inspired many a more or less tuneful ode. But Mary Scott's beauty was,
after all, not her greatest gift. She was wise beyond most of her sex,
and skilful to a degree in the management of her husband. We find, for
example, that instead of remonstrating with him on his culpable negligence
in allowing the larder to become depleted, she quietly set before him when
he came to dinner a pair of clean spurs! The hint thus indirectly conveyed
was quite sufficient. Immediately her worthy spouse was in the saddle and
riding as fast as his nag could carry him towards the English fells. It is
interesting to know that the spurs that were thus suggestively served up
for dinner are still in the possession of the family, being carefully
preserved among Lord Polwarth's treasures at Mertoun House.
But while Wat of Harden could look after his own interests, he was never
unmindful of the interests of others. When the Captain of Bewcastle came
over to Ettrick "to drive a prey," and carried off Jamie Telfer's kye, he
rendered splendid service in rescuing the herd from the hand of the
spoiler. Though Telfer, with "the tear rowing in his ee," pled with the
Captain to restore his property, he was only laughed at for his pains--
"The Captain turned him round and leugh,
Said--"Man, there's naething in thy house,
But ae auld sword without a sheath
That hardly now would fell a mouse."
Telfer first of all applied for assistance at Stobs Ha', evidently
thinking that he had some special claim on "Gibby Elliot," but he was
unceremoniously turned from the door, and told to go to "Branksome" and
"seek his succour where he paid blackmail." When Buccleuch heard what had
taken place, he cried--
"Gar warn the water, braid and wide,
Gar warn it sune and hastilie!
They that winna ride for Telfer's kye,
Let them never look in the face o' me!"
Auld Wat and his sons having also been informed of the Captain's raid,
lost no time in getting out their steeds and hurrying after the English
reiver. Over the hills, down near the Ritterford on the Liddel, the melee
began. The Captain was determined to drive Jamie Telfer's kye into England
despite the opposition of the Scotts, but he was made to pay dearly for
his temerity.--
Then til't they gaed, wi' heart and hand,
The blows fell thick as bickering hail;
And mony a horse ran masterless,
And mony a comely cheek was pale.
Willie Scott, the son of Buccleuch, was left dead on the field. When
Harden saw him stretched on the ground "he grat for very rage."--
"But he's ta'en aff his gude steel cap,
And thrice he's waved it in the air--
The Dinlay snaw was ne'er mair white
Nor the lyart locks of Harden's hair.
"Revenge! revenge!" Auld Wat 'gan cry;
"Fye, lads, lay on them cruellie!
We'll ne'er see Teviotside again,
Or Willie's death revenged sall be."
The conflict was speedily ended. The Captain of Bewcastle was badly
wounded, and taken prisoner; his house was ransacked, his cattle driven
off, and Jamie Telfer returned to the "Fair Dodhead" with thirty-three
cows instead of ten.--
"When they cam' to the fair Dodhead,
They were a wellcum sight to see!
For instead of his ain ten milk kye,
Jamie Telfer has gotten thirty and three.
And he has paid the rescue shot,
Baith wi' goud and white monie:
And at the burial o' Willie Scott,
I wat was mony a weeping ee."
The eldest son of Wat of Harden was destined to become as famous as his
father, though in a different way. He had evidently, from what we learn of
him, inherited all the reiving tendencies of his race. But the difficulty
of crossing the Border had been considerably increased. Buccleuch, the
Keeper of Liddesdale, had changed his tactics. He had now begun to use his
utmost endeavour to bring about a better understanding, and a better state
of feeling, between the two countries. Willie Scott no doubt realised that
a raid on the English Border, though successful, might now get the whole
family into serious trouble. But the kye "were rowting on the loan and the
lea," and something had to be done to augment the quickly vanishing herd.
He took into his confidence a farmer, who lived on the banks of the
Ettrick--William Hogg--well known as the "Wild Boar of Fauldshope." This
redoubtable reiver was a progenitor of the Ettrick Shepherd, whose family,
it is said, possessed the lands of Fauldshope, under the Scotts of Harden,
for a period of 400 years. He was a man of prodigious strength, courage,
and ferocity, and ever ready for the fray. For some reason or other he had
a strong antipathy to Sir Gideon Murray of Elibank, the picturesque ruins
of whose Castle may still be seen on the banks of the Tweed, a mile or two
above Ashiesteel. That young Harden could have no particular liking for
him is easily understood, as he was one of the men who had been
commissioned by the government to destroy Harden castle as a punishment
for the part taken by his father in the Raid of Falkland. Sir Gideon had a
splendid herd of cattle pasturing on the green slopes above the Tweed, and
so Willie Scott resolved, with the assistance of his powerful coadjutor,
to transfer as many of them as possible to his own pastures. The night was
set, the expedition was carefully planned, and fortune seemed to smile
upon the project. But--
The best laid schemes o' mice and men
Gang aft a glee.
