux, Bedale, 204
Kelleythorpe, Driffield, 429
Kilham, 91
King’s Field, Bridlington, 91
Kirby Underdale, 91
Kirklington, 209
Lady Graves, Fimber, 91
Langdale End, 391
Leeds, 222
Malton, 46, 105, 128, 135
Marton, 332
Mennithorpe, 136
North Burton, 96
Northdale, Bridlington, 174, 334
Northdale Farm, Grindale, Bridlington, 378, 382, 392
North Holme, 128
Norton, Malton, 102
Nunnington, 104, 115, 116, 191
Osgodby, 122
Oulston, 106
Pickering, 148, 197, 207, 250, 253, 279, 291, 352, 459
Pilmoor, 128, 191
Potter Brompton Wold, 194, 332
Ravenhill Tumulus, Scarborough, 143
Robin Hood Butts, Scarborough, 330
Rochdale, 389
Rookdale, 396
Rudstone, 34, 176, 195, 230, 235, 245, 265, 295, 307, 308, 316, 330,
331, 334, 356, 384, 454, 467
Rye Bank, Ness, 119
Ryedale, 136, 344
Salton, 228
Sawdon, 89, 415
Scalby, Scarborough, 202
Scampston, 126, 438
Scamridge, 77, 246, 247, 335
Scamridge Dykes, 121
Scarborough, 160, 221, 269, 332
Seackleton, 191
Seamer, 91, 126
Seamer Moor, 96, 105, 148, 290, 371, 379, 399
Settle, 435
Settle, Victoria Cave at, 505, 524
Sewerby, Bridlington, 355
Sherburn, 34, 128, 295, 331, 391
Sherburn, Carr, 342
Sherburn, Wold, 333, 380, 385
Skelton Moors, 198, 211
Sledmere, 195
Snainton Moor, 333
South Back Lane, Bridlington, 129
South Dalton, Beverley, 190
Speeton, Bridlington, 125
Stainton Dale, Scarborough, 198
Stanwick, 210
Swinton, Malton, 121
Thixendale, 128
Thorn Marsh, 102
Thwing, 454
Topcliffe, 268
Uncleby, 96, 271, 283
Weapon Ness, 223
Weaverthorpe, 34, 243, 246, 266, 276, 300, 302, 331, 391, 439
Weaverthorpe Ling, 461
Westerdale Moors, 211
West Huntow, Bridlington, 334
Wetwang, 356
Whitby, 187, 191, 196, 295, 343, 459
Whitwell, 122
Willerby, 125
Willerby, Carr, 189, 228
Willerby, Wold, 89, 180, 334, 374
Wold Newton, 243
Wykeham Moor, 331
York, 92, 96, 150, 334
Yorkshire, 41, 77, 143, 177, 186, 200, 277, 279, 290, 304, 307, 331,
341, 345, 374, 377, 389, 391, 392, 393, 395, 420, 440–443
Yorkshire Barrows, 244, 245, 309, 432, 468
Yorkshire Wolds, 23, 30, 77, 89, 223, 248, 262, 266, 276, 290, 294,
301, 302, 303, 304, 308, 310, 311, 319, 322, 323, 324, 328,
329, 352, 356, 374, 376, 378, 379, 381, 382, 385, 389, 390,
400, 412, 415, 416
ISLE OF MAN.
Cregneesh, 378
Isle of Man, 444
Port Erin, 378
Port St. Mary, 277
CHANNEL ISLANDS.
Channel Islands, 57, 188
Guernsey, 127, 188, 401
Herm, 247
_La Roche qui sonne_, 464
St. Clement’s, Jersey, 396
St. Sampson, Guernsey, 141
RIVERS.
Avon, Valley of, 626, 627, 632–634, 692
Axe, Valley of, 639
Beane, 602
Blackwater, 692
Bourne, Valley of, 631, 636, 637, 695
Bulbourne, Valley of, 597
Cam, Valley of, 538, 539
Chelmer, 578
Cherwell, 593
Colne, Valley of, 578, 597
Cray, Valley of, 604, 605
Culm, Valley of, 639
Darent, Valley of, 605–607, 609, 610
Gade, Valley of, 596, 597
Gipping, Valley of, 578
Goldstream, 574
Hamble, Valley of, 689
Hiz, Valley of, 536–538
Itchen, Valley of, 622, 688
Ivel, Valley of, 536–538
Kent, Valley of, 542
Kennet, 592
Lambourn, 126
Lark, Valley of, 499, 539–543, 554, 559, 681, 682
Lea, 229;
Valley of, 586, 598, 602, 603
Linnet, 540
Little Ouse, Valley of, 551–559, 681–683, 707
Maran, Valley of, 602
Medway, Valley of, 608, 610
Misbourne, Valley of, 596
Nadder, 630
Nar, or Setchy, 572
Nene, 681
Oughton, 536
Ouse, Valley of, 530, 531, 680
Ravensbourne, Valley of, 604
Rea, Valley of, 578, 579
Severn, at Ribbesford, 210
Shode, Valley of, 608
Solent, Valley of the ancient, 635
Stort, Valley of, 602
Stour, Valley of, 578, 618, 619, 634, 687–692
Swale, Valley of, 686
Teise, Valley of, 610
Ter, Valley of, 578
Test, Valley of, 622, 688
Thames, 74, 75, 91, 123, 206, 222, 229, 350, 389, 431, 581;
Valley of, 581, 604–607, 668, 685;
at Battersea, 71, 237, 587, 588;
Chelsea, 588;
Coway Stakes, Egham, 110;
Greenwich, 357;
Hammersmith, 588;
Hampton Court, 110;
Kew, 161, 434;
London, 100, 122, 195, 210, 213, 219, 350, 357;
London Bridge, 351;
Long Wittenbam, 337;
Oxford, 594;
Parliament Stairs, 194;
Putney, 588;
Reading, 143;
Richmond, 588;
Teddington, 100;
Twickenham, 174;
Wandsworth, 434, 588;
Windsor, 227, 341, 431
Thet, 550
Trent, at Beeston, 210
Trent or Piddle, Valley of, 638, 692
Ver, Valley of, 597
Wandle, Valley of, 604
Waveney, Valley of, 573, 577, 578, 683, 684
Wear, 193
Wey, Valley of, 594–596
Wiley, Valley of, 628–630
Wissey, or Stoke, 572
Wye, 521
WALES.
South Wales, 439
ANGLESEA.
Amlwch Parys Mine, 234
Anglesea, 84, 104, 198, 236, 247, 251, 252, 257, 259, 260, 269, 309,
438, 450, 463
Caer Leb, Llanidan, 230, 468
Heneglwys, 281
Holyhead, Island of, 230, 244, 248, 254, 257, 264, 270, 309, 438, 455
Llangwyllog, 103, 460
Llanidan, 234
Old Geir, 234, 236, 249
Penmynydd, 468
Pen-y-bonc, Holyhead, 89, 230, 234, 247, 252, 442, 459
Ty Mawr, 230, 234, 248, 251, 252, 270, 438, 450, 466
BRECON.
Hay, 328
Ty ddu Llanelieu, 353
CARDIGANSHIRE.
Lampeter, 259
Llangynfelin Mine, 234
CARMARTHENSHIRE.
Cae Gwyn, 521
Coygan Cave, 521
Ffynnon Beunos Cave, 521
Pont Newydd Cave, Cefn, 521
CARNARVONSHIRE.
Aber, 262
Bangor, 279
Carreg-y-Saelhau, Aber, 262
Dwygyfylchi, 84
Llandudno, 233
Llanfairfechan, 198
Nantlle, 236
Pen-maen-mawr, 84, 450
Tomen-y-Mur, 433
DENBIGHSHIRE.
Brynbugeilen, Llangollen, 279
Denbighshire, 244
Moel Fenlli, Ruthin, 239, 283
Pentrefoelas, 340
Rhos Digre, 126
Ty-newydd, Llansilin, 143
GLAMORGANSHIRE.
Cardiff, 110
Llanmadock in Gower, 187
Long Hole, Gower, 520
Melyn Works, Neath, 125
Paviland Caves, 487, 520
MERIONETHSHIRE.
Cader Idris, 198
Harlech, 279
Llanaber, 279
Maesmore, near Corwen, 226
Merionethshire, 279
MONTGOMERYSHIRE.
Carno, 281, 389, 438
Llanbrynmair, 202
Llanidloes, 198
Llanrhaiadr-yn-Mochnant, 225
Rhayader, 230
Snow Brook Lead Mines, Plinlimmon, 234
Trefeglwys, 240, 342
PEMBROKESHIRE.
Hoyle’s Mouth, Tenby, 521
Oyle Cave, Tenby, 521
Pembrokeshire, 230
St. Botolph’s Priory, 242
Tenby, 383
RADNOR.
Abbey Cwm Hir, 230
SCOTLAND.
Scotland, 123, 199, 200, 242, 245, 252, 255, 267, 269, 270, 322, 323,
338, 377, 378, 386, 419, 420, 437, 439, 442, 443, 469
ABERDEENSHIRE.
Aberdeenshire, 22, 97, 103, 130, 149, 199, 236, 244, 250, 280, 333,
362, 377, 386, 444
Ashogall, Turriff, 224
Ballater, 421
Ballogie, 428
Balmoral, 444
Bogingarry, Old Deer, 89, 94
Brindy Hill, 117
Clashfarquhar, 280
Cloister-Seat Farm, Udny, 388
Corennie, Hill of, 413
Critchie, Inverurie, 197
Cromar, 291, 338, 388, 444
Crookmore, Tullynessle, 444
Cruden, 149, 388, 398, 425, 463
Don River, 22
Drumkesk, Aboyne, 444
Dudwick, 420
Ellon, 390
Fernie Brae, Slains, 138
Forgue, 388
Fyvie, 408, 428
Gallow Hill, Turriff, 224
Garioch, Chapel of, 420
Kildrummy, 388
Kinellar, 388
Kintore, 342, 388
Knockargity, 444
Leochel River, 22
Loch Skene, 463
Migvie, Tarland, 420
Newburgh, 68
Newton, 106
Old Deer, 35
Rothie, 459
Slains, 388
Strathdon, 388, 444
Tarland, 331, 388
Towie, 421
Turriff, 342
Tyrie, 237
Udny, 331
Ythanside, Gight, 230
ARGYLLSHIRE.
Ardrossan, 198
Argyllshire, 242, 280
Campbelton, Kintire, 143
Inveraray, 211
Island of Coll, 241
Islay, 442
Southend, Kintire, 143
Strachur, 338
AYRSHIRE.
Ardrossan, 198
Ayrshire, 310, 388
Kilmarnock, 386, 420
Kirkmichael, 353
Lochlee, 247
Maybole, 440
Middleton, Stevenston, 198
Stevenston, 456
BANFF.
Alvah, 388
Balveny, 357
Banff, 280, 377, 387, 444
Bowiebank, King Edward, 388
Cullen, cave near, 252
Cullen of Buchan, 388
Cullen, Bin of, 280
Eden, 388
Forglen, 296
Glen Avon, 388
Glenlivet, 386
Lesmurdie, 282, 388
Longman, Macduff, 230, 388
Mains of Auchmedden, 388
Montblairy, 386, 420
Mortlach, 388
BERWICKSHIRE.
Berwickshire, 108, 130
Butterlaw, Coldstream, 338
Dunse Castle, 202
Fireburn Mill, Coldstream, 189
Lamberton Moor, 264
BUTE.
Ambrisbeg Hill, 128
Isle of Arran, 225, 280
Mountstuart, 460
CAITHNESS.
Aucorn, 451
Breckigoe, 195
Caithness, 129, 221, 222, 281, 291, 376, 388, 444, 451
Camster, 338
Horned Cairn of Get, Garrywhin, 376
Kettleburn, 259, 440
Ormiegill Ulbster, 338
Wick, 208, 220, 252, 451
CLACKMANNAN.
Alloa, 230
Tillicoultry, 280
Tillicoultry Bridge, 199
CROMARTYSHIRE.
Cat’s Cairn, 149
DUMFRIESSHIRE.
Annandale, 195
Dumfriesshire, 420
Gretna Green, 388
Mains, Dumfries, 108
Robgill, 388
Ruthwell, 388
EAST LOTHIAN.
East Lothian, 259
Gilmerton, 103, 130
Longniddry, 213
Pencaitland, 463
Stenton, 269, 332
EDINBURGH.
Edinburgh, 259
Leith, 200
Redhall, 106
Trinity, 142
ELGIN (see also MORAYSHIRE)
Culbin Sands, 249, 280, 295, 319, 320, 324, 331, 339, 372, 377, 388
Elgin, 280, 377
Fochabers, 112
Rafford, 459
Urquhart, 90, 226, 280, 310, 328, 331, 338, 376, 377, 378, 386, 388,
394, 395
FIFE.
Balmerino, 202
Dairsie, 388
Dunfermline, 109
Dunino, 270
Fifeshire, 126, 241
Kirkcaldy, 112, 120
Ormiston Abdie, 190
St. Andrew’s, Lhanbryd, 388
Tay River, near Newburgh, 184
Tayfield, 457, 475
FORFARSHIRE.
Aberlemno, 459
Balcalk, Tealing, 460
Carmyllie, 388
Dundee, 89, 92, 114
Dundee Law, 453
Dunnichen, 270
Drumour, Glenshee, 119, 133
East Braikie, 420
Forfarshire, 128, 230, 390, 444, 451, 469
Glamis, 224
Glenshee, 151, 154
Guthrie, 353
Letham, 450
Leuchland Toll, Brechin, 459
Lunan-head, 457
Montrose, Tidal Basin at, 224
HADDINGTON.
Gullane Links, 310
Nunraw, 353
INVERNESS.
Abernethy, 388
Ballachulish, 231, 386
Daviot, 107, 135, 149, 254
Druim-a-shi, Culloden, 112, 149
Roy Bridge, 259
KINCARDINE.
Arbuthnot, 388
Bervie, 388
Cleugh, Glenbervie, 230
Dunnottar Castle, 242
Fordoun, 91, 388, 413, 459
Garvoch Hill, 421
Little Barras, Drumlithie, 138
Pitlochrie, 230, 342
Tullo of Garvoch, 420
KINROSS.
Lochleven, 114
KINTIRE.
West Coast of, 263
KIRKCUDBRIGHT.
Balmaclellan, New Galloway, 219, 259
Borness, 270
Castle Douglas, 202
Kelton, 199
Parton, 451
LANARKSHIRE.
Aikbrae, Culter, 179, 201
Biggar, 420
Braidwood, 388
Carluke, 242, 388
Crawfurd Moor, 454
Culter, 230, 237, 242, 442
Dolphinton, 154
Glasgow, 129, 150
Lanark, 280, 342, 387, 396
Lesmahago, 456
LINLITHGOW.
Dalmeny, 113
Silvermine, Torphichen, 200
MIDLOTHIAN.
Cobbinshaw Loch, West Calder, 184
MORAYSHIRE.
Elchies, 388
Keith, 388
Morayshire, 377, 444
Old Town of Roseisle, 388
NAIRN.
Cawdor Castle, 434
PEEBLES.
Linton, 388
South Slipperfield, West Linton, 91
PERTHSHIRE.
Aberfeldy, 109
Abernethy, 187
Benlochy, Blairgowrie, 250
Doune, 224
Dunning, 240
Dunsinane, 259
Needless, 444
Perth, 281, 444
Pitlochrie, 230
Rattray, 109
Tay, near Mugdrum Island, 194
RENFREWSHIRE.
Houstoun, 459
ROSS-SHIRE.
Assynt, 457
Dalmore, Alness, 331, 425
Flowerburn, 318
Fyrish, Evantown, 425
Kinlochew, 91
Standing Stones of Rayne, 42
ROXBURGHSHIRE.
Craigfordmains, 296, 335
Cunzierton, Jedburgh, 109
Lempitlaw, 119
Roxburgh, 112, 280
Sprouston, Kelso, 115, 206
Teindside, Minto, 318
SELKIRKSHIRE.