Some one was good enough to convey to Sir Gideon a hint of what was on
foot, and he at once took measures to give the thieves, when they came, a
warm reception. After a sharp encounter, Willie Scott was taken prisoner,
and thrown into the dungeon of the Castle, with his hands and feet
securely bound. He knew quite well the fate which awaited him on the
morrow. He would be led forth to the gallows, and there made to pay the
forfeit of his life. A better lot, however, was in store for him. A good
angel, in the person of Lady Murray, interfered on his behalf. She had
been anxiously considering how she could save his life. Her plans were
speedily formed, and in the morning she ventured to lay them before her
irate husband. As Hogg has humorously described the scene--
The lady o' Elibank raise wi' the dawn,
An' she waukened Auld Juden, an' to him did say,--
"Pray, what will ye do wi' this gallant young man?"
"We'll hang him," quo Juden, "this very same day."
"Wad ye hang sic a brisk an' gallant young heir,
An' has three hamely daughters aye suffering neglect?
Though laird o' the best of the forest sae fair,
He'll marry the warst for the sake o' his neck.
"Despise not the lad for a perilous feat;
He's a friend will bestead you, and stand by you still;
The laird maun hae men, an' the men maun hae meat,
An' the meat maun be had be the danger what will."
The plan thus suggested seemed feasable. It might really be the wisest
course to pursue, at least so Sir Gideon was disposed to think, and no
time was lost in bringing the matter to an issue. Young Scott was at once
brought into the hall, the terms on which his life was to be spared were
briefly stated, and he was afforded an opportunity of seeing the young
lady whom fortune had thus strangely thrown in his way. One glance
sufficed. The features of Sir Gideon's daughter, known to fame as
"Muckle-mou'd Meg," were not attractive. The condemned culprit felt that
even the gallows was preferable to such an objectionable matrimonial
alliance.
"Lead on to the gallows, then," Willie replied,
"I'm now in your power, and ye carry it high;
Nae daughter of yours shall e'er lie by my side;
A Scott, ye maun mind, counts it naething to die."
These were brave words, bravely spoken. Sir Gideon, however, had made up
his mind as to the course he meant to pursue, and Willie Scott was at once
led forth to make his acquaintance with the "Hanging Tree." But when he
drew near and saw the fatal rope dangling in the wind, his courage began
to fail him. The prospect was far from inviting, and he pled for a few
days respite to think on his sins, "and balance the offer of freedom so
kind." But the old laird was inexorable. He simply said to him, "There is
the hangman, and there is the priest, make your choice." Thus driven to
bay, Willie saw that further parleying would not avail, and so he thought
he had better make the best of a bad business. As he thought over the
matter, he began to discover certain traits in the young lady's person and
character of a more or less pleasing description. He concluded that,
after all, he might do worse than wed with the daughter of Elibank.--
"What matter," quo' he, "though her nose it be lang,
For noses bring luck an' it's welcome that brings.
There's something weel-faur'd in her soncy gray een,
But they're better than nane, and ane's life is sae sweet;
An' what though her mou' be the maist I hae seen,
Faith muckle-mou'd fok hae a luck for their meat."
Thus everything ended happily, and young Harden had cause to bless the day
he found himself at the mercy of Sir Gideon Murray of Elibank. Seldom,
indeed, has Border reiver been so beneficently punished!
An' muckle guid bluid frae that union has flowed,
An' mony a brave fellow, an' mony a brave feat;
I darena just say they are a' muckle mou'd,
But they rather have still a guid luck for their meat.
Such is the tradition, as Hogg has given it in his humourous poem. It goes
without saying that the poet has embellished and enlarged the story to
suit his own purposes. But the tradition has generally been regarded as
having some considerable basis of fact. Satchells, in his History of the
Scotts, thus refers to Auld Wat of Harden and his famous son--
"The stout and valiant Walter Scott
Of Harden who can never die,
But live by fame to the tenth degree;
He became both able, strong, and stout,
Married Philip's daughter, squire of Dryhope,
Which was an ancient family,
And many broad lands enjoyed he;
Betwixt these Scotts was procreat,
That much renowned Sir William Scott,
I need not to explain his name,
Because he ever lives by fame;
He was a man of port and rank,
He married Sir Gideon Murray's daughter of Elibank."
The fortunes of other famous reivers have formed the theme of many a
stirring ballad. The so-called historical data on which many of these
ballads are professedly based, may often, no doubt, be truthfully
described as more imaginary than real, nevertheless the picture which the
balladist has drawn is often deeply interesting, and subserves an
important end by indicating the feeling with which these men and their
deeds were usually regarded.
In a history of Border reiving such side-lights as the ballads afford may
be profitably utilized.
Maitland, in his celebrated poem on the Thieves of Liddesdale, makes
allusion to a well known character who is known to fame as "Jock o' the
Syde." He was nephew to the "Laird of Mangerton," and cousin to the
"Laird's Ain Jock," and had all the enthusiasm of his race for the calling
to which the members of his clan seem to have devoted their somewhat
remarkable talents.--
He never tyris
For to brek byris
Our muir and myris
Ouir gude ane guide.
It is said that he assisted the Earl of Westmoreland in his escape, after
his unfortunate insurrection with the Earl of Northumberland, in the
twelfth year of the reign of Queen Elizabeth. But according to the
balladist his career, on one occasion, had well nigh terminated
disastrously. In the company of some of his friends he had made a raid
into Northumberland. Here he was taken prisoner by the warden, and thrown
into jail at Newcastle, there to "bide his doom." He knew that he would
not have long to wait. Not much time was wasted in considering the various
items of the indictment, more especially when the accused was a well-known
thief. "Jeddart justice" was not confined to the small burgh on the
Scottish Border. It was as popular, at that time, in England as anywhere
else, as many a Scottish reiver has known to his cost. The friends of the
prisoner were fully aware that if he was to be saved from the gallows, not
one moment must be lost. A rescue party was speedily organized. The laird
of Mangerton, accompanied by a few friends--the Laird's Jock, the Laird's
Wat, and the famous Hobbie Noble (an Englishman who had been banished from
Bewcastle)--started off for Newcastle with all speed, determined to bring
the prisoner back with them, quick or dead. To allay suspicion and avoid
detection, they shod their horses "the wrang way"--putting the tip of the
shoe behind the frog--and arrayed themselves like country lads, or "corn
caugers[104] ga'en the road." When they reached Cholerford, near Hexham,
they alighted and cut a tree--"wi' the help o' the light o' the moon"--on
which were fifteen nogs or notches, by which they hoped "to scale the wa'
o' Newcastle toun." But, as so often happened in like circumstances, this
improvised ladder was "three ells too laigh." Such trifles, however,
rarely ever proved disconcerting. The bold reivers at once determined to
force the gate. A stout porter endeavoured to drive them back, but--
"His neck in twa the Armstrongs wrang;
Wi' fute or hand he ne'er played pa!
His life and his keys at once they hae ta'en,
And cast his body ahint the wa'."
The path being now clear they speedily made their way to the prison, where
they found their friend groaning under fifteen stones of Spanish iron
(nothing short of this would have availed to keep a stark Scottish reiver,
fed on oatmeal, within the confines of a prison cell), carried him off,
irons and all, set him on a horse, with both feet on one side, and rode
off with the fleetness of the wind in the direction of Liddesdale:
"The night tho' wat, they didna mind,
But hied them on fu' merrilie,
Until they cam' to Cholerford brae,
Where the water ran like mountains hie."
Dashing into the stream they soon reached the opposite bank. The English,
who were in hot pursuit, when they reached the Tyne, which was rolling
along in glorious flood, durst not venture further. They were filled with
chagrin when they saw the prisoner, loaded as he was with fifteen stones
of good Spanish iron, safe on the other side. They had sustained a double
loss. The prisoner was gone, and he had taken his valuable iron chains
with him. The land-sergeant, or warden's officer, taking in the situation
at a glance, cried aloud--
"The prisoner take,
But leave the fetters, I pray, to me."
To which polite request the Laird's ain Jock replied--
"I wat weel no,
I'll keep them a'; shoon to my mare they'll be,
My gude bay mare--for I am sure,
She bought them a' right dear frae thee."