Philiphaugh, 244, 388
Yarrow, 456
STIRLINGSHIRE.
Blair-Drummond, 222, 346
Craigengelt, 194, 353
Falkirk, Carse of, 488
Fochabers, 112
Killearn, 387, 388
Meiklewood, 346
Stirling, 133
Stirlingshire, 118, 132
Tappock, Torwood, 463
SUTHERLANDSHIRE.
Golspie, 391
Kintradwell, 271
Melness, 142
Sutherland, 444
Torrish, 457
WIGTOWNSHIRE.
Baldoon, 256
Burgh-head, 388
Claycrop, Kirkinner, 220
Dowalton, Sorbie, 440
Earlston, 339
Ervie, Glenluce, 154
Goldenoch Moor, 240, 241
Glenluce, 109, 263, 269, 280, 296, 339, 376, 377, 388, 391, 428, 455,
464, 466
Kirklauchline, 131, 135
Machermore Loch, 241
Portpatrick, 230
Sorbie, 194
Stranraer, 259
West Calder, 466
Wick, 252, 451
Wigtownshire, 199, 234, 247, 310, 466
HEBRIDES.
Broadford Bay, Isle of Skye, 425, 427
Coll, Island of, 241
Harris, Island of, 437
Hebrides, 252, 258
Lewis, Island of, 348, 437
Mull, Isle of, 428
Skye, Isle of, 112, 117, 386, 387, 421, 444
South Uist, Isle of, 440
Western Islands, 470
ORKNEYS.
Blows Moss, South Ronaldsay, 353
Firth, 221, 238
Lingrow, Broch of, Scapa, 221, 271, 416
Northmavine, 76
Orem’s Fancy, Stronsay, 468
Orkneys, 97, 150, 171, 255, 257, 280, 345, 348, 421, 440, 443, 451
Quoyness, Sanday, 255
Rousay, 328
Shapinsay, 269, 387
Skaill, Underground House of, 255, 281
Skara, Skaill, 264, 450
Stronsay, 206
Unstan Cairn, 372, 415
SHETLAND ISLANDS.
Bressay, 256
Clickemin, Lerwick, 138
Cunningsburgh, 128
Easterskild, Sandsting, 346
Firth, 221
Hillswick, 345
Lerwick, 130
Lunnasting, 124
Sand Lodge, 440
Sandsting, 124, 346
Sandwick, 190
Scarpiegarth, 221
Selter, Walls, 124
Shetland, 116, 122, 123, 124, 130, 135, 138, 150, 208, 221, 234, 236,
252, 255, 345, 346–8, 353, 444, 451
Tresta, Aithsting, 124
Trondra, 124
Unst, Isle of, 450
West Burrafirth, 116
Whiteness, 224
Yell, Isle of, 124
IRELAND.
Antrim, 310, 358
Armagh, 115
Arran, Island of, 469
Ballykillen Bog, King’s Co., 408
Ballymena, Antrim, 342, 421
Bann River, 198, 349;
Lower, 353;
Valley of, 286
Belfast Lough, 286
Cookstown, Tyrone, 154
Cork, 234, 251
Dundrum, Down, 466
Bay, 20
Farney, 223, 224
Ireland, 84, 85, 124, 128, 130, 137, 140, 142, 150, 175, 177, 194, 218,
223, 224, 232, 237, 241, 242, 247, 251, 253, 269, 270, 310, 320,
322, 326, 328, 329, 342, 365, 372, 390, 392, 394, 399, 400, 420,
422, 428, 437, 468
Kanestown Bog, Antrim, 408
Kilkenny, 258
Killarney, 234
Lough Gur, 224
Lough Neagh, 77, 175, 181, 291, 649
Monaghan, 154
Portglenone, 353
Toome Bridge, Lough Neagh, 286
Trillick, Tyrone, 445
Tullamore, King’s Co., 224
Ulster, 73, 92, 286
FRANCE
AISNE.
Aisne, 401, 647
Caranda, 327
Chassemy, 252
Laon, 402
Sablonnières, 397
Soissons, 109, 327
ALPES MARITIMES.
Mentone, 475, 487
ARDÈCHE.
Du Charnier, 327
ARIÈGE.
Massat, Caves of, 560
Pyrenees, Caves of the, 281
AUBE.
Troyes, 527
AUVERGNE.
Province of, 43, 286, 402
Corente, 401
AVEYRON.
Des Costes, 401
Mont Sargel, 160
Mur de Barrez, 35
Pilaude, 401
St. Jean d’Alcas, 327, 354, 401
Taurine, Dolmen of, 401
Vinnac, Dolmen of, 352
BRITTANY.
Province of, 57, 62, 109, 142, 253, 268, 395, 400, 401
Carnac, 135, 212, 249, 465
Ile d’Arg, 318
La Table des Marchands, Locmariaker, 153
Ploucour, 340
CHAMPAGNE.
Province of, 69, 528
CHARENTE.
Department of, 187, 262, 335
Bernac, Dolmen of, 77, 401
La Péruse, 401
Tilloux, 528
CORRÈZE.
Department of, 528
CÔTE D’OR.
Labruyère, 144
CÔTES DU NORD.
Department of, 400, 428
Bois du Rocher, Dinan, 528
DAUPHINÉ.
Province of, 133
DORDOGNE.
Department of, 262, 528
Caves of, 292, 296, 329, 476, 478–481
La Madelaine, 248, 484, 505
Laugerie basse, 506
Laugerie haute, 53, 498
Le Moustier, 79, 483, 496, 500, 501, 515, 548
Les Eyzies, 501, 506
Mas d’Azil, 484
EURE ET LOIRE.
Chateaudun, 252
Marboué, 528
Neuilly-sur-Eure, 327
St. Jean, Chateaudun, 109
St. Prest, Chartres, 658
FINISTÈRE.
Department of, 141
FRANCE.
22, 70, 85, 87, 97, 113, 114, 124, 125, 127, 130–136, 140, 147, 154,
186, 205, 216, 286, 299, 310, 311, 320, 325, 395, 396, 435, 465,
470, 653, 657;
North of, 93;
South of, 40, 43, 245, 277, 333, 475, 476, 480, 481, 510, 511
GARD.
Department of, 401
Grailhe, Dolmen of, 354
Grotte des Morts, Durfort, 335, 337, 402
Grotte du Castellet, 373, 401
Grotte Duruthy, 327
GERS.
Pauilhac, Valley of Gers, 286
GIRONDE.
Department of, 401
HAUTE GARONNE.
Aurignac, Cave of, 499
Toulouse, 528
INDRE ET LOIRE.
Department of, 528
Pressigny le Grand, 27, 28, 29, 31, 35, 69, 262, 278, 286
LANDES.
Department of, 401
Poyanne, 231
Sourdes, 43
LOIR ET CHER.
Pontlevoy, 69, 314, 396
Vendôme, 538
LOIRE INFÉRIEURE.
Department of, 135
Dijon, 465
Mont Beuvray, 144
Penhouet, St. Nazaire-sur-Loire, 160
Pornic, 176
LORRAINE.
Province of, 286
LOZÈRE.
Dolmens of the, 268, 327, 354
LYONNAIS.
Mont d’Or, 244
MACONNAIS.
District of the, 528
MORBIHAN.
Department of, 385
Bernon, Arzon, 109
Cruguel, 400
Rocher de Beg-er-Goallenner, Quiberon, 318
NIÈVRE.
Department of, 528
NORD.
Quiévy, 528
OISE.
Beauvais, 182, 528, 541
Breteuil, 109
Camp de Catenoy, 69, 176, 262, 286, 396
Champignolles, 35
Hermes, 314
Montguillain, Beauvais, 528, 541
Sérifontaine, 35
PAS DE CALAIS.
Guînes, 528
Hydrequent, 647
Sangatte, 528
Vaudricourt, Béthune, 554
PÉRIGORD.
Province of, 101
PICARDY.
Province of, 246
POITOU.
Province of, 71, 73, 77, 262, 295, 647
Poitiers, 244
Tombelle de Brioux, 141
Villaigres, 401
PUY DE DÔME.
Clermont Ferrand, 401, 402, 559
Gergovia, 286
PYRÉNÉES.
Caverns of the, 505
Nougaroulet, 131
SAÔNE ET LOIRE.
Camp de Chassey, 159, 324, 401
Saône, Valley of the, 401
Solutré, 484
SAVOIE.
Lac du Bourget, 246
Lakes of, 439
Savoie, 234
SEINE.
Clichy, 703
Paris, 109, 528, 656, 659, 703
Seine, at Paris, 77, 186, 187, 327
Seine, Valley of the, 528
SEINE ET MARNE.
Chelles, 528
Grand Morin, 528
SEINE ET OISE.
Allée Couverte, Argenteuil, 160, 327
Argenteuil, 401, 465
SEINE INFÉRIEURE.
Argues, Dieppe, 528
Auquemesnil, 231
Dieppe, 528
Eu, 109
Londinières, 177, 401
St. Saen, 528
Sotteville, Rouen, 528
Vauvray, 160
SOMME.
Abbeville, 68, 258, 527
Amiens, 77, 241, 527, 698
Camp de César, Pontrémy, 174
Drucat, 707
Menchecourt, Abbeville, 701
Mesnil-en-Arronaise, 187
Miannay, Abbeville, 109
Montiers, 69, 77, 541, 616, 642, 701
Porte Marcadé, 555
St. Acheul, 483, 526
Somme River, 647
Somme Valley, 69, 160, 262, 490, 526, 554, 584, 698
Thenay, 528, 658
Thézy, 528
TARN ET GARONNE.
Bruniquel, Cave of, 296, 505, 506
TOURAINE.
Province of, 30
VIENNE.
Châtellerault, 69
Coussay les Bois, 528
Savanseau, 327
Thorus, Poitiers, 395
YONNE.
Sens, 528
AUSTRIA.
Austria, 404, 529
Egenburg, 404
Hallstatt, Salzkammergut, 84, 188, 234, 269, 460, 464
Hungary, 268, 529
Salzburg, 163
Styria, 194, 255
BELGIUM AND NETHERLANDS.
Aerschot, 161
Belgium, 71, 72, 87, 92, 97, 113, 262, 278, 286, 310, 318, 396, 470,
475, 478, 481
Brussels, 109
Curange, 528
Flanders, 145
Gelderland, 232, 391, 403
Ghlin, 23
Groningen, 205
Hasledon, 402
Heistert, Roermond, 403
Holland, 58
Luxembourg, 262, 403
Maffles, 109
Mesvin, 528
Meuse, District of, 325
Mons, 90
Namur, 396
Samson, 397
Spiennes, Mons, 27, 34, 77, 80, 93, 248, 278, 354
Trou de Chaleux, 318, 501
Winterswyk, 163
Yvoir, 402
DENMARK, NORWAY, AND SWEDEN. (SCANDINAVIA.)
Aarhus, Jutland, 310
Assens, 430
Denmark, 27, 32, 43, 49, 51, 57, 58, 62, 68, 69, 71, 73, 76, 77, 84,
85, 97, 104, 114, 118, 121, 125, 142, 144, 169, 177, 178, 191, 194,
197, 205, 218, 222, 237, 247, 261, 264, 268, 296, 310, 353, 355,
396, 404, 413, 419, 422, 430, 478, 479, 601
Faroe Islands, 445
Iceland, 410
Jutland, 118
Langeland, 430
Lindormabacken, Scania, 396
Norway, 57, 348, 358, 404, 450
Scandinavia, 28, 43, 170, 174, 184, 232, 252, 261, 271, 278, 286, 296,
297, 327, 355, 396, 434, 469
Store Lyngby, Denmark, 70
Sweden, 57, 77, 85, 154, 177, 178, 185, 261, 339, 348, 353, 404, 418
Thorsbjerg, 271
Vissenberg, Odense, Isle of Fünen, 409
GERMANY.
Bavaria, 58, 469
Berlin, 163
Bohemia, 51, 101
Brandenburg, 186, 253
Brunswick, 191
Camenz, 49
Cracow, 358
Dienheim, 160
Gerdauen, 187
Germany, 22, 57, 58, 145, 160, 177, 181, 182, 184, 194, 197, 205, 232,
244, 297, 353, 396, 403, 404, 408, 529
Gonsenheim, Mainz, 144
Hanover, 435
Inzighofen, Sigmaringen, 404
Island of Rügen, 252
Jülich, 64
Kästrich, Gonsenheim, 109
Lang Eichstätt, 163
Lüneburg, 194, 468
Mainz, 182, 191, 267
Martha’s Hof, Bonn, 58
Mitterberg, Bischofshofen, 234
Monsheim, 252, 268
Moravia, 58
Neverstorff, Schleswig Holstein, 310
Ochsenfurt, Lower Franconia, 431
Oldenburg, 404
Oldenstadt, Lüneburg, 232
Pomerania, 403
Posen, 296
Prenzlow, 431
Prussia, 252, 294
Rhenish-Hesse, 286
Rhine, 259, 271, 404
Schleswig, 448
Schraplau, 163
Scudnitz, Schweinitz, 191
Sigmaringen, 177
Soden, 136
Thuringia, 403
Torgau, 63
Trier, 315
Uelzen, Hanover, 185
Weser and Elbe, district between, 163
Wesseling on the Rhine, 109
Wiesbaden, 283
GREECE.
Greece, 61, 62, 114, 126, 127, 337, 529
Marathon, 286, 368, 403
Megalopolis, 530
Melos, Island of, 28, 278
Mycenæ, 403, 439
Sardis, Lydia, 117
Tanagra, Bœotia, 205
ITALY.
Bergamo, 403
Brescia, 337
Brionio, Veronese, 386
Ceppagna, Molise, 529
Civitanova, Piceno, 403
Cumarola, Modena, 402
Elba, Island of, 310, 367, 403
Gabbiano, Abruzzo, 529
Imola, 200
Imolese, 529
Italy, 59, 120, 126, 142, 205, 221, 287, 299, 310, 529;
Central, 403, 655;
Northern, 47, 129, 397, 402;
Southern, 396
Majorca, 357
Mantua, 391
Mercurago, Arona, 402
Perugia, 367, 396, 403, 529
Piedmont, 242
Sicily, 114
Telese, Pæstum, 327, 333, 354
Tiber Valley, 529
Tuscany, 333
Varese, Lago di, 267, 268, 396, 402
Vercelli, 333
Vibrata, Valley of, 402
PORTUGAL.
Algarve, 287
Casa da Moura, 255, 268
Leiria, 529
Portugal, 44, 133, 140, 182, 247, 284, 372, 396, 403, 463, 459, 470
Ruy Gomes, copper-mines of, Alemtejo, 234
RUSSIA.
Aleutian Islands, 48, 166
Archangel, 404
Armenia, Russian, 169
Caucasus, 169, 405
Courland, 184
Ekaterinoslav, 404
Finland, 181, 186, 215
Kiev, 358
Koulpe, salt-mines of, 169
Kozarnia, Poland, 332
Lithuania, 47, 181, 194
Livonia, 184
Moscow, 358
Olonetz, 278, 404
Russia, 181, 205, 215, 310, 355, 358, 456, 529
Siberia, 181, 245, 488
Vladimir, 78, 354, 372
Volhynia, 358
SPAIN.
Albuñol, 287
Andalusia, 105, 333, 403
Cadiz, 130
Cantabria, 65
Cerro Muriano, 234
Cordova, 234
Cueva de los Murciélagos, 262
Genista Cave, Gibraltar, 252, 287, 428, 433
Gibraltar, 177, 182
Manzanares Valley, 529, 653
Milagro, 234
San Isidro, Madrid, 529
Spain, 44, 58, 247, 252, 284, 296, 396, 403, 428
Villanueva del Rey, 234
SWITZERLAND.