No Liddesdale reiver was ever likely to part with anything in a hurry,
least of all to give it up to an Englishman.
The Armstrongs, almost without exception, were noted thieves. They seem to
have possessed a rare genius for reiving. Their plans were generally so
well formed, and carried out with such a fine combination of daring and
cunning, that the "enemy" almost invariably came off "second best." One of
the last, and most noted of this reiving clan, was _William Armstrong_, a
lineal descendant of the famous Johnie of Gilnockie, who was known on the
Borders by the name of _Christie's Will_, to distinguish him from the
other members of his family and clan. He flourished during the reign of
Charles I., a circumstance which shows that moss-trooping did not
altogether cease at the union of the Crowns. It is related that, on one
occasion, Christie's Will had got into trouble, and was imprisoned in the
Tolbooth of Jedburgh. The Lord High Treasurer, the Earl of Traquair, who
was visiting in the district, was led to enquire as to the cause of his
confinement. The prisoner told him, with a pitiful expression of
countenance, that he had got into grief for stealing two _tethers_
(halters). The eminent statesman was astonished to hear that such a
trivial offence had been so severely punished, and pressed him to say if
this was the only crime he had committed. He ultimately reluctantly
acknowledged that there were two _delicate colts_ at the end of them! This
bit of pleasantry pleased his lordship, and through his intercession the
culprit was released from his imprisonment.
It was a fortunate thing for Lord Traquair that he acted as he did. A
short time afterwards he was glad to avail himself of the services of the
man whom he had thus been the means of setting at liberty. The story is
one of the most romantic on record, and amply justifies the adage that
"truth is stranger than fiction." A case, in which the Earl was deeply
interested, was pending in the Court of Session. It was believed that the
judgment would turn on the decision of the presiding judge, who has a
casting vote in the case of an equal division among his brethren. It was
known that the opinion of the president was unfavourable to Traquair; and
the point was, therefore, to keep him out of the way when the question
should be tried. In this dilemma the Earl had recourse to Christie's Will,
who at once offered his services to _kidnap_ the president. He discovered
that it was the judge's usual practice to take the air on horseback, on
the sands of Leith, without an attendant. One day he accosted the
president, and engaged him in conversation. His talk was so interesting
and amusing that he succeeded in decoying him into an unfrequented and
furzy common, called the Frigate Whins, where, riding suddenly up to him,
he pulled him from his horse, muffled him in a large cloak which he had
provided, and rode off with the luckless judge trussed up behind him.
Hurrying across country as fast as his horse could carry him, by paths
known only to persons of his description, he at last deposited his heavy
and terrified burden in an old castle in Annandale, called the Tower of
Graham. The judge's horse being found, it was concluded he had thrown his
rider into the sea; his friends went into mourning, and a successor was
appointed to his office. Meanwhile the disconsolate president had a sad
time of it in the vault of the castle. His food was handed to him through
an aperture in the wall, and never hearing the sound of human voice, save
when a shepherd called his dog, by the name of _Batty_, and when a female
domestic called upon _Maudge_, the cat. These, he concluded, were
invocations of spirits, for he held himself to be in the dungeon of a
sorcerer. The law suit having been decided in favour of Lord Traquair,
Christie's Will was directed to set the president at liberty, three months
having elapsed since he was so mysteriously spirited away from the sands
at Leith. Without speaking a single word, Will entered the vault in the
dead of night, again muffled up in the president's cloak, set him on a
horse, and rode off with him to the place where he had found him. The joy
of his friends, and the less agreeable surprise of his successor, may be
more easily imagined than described, when the judge appeared in court to
reclaim his office and honours. All embraced his own persuasion that he
had been spirited away by witchcraft; nor could he himself be convinced to
the contrary, until, many years afterwards, happening to travel in
Annandale, his ears were saluted once more with the sounds of _Maudge_ and
_Batty_--the only notes which had reached him during his long confinement.
This led to the discovery of the whole story, but in those disorderly
times it was only laughed at as a fair _ruse de guerre_.[105]
The victim of this extraordinary stratagem was Sir Alexander Gibson,
better known as Lord Durie. He became a Lord of Session in 1621, and died
in 1646, so that the incident here related must have taken place betwixt
these periods.