Agiez, Vaud, 185
Attersee, 357
Auvernier, 310
Bodmann, 22, 357
Bully, Neufchâtel, 528
Concise, 158, 161, 232
Cortaillod, 418
Geissboden, moss of, 409
Greug, 281
Inkwyl, 348, 470
Lausanne, 327
Meilon, 323
Moosseedorf, 22
Nussdorf, 167, 246, 292, 310, 402
Robenhausen, 15, 155, 159, 432
Sipplingen, 167, 182
Swiss Lake Dwellings, 43, &c.
Switzerland, 46, 47, 51, 136, 162, 167, 170, 177, 182, 191, 232, 242,
250, 262, 267, 292, 402, 408, 443
Ueberlinger See, 167, 402
Unter Uhldingen, 16
Vaud, Canton de, 287
Wauwyl, 22
Zurich, 269
TURKEY IN EUROPE.
Armenia, 141
Avlona, Albania, 21
Crete, 28
Dardanelles, 652
Kostainicza, Turkish Croatia, 367
Transcaucasia, 287
AFRICA.
Accra, 127
Æthiopia, 368
Africa, 60, 245, 250, 410;
Northern, 284, 405, 653;
South, 155, 216, 231, 277, 337, 370, 654
Aleppo, 284
Alexandria, 169
Algeria, 182, 287, 405
Assiut, 369
Cape Colony, 653
Cape of Good Hope, 248, 310
Capetown, 288
Diamond Fields, 653
East London, 653
Egypt, 51, 60, 113, 167, 169, 214, 223, 247, 277, 284, 287, 293, 297,
320, 344, 354, 358, 359, 368, 391, 394, 395, 417, 652
Embabaan, Swaziland, 653
Gafsa, Tunis, 652
Gold Coast, 60, 127, 231
Grahamstown, 288
Helouan, Egypt, 297, 325
Issutugan River, Somaliland, 652
Kolea, Algeria, 652
Kahun, 45
Libyan Desert, 287
Madeira, 284
Medum, Egypt, 170
Natal, 322, 653
Naucratis, 242, 243
Ousidan, Algeria, 652
Palikao, Algeria, 652
Port Beaufort, Cape of Good Hope, 241
Port Elizabeth, 653
Process-fontein, Victoria West, 653
Qûrnah, Egypt, 71
Sahara, 405
Somaliland, 652, 653
Southern Shoa, 299
Spring of Moses, Cairo, 652
Teneriffe, 284
Thebes, 71;
tombs of the Kings at, 652
Tunis, 405
Wady Maghara, 6, 234, 405
AMERICA.
Alabama, 219
Alaska, 25
America,
Arctic, 355;
Central, 24, 80, 216;
North, 24, 50, 52, 85, 97, 121, 127, 165, 167, 182, 215, 231, 244, 250,
257, 264, 299, 348, 349, 353, 370, 372, 405, 406, 410, 411, 423, 428,
433, 440, 470;
South, 250, 394, 418
Araucania, 406
Arica, 407
Barbados, 182
Bolivia, 157, 169, 178, 232, 239
Brazil, 59, 157, 166
California, 37, 231, 268, 293, 409;
North, 39, 40
Canada, 182
Cape Lisburne, 37
Cayuga County, New York, 71, 244
Chili, 231, 406, 407
Chiriqui, 103
Cloud River, 25, 39
Comayagua, Spanish Honduras, 337
Copiapo, 406
Costa Rica, 141
Delaware Water Gap, 247;
River, 241
Greenland, 241, 246, 286, 294, 404, 405
Guadaloupe, 155, 218
Guiana, 169;
British, 141, 169;
Dutch, 271
Honduras, 78, 337, 353
Icy Cape, 292, 347
Jamaica, 129
Kotzebue Gulf, 38
Lake Erie, 237;
Superior, copper-mines near, 235
Merrimac Valley, 257
Mexico, 23, 24, 39, 155, 191, 216, 239, 278, 288, 289, 290, 294, 310,
354, 406, 439
Missouri, 80
Napo River, Ecuador, 170
Newfoundland, 182, 310, 406
New Granada, 407
New Jersey, 355
New Mexico, 367
New York, State of, 237
Nootka Sound, 157, 434
Ohio Valley, 50, 288
Oregon, 406
Patagonia, 322, 406, 422
Pemberton, New Jersey, 58
Pennsylvania, 268
Peru, 24, 232, 239, 407
Puget’s Sound, 166
Queen Charlotte’s Islands, 25
Quito, 142
Rio Frio, Nicaragua, 155
Rio Grande, Patagonia, 406
Rio Negro, Patagonia, 52, 406
St. George’s Sound, 235
St. Isabel, Brazil, 257
South Carolina, 136, 232, 257
Smith’s Sound, 15
Snake River, 40
Straits of de Fuca, 166
Surinam, 169
Tennessee, 171, 337
Tezcuco, Mexico, 355
Tierra del Fuego, 15, 39, 299, 406, 498
Trenton, New Jersey, 80, 654
Vancouver’s Island, 236
Victoria River, 26
Virginia, 40
West India Islands, 129
Yucatan, 78
ASIA.
Abu Shahrein, S. Babylonia, 651
Abydos, 45, 393, 395
Abyssinia, 250
Arabian Desert, 278, 286
Arconum, India, 232
Asia, 277;
Minor, 126, 127
Assam, 59, 114
Banda District, India, 325
Bethsaour, Bethlehem, 652
Bundelcund, 88
Burma, 59, 158
Cambodia, 60, 158, 181
Ceylon, 445
Euphrates Valley, 653
Ghenneh, Wady Sireh, Sinai, 405
Hissar, Damghan, Persia, 405
Hyderabad, 651
India, 62, 97, 126, 127, 140, 141, 158, 232, 262, 278, 405, 468, 481,
650, 654
Indus River, 23
Jerusalem, 652;
Nablus road from, 287
Jubbulpore, 232, 276, 288
Madras Presidency, 89, 651
Mahanuddy River, 23
Malprabba Valley, 651
Mount Lebanon, 405
Mount Sinai, 405
Mount Tabor, 652
Muquier, S. Babylonia, 114
Narbada Valley, 651
Orissa, 651
Pergamum, 232
Persia, 306
Ranchi, Chota-Nagpore, 405
Siam, 121
South Mahratta, 651
South Mirzapore, 651
Tiryns, 403
Trichinopoly, 239
Troy, site of, 187, 206, 235, 253, 297, 418, 439
Upper Scinde, 23
Vindhya Hills, 325
Yun-nan, Southern China, 110, 114, 127
OCEANIA, &c.
Admiralty Islands, 156, 288, 498
Australia, 25, 80, 82, 85, 97, 137, 166, 167, 170, 171, 243, 245, 250,
277, 288, 293
Borneo, 97
Carandotta, Australia, 293
Caroline Islands, 164
Celebes, 162
Easter Island, 289
Entrecasteaux Islands, 162
Fiji, 164
Hervey Islands, 76
Japan, 59, 97, 114, 116, 128, 181, 322, 355, 358, 405
Java, 59, 114
King George’s Sound, 293
Malay Peninsula, 121
Mangaia, 167
Murray River, Australia, 167, 293
New Caledonia, 162, 163, 164, 210, 419
New Guinea, 162, 216
New Hanover, Island of, 156
New Ireland, 167
New Zealand, 45, 48, 52, 138, 166, 172, 178, 216
Perak, 114
Polynesia, 69, 167, 420
Queensland, 293
Samoa, 439
Savage Islands, 166, 418
Solomon Islands, 182
South Sea Islands, 166
Tahiti, 167, 263, 419
Tasmania, 171, 468
Torres Straits, 216
PRINTED BY J. S. VIRTUE AND CO., LIMITED, CITY ROAD, LONDON.
NOTES—CHAPTER I.
[1] Some interesting remarks on the succession of the three periods
and the possibility of abnormal variations from it will be found in a
lecture to the Archæological Institute delivered by the late Mr. E. T.
Stevens in 1872. (_Arch. Journ._, vol. xxix., p. 393.)
[2] 1872, p. 11, _et seqq._
[3] _Mém._, vol. xii., 163.
[4] _Archæologia_, vol. ii. p. 118.
[5] p. 778.
[6] I would especially refer to an excellent article by the Rev. John
Hodgson in Vol. I. of the _Archæologia Æliana_ (A.D. 1816), entitled
“An inquiry into the æra when brass was used in purposes to which iron
is now applied.”
[7] “Op. et Di.,” I., 150.
[8] “De Rerum Nat.,” v. 1282.
[9] Suetonius, Vit. Aug., cap. lxxii. M. Salomon Reinach has disputed
my views as to the meaning of this passage, but I see no reason for
changing my opinion as to the “arma heroum” referring to “res vetustate
notabiles.” (See _Mém. de l’Acad. des Inscr._, 14th Dec., 1888.)
[10] “Laconica,” cap. 3.
[11] Op., ed. 1624, vol. i., p. 17.
[12] Wilkinson, “Anc. Egypt.,” vol. iii. p. 241.
[13] Æn., 1. vii. 743.
[14] Χαλκεύειν δὲ καὶ τὸ σιδηρεύειν ἔλεγον, καὶ χαλκεάς τοὺς τὸν
σίδηρον ἐργαζομένους, Jul. Pollux, “Onomasticon,” lib. vii. cap. 24.
[15] Macrobius, “Saturnal.,” v. 19. Rhodiginus, “Antiq. Lect.,” xix. c.
10.
[16] Met., lib. vii. 228.
[17] Homer, Il., xxiii. 826.
[18] _Zeitsch. f. Ægypt. Sprache, &c._ 1870, p. 114.
[19] _Cong. Préh. Bruxelles_, 1872, p. 242.
[20] See a valuable paper by Dr. L. Beck, _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. xii.
(1880) p. 293.
[21] See De Rougemont, “L’Age du Bronze,” p. 159.
[22] See Percy’s “Metallurgy,” vol. i. p. 873.
[23] De Rougemont, _op. cit._, p. 158. See “Ancient Bronze Imps.,” p.
6, _seqq._
[24] Photii “Bibliotheca,” _ed._ 1653, col. 1343.
[25] _Jour. Anth. Inst._, vol. xx. p. 330.
[26] Lib. i. c. 21.
[27] “Das Grabfeld von Hallstatt und dessen Alterthümer.” Vienna, 1868.
[28] London, 1881.
[29] De Nat. Deor., Lib. ii. c. 28.
[30] Lib. iv. c. 28.
[31] Lib. i. v. 66.
[32] “Early History of Mankind,” p. 218; 2nd edit. p. 221, _q. v._
[33] Lib. ii. 86.
[34] Lib. i. 91.
[35] _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. 112.
[36] Exod. iv. 25.
[37] Josh. v. 2.
[38] Ib. xxiv. 30.
[39] See also Tylor’s “Early History of Mankind,” 2nd ed., p. 217. The
entire chapter on the Stone Age, Past and Present, is well worthy of
careful perusal, and enters more fully into the whole question of the
Stone Age throughout the world than comes within my province.
[40] _C. R. du Cong. Int. des Sc. Anth._ 1878. Paris 1880, p. 280.
_Comptes Rendus de l’Acad. des Sciences_, vol. lxiii, August 28, 1871.
[41] _Comptes Rendus_, 1871, vol. lxxiii. p. 540.
[42] Livy, lib. i. c. 24.
[43] Rapt. Proserp. I. 201.
[44] “Horæ Ferales,” p. 136. _Arch. Journ._, vol. xi. p. 169.
[45] _Arch. für Anthropol._, vol. iii. 16.
[46] “Coins of the Ancient Britons,” pp. 42, 263, _et alibi_.
[47] Herodian, lib. iii. c. 14.
[48] “Cat. of Stone Ant. in R. I. A. Mus.,” p. 81.
[49] Wood’s “Nat. Hist. of Man,” i. p. 97.
[50] Klemm, “Allgemeine Culturwissenschaft,” part i. p. 86. _Proc. Soc.
Ant. Scot._, vol. x. 360.
[51] Mitchell’s “Past in the Present,” p. 10, 44. _Proc. Soc. Ant.
Scot._, vol. xix. p. 385, xx. p. 146, xxiii. p. 16.
[52] _Phil. Trans._, 1860, p. 311. _Archæologia_, vol. xxxviii. p. 293.
[53] “Prehistoric Times,” (1865), p. 60.
NOTES—CHAPTER II.
[54] This chapter was for the most part written in 1868, and
communicated to the International Congress of Prehistoric Archæology
held at Norwich in that year. See _Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 191,
where a short abstract is given.
[55] _N. and Q._ 7th S., vol. x. p. 172.
[56] _Mat._ 3me S., vol. ii. (1885) p. 61.
[57] _Op. cit._, p. 38.
[58] Spec. Naturæ, lib. ix. sect. 13.
[59] Morlot in _Rec. Arch._, vol. v. (1862), p. 216. _Geologist_,
vol. v. p. 192. Engelhardt found several similar pieces of pyrites
at Thorsbjerg, with iron and other antiquities of about the fourth
century of our era. He says that steels for striking fire are not at
present known as belonging to the Early Iron Age of Denmark. This
late use of pyrites affords strong evidence of iron and steel having
been unknown to the makers of flint implements, for had they made
use of iron hammers, the superior fire-giving properties of flint
and iron would at once have been evident, and pyrites would probably
soon have been superseded, at all events in countries where flint
abounded.—Engelhardt, “Thorsbjerg Mosefund,” p. 60; p. 65 in the
English edit. The quartz pebbles with grooves in them which belong to
the Iron Age seem, however, to have been used for producing fire by
means of a pointed steel.
[60] Weddell, “Voyage towards the South Pole,” p. 167; Tylor, “Early
History of Mankind,” 2nd edit., p. 249. Wood’s “Nat. Hist. of Man,”
vol. ii. p. 522.
[61] Hist. Nat., lib. xxxvi. cap. 19.
[62] Lib. vii. cap. 56.
[63] II. Macc. x. 3.
[64] Æneid, i. v. 174.
[65] Æneid, vi. v. 6. See also (Georg. I. 135)—“Ut silicis venis
abstrusum excuderet ignem.” On this passage Fosbroke remarks (Enc. Ant.
i. 307), “A stone with a vein was chosen as now.”
[66] Eidyllia, v. 42.
[67] Keller, “Lake-dwellings,” p. 119.
[68] Vol. ii. p. 536. Bohn’s edit., 1846.
[69] An interesting paper on tinder-boxes will be found in _The
Reliquary_, vii. p. 65. See also Mitchell’s “Past in the Present,” p.
100, and _Arch. Camb._, 5th s., vol. vii. p. 294.
[70] Stevens’. “Flint Chips,” p. 588.
[71] _Op. cit._, vol. ii., p. 537.
[72] “Classe Mathématique et Physique,” t. 3, an. ix. An abstract of
this account is given in Rees’ Encyclop., _s. v_. Gun-flint.
[73] “Physische und technische Beschreibung der Flintensteine,” &c.,
von Hacquet. Wien, 1792, 8vo. A nearly similar account is given in
Winckell’s “Handbuch für Juger,” &c., 1822, Theil iii. p. 546.
[74] Skertchly, _op. cit._, p. 78.
[75] _Mat._, 3me, s. ii., 1885, p. 61.
[76] An account of the process of making gun-flints, written by the
late Mr. James Wyatt, F.G.S., has been published in Stevens’ “Flint
Chips,” p. 578. A set of gun-flint makers’ tools is in the Musée de St.
Germain, and the process of manufacture has been described by M. G. de
Mortillet (“Promenades,” p. 69). An account of a visit to Brandon is
given by Mr. E. Lovett in _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, xxi p. 206, and an
article on “Flint-Knapping,” by Mr. H. F. Wilson, is in the _Magazine
of Art_, 1887, p. 404.
[77] See _postea_ p. 273.
[78] Petrie, “Medum,” 1892, Pl. xxix., p. 18, 34.
[79] _Nature_, vol. xxv. p. 8.
[80] P. 52.
[81] “Bosnia and Herzegovina,” 2nd ed. (1877), p. 153, _B.A. Rep._
1885, p. 1216.
[82] “Stone Age,” p. 6.
[83] “Lake-dwellings,” p. 36.
[84] _l. c._ pp. 86 and 97.
[85] _Comptes Rendus_, 1867, vol. lxv. p. 640.
[86] Troyon, “Mon. de l’Antiquité,” p. 52.
[87] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 385.
[88] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd series, vol. iii. p. 38.
[89] _Geol. Mag._, vol. iii. (1866) p. 433.
[90] “Monarquia Indiana,” lib. xvii. cap. 1, Seville, 1615, translated
by E. B. Tylor, “Anahuac,” p. 331. See a correction of Mr. Tylor’s
translation in the _Comptes Rendus_, vol. lxvii. p. 1296.
[91] Tylor’s “Anahuac,” p. 332.
[92] P. 871.
[93] _Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada_, 1889, p. 59.
[94] Tylor’s “Anahuac,” p. 99.
[95] “Last Rambles amongst the Indians,” 1868, p. 188. The whole
passage is reprinted in “Flint Chips,” p. 82.
[96] B. B. Redding in _Am. Naturalist_, Nov., 1880. _Nature_, vol. xxi.
p. 613.
[97] _Transactions of the Ethnological Society_, N. S., vol. iv. p. 242.
[98] _Op. cit._, N. S., vol. i. p. 138.
[99] “Völkerkunde,” vol. ii. (1888), p. 748.
[100] _Zeitsch. f. Ethnol._, vol. xvi. p. 222.
[101] _Rep. of U.S. Nat. Mus._, 1888, Niblack, Pl. xxii.
[102] _Rep. of Bureau of Ethn._, 1887–8, p. 95.
[103] _Anthrop. Rev._, vol. iv. p. civ. Mr. Baines has also
communicated an interesting letter on this subject, with illustrations,
to Mackie’s “Geol. Repertory,” vol. i. p. 258.
[104] _Archæologia_, vol. xl. p. 381. See also Prof. Steenstrup and Sir
John Lubbock in the _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. v. p. 221.
[105] _Arch._, vol. xlii. p. 68. _Arch. Jour._, vol. xxv. p. 88. _Suss.
Arch. Coll._, vol. xxiv. p. 145. _Jour. Anth. Inst._, vol. v. p. 357;
vi. p. 263, 430; vii. p. 413.
[106] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. ii. p. 419. See also _Proc.
Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. viii. p. 419.
[107] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. i. p. 73.
[108] Pennant describes a flint axe as having been found stuck in a
vein of coal exposed to the day in Craig y Parc, Monmouthshire.
[109] “Rapport sur les Découvertes Géologiques et Archéologiques faites
à Spiennes en 1867.” Par A. Briart, F. Cornet, et A. Houzeau de Lehaie.
Mons, 1868. Malaise, _Bull. de l’Ac. Roy. de Belg._, 2° S. vols. xxi.
and xxv., and _Geol. Mag._, vol. iii. p. 310. See also _Cong. Préh.
Bruxelles_, 1872, p. 279; _l’Anthropologie_, vol. ii. p. 326. _Mat._
3me s. vol. i. (1884), p. 65, likewise _Bull. de la Soc. d’Anthrop.
de Bruxelles_, tom. viii. 1889–90, Pl I. C. Engelhardt has described
Spiennes and Grime’s Graves in the _Aarb. for Oldkynd._, 1871, p. 327.
What appears to have been a neolithic flint mine at Crayford, Kent, has
been described by Mr. Spurrell, _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxxvii. p. 332.
The Deneholes were probably dug for the extraction of chalk and not of
flint.
[110] _l’Anthropologie_, vol. ii. (1891) 445.
[111] _Mat._, 3me s. vol. iv. (1887) p. 1.
[112] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxviii. 220.
[113] Cochet, “Seine Inf.,” pp. 16. 528. _Archivio per l’Antropol.,
&c._, vol. i. p. 489.
[114] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxx. (1896) p. 346.
[115] _Mat._, vol. x. (1875) p. 521.
[116] Lartet and Christy’s Rel. Aquit., p. 13.
[117] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N.S., vol. i. p. 139. See also _Rev.
Arch._, vol. iii. (1861) p. 341.
[118] “Rel. Aquit.,” p. 18. For the loan of this cut I am indebted to
the executors of the late Henry Christy. The same specimen has been
engraved by the Rev. J. G. Wood. “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 717.
Another example from Greenland is figured in _Mat._, vol. vi. p. 140.
[119] Gastaldi’s “Lake Habitations of Northern and Central Italy,”
translated and edited by C. H. Chambers, M.A. (Anth. Soc., 1865), p.
106.
[120] Mortillet, _Mat. pour l’Hist. de l’Homme_, vol. ii. p. 517.
[121] “Flint Chips,” p. 78.
[122] _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. vii, p. 263. _Bull. U.S. Geol. and Geog.
Survey_, vol. iii. p. 547.
[123] _Nat._, vol. xxi. p. 615.
[124] _Nat._, vol. xxii. p. 97.
[125] _Amer. Anthrop._, 1895, p. 307. _Nat._, vol. xx. p. 483.
[126] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. iii. p. 365. “Rel. Aquit.,” p.
17.
[127] “Articles on Anth. Sub.,” 1882, p. 9.
[128] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. p. 212.
[129] Sixth voyage, “Pinkerton’s Travels,” vol. xiii. p. 36, quoted
also in “Flint Chips,” p. 79.
[130] Bracer, a girdle or bandage.
[131] Schoolcraft, “Indian Tribes,” vol. iii. p. 81; see also 467.
[132] _Arch. Journ._, vol. liii. 1896, p. 51.
[133] P. 46.
[134] Mortillet, _Matériaux_, vol. ii. p. 353.
[135] “Pfahlbauten, 1ter Bericht,” p. 71. “Lake-dwellings,” pp. 18,
125. See also Lindenschmit, “Hohenz. Samml.,” taf. xxvii.
[136] _Proc. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. p. 47.
[137] _Anzeiger für Schweiz. Alterth._, 1870, p. 123.
[138] “Habit. Lacust.,” p. 19.
[139] See _Comptes Rendus_, vol. lxvii. p. 1292, where a suggestion is
made of some stone implements from Java having been sawn in this manner.
[140] An article by Dr. Rudolf Much on the preparation of Stone
Implements is in the _Mitth. d. Auth. Ges. in Wien_, 2d. S., vol. ii.
(1883), p. 82; and one by Mr. J. D. McGuire, in the _Amer. Anthrop._,
vol. v., 1892, p. 165. He has also written on the Evolution of the Art
of Working in Stone, in a manner that has called forth a reply from Mr.
C. H. Read, F.S.A., _Amer. Anthrop._, 1893, p. 307; 1894. p. 997.
[141] “Illahun, Kahun, and Gurob,” 1891, p. 51.
[142] Fischer in _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. xv., 1884, p. 463.
[143] _The Reliquary_, vol. viii. p. 184.
[144] _Matériaux_, vol. iv. p. 293.
[145] “Prehist. Ann. of Scotland.” 2nd edit., vol. i. p. 193.
[146] “Cat. Stone Ant. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 78.
[147] P. 26.
[148] _Matériaux_, vol. i. p. 463; vol. iii. p. 307.
[149] _Anz. f. Schweiz. Alt._, 1870, pl. xii. 18–20.
[150] _Archivio per l’Ant. e la Etn._, vol. xx. 1890, p. 378.
[151] “Primeval Ants. of Denmark.” p. 16.
[152] P. 392. _Archiv für Anthrop._, vol. iii. p. 187.
[153] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. iii. pp. 228, 466.
[154] Tylor, “Early Hist, of Mankind,” p. 248.
[155] Wilkinson, “Anc. Egyptians,” vol. ii. pp. 180, 181; vol. iii. pp.
144, 172.
[156] Odyss., ix. 384.
[157] 2nd ed., pp. 341 _et seqq._; see also “Flint Chips,” p. 96.
[158] _Rep. U. S. Nat. Mus._ for 1894, p. 623.
[159] “Guide ill. du Mus. des Ant. du Nord,” 2nd edit. p. 8.
[160] _Anzeiger f. Schweiz. Alt._, 1870, pl. xii. 24. Munro’s “Lake
Dw.,” fig. 24, No. 12.
[161] Keller’s “Lake-dwellings,” p. 22. 1ter Bericht, p. 74. See also
_Anzeiger für Schweiz. Alterth._, 1870, p. 139.
[162] _Aarsb. Soc. Nor. Ant._, 1877, pl. i. 5. Montelius, “Ant. Suéd.,”
1874, fig. 34.
[163] _Morgenblatt_, No. 253.
[164] “Allgemeine Culturwissenschaft,” vol. i. p. 80. See also
Preusker, “Blicke in die Vaterländische Vorzeit,” vol. i. p. 173.
[165] _Mém. de la Soc. des Ant. du Nord_, 1863, p. 149.
[166] “Heidnische Alterthümer,” p. 66.
[167] “Alterthümer. u. h. V.,” vol. i. Heft viii. Taf. i.
[168] “Frederico-Francisceum,” p. 111.
[169] _Journal of the Anthrop. Soc._, vol. vi. p. xlii.
[170] “Archæol. Undersögelser,” 1884.
[171] “Smithson. Report,” 1868, p. 399. “Drilling in Stone without
Metal.”
[172] Schoolcraft, “Indian Tribes,” vol. i. p. 93.
[173] _Anzeiger f. Schweiz. Alt._, 1870, p. 143.
[174] _Mitth. d. Anth. Ges. in Wien_, vol. vii. (1878), p. 96.
[175] “Habitations Lacustres,” p. 66. _Rev. Arch._, 1860, vol. i. p. 39.
[176] _Matériaux_, vol. iii. p. 264.
[177] Ibid., vol. iii. p. 294.
[178] “Les Palafittes,” p. 19.
[179] Keller, “Lake Dwellings,” xxv. 1. 7, p. 91.
[180] _Op. cit._, xxvii. 11, 24, p. 110.
[181] _Brit. Assoc. Rep._, 1881, p. 698.
[182] “Thor’s Donnerkeil,” p. 13.
[183] “Stone Age,” p. 79. The boring-tool is, in the English edition,
mistakenly called a centre-bit.
[184] “Stone Age,” p. 80.
[185] Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 157.
[186] “Mœurs des Sauv. Amér.,” 1724, vol. ii. p. 110. “Flint Chips,” p.
525.
[187] Tylor, “Early Hist. of Mankind,” 2nd edit., p. 191. Wallace,
“Travels on the Amazon and Rio Negro,” p. 278.
[188] C. C. Abbott in _Nature_, vol. xiv. p. 154.
NOTES—CHAPTER III.
[189] Cap. xix. v. 24. It also occurs in a quotation of the passage by
St. Jerome, in his “Epist. ad Pammachium.” See _Athenæum_, June 11,
1870.
[190] P. 329, 1. 23.
[191] Vol. iii. p. 418.
[192] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S. vol. vii. p. 395.
[193] _N. and Q._, 5th S. vol. ix. p. 463.
[194] _Op. cit._, x. p. 73.
[195] _Mitth. d. Anth. Ges. in Wien_, vol. xxiv. (1894) p. 84.
[196] _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. x. (1876) p. 140.
[197] Barnes, “Notes on Ancient Britain,” 1858, p. 15.
[198] Tylor, “Early Hist. of Man.,” 2nd ed. p. 226, which also see for
many of the facts here quoted. See also Tylor’s “Prim. Culture,” vol.
ii. p. 237, &c.
[199] Halliwell, “Rambles in West Cornwall,” 1861, p. 205. _Rev.
Celt._, 1870, p. 6. Polwhele’s “Traditions, &c.,” 1826, vol. ii. p.
607. _Folk-lore Journ._, vol. i. p. 191.
[200] Sibbald mentions two perforated _cerauniæ_ found in Scotland.
“Prod. Nat. Hist. Scot.,” ii. lib. iv. p. 49. See also _Proc. Soc. Ant.
Scot._, vol. xxiv. p. 379.
[201] _Comptes Rendus_, 1864, vol. lix. p. 713. Cochet, “Seine Inf.,”
p. 15. B. de Perthes, “Ant. Celt, et Antéd.,” vol. i. p. 522, &c.
[202] F. C. Lukis, F.S.A., in _Reliquary_, viii. p. 208.
[203] _Bull., Soc. de Borda, Dax_, 1894, p. 159. See also De Nadaillac,
“Les Premiers Hommes,” vol. i. p. 12; Cartailhac, “La France préh.,” p.
4.
[204] Ibid.
[205] Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pp. 199–201.
[206] “Mus. Wormianum,” p. 74.
[207] Preusker, “Blicke in die Vaterländische Vorzeit,” vol. i. p. 170.
[208] “Old Northern Runic Monuments,” p. 205. _Ant. Tidsskr._, 1852–54,
p. 258. Sjöborg, “Samlingar för Nordens Förnälskara,” vol. iii. p. 163.
[209] _Ant. Tidsskr._, 1852–54, p. 8. _Mém. de la Soc. des Ant. du
Nord_, 1850–60, p. 28.
[210] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 116.
[211] “Preh. Man,” vol. ii. p. 185.
[212] _Jahrb. d. V. v. Alth. am Rheinl._, Heft lxxvii. 1884, p. 216,
lxxix. 1885, p. 280.
[213] _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. xxii. 1894, Corr. Bl. p. 102.
[214] _Mitth. d. Anth. Ges. in Wien_, 1882, p. 159. _Zeitsch. f. Eth._,
vol. xii. 1880, p. 252.
[215] _Notes and Queries_, 2nd S., vol. viii. p. 92.
[216] Tylor, “Early Hist. of Man.,” p. 227.
[217] _Ann. for Nord. Oldk._, 1838, p. 159. Klemm., “C. G.,” vol. i. p.
268. Prinz Neuwied, ii. p. 35.
[218] Nicolucci, “di Alcune Armi, &c., in Pietra,” 1863, p. 2.
[219] “Mus. Mosc.,” 1672, p. 144.
[220] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xv. p. 358; xvi. p. 145. Finlay, “Πρόιστ.
Ἀρχάιολ.,” p. 5.
[221] Alexius, Lib. iii. p. 93, _et seqq._, quoted by Gibbon, “Dec. and
Fall,” c. 56.
[222] Cartailhac, p. 4.
[223] “Early Hist. of Mankind,” p. 211. Klemm, “Cultur-Geschichte,”
vol. vi. p. 467.
[224] Tylor, _op. cit._ 214.
[225] Franks, _Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 260.
[226] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xxvii. 1895, p. 326.
[227] _Notes and Queries_, 2nd S., vol. viii. p. 92. _Arch. Journ._,
vol. xi. p. 121.
[228] _Arch. für Anthrop._, vol. iv. _Corr. Blatt_, p. 48. Rumphius,
“Curios. Amboin.,” p. 215.
[229] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2d S., vol. iii. p. 97.
[230] _Proc. Ethnol. Soc._, 1870, p. lxii. _Jour. Anth. Inst._, vol. i.
p. lxi.
[231] _Proc. As. Soc. Beng._, July, 1869. _Nature_, vol. ii. p. 104.
[232] Noulet, “L’âge de la pierre en Cambodge,” Toulouse, 1877.
[233] Morlot, _Actes de la Soc. jurass. d’Emul._, 1863. Earl, “Native
Races of the Indian Archip.,” vol. v. p. 84.—Von Siebold, _Nature_,
vol. xxxiv. 1886, p. 52.
[234] _Nature_, vol. xxxii. 1885, p. 626.
[235] _Proc. As. Soc. Bengal_, 1861, p. 81. Do., 1862, p. 325.
[236] “Ausland,” 1874, p. 82.
[237] Rev. T. J. Bowen, “Gram. and Dict. of Yoruba Language.”
“Smithsonian Contr.,” vol. i. p. xvi., quoted by Dr. E. B. Tylor,
_Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 14.
[238] _Jour. Anth. Inst._, vol. xii. p. 450.
[239] _Arch. per l’Ant. e la Etn._, vol. xiv. (1884), p. 371.