The version of this incident, given in the well, known ballad "Christie's
Will," if not so romantic as the foregoing, is certainly more amusing. The
balladist represents Lord Traquair as "sitting mournfullie," afraid lest
the vote of the Court of Session would make him bare at once of land and
living--
"But if auld Durie to heaven were flown,
Or if auld Durie to hell were gane,
Or ... if he could be but ten days stoun ...
My bonnie braid lands would still be my ain.
At this juncture Christie's Will offers his services--
"O, mony a time, my Lord," he said,
"I've stown the horse frae the sleeping loun;
But for you I'll steal a beast as braid,
For I'll steal Lord Durie frae Edinburgh toun."
"O, mony a time, my Lord," he said,
"I've stown a kiss frae a sleeping wench;
But for you I'll do as kittle a deed,
For I'll steal an auld lurdane off the bench."
He lighted at Lord Durie's door,
And there he knocked maist manfullie;
And up and spake Lord Durie sae stour,
"What tidings, thou stalwart groom, to me?"
"The fairest lady in Teviotdale,
Has sent, maist reverent sir, for thee.
She pleas at the Session for her land a' hail,
And fain she would plead her cause to thee."
"But how can I to that lady ride
With saving of my dignitie?"
"O a curch and mantle ye may wear,
And in my cloak ye sall muffled be."
Wi' curch on head, and cloak ower face,
He mounted the judge on a palfrey fyne;
He rode away, a right round pace,
And Christie's Will held the bridle reyne.
The Lothian Edge they were not o'er,
When they heard bugles bauldly ring,
And, hunting over Middleton Moor,
They met, I ween, our noble king.
When Willie looked upon our king,
I wot a frightened man was he!
But ever auld Durie was startled more,
For tyning of his dignitie.
The king he crossed himself, I wis,
When as the pair came riding bye--
"An uglier croon, and a sturdier loon,
I think, were never seen with eye."
Willie has hied to the tower of Graeme,
He took auld Durie on his back,
He shot him down to the dungeon deep,
Which garr'd his auld banes gae mony a crack.
* * * * *
The king has caused a bill be wrote,
And he has set it on the Tron--
"He that will bring Lord Durie back
Shall have five hundred merks and one."
Traquair has written a braid letter,
And he has seal'd it wi' his seal,
"Ye may let the auld Brock out o' the poke;
The land's my ain, and a's gane weel."
O Will has mounted his bony black,
And to the tower of Graeme did trudge,
And once again, on his sturdy back,
Has he hente up the weary judge.
He brought him to the Council stairs,
And there full loudly shouted he,
"Gie me my guerdon, my sovereign liege,
And take ye back your auld Durie!"
Important as this service was, it was not the only one that Christie's
Willie rendered to the Earl of Traquair. He was sent, on one occasion,
with important papers to Charles I., and received an answer to deliver,
which he was strictly charged to place in the hands of his patron. "But in
the meantime," says Sir Walter Scott, "his embassy had taken air, and
Cromwell had despatched orders to entrap him at Carlisle. Christie's Will,
unconscious of his danger, halted in the town to refresh his horse, and
then pursued his journey. But as soon as he began to pass the long, high,
and narrow bridge that crosses the Eden at Carlisle, either end of the
pass was occupied by parliamentary soldiers, who were lying in wait for
him. The Borderer disdained to resign his enterprise, even in these
desperate circumstances; and at once forming his resolution, spurred his
horse over the parapet. The river was in high flood. Will sunk--the
soldiers shouted--he emerged again, and, guiding his horse to a steep
bank, called the Stanners, or Stanhouse, endeavoured to land, but
ineffectually, owing to his heavy horseman's cloak, now drenched in water.
Will cut the loop, and the horse, feeling himself disembarrassed, made a
desperate exertion, and succeeded in gaining the bank. Our hero set off,
at full speed, pursued by the troopers, who had for a time stood
motionless in astonishment, at his temerity. Will, however, was well
mounted; and, having got the start, he kept it, menacing with his pistols,
any pursuer who seemed likely to gain on him--an artifice which succeeded,
although the arms were wet and useless. He was chased to the river Esk,
which he swam without hesitation, and, finding himself on Scottish ground,
and in the neighbourhood of friends, he turned on the northern bank, and
with the true spirit of the Borderer, invited his followers to come
through and drink with him. After this taunt he proceeded on his journey,
and faithfully accomplished his mission."[106]
If Christie's Will may be regarded as the last Border freebooter of any
note, it is evident that the peculiar genius of the family to which he
belonged survived in full vigour to the end.