[240] 1882, p. 111.
[241] Vol. iii. 1868, p. 1.
[242] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 151.
[243] Ibid. p. 103.
[244] _Matériaux_, vol. iv. p. 9.
[245] _Mat._, vol. xi. p. 538.
[246] _Mat._, vol. xiv. p. 274. _Bull. della Comm. Arch. Comunal. di
Roma_, 1870.
[247] “Quæst. Græc.,” ed. 1624, p. 301.
[248] _Congrès Intern. d’Anth. et d’Arch. Préh._, 1867, pp. 39, 40.
[249] Kruse. “Necroliv.,” Nachtrag, p. 21. _Journ. As. Soc. Beng._,
vol. v. p. 34.
[250] See also Tylor, _l. c._, p. 228.
[251] “Metallotheca Vaticana,” p. 242. De Rossi, “Scoperte
Paleoetnol.,” 1867, p. 11. _Mat._, vol. x. p. 49.
[252] “Lithographia Angerburgica,” cited in _Mat._, vol. x. 297.
[253] “Hist. et Mém.,” vol. xii. p. 163. _Mat._, vol. x. 146.
[254] P. 397.
[255] No. 201.
[256] Aldrovandus, “Mus. Met.,” 1648, p. 607–611. Gesner, “de Fig.
Lapid.,” p. 62–64. Boethius, “Hist. Gem.,” lib. ii. c. 261. Besler,
“Gazophyl. Rer. Nat.,” tab. 34. Wormius, “Musæum,” lib. i. sec. 2,
c. 12, p. 75. Moscardi, “Musæo,” 1672, p. 148. Lachmund, “de foss.
Hildeshem.,” p. 23. Tollius “Gemm. et lapid. Historia,” Leiden, 1647,
p. 480. De Laet, “de Gemm. et lapid.,” Leiden, 1647, p. 155.
[257] Gesner, “de Fossilibus,” p. 62 _verso_.
[258] “De re metallicâ,” Basel, 1657, pp. 609, 610.
[259] “Marbodæi Galli Cænomanensis de gemmarum lapidumque pretiosorum
formis, &c.” (Cologne, 1539), p. 48.
[260] “Hist. Nat.,” lib. xxxvii. c. 9. For a series of interesting
Papers on “La Foudre, &c., dans l’Antiquité,” see M. Henri Martin in
the _Rev. Arch._, vol. xii. _et seqq._
[261] An interesting paper on “Bætuli” by Mr. G. F. Hill, is in the
_Reliquary and Illustrated Archæologist_, vol. ii. 1896, p. 23.
[262] Geason, Scarce. “Scant and geason.” Harrison’s
“England.”—Halliwell, _Dict. of Archaic Words_, s. v.
[263] “Nec multo post in Cantabriæ lacum fulmen decidit, repertæque
sunt duodecim secures, haud ambiguum summi imperii signum,” Galba,
viii. c. 4.
[264] See _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. iii. p. 127, and Wilde’s “Cat. R.
I. A.,” p. 72.
[265] _Comptes Rendus de l’Ac. des Sci._, 1865, vol. lxi. pp. 313, 357;
1866, lxiii. p. 1038.
NOTES—CHAPTER IV.
[266] Madsen, “Afbild.,” pl. iii. 1 to 3. _Kgl. Danske Vidensk.
Selskabs Forhand._, 1861, Fig. 1.
[267] De Baye, “l’Arch. préhist.,” p. 55.
[268] Lubbock, Preh. Times, 4th ed., p. 100.
[269] _Kgl. Danske Vidensk. Selskabs Forh._, 1861, p. 342.
[270] _Aarb. for. Nord. Oldk._, 1891, p. 383. See also S. Müller, _Mém.
des Ant. du Nord_, 1884–89, p. 371; _Aarb._, 1888, p. 238.
[271] “Archæol. Undersögelser,” 1884, p. 3.
[272] _Jour. Anth. Inst._, vol. ii., p. 368, pl. xxi.
[273] _Smithsonian Report_, 1863, p. 379; 1868, p. 401. “Flint Chips,”
445.
[274] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v., p. 331.
[275] Vol. xix., 53; xxxii., 173.
[276] “Nænia Cornubiæ,” p. 194.
[277] The discoveries of Mr. Worthington Smith at Caddington, a few
miles from Dunstable, suggest the possibility of this specimen being,
after all, palæolithic.
[278] _Jour. Eth. Soc._, N. S., vol. ii., pl. xxviii. 7.
[279] _Arch._, vol. xlii., pl. viii. 10, 11.
[280] _Arch. Assoc. Jour._, vol. xlv., p. 114.
[281] _Arch._, vol. xlii., pl. viii. 17.
[282] _Arch. Jour._, vol. xxxi., p. 301.
[283] “Exc. on Cranborne Chase,” vol. ii., pl. xc.
[284] See also Chichester vol. of Arch. Inst., p. 61.
[285] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. x., p. 34.
[286] Rev. W. W. Gill, LL.D., _Rep. Austral. Assoc. for the Adv. of
Science_, vol. iv., 1892, p. 613.
[287] Low’s Tour., quoted in _Folklore Jour._, vol. i., p. 191.
[288] _Aarb. f. Nord. Oldk._, 1886, p. 200; _Mèm. Soc. R. des Ant. du
Nord_, 1886–91, p. 227; _Mat._, 3rd. S., vol. v., 1888, p. 105.
[289] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iv., p. 521.
[290] Vol. vi., p. iii.
[291] _Jour. Eth. Soc._, vol. ii., pl. xxviii. 4, 5.
[292] Watelet, “Age de Pierre du Dép. de l’Aisne,” &c.
[293] “Restes de l’Ind., &c.,” pl. xiii. 1.
[294] _Trans. Herts Nat. Hist. Soc._, vol. viii., 1896, pl. xi. 1.
[295] See _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v., p. 113; _Arch. Jour._,
vol. xxx., p. 28.
[296] _Zeitsch. f. Eth._, vol. xii., p. 237.
[297] _Cong. Préh. Moscou_, 1893, p. 249.
[298] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v., p. 94; _Arch. Jour._, vol.
xxx., p. 35.
[299] _Suss. Arch. Coll._, vol. ii., p. 268.
[300] Vol. xlii., p. 53; xlv., p. 337.
[301] _Arch._, vol. xlii., pl. viii. 1.
[302] “Reliq. Aquit.,” A., pl. v.
[303] _Jour. Anth. Soc._, 1869, p. cxii.
[304] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. iii., p. 269.
[305] _Smiths. Inst. Rep._, 1894.
[306] Vol. xlii., pl. viii. 18.
[307] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 36.
[308] _Arch._, vol. xlii. pl. viii. 21.
[309] _Trans. Norf. and Norw. Naturalists’ Soc._, vol. v., 1891, p. 250.
[310] Vol. xv., p. 122, pl. ii., iii., iv., v.
[311] “South Wilts,” p. 75, pl. v., vi., vii.
NOTES—CHAPTER V.
[312] _Arch._, vol. xv., pl. iv. 1. Hoare’s “South Wiltshire,” pl. v.
1. “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” No. 9_b_.
[313] _Arch. Assoc. Jour._, vol. xxxvii., 1881, p. 214.
[314] _Arch. Jour._, vol. xxxi., pp. 296, 301.
[315] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xiv., p. 265; xxiv., p. 6.
[316] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix., p. 258.
[317] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xi., p. 24.
[318] “Vest. Ant. Derb.” p. 43. Cat., p. 31.
[319] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi., p. 178.
[320] See _Cambridge Antiq. Comms._, vol. ii, 285, where there is a
woodcut of the skull, and _Geol. Mag._, Dec. II., vol. i. p. 494.
[321] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, 1869, vol. ii., pl. xv., fig. 11.
[322] _Proc. Soc. Ant., Scot._, vol. xiv., p. 265.
[323] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 406.
[324] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, 1869, vol. ii., fig. 7.
[325] A large celt formed of “indurated clay-stone with garnets,” is
mentioned by Mr. F. C. Lukis, F.S.A., as having been found in the
Channel Islands (_Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. iii. 128).
[326] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. p. 101.
[327] _P. S. A. S._, vol. vii. 213.
[328] _Proc. Ethnol. Soc._, 1870, p. xxxix.
NOTES—CHAPTER VI.
[329] “Man the Primeval Savage,” p. 310.
[330] See “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 8.
[331] Vol. xvii., pl. xiv. “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 10.
[332] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxviii., p. 242.
[333] _Surr. Arch. Coll._, vol. xi. pp. 247, 248.
[334] _Arch. Journ._, vol. ix. p. 194. “Salisbury vol.,” p. 112.
[335] _Arch. Æliana_, vol. v. p. 102.
[336] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xx. p. 192.
[337] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S. vol. ix. p. 71.
[338] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxx. p. 284.
[339] Anderson’s “Croydon: Preh. and Present,” pl. ii.
[340] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xvi. 437.
[341] L. Simonin, “La Vie Souterraine,” &c., 1867. Mortillet, _Mat._,
vol. iii. p. 101.
[342] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii., pl. x. 1, p. 164.
[343] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xlviii. p. 436.
[344] Pp. 577, 578.
[345] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v., p. 34.
[346] _Arch. Journ._ vol. xxvii. p. 238.
[347] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ix. p. 71.
[348] _Arch._, vol. xliii. p. 406.
[349] _Arch._, vol. xii. pl. ii. 1.
[350] _Arch._, vol. vii. p. 414; _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. vi. 37.
[351] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxvi. p. 175; xxviii. p. 322.
[352] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xvii. p. 382; xxviii. p. 329.
[353] _Op. cit._, vol. x. p. 600; xvii. p. 383.
[354] _Op. cit._, vol. ix. p. 346; xvii. p. 384.
[355] _Op. cit._, vol. xxiii. p. 272.
[356] _Ibid._
[357] Bonstetten, “Supp. au Rec. d’Ant. Suisses,” pl. ii. 1.
[358] _Proc. Ethnol. Soc._, 1870, p. cxxxvii.
[359] Mortillet, “Promenades,” p. 145; “Mus. Préh.,” No. 459.
[360] See the account of the discovery, _Rev. Arch._, 3rd S., vol.
xxiv. (1894), p. 260.
[361] “L’homme Fossile,” 2nd Ed., p. 147.
[362] Van Overloop. Pl. ix. and x.
[363] Lindenschmit, “Alt. u. H. V.,” vol. i., Heft. vol. ii., Taf. i.
19, &c.
[364] Voss. “Phot. Album,” vol. vi., sec. vi.
[365] _Jahrb. d. V. v. Alt. im Rh._, L. p. 290.
[366] xix. p. 119. See also, for the origin of Jade, Fischer’s “Jadeit
und Nephrit,” Westropp in _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. x. p. 359, and
Rudler in _Brit. Assoc. Rep._, 1890, p. 971.
[367] _Mitth. d. Ant. Ges. in Wien_, N. S., vol. iii. 1883, p. 213–216.
[368] _Op. cit._, N. S., vol. v. 1885, p. 1.
[369] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. x., p. 359; xx. p. 332; xxi., pp. 319,
493; _Aarbög. f. Oldkynd._, 1889, p. 149.
[370] Calcutta, 1871.
[371] Vol. xvi., pl. lii. p. 361.
[372] Canon Greenwell, F.R.S.
[373] Mr. James Brown.
[374] Mr. Frank Buckland, F.Z.S.
[375] Rev. S. Banks.
[376] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol^1 xvi. p. 408.
[377] “Stone Age,” p. 63.
[378] Vol. iv. p. 2.
[379] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iii. p. 486.
[380] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xiii. p. 306.
[381] _Z. f. Eth._, 1878. Supp. pl. iii.
[382] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 14.
[383] _Nature_, vol. xxx. p. 515. See also _Archiv. f. Anth._, vol.
xvi. p. 241, and _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ix. p. 211.
[384] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. xvii. p. 66.
[385] _Proc. As. Soc. Beng._, Sept., 1870. _Proc. Ethnol. Soc._, 1870,
p. lxii.
[386] Kanda’s, “Stone Implements of Japan,” _Nature_, vol. xxxi. p.
538; _Cong. Préh. Bruxelles_, 1872, p. 337.
[387] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxvi., p. 404.
[388] _Tr. Dev. Assoc._, vol. xix. p. 56.
[389] See “Acct. of Soc. Ant. of Scot.,” p. 55.
[390] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 11.
[391] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 13. _Arch. Journ._, vol. xv. p. 178.
[392] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 7.
[393] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 389.
[394] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xv., p. 232.
[395] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, vol. iii. p. 225.
[396] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix. p. 174.
[397] _Journ. Ethn. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 165.
[398] _Journ. Ethn. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 165.
[399] _Mem. Accad. R. di Torino_, Ser. 2, vol. xxvi., Tav. iv. 4.
[400] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i., pl. xi. 3; xiv. 2.
[401] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. x. p. 105.
[402] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. ii. 5.
[403] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xvii. pp. 14, 15, 18, 19.
[404] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. vi. p. 235.
[405] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. ii. pl. xxx. 3.
[406] Dawkins’ “Cave-hunting,” p. 157. _Arch. Camb._, 4th S., vol.
iii., 1872, p. 30.
[407] See Schliemann’s “Mycenæ,” p. 76; “Troy,” p. 71; _Rev. Arch._,
vol. xxxiv. p. 163, &c., &c.
[408] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. p. 91. Other North American
celts are engraved in the “Anc. Mon. of the Miss. Valley,” pp. 217,
218; Squier, “Abor. Mon. of New York,” p. 77.
[409] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. i. p. xcvi., pl. ii. _Brit. Assoc.
Rep._, 1870, p. 154.
[410] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. xii. p. 449, pl. xiii.
[411] “Anc. Mon. of Miss. Val.,” p. 215, fig. 106.
[412] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xv. p. 245.
[413] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxvii. p. 370.
[414] Wilson’s “Preh. Man,” vol. i. p. 154. See _postea_, p. 150.
[415] Vol. xvii. p. 222.
[416] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. v. pp. 300, 442.
[417] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxix. p. 343. Cumming’s “Churches and
Ants. of Cury and Gunwalloe,” 1875, p. 66.
[418] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 62: xi. p. 514.
[419] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xi. p. 514.
[420] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. p. 207.
[421] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xvii. p. 16.
[422] “Acct. of Soc. Ant. of Scot.,” 1782, p. 91.
[423] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xvii. p. 15.
[424] Vol. vi., 1865.
[425] _Arch._, vol. xliv. p. 281.
[426] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. vi. p. 438.
[427] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix. p. 174.
[428] “Etudes Paléoethnol.,” pl. viii. 5.
[429] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. p. 46.
[430] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 179.
[431] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xvii. p. 14.
[432] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xii. p. 119; xxiii. p. 201.
[433] _Mat._ vol. xiii. p. 135; xv. p. 462. “Mus. préh.,” No. 463.
[434] Jan. 7, 1868. See also _Reliquary_, vol. viii. p. 184.
[435] “Mus. préh.,” No. 430.
[436] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. ii., pl. xliv.
[437] “Anc. Mon. of Miss. Valley,” p. 218.
[438] Lubbock “Preh. Times,” 4th ed. p. 513, figs. 215, 216.
[439] _Arch. Journ._, vol. viii. p. 422.
[440] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. x. p. 509. Dalgarno, “Notes on
Slains, &c.,” 1876, p. 6.
[441] _P.S.A.S._, vol. xviii. p. 77.
[442] Lubbock, _op. cit._, p. 102, fig. 111–113.
[443] “Vestiges of the Ants. of Derb.,” p. 53.
[444] _Mat._ vol. xvi. p. 464.
[445] Im Thurn, “Among the Indians of Guiana,” 1883, pl. x. 4.
[446] Chantre, “Le Caucase,” 1885, pl. ii. 9.
[447] “Indicateur Arch. de Civrui,” 1865, p. 271.
[448] _Mat._ 3rd S., vol. i., 1884, p. 243.
[449] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. i., p. 281.
[450] Bonstetten, “Supp. au Rec. d’Ant. Suisses,” pl. ii., 1.
[451] _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S., vol. vi., p. 303. Watelet, “Age de Pierre
dans le Dépt. de l’Aisne,” pl. v. 9. “Ep. Antéd. et Celt. de Poitou,”
pl. x. 7. _Rev. Arch._, vol xii., pl. xv., i.; _op. cit._, vol. xv.,
pl. viii. and x. Lindenschmit, “Hohenz. Samml.,” Taf. xliii., No. 12. I
have an example that I bought in Florence.
[452] Wilde, “Cat. Mus. R. I. Ac.,” p. 44.
[453] “Vest. Ant. Derb.,” p. 6.
[454] _Journ. Ethn. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 157.
[455] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxxix. p. 344.
[456] “South Wilts,” p. 75. _Arch._, vol. xv. p. 122.
[457] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. vi. p. 3.
[458] _Arch. Journ._, vol. x. p. 161.
[459] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 396.
[460] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. 48.
[461] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vi. p. 17; xvii. 170.
[462] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xii. p. 177.
[463] _Sussex Arch. Coll._, vol. ii. p. 258.
[464] _Arch._, vol. xix. p. 183.
[465] _Surrey Arch. Coll._, 1868, pl. iii. 6.
[466] “Exc. on Cranborne Chase,” vol. i. pl. lvii.
[467] “Durobrivæ,” pl. xxix. 4.
[468] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. i. p. 249.
[469] Douglas, “Nænia,” p. 92.
[470] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xx. p. 322.
[471] _Rev. Arch._, vol. iv. p. 484.
[472] _Ann. for Nordisk Oldkynd._, 1838–9, p. 176.
[473] _Cong. Intern. d’Anth. et d’Arch. Préh._, 1867, p. 119.
[474] Kirchner has collected a number of cases.—“Thor’s Donner-Keil,”
p. 27.
[475] “Dictionarium Saxonico-et Gothico-Latinum,” _s. v._
[476] “Twybyl, a wryhtys instrument,” is in the “Promptorium
Parvulorum” translated _bisacuta_ or _biceps_, and “Twybyl or mattoke,”
_Marra_, or _ligo_.
[477] 1855, vol. ii. p. 811.
[478] Vol. xi., 1876, p. 385.
[479] _Mitth. d. Anth. Gesellsch. in Wien_, vol. vii., 1878, p. 7.
[480] O’Curry, “Mann. and Cust. of the Anc. Irish,” vol. i. p.
cccclviii.
[481] Wright’s “The Celt, the Roman, and the Saxon,” p. 72.
[482] “Stone Age,” p. 73.
[483] “Georg.,” lib. i. 62.
[484] See p. 105 _supra_.
[485] A woodcut of these is given in the _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol.
iv. p. 105. The objects are now in the British Museum.
[486] “South Wilts,” p. 85.
[487] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 221.
[488] _Ibid._, p. 222.
[489] “Vestiges of the Ant. of Derbyshire,” p. 53.
[490] _Ibid._, p. 42.
[491] “Vestiges of the Ant. of Derbyshire,” p. 49.
[492] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 216.
[493] Vol. viii. p. 86.
[494] _Suss. Arch. Coll._ vol. xxxii. p. 175.
[495] P. 112 _supra_.
[496] P. 135. See _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 179.
[497] “Cat. Arch. Inst. Mus. at Edinburgh,” p. 8.
[498] _Arch. Journ._, vol. viii. p. 422.
[499] “Cat. A. I. Mus. at Edin.,” p. 10.
[500] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. i. p. 82.
[501] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 159.
[502] Vol. i. p. 53. See p. 129, _supra_. _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol.
i. p. 44.
[503] _Arch._, vol. xli. p. 405.
[504] “Horæ Fer.,” p. 134. _Trans. Hist. Soc. Lanc. and Chesh._, vol.
xiv. pl. ii. 3.
[505] Vol. iv. 112.
[506] “Stone Age,” Eng. ed., p. 65.
[507] Vol. xliv., pl. viii. fig. 3.
[508] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xviii. p. 268. Mus. Préh. No. 442.
[509] Cartailhac, “La France préh.,” p. 237.
[510] _Suss. Arch. Coll._, vol. xxxix. p. 97.
[511] _Lit. Gaz._, 1822, p. 605, quoted in _N. and Q._, 2nd S., vol.
vi. p. 32.
[512] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix. p. 460.
[513] _Op. cit._, vol. xxx. p. 6.
[514] “La Suède préhist.,” 1874, p. 21.
[515] “Musée préhist.,” 1881, No. 428.
[516] Wilde, “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 46.
[517] _Arch. Journ._, vol. iv. p. 3.
[518] Wood Martin’s “Lake-dw. of Irel.,” 1886, p. 59, pl. vi. 7.
[519] Keller’s “Lake-Dwellings,” Eng. ed., pl. x. 14.
[520] _Ibid._, pl. xi. 1.
[521] Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. i. pp. 321, 404.
[522] Squier, “Abor. Mon. of New York,” p. 180.
[523] _Mitth. d. Ant. Ges. in Wien_, vol. ix., 1880, p. 135, pl. i.
[524] “Aventures du Sieur C. le Beau,” Amsterdam, 1738, p. 235. Quoted
in _Arch. per l’Ant. e la Et._, vol. xiv. p. 372.
[525] Quoted in “Anc. Mon. of Miss. Valley,” p. 198.
[526] _Zeitsch. f. Eth._, vol. xxiv., 1892, p. (229), pl. v. 2.
[527] Ratzel, “Völkerk,” vol. ii. p. 246.
[528] _Intern. Arch. f. Eth._, vol. ii. p. 272. _Arch. per l’Ant. e la
Etn._, vol. xx. p. 65.
[529] 2nd S., vol. i. p. 102. See also Ratzel, “Völkerk.,” vol. ii. p.
582.
[530] _Int. Arch. f. Ethn._, vol. iii. p. 195.
[531] “Musæum Metallicum,” p. 158.
[532] It has also been figured by Klemm, “Cult.-Wiss.,” vol. i. fig.
136.
[533] “Cult.-Gesch.,” vol. ii. Taf. vi. a.b.
[534] See _Int. Arch. f. Eth., Bd._ ix., Supp. pl. iii.
[535] Klemm’s “Allgemeine Cultur-Wiss.,” vol. i. p. 71, whence I have
copied the figure. See also “Cult.-Gesch.,” vol. ii., p. 352.
[536] Skelton’s “Meyrick’s Armour,” pl., cl. 1.
[537] “Lake-Dwellings,” pl. x. 7; 5ter “Bericht,” pl. x. 17. Another
from St. Aubin is engraved by Chantre, “Etudes Paléoethn.,” pl. xi.
Keller has published several others. See also “Ant. Lac. du Mus. de
Lausanne,” 1896, pl. iii.
[538] “Palafittes,” fig. 17. See also Troyon, “Habit. Lacust.”;
but some of his engravings, like those of Meillet in the “Epoques
Antédil. et Celtique de Poitou,” appear to have been made from modern
fabrications.
[539] Keller, “Lake-Dwellings,” pl. xxii. 7. “Mus. de Lausanne,” 1896,
pl. iii.
[540] Wilde’s “Cat. Mus. R.I.A.,” p. 251; Lindenschmit, “Sigmaringen,”
pl. xxix. 7; Keller, “Lake-Dwellings,” pl. ii.
[541] _Ibid._, pl. xxii. 12.
[542] “Note sur un Foyer, &c.,” Châlon, 1870. pl. iv.
[543] Cochet, “Seine Inf.,” 2nd ed., p. 16.
[544] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xv. p. 364, pl. viii.; Mortillet,
“Promenades,” p. 123.
[545] _Matériaux_, vol. v. p. 96.
[546] Vol. xxi. p. 54. See also vol. xiv. p. 82.
[547] Hoare’s “South Wilts.” pl. xxi.
[548] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxi. p. 54.
[549] B. de Perthes’ “Antiquités Celtiques, &c.,” vol. i. p. 282, pl.
i., ii.
[550] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xxxv. p. 307, whence the cut is copied on a
reduced scale.
[551] Arch. Préh., 1880, p. 99, pl. i. and v. _Mat._, vol. xvi. p. 298.
[552] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. iv. p. 105. _Supra_, p. 148.
[553] “Palafittes,” fig. 18.
[554] “L’Homme Fossile,” 2nd ed. p. 149.
[555] “L’Homme pend. les Ages de la Pierre.” p. 214.
[556] “Les Ages de la Pierre en Belgique,” pl. ix.
[557] _L’Anthropologie_, vol. i. p. 385.
[558] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xviii. p. 365.
[559] Ratzel, “Völkerk,” vol. ii. 245, 247, &c.
[560] “Les armes et les outils préh. réconst.,” Paris, 1872.
[561] “Lake-Dwellings,” Eng. ed., p. 110. See also pl. x. 16, xi. 2,
and xxviii. 24; and Lindenschmit, “Hohenz. Samml.,” pl. xxix. 4.
[562] “Cultur-Wiss.,” fig. 127, p. 70.
[563] “Alt. u. H. V.,” vol. ii. Heft viii. Taf. i. 7; _Archiv. für
Anthropol._, vol. iii. p. 105. _Jahrb. d. Ver. f. Alt. im Rhein._, lxi.
(1877) p. 156.
[564] _Bericht Nat. Hist. Verein_, Bremen, 1879.
[565] _Zeitsch. f. Ethn._, vol. xi. p. (162).
[566] “Reliq. Aquit.,” fig. 12.
[567] Vol. iv. p. 297.
[568] “Etudes Paléoeth.,” pl. xii. See also Worsaae, “Primev. Ants. of
Denmark,” p. 12; “Dänemark’s Vorz.,” p. 10; and “Danmark’s Tidligste
Bebyggelse,” 1861, p. 17.
[569] 1868, vol. lxvii. p. 1285.
[570] “Cultur-Wiss.,” p. 70.
[571] _Proc. S. A. S._, vol. ii. pp. 423, 424; Wilson’s “Preh. Man,”
vol. i. p. 156.
[572] “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 32.
[573] _Op. cit._, vol. ii. p. 201.
[574] _Op. cit._, vol. ii. pp. 369, 373.
[575] _Int. Arch. f. Ethn._, vol. iii. p. 181, pl. xv. 1, 2.
[576] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xviii. p. 266.
[577] Vol. xxxiv. p. 172.
[578] _P. S. A. S._, vol. x. p. 263. See also “Notes on some Australian
and other Stone Implements,” by Prof. Liversidge, F.R.S. (_Journ. R.
S. of New South Wales_, vol. xxviii., 1894), and Mr. E. J. Hardman’s
account of some West Australian implements (Wood Martin’s “Rude St.
Mons. of Ireland,” 1888, p. 115).
[579] “Journ. of Voy. to N. S. Wales,” p. 293; Klemm, “Cult.-Gesch.,”
vol. i. p. 308.
[580] “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 32. _Conf._ Worsaae, “Dänemark’s
Vorz.,” p. 10.
[581] Vol. xxxi. p. 452.
[582] See Jones’s “Hist. of Ojibway Indians.”
[583] “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 652. _Conf._ Catlin, “N. A.
Ind.,” vol. i. pl. xcix. _f._
[584] Col. A. Lane-Fox, “Prim. Warf.,” part ii. p. 17.
[585] “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. pl. xv. 1, p. 285.
[586] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxvii. p. 49.
[587] Vol. xxiv. p. 80.
[588] “Arch. of Mersey District,” 1867, p. 15.
[589] _Arch._, vol. xxxii. p. 400; _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 1st s. vol. i. p.
131.
[590] Worsaae’s “Nordiske Oldsager,” fig. 14.
[591] Chantre, “Le Caucase,” 1855, vol. i. p. 50, pl. ii.
[592] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. ii. pl. 73; Klemm,
“Cult.-Gesch.,” vol. ii. p. 62.
[593] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. v. p. 287.
[594] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. xi. p. 448.
[595] _Int. Arch. f. Eth._, vol. v., Supp. pl. i.
[596] “Illahun” (1891), p. 55.
[597] “Kahun,” pl. xvi. “Illahun.” pl. vii.
[598] “Medum” (1892), Frontisp. 14, p. 31.
[599] Vol. xxxiv. p. 172. See also Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii.
p. 32.
[600] Bonwick’s “Daily Life of the Tasmanians,” p. 44; _Trans. Ethnol.
Soc._, N. S., vol. iii. p. 267. Several specimens are figured in
Ratzel, “Völkerk,” vol. ii. p. 46.
[601] See _Arch. per l’Anth. e la Etn._, vol. xxv., 1895, p. 283.
[602] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 1st s. vol. ii. p. 305.
[603] Quoted by Klemm, “C. G.,” vol. i. p. 268.
[604] _Journ. Eth. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 109, fig. 7.
[605] _Nat._ vol. x. p. 173.
[606] “Smithsonian Contributions,” 1876, p. 46.
[607] (London, 1872) pl. ii. p. 66.
[608] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. v. p. 327. See also R. Brough
Smyth, “Aborig. of Victoria,” vol. i. p. 357.
[609] It is, however, to be observed that among the North American
Indians fire was the great agent employed in felling trees and in
excavating canoes, the stone hatchet being called in aid principally to
remove the charred wood.—Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. p. 75.
NOTES—CHAPTER VII.
[610] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xvii. p. 170.
[611] Wilde, “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 27.
[612] _Archæologia_, vol. xli. p. 402, pl. xviii. 7.
[613] “Brit. Barrows,” pp. 225, 396.
[614] “Le Camp de Catenoy,” N. Ponthieux, Beauvais, 1872, pl. v. i.
[615] Parenteau, “Invent. Archéol.,” 1878, pl. i. 2.
[616] “Flint Chips,” p. 76.
[617] _Proc. Suff. Inst. Arch._, vol. vii. p. 209.
[618] “Seine Inf.,” 2nd ed., p. 528.
[619] “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 27.
[620] Worsaae, “Nord. Olds.” Nos. 20, 22; Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pl. vi.
127.
[621] “Hohenz. Samml.,” Taf. xliii. 5.
[622] “Etude Préhist. sur la Savoie,” 1869, pl. ii. 4.
[623] Desor, “Palafittes,” p. 23, fig. 19.
[624] Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. ii. p. 201.
[625] Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pl. vi. 129, p. 54.
[626] _Int. Arch. f. Ethn._, vol. ii. p. 273.
[627] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 181.
[628] _Arch._, vol. xli. pl. xviii. 10.
[629] _Mém. Soc. R. des Ant. du Nord_, 1872–77, p. 105. _Zeitsch. f.
Eth._ vol. xix. p. 413.
[630] Cartailhac, “Ages préh. de l’Esp. et du Port.,” p. 91.
[631] _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. p. 47.
[632] _Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 130.
[633] Schoolcraft, “Indian Tribes,” vol. iv. p. 175.
[634] Sproat, “Scenes and Studies of Savage Life,” p. 316.
NOTES—CHAPTER VIII.
[635] Wilson, “Preh. Ann. of Scot.,” vol. i. p. 191; _Arch. Scot._,
vol. i. p. 291.
[636] “Itin. Curios.,” 2nd ed., vol. i. p. 57.
[637] P. 58.
[638] “Necrolivonica,” Beil. C., p. 23; and Nachtrag, p. 20.
[639] “Stone Age,” p. 71.
[640] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xviii. p. 310.
[641] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxiv. p. 277.
[642] “Heidnische Alterthümer,” 1846, pl. vi. 16.
[643] Vol. ii. fig. 144.
[644] Vol. ix. p. 120. See _Arch. Journ._, vol. xiii. p. 184, and vol.
xv. p. 90.
[645] Greenwell, in _Arch._, vol. lii. p. 60.
[646] Hoare’s “South Wilts,” p. 174.
[647] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xx. pl. vii. 1.
[648] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 155.
[649] “Vest. of Ants. of Derbyshire,” p. 7.
[650] “Ants. of Worcestershire,” pl. iv. 8 and 9.
[651] P. 108, No. 4.
[652] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 399.
[653] Pl. iii. 9.
[654] Aspelin, “Ant. du Nord Finno-Ougrien,” No. 78.
[655] “Mém. sur les Restes d’Indust.,” &c., 1866, pl. x. 12.
[656] Mortillet, “Promenades,” p. 146.
[657] _Cong. préh. Bologne_, 1871, p. 101. _Do. Buda-Pest_, 1876, p.
87. “Mus. Préh.,” No. 500.
[658] _Rev. Arch._, 3rd S., vol. vii. p. 66.
[659] _Arch. Journ._, vol. iii. p. 67.
[660] P. 17, pl. ii. 3.
[661] “Preh. Ann. of Scot.,” vol. i. p. 193.
[662] Simony, “Alt. von Hallstatt,” p. 9; Taf. vi. 3.
[663] Vol. iii. p. 128.
[664] _Trans. Herts. Nat. Hist. Soc._, vol. viii., 1896, p. 176.
[665] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. ii. pl. xvi. 14.
[666] “Nordiske Oldsager,” No. 50.
[667] “Alterthümer,” vol. i. Heft ii. Taf. i. 10 and 12.
[668] _Smithsonian Report_, 1863, p. 379.
[669] _Anz. f. Schw. Alt._, 1870, p. 141.
[670] _Mitth. Auth. Ges. in Wien_, vol. xxv. (1895) p. 39.
[671] _Tr. Dev. Assoc._, vol. xxii. p. 44.
[672] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd. S., vol. iv. p. 339. _Arch._, vol. xliii.
p. 410. A. C. Smith’s “Ant. of North Wilts.,” p. 168. “Salisbury Vol.
Arch. Inst.,” 1849, p. 110; _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 29.
[673] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 272.
[674] _Pr. Lanc. and Ch. Arch. Soc._, vol. xi. p. 172.
[675] “Essai sur les Dolmens,” pl. iv. 1.
[676] _P. S. A. S._, vol. viii. p. 264.
[677] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxiii. p. 208.
[678] Wilde, “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 79.
[679] “Alt. u. H. V.,” vol. i. Heft i. Taf. i. 18.
[680] _Matériaux_, vol. i. p. 462.
[681] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 158.
[682] “Vest. Ant. Derb.,” p. 63. Cat., p. 6, No. 49.
[683] Skelton’s “Meyrick’s Armour,” pl. xlvi. 3.
[684] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxix. p. 6.
[685] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 266.
[686] _Trans. E. R. Ant. Soc._, vol. ii. 1894, p. 21.
[687] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. iii. 4.
[688] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 295.
[689] “Vestiges of Ants. of Derbyshire,” p. 7; Cat., No. 36; Brigg’s
“History of Melbourne,” p. 15; Wright’s “Celt, Roman, and Saxon,” p. 69.
[690] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 227. Cat., p. 25, No. 256.
[691] Worsaae, “Nord. Olds.,” No. 109; Lindenschmit, “Alt. u. H. V.,”
vol. i. Heft iv. Taf. i. 5, 6.
[692] _Zeitsch. f. Ethn._, vol. xxiv., 1892, p. (178).
[693] Lindenschmit, _op. cit._, vol. i. Heft i. Taf. i. 8, 9, and 10.
[694] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ii. p. 306; xviii. p. 319; “Cat.
Arch. Inst. Mus. Ed.,” p. 19; “Horæ Ferales,” pl. iii. 20; “Sculpt.
Stones of Scot.,” vol. i. p. xx.; Wilson, “Preh. Ann. of Scot.,” vol.
i. pl. iii.
[695] _P. S. A. S._, vol. ix. p. 383, pl. xxii.
[696] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxi. p. 264.
[697] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xii. p. 277.
[698] Vol. iii. p. 234.
[699] _Arch. Camb._, 5th S., vol. v. p. 170.
[700] _Montg. Coll._, vol. xiv. p. 271.
[701] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxxi. p. 302.
[702] Vol. viii. p. 421.
[703] “Cat. Arch. Inst., Mus., Ed.” p. 6.
[704] _Ibid._, p. 45.
[705] _Arch. Scot._, vol. iii., App., p. 121.
[706] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. p. 478.
[707] _Ibid._, vol. iv. p. 55.
[708] _Ibid._, vol. vi. p. 86.
[709] _Ibid._, vol. iv. p. 379.
[710] Pl. xlviii. 1.
[711] See _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. p. 568; xiv. p. 126; xv. p. 266;
xvi. p. 76; xxiii. p. 205, 210; and Smith’s “Preh. Man in Ayrshire,”
1895, p. 39.
[712] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xv., p. 232.
[713] _Geologist_, vol. vii. p. 56.
[714] _Arch. Ael._, vol. xii. p. 118.
[715] “Cat. Arch. Inst. Mus., Ed.,” p. 38.
[716] _Arch. Journ._, vol. x. p. 65.
[717] _Arch._, vol. xliv. p. 284.
[718] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. viii. p. 489.
[719] _Tr. Lanc. and Chesh. Ant. Soc._, vol. v. p. 327. See also xi. p.
171.
[720] _Tr. Dev. Assoc._, vol. xxvi. p. 51.
[721] _Tr. Dev. Assoc._, vol. xxii. p. 208.
[722] _Rep. Leic. Lit. and Phil. Soc._, 1887–8, pl. iii.
[723] _Mem. Real. Acc. delle Scienze, &c., di Torino_, Ser. II., vol.
xxvi. Ta. i. 1. See also for Italy, _Bull. di Pal. Ital._, 1882, p. 1.
[724] Vol. xvii. p. 20.
[725] Vol. ii. p. 125.
[726] Vol. xxxi. p. 452.
[727] _Arch._, vol. ii. p. 118.
[728] _Arch._, vol. xxx. p. 459.
[729] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiii. p. 334; xxii. p. 384.
[730] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. iii. 3.
[731] Allies’ “Ants. of Worc.,” p. 150, pl. iv. 10.
[732] P. 111.
[733] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iv. p. 349.
[734] _Arch._, vol. ii. p. 127.
[735] “Stone Age,” p. 73.
[736] _L’Anth._, vol. vi., 1895, p. 10.
[737] “Abitaz. lac. di Fimon,” 1876, p. 150, pl. xiv.
[738] “Cat. of Objects found in Greece,” fig. 3.
[739] Pl. iii. 24.
[740] Schliemann’s “Troy,” 1875, p. 94. Atlas, pl. xxii. 610.
[741] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iv. p. 61. “Brit. Barrows,” p.
222.
[742] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iv. p. 60. “Brit. Barrows,” p.
224.
[743] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xxix., 1895, p. 66.
[744] Thoresby’s Cat. in Whitaker’s ed. of “Ducatus Leod.,” p. 114.
[745] Leland’s “Coll.,” vol. iv. vi.
[746] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxvii., 1893, p. 56.
[747] _Montg. Coll._, vol. xiv. p. 276.
[748] “Celtic Tumuli of Dorset,” p. 63.
[749] _Arch._, vol. xliv. p. 427.
[750] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vi. p. 74.
[751] “South Wilts,” Tumuli, pl. viii. “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” Nos. 15, 17.
[752] “Ants. of Worcestershire,” pl. iv. 5, p. 146.
[753] “Celt, Roman, and Saxon,” p. 70.
[754] “Horæ Ferales,” pl. iii. 15.
[755] _P.S.A.S._, vol. xxiii. p. 8.
[756] “South Wilts,” Tumuli, pl. i. “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” No. 283.
[757] _Arch._, vol. lii. p. 70.
[758] _Archæol. Journ._, vol. xviii. p. 158. _Arch. Assoc. Journ._,
vol. xvi. p. 295, pl. xxv. 8; _Trans. Hist. Soc. Lanc. and Chesh._,
vol. xii. p. 189.
[759] “Guide des Touristes, &c., dans le Morbihan,” 1854, p. 43.
[760] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxviii. p. 241.
[761] “South Wilts,” Tumuli, pl. v.; “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” No. 8;
_Arch._, vol. xv. pl. v. 1.
[762] _Supra_, p. 83.
[763] Hoare’s “South Wilts,” p. 209; _Arch._, vol. xliii. p. 411; A. C.
Smith’s “Ants. of North Wilts,” p. 19.
[764] _27th Report Roy. Inst. of Cornw._, 1846, p. 35. I am indebted
to the Secretaries of this Institution for permission to engrave the
specimen. It is also figured in Borlase’s “Nænia Cornubiæ,” p. 191.
[765] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xiii. p. 347; xxvi. p. 398.
[766] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 24.
[767] “Crania Brit.,” vol. ii. xviii. pl. 2.
[768] “Vest. Ant. Derb.,” p. 29. Smith, “Coll. Ant.,” vol. i. pl. xx. 3.
[769] _Mém. Soc. R. des Ant. du Nord_, 1872–77, p. 107. _Aarbög. for
Oldk._, 1872, d. 309–342. _Cong. préh. Stockholm_, 1874, p. 290.
Aspelin, “Ant. du Nord. Finno-Ougrien,” No. 71–76.
[770] “Indian Tribes,” vol. iv. p. 174.
[771] _Op. cit._, vol. i. p. 92; vol. ii. pl. 48.
[772] _Op. cit._, vol. iv. p. 167.
[773] “Mus. préh.,” No. 449. _Mat._, vol. xvii. p. 284.
[774] Ratzel, “Völkerk.,” vol. ii. p. 247. _Mitth. d. Anth. Ges. in
Wien_, vol. ix. (1880) pl. ii.
NOTES—CHAPTER IX.
[775] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xx. p. 102.
[776] Stevens, “Flint Chips,” p. 499.
[777] Vol. vii. p. 385.
[778] “Indian Tribes,” vol. iv. p. 168.
[779] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xvi. p. 57.
[780] Bellucci, “Mat. Paletn. dell’ Umbria,” Tav. xi. fig. 3.
[781] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 327.
[782] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. p. 499.
[783] _Ant. Tidsk._, 1858–60, p. 277.
[784] Vol. xxx. p. 461.
[785] “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 80.
[786] P. 94. See also _Arch. Journ._, vol. iii. p. 94; and Worsaae’s
“Prim. Ants. of Den.,” p. 15.
[787] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S. vol. vii., p. 268.
[788] _P. S. A. S._, vol. ix. p. 155.
[789] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix. p. 39; xvii. p. 453.
[790] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xvi. p. 171.
[791] Vol. xxvii. p. 142.
[792] _Montg. Coll._, vol. xiv p. 275.
[793] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. v. p. 240.
[794] _Trans. Devon. Assoc._, vol. iii. p. 497.
[795] “Ant. Celt. et Antéd.,” vol. i. pl. xiii. 9, p. 327.
[796] _Arch. Jour._, vol. xix. p. 92. _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S., vol. vi.
p. 307.
[797] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 43. See also _Arch. Camb._,
4th S., vol. vii. p. 183.
[798] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ix. p. 259.
[799] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. xv. p. 349.
[800] “South Wilts,” p. 204. “Cat. Devizes Mus., No. 150.”
[801] _Supra_, p. 128.
[802] _Surr. Arch. Coll._, vol. xi. p. 248–9.
[803] _Archæologia_, vol. xiv. p. 281, pl. lv.; Cat., p. 14.
[804] _Arch. Journ._, vol. ix. p. 297.
[805] _Arch. Journ._, vol. x. p. 72.
[806] _Archæologia_, vol. xxxi. p. 452.
[807] _Sussex Arch. Coll._, vol. ix. p. 118.
[808] _Sussex Arch. Coll._, vol. xxvii. p. 181.
[809] _Arch._, vol. xlvi. p. 492, pl. xxiv. 22.
[810] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 406.
[811] Vol. xxvi. p. 190.
[812] _Essex Nat._, vol. viii. p. 164.
[813] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxix. p. 77.
[814] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 400.
[815] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 248.
[816] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 250.
[817] _Rep. Leic. Lit. and Phil. Soc._, 1878, pl. iii.
[818] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxix. p. 305.
[819] _Tr. Cumb. and West. Ant. Soc._, vol. ix. p. 203.
[820] _Tr. Lanc. and Ch. Ant. Soc._, vol. ii. pl. i.
[821] _Arch. Camb._, 5th S., vol. xii. p. 247.
[822] _Op. cit._, p. 249.
[823] _Arch. Camb._, 5th S., vol. v. p. 315.
[824] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xx. p. 105.
[825] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. p. 183.
[826] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxii. p. 314. _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S.,
vol. xii. p. 212.
[827] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvi. p. 321; vol. xxvii. p. 147.
[828] _Surrey Arch. Coll._, vol. iv. p. 237; 1868, p. 24.
[829] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xv. p. 233.
[830] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xvii. pl. iv. p. 5.
[831] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 41.
[832] _Ibid._, vol. iii. p. 437.
[833] _Ibid._, vol. iv. p. 55.
[834] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. 568.
[835] _Op. cit._, p. 610.
[836] _Rev. d’ Ant._ 1st S., vol. iv. p. 255.
[837] “Seine Inf.,” 2nd ed., p. 313.
[838] Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man.” vol. i. p. 254. _Proc. Soc. Ant.
Scot._, vol. xi. p. 140.
[839] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiv. p. 173.
[840] Rau. “Smithson. Arch. Coll.,” p. 31.
[841] Sir J. Lubbock, in _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. i. p. xcv.
[842] _Journ. Anthrop. Inst._, vol. i. p. 198.
[843] _Sup._, p. 64.
[844] “Stone Age,” pl. i. 12.
[845] “Alt. u. h. V.,” vol. i. Heft i. Taf. i. 4.
[846] _Op. cit._, vol. i. Heft viii. Taf. i. 6.
[847] “Or. de la Navig., &c.,” fig. 20.
[848] _Trans. preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 236.
[849] _Proc. As. Soc. Beng._, 1866, p. 135.
[850] _Proc. As. Soc. Beng._, Mar., 1874.
[851] _Zeitsch. f. A. and E._, vol. viii., 1876, pl. xxv.
[852] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 68; _Gent.’s Mag._, 1819, p. 130.
[853] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xv. p. 234.
[854] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 69.
[855] _Arch. Camb._, 2nd S., vol. i. p. 331.
[856] _Arch. Camb._, 4th S., vol. v. p. 181.
[857] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xvii. p. 66.
[858] Vol xxvi. p. 320, figs. 10 and 11.
[859] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 161.
[860] _Lib. Cit._, p. 164.
[861] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. v. p. 2.
[862] Cat., p. 28, No. 293.
[863] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxiii. p. 213.
[864] “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.” p. 85. The chisel-edged specimens there
described are not improbably American.
[865] P. 557.
[866] Mortillet, “_Matériaux._” vol. iii. p. 98; vol. iv. p. 234.
Tubino, “Estudios Prehistoricós.” p. 100. Cartailhac, p. 202.
[867] _Rev. Arch._, vol. xiii. p. 137.
[868] _Jorn. de Sci. Math. Phys. y Natur._, 1868, pl. viii.
[869] Simony, “Alt. von Hallstatt.” Taf. vi. 5.
[870] “Präh. Atlas.” Wien, 1889, Taf. xix.
[871] Perrin, “Et. Préhist. sur la Savoie,” pl. xv. 17.
[872] _Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc._, 1869, vol. xxv. p. 34.
[873] “Troy and its Remains,” p. 97.
[874] Schoolcraft, “Indian Tribes,” vol. i. p. 96; Squier’s “Ab. Mon.
of New York,” p. 184; Lapham, “Ants. of Wisconsin,” p. 74.
[875] “Prehist. Man,” vol. i. pp. 246, 253.
[876] _Comptes Rendus_, 1866, vol. lxii. p. 470; _Geol. Mag._, vol.
iii. p. 214; Mortillet, “_Mat._,” vol. ii. pp. 331, 401; vol. iii. p.
99.
[877] _Brit. Assoc. Report_, 1870, p. 158.
[878] Brit. Barrows, p. 239.
[879] Vol. x. p. 64.
[880] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 164, pl. xi. 5.
[881] _Arch. Camb._, 4th S., vol. v. p. 181; ix. p. 34.
[882] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 209.
[883] _P. S. A. S._, vol. ix. p. 382; xii. p. 266. Mitchell, “Past in
the Present,” p. 124.
[884] _Mem. Anthrop. Soc. Lond._ vol. iii. p. 261.
[885] “Ind. Tribes,” vol. ii. pl. 39.
[886] _Op. cit._, vol. ii. p. 90.
[887] 1884, p. 156 _seqq._, also _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. v. p. 262.
[888] “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” p. 95, fig. 77.
[889] “Nord. Oldsag.,” fig. 88; Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pl. ii. p. 34.
[890] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xiv. p. 327.
[891] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 489.
[892] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xvii. p. 19.
[893] See a paper on “Antike Gewicht-steine,” by Prof. Ritschl, in
the _Jahrb. d. Ver. v. Alterthums-fr. im Rheinl._, Heft. xli. 9; also
xliii. 209.
NOTES—CHAPTER X.
[894] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 274.
[895] _Mem. Geol. Surv. Ind._, vol. iv. pl. i. p. 203. _Trans. Preh.
Cong._, 1868, p. 238.
[896] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 263, pl. xxi. 7.
[897] Catlin’s “Last Rambles,” p. 188.
[898] _Arch. Camb._, 5th. S., vol. i. p. 307.
[899] _Tr. Dev. Assoc._, vol. xii. p. 71.
[900] _Montg. Coll._, vol. xiv. p. 273.
[901] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 440; xiv. p. 127; xv. p. 108.
[902] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xi. p. 583, Munro “Lake-dw.,” p. 448.
[903] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiv. 127; xv. 267; xxiii. p. 211.
[904] Kindly lent by the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland.
[905] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxii. p. 62.
[906] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. p. 688.
[907] Worsaae’s “Nord. Oldsager,” No. 32, 33. Nilsson’s “Stone Age,”
pl. i. 14. A Lüneburg specimen, with deep conical depressions, is given
by Lindenschmit. “Alt. u. h. V.,” vol. i. Heft viii. Taf. i. 4.
[908] Wilde’s “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.,” fig. 75.
[909] “Ind. Tribes,” vol. iv. p. 165.
[910] “Stone Age,” p. 12, pl. i. 2, 3.
[911] “Prim. Industry,” p. 425, _et. seqq._
[912] _Arch. f. Anth._, vol. v. p. 263.
[913] Vol. ix. p. 118.
[914] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxix. p. 344. Cumming’s “Churches and
Ants. of Cury and Dunwalloe,” 1873, p. 69.
[915] _P. S. A. S._, vol. x. p. 634. Mitchell, “Past in the Present,”
p. 126.
[916] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. iv. p. 139.
[917] _Anz. f. Schw. Alt._, 1876, Taf. viii.
[918] “Cat. Arch. Inst. Mus., Edin.,” p. 12.
[919] “Naukratis,” 1886, pl. i. p. 42.
[920] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 200.
[921] _Pr. Lanc. and Ch. Arch. Soc._, vol. xi. p. 172.
[922] “Naukratis,” pl. i. 1886, p. 42.
[923] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. vi. pp. 41, 195.
[924] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. i. p. 71.
[925] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xvii. p. 171.
[926] _Amer. Anthropologist_, vol. iv., 1891, p. 301.
[927] “South Wilts,” Tumuli, pl. vi. “Cat. Devizes Mus.,” No. 3.
[928] See _Arch._, vol. xliii. p. 408.
[929] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvi. p. 320, figs. 14, 15. _Arch. Camb._,
4th S., vol. v. p. 181.
[930] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 396.
[931] _Arch. Journ._, vol. x. pp. 64, 160.
[932] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 208.
[933] Greenwell, “Brit. Par.,” pp. 200, 239, 242.
[934] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxviii. p. 148.
[935] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxviii. p. 341.
[936] “Etudes Paléoéthnol.,” 1867, pl. iv. 1.
[937] Squier and Davis, “Anct. Mon. of Mississ. Valley,” p. 222.
[938] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiv. p. 314, xxi. p. 135.
[939] “Mus. préh.,” fig. 592.
[940] See Sir J. Y. Simpson, _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. App.
[941] “Brit. Barrows,” 341, _et seqq._
[942] See “Reliquiæ Aquit.,” p. 60.
[943] “Rel. Aquit.,” p. 108.
[944] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 84. See Eyre’s “Central
Australia,” vol. ii. pl. iv. p. 14.
[945] Keller’s “Lake-dwellings,” p. 137. Lindenschmit, “Hohenz.
Samml.,” pl. xxvii. 8.
[946] “Hab. Lac. de la Savoie,” 1st Mem. pl. xi. 2.
[947] _Rev. Arch._, 3rd S., vol. vii. p. 68.
[948] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 193.
[949] _Trans. Ethnol. Soc._, N. S., vol. iv. p. 242.
[950] _Journ. Ethnol. Soc._, vol. ii. p. 413.
[951] _Arch. Camb._, 4th S., vol. v. p. 184.
[952] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiii. p. 204, Munro, “Lake-dw.,” p. 102.
[953] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxiii. p. 214.
[954] _Journ. Anth. Soc._, 1869, p. cxvii.
[955] The burnishing stones in use among pewterers are, when dismounted
from their setting, curiously like these blunt-ended celt-like
instruments. They have no ridge, however, at the truncated end. Some of
the stone burnishers used by bookbinders are also in form like celts,
but have a flattened edge.
[956] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 161.
[957] _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. p. 48.
[958] De Gongora, “Ant. Preh. de Andalusia,” p. 108.
[959] _Zeitsch. f. Ethn._, vol. xx. p. (365).
[960] Vol. xxiv. p. 251.
[961] Vol. xxvi. p. 320; xxvii. 147.
[962] _Arch._, vol. xxxviii. p. 416.
[963] “Cran. Brit.,” vol. ii. pl. 58, p. 2.
[964] _Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 70.
[965] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxv. p. 496.
[966] Vol. xxvii. pl. xi. 2, 3.
[967] _Suss. Arch. Coll._, vol. xxxii. p. 174.
[968] _Arch._, vol. xlvi. p. 492, pl. xxiv. 26.
[969] Miln’s “Excav. at Carnac,” 1881, pl. xv.
[970] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 47.
[971] _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 265.
[972] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xviii. p. 393.
[973] _Ibid._, vol. xxiii. p. 391.
[974] _Arch._ vol. xxxviii. p. 416.
[975] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxiii. p. 391.
[976] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 223.
[977] _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, N. S., vol. iii. p. 278.
[978] Sproat’s “Scenes and Studies of Savage Life,” p. 55.
[979] Wood, “Nat. Hist. of Man,” vol. i. p. 152. Ratzel, “Völkerk.,”
vol. i., 1887, p. 216.
[980] “Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia,” Baker, p. 78. See also “The
Albert Nyanza,” vol. i. p. 65. Klemm’s “Cult.-Wiss.,” p. 88.
[981] Rev. Dr. Hume, “Illust. of Brit. Ants. from Objects found in S.
Amer.,” p. 69.
[982] See _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 244, where much information is
given concerning such stones.
[983] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 160, &c. _Arch. Camb._, 2nd S.,
vol. iii. p. 210; 3rd S., vi. 376; vii. 40; viii. 157; 4th S., xii. p.
32.
[984] _Arch._, vol. xlvi. p. 285.
[985] _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S., vol. vii. p. 245.
[986] Wilde’s “Cat. Mus. R. I. A.” p. 104.
[987] “Itinerary,” 1617, pt. iii. p. 161.
[988] “Flint Chips,” p. 62.
[989] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. ii. p. 377.
[990] _P. S. A. S._, vol. vii. p. 9.
[991] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xi. p. 176.
[992] Garrigon et Filhol, “Age de la Pierre polie,” &c., p. 27. _Arch.
Camb._, 4th S., vol. i. p. 292.
[993] “Mus. Préh.,” No. 587.
[994] _Trans. Preh. Cong._, 1868, p. 155.
[995] “Alt. u. h. V.,” vol. ii. Heft viii. Taf. i. 16.
[996] “Cult.-Wiss.,” p. 88.
[997] _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S., vol. iii. p. 356.
[998] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. iv. p. 117.
[999] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 160, pl. ii. 1.
[1000] _A. J._, vol. xxiv. p. 247.
[1001] Atkinson’s “Cleveland,” p. 40.
[1002] “Nænia Cornub.,” p. 221.
[1003] Wood-Martin “Lake-dw. of Ireland,” 1886, p. 85.
[1004] Kirchner, “Thor’s Donnerkeil,” 1853, p. 97.
[1005] “Ten Years’ Diggings,” p. 172.
[1006] _Ibid._, p. 177.
[1007] _Ibid._, pp. 213, 224, 226.
[1008] “Vestiges Ant. Derb.,” p. 99.
[1009] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 190.
[1010] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 81.
[1011] “Troy,” 1875, pp. 151, 163.
[1012] _British Med. Journ._, April 2nd, 1887, quoted in _Essex
Naturalist_, vol. i. p. 92.
[1013] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 252.
[1014] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xiv. p. 357; xvii. 170.
[1015] _Suss. Arch. Coll._, vol. ix. p. 117. “Chich. Vol. Arch. Inst.,”
p. 63. This cut has been kindly lent me by the Sussex Arch. Society.
[1016] _Essex Naturalist_, vol. ii. p. 4.
[1017] _Arch._ vol. xliii. p. 408. A. C. Smith, “Ants. of N. Wilts,” p.
14.
[1018] See _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vi. p. 179, where the
measurements hardly agree with mine.
[1019] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 253.
[1020] _Sitzungsb. der K. Akad. der Wiss. in Wien_, vol. lv. p. 528.
[1021] _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, N. S., vol. vii. p. 49.
[1022] See Laing’s “Prehistoric Remains of Caithness,” 1866. _Proc.
Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. _Passim_; viii. 64. pl. vi. _Mem. Anthrop.
Soc. Lond._, vol. ii. p. 294; iii. 216. I am indebted to the Society of
Antiquaries of Scotland for the loan of Figs. 174 to 179. See also _P.
S. A. S._, vol. viii. pl. vi.; xi. p. 173; xii. p. 271; and Mitchell’s
“Past in the Present,” p. 140.
[1023] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. p. 136.
[1024] _P. S. A. S._, vol. vii. pp. 358, 400.
[1025] _P. S. A. S._, vol. vii. p. 125.
[1026] _P. S. A. S._, vol. vii. p. 127.
[1027] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxiii. p. 219.
[1028] See Whitaker’s “Hist. of Craven.,” 2nd ed., p. 468.
[1029] Wright’s “Prov. Dict.,” _s.v._ Cotgrave translates the word
_Baton_ “a laundress’s batting-staff.”
[1030] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xxiv. p. 65.
[1031] _Op. cit._, vol. xv. p. 232.
[1032] 3rd S., vol. iii. p. 358.
[1033] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. p. 80.
[1034] “Anct. Mon. of Mississ. Val.,” p. 220.
[1035] Schoolcraft, “Ind. Tribes,” vol. i. p. 90.
[1036] _Op. cit._, vol. ii. p. 89.
[1037] _Op. cit._, vol. iv. p. 175.
[1038] Cuming in _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 83, where some
interesting information relating to mortars will be found. Ratzel,
“Völkerk.,” vol. ii. p. 179.
[1039] Vol. iv. p. 136. See also a paper by Mr. R. N. Worth, on the
progress of mining skill in Devon and Cornwall, in the _Trans. Cornw.
Polyt. Soc._
[1040] _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. 393.
[1041] Vol. ii. p. 323.
[1042] “Die Burg Tannenberg,” &c., _Arch. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 404.
[1043] Vol. iii. p. 130.
[1044] “Gesta. Abb. Mon. S. Alb.,” vol. ii. p. 249.
[1045] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. vii. p. 175.
[1046] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol iii. p. 203.
[1047] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xv. p. 335.
[1048] “Ten Years’ Dig.,” p. 99.
[1049] _Arch. Assoc. Journ._, vol. xiii. 227.
[1050] _Ibid._, vol. xv. p. 337.
[1051] _Arch. Journ._, vol. v. p. 329.
[1052] Smith’s “Coll. Ant.,” vol. i. p. 112. _Arch._, vol. xviii. p.
435; xix. 183; xxx. 128. _Proc. Bury and W. Suff. Arch. I._, vol. i. p.
230, &c. _Proc. Soc. Ant._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 259.
[1053] _Arch._, vol. xliv. p. 285.
[1054] _Arch._, vol. xlv. p. 366.
[1055] _Arch. Camb._, 5th S., vol. viii. p. 320.
[1056] _Arch. Camb._, 2nd S., vol. iii. p. 240.
[1057] Lee’s “Isca Silurum,” p. 114.
[1058] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. i. p. 267.
[1059] _P. S. A. S._, vol. ii. p. 97. See also vol. v. p. 30.
[1060] _Preh. Annals of Scot._, vol. i. p. 214.
[1061] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xii. p. 261. Mitchell’s “The Past in the
Present,” p. 34.
[1062] _P. S. A. S._, vol. iv. p. 417.
[1063] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xiii. p. 178.
[1064] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xxi. p. 162.
[1065] _Arch. Camb._, 3rd S., vol. vii. p. 38.
[1066] “South Wilts,” p. 36.
[1067] “Vest. Ant. Derb.,” 127.
[1068] _Arch._, vol. xxxv. p. 246.
[1069] 2nd S., vol. ii. p. 89.
NOTES—CHAPTER XI.
[1070] “Nord. Olds.,” Nos. 35 and 36.
[1071] _Tidskrift for Oldkyndighed_, vol. i. pl. ii. p. 423.
[1072] “Stone Age,” p. 16.
[1073] “Ant. Suéd.”
[1074] Keller’s “Lake-dwell.,” p. 24.
[1075] Keller, “Pfahlbauten,” 1ter Bericht, Taf. iii. 19; 3ter Ber.,
Taf. ii. 2.
[1076] “Les Polissoirs préh. de la Charente,” G. Chauvet, Angoulême,
1883.
[1077] “Les Polissoirs néol. du Dép. delà Dordogne,” Testut. _Mat._,
3rd S., vol. iii. (1886) p. 65.
[1078] “Notice sur deux Instruments,” &c., p. 4. Mortillet,
_Matériaux_, vol. ii. p. 420.
[1079] See “Ant. Celt et Antéd, de Poitou,” pl. xxx.
[1080] _Ann. Soc. Arch. de Bruxelles_, vol. x., 1896, p. 109.
[1081] B. de Perthes, “Ant. Celt et Antéd.,” vol. ii. p. 165.
Mortillet, “Prom. au Mus. St. Germain,” p. 148.
[1082] De Gongora y Martinez, “Ant. Preh. de Andalusia,” p. 34, fig. 19.
[1083] _Journ. Anth. Inst._, vol. xvi. p. 73.
[1084] See _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxi. p. 170.
[1085] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 168.
[1086] “Brit. Barrows,” p. 220.
[1087] _Arch._, vol. xxxviii. p. 417.
[1088] “Cook’s Voyages,” quoted by Tylor, “Early Hist. of Mank.,” 2nd
ed., p. 201.
[1089] _P. S. A. S._, vol. xv. p. 263.
[1090] “Ten Years’ Dig.,” p. 169.
[1091] _Arch. Scot._, vol. iii. p. 43.
[1092] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxv. p. 295.
[1093] _Arch. Journ._, vol. xxvii. p. 161.
[1094] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. vii. p. 219.
[1095] See Lyell, “Ant. of Man,” 3rd ed. p. 189.
[1096] Worsaae, fig. 36. Nilsson, “Stone Age,” pl. ii. 15.
[1097] _Proc. Soc. Ant. Scot._, vol. xv. p. 74